2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题及答案解析(Small But Wise)

2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题

2012年职称英语考试

阅读理解练习题及答案解析

Small But Wise

On December 14,NASA1 blasted a small but mighty telescope into space. The telescope is called WISE and is about as wide around as a trashcan. Don't let its small size fool you:WISE has a powerful digital camera, and it will be taking pictures of some the wildest objects2 in the known universe,including asteroids,faint stars,blazing galaxies3 and giant clouds of dust where planets and stars are born.

"I'm very excited because we're going to be seeing parts of the universe that we haven't seen before,"said Ned Wright, a scientist who directs the WISE project.

Since arriving in space,the WISE telescope has been circling the Earth,held by gravity in a polar orbit4(this means it crosses close to the north and south poles with each lap5).Its camera is pointed outward,away from the Earth,and WISE will snap a picture of a different part of the sky every 11 minutes. After six months it will have taken pictures across the entire sky.

The pictures taken by WISE won't be like everyday digital photographs,however. WISE stands for"Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer."As its name suggests,the WISE camera takes pictures of features that give off infrared radiation6.

Radiation is energy that travels as a wave. Visible light, including the familiar spectrum of light7 that becomes visible in a rainbow,is an example of radiation. When an ordinary digital camera takes a picture of a tree,for example,it receives the waves of visible light that are reflected off the tree. When these waves enter the camera through the lens,they're processed by the camera,which then puts the image together.

Waves of infrared radiation are longer than waves of visible light, so ordinary digital cameras don't see them,and neither do the eyes of human beings. Although invisible to the eye,longer infrared radiation can be detected as warmth by the skin.

That's a key idea to why WISE will be able to see things other telescopes can't. Not everything in the universe shows up in visible light. Asteroids,for example,are giant rocks that float through space 一but they absorb most of the light that reaches them. They don't reflect light,so they're difficult to see. But they do give off infrared radiation, so an infrared telescope like WISE will be able to produce images of them. During its mission WISE will take pictures of hundreds of thousands of asteroids.

Brown dwarfs8 are another kind of deep-space object that will show up in WISE's pictures. These objects are"failed" stars 一which means they are not massive enough to jump start9 the same kind of reactions that power stars such as the sun. Instead,brown dwarfs simply shrink and cool down. They're so dim that they're almost impossible to see with visible light, but in the infrared spectrum they glow.

1 .What is so special about WISE?

A It is small in size but carries a large camera.

B It is as small as a trashcan.

C Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.

2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题

D Never before has a telescope carried a digital camera in space.

2. Which is NOT the synonym for the word "snap" in the third paragraph?

A make.

B shoot.

C take

D photograph.

3. The camera on WISE

A is no different from an ordinary camera.

B does not see infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does.

C catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not.

D reflects light that human eyes can see.

4. Which of the following is NOT correct about"asteroids" according to paragraph 7?

A Asteroids float through space giving off visible light.

B Asteroids do not reflect light that reaches them.

C It is difficult to take asteroids' pictures by ordinary cameras,

D The WISE telescope can take pictures of asteroids

5.What is implied in the last paragraph?

A Brown dwarfs give off visible light.

B Brown dwarfs give off infrared radiation.

C Brown dwarfs are power stars like the sun.

D Brown dwarfs are impossible to see with the WISE telescope.

答案与题解：

1. C 短文的第一和第二段提供了答案。WISE 的特殊之处就在于，虽然体积小，但它的数码相机能拍到任何天体，所以能够帮助天文学家观测到宇宙空间中( in the known universe )的未知天文现象。其他选项都不是短文表达的意思。

2. A snap 是个多义词，可以解释为"拍照"，更为确切的意思是"拍快照"。这里shoot, take 和photograph 都是snap 的同义词。

3. C 短文第六段和第四段提供了答案。人类的肉眼和普通相机看到的光是visible lights ，看不见红外线辐射( infrared radiation) ，而WISE 的相机能够看到。

4. A 短文第七段第二句说并非所有的宇宙中的物体都会发出可见光，比如asteroids ，所以A是正确选项。其他选项的内容都可以在该段中找到。

5. B 最后一段的第一句说，褐矮星能出现在WISE 照片中，根据上文对WISE 望远镜的描述只有WISE 望远镜才能拍到红外线射线，所以B是正确选择。

词汇：

trashcan n.垃圾箱

infrared adj.红外线

asteroid n.小行星

dwarf n. 矮星

2012年职称英语考试阅读理解练习题

注释：

1.NASA (美国国家航空航天局)是缩写词，全称是National Aeronautics and Space Administration

2. the wildest objects ：任何你能想象得到的天体。wild 有"未被人驯养的""荒唐的""离奇的"意思。

3. faint stars, blazing galaxies：指的是那些只能看到微弱的光和因燃烧而无法观察到的天体。

4. polar orbit：极地轨道。指轨道平面与赤道面夹角为90。的人造地球卫星轨道。人造卫星运行时能到达南北极区上空，即卫星能飞经全球范围的上空。需要在全球范围内进行观测和应用的气象卫星、导航卫星、地球资源卫星等都采用这种轨道。

5. lap：一圈。原指竞赛场的一圈或游泳池的一个来回，如： She overtook the other runners on the last lap. 她最后一圈超过了其他参赛者。

6. infrared radiation：红外线辐射

7. spectrum of light：光谱，即，光辐射的波长分布区域。

8. Brown dwarfs：褐矮星。褐矮星非常暗淡，很难发现它们，要确定它们的大小就更加困难。

9.jump start: 启动

译文：

小身材，大智慧

12月14日，美国国家航空航天局发射了一个体积小而威力大的望远镜叫做“WISE”，不要让它的小身材欺骗了你，它拥有功能强大的数码摄像机，它将拍摄已知宇宙中最广阔的物体包括小行星，暗星，炽烈的星系，以及行星和恒星诞生的巨大云状星尘。

执行”WISE”计划的科学家Ned说，“我非常兴奋，因为我们马上就要看到宇宙中我们从未见过的部分了”

自从进入太空，WISE望远镜在重力的作用下沿地球两极旋转（意味着每转一周就会离南极和北极更近），它的摄像头是朝向外太空的。每过11分钟WISE就会拍摄一张天空不同部分的图片。6个月后它将把整个天空都拍摄完毕。

尽管如此，WISE拍摄的照片跟平时的数码照片是不同的。WISE是“Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer”的缩写，正如它的名字所暗示的那样WISE可以拍摄到能够发出红外线辐射的物体的相片。

辐射是一种以波浪形式行进的一种能量，可见光包括形成彩虹相似的光谱就是辐射的一个例子。当一台普通的数码相机给一棵树拍照的时候，它接收到了树反射的可见光的光波。当这些光波抵达通过镜头进入摄像机时，它们就被摄像机处理形成图片。

红外线的波长比可见光要长，所以普通的照相机看不到它们，当然人的眼睛也不会看见它们。虽然看不见但是红外线作为热源却可以被人们的皮肤感觉到。

这是为什么WISE可以看见其他望远镜所无法看到的东西的原因。宇宙中并不是所有的物体都以可见光的形式出现。小行星就是一个例子，它们是在宇宙中漂泊的巨大的岩石，但是他们却把所有到达他们的光线给吸收了，他们不反射光，所以很难被看见。但是他们却发射红外线。在WISE的执行任务中，它将拍摄数以千计的小行星的图片。

棕矮星是宇宙深入另外一种在WISE摄像中看到的物体。这些物体是失败的恒星——意味着它们不够大所以无法像恒星太阳一样启动相同的反应。相反，棕矮星缩小和冷却了。它们太微弱了以至于在可见光下人们根不能看不到它们，但是在红外线谱中它们是发光的。

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