高一、高三合并稿

Unit 1 Good Friends

(Senior 1A)

课前基础热身 I. 单词拼写

1. The problem was hard; its s________ required many hours. 2. The little girl was s________ by the sudden barking of a dog.

3. They all had a feeling of s________ for the death of their close friend. 4. As soon as she became rich she c________ aside all her old friends. 5. He went over her composition and found only two or three e_________. 6. He prefers ___________(古典的) music to pop music.

7. The explorer told the boys about his __________(冒险经历) in the Arctic.

8. It‘s reported that about seventy-five percent of the children receive no ______________(正规的) education in that area.

9. He didn‘t __________________(生存) long after the accident.

10. He often had to spend the night in ________________(荒废的) temples. II．英汉互译 1. 独自 2. 把?当作 3. 飞机失事 4. 网上冲浪 5. 嘲笑，作弄 6. 与?交朋友 7. 牢记 8. 同甘共苦

9. 给某人写一封短信 10. 与?建立友谊 11. make apologies 12. care about 13. be into sth 14. hunt for

15. forever friends 16. feel down 17. keep an eye on 18. be curious about 19. fair-weather friend

20. overcome one‘s shyness

III. 完成句子（用括号所给的词语或要求完成下列句子）

1. ________________________(你认为从哪里) I can get some work to do? (think) 2. ________________________(那一天是那么冷) the street was almost deserted. (so)

3. You can‘t imagine ______________________(他们是多么激动) when they received these nice Christmas gifts.

4. I don‘t enjoy singing, ____________________(也不喜欢玩电脑游戏). (nor)

5. He realized that he hasn‘t been a very good friend, because he _________________(总是只想着自己). (always)

课内重点剖析 单词点睛 1. quality n.

[词 义] (人的)品质(可数)；(物的)质量(不可数)(与quantity(数量)相对应)；(人或物)特

点，特性

[必记搭配] good quality 品德良好 human quality 人性

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quality goods 精品 a man of quality 具有良好品质的人 [例] Quality is more important than quantity. 质量比数量更重要。 He has all the qualities of a successful businessman.

他具有一个成功商人所应具备的所有品质。 One quality of wood is that it can burn. 木材的特点之一就是会燃烧。 2. loyal adj.

[词 义] 忠诚的，忠实的

[派 生 词] loyally adv. 忠实地，忠诚地 loyalty n. 忠实(不可数) loyalist n. 忠实分子 [必记搭配] be loyal to 对?忠诚 [同/近义词] faithful, true

[例] He was utterly loyal to his wife.

他对他的妻子绝对忠实。

These people feel a lot of loyality to the company. 这些人都对公司忠心耿耿。

They didn‘t loyally live up to the principles they professed. 他们未能忠实地履行他们所表明的原则。 3. fun n. [词 义] 乐趣，兴致(不可数名词) fun是不可数名词，其前不可用冠词修饰。 [派 生 词] funny 滑稽的，荒谬的，逗人笑的 [例] We had great fun swimming in the lake.

我们在湖里游泳，玩得很开心。 What fun it is to play with my little dog. 逗我的小狗玩真是令人开心。

4. survive vi / vt 规则变化: -d; -d; 现在分词: surviving [词 义] 经历...后依然活着; 幸免于; 经受得住

[派 生 词] survivor n. 存留下来的人或东西，生存者 survival n. 生存（不可数） [例] Few survived after the flood.

洪水过后，生还者极少。

The man was very ill, but he survived.

这个人病得很厉害，可是他活下来了。 He survived his wife for many years. 他比妻子多活好多年。

The house survived the storm.

经过暴风雨袭击, 这所房屋并未倒塌。

Crocodiles are survivals from the age of dinosaurs. 鳄鱼是从恐龙时代生存下来的物种。

His survival is still uncertain; he has been very badly hurt and may die. 他能否活下去还是一个未知数，他伤得太重，随时都有生命危险。 5. imagine 规则变化: -d; -d; 现在分词: imagining [词 义] 想象, 以为；假想 [派 生 词] imagination 想象力

imaginative 富于想象的；有想象力的

[必记搭配] imagine sth/doing sth./宾语从句 想象, 幻想/认为 imagine sb.as 以为

[例] You can imagine the situation there.

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你可以想象那里的情况。

I can‘t imagine living in such a place. 我难以想像生活在这样一个地方。 I can't imagine what he looks like. 我想象不出他是什么长相。

Don't imagine yourself to be always correct. 不要以为自己总是对。

I imagine him as a big tall man. 我以为他是个高大的人。

He imagines that people don't believe him. 他总是认为人们不信任他。 [典题示例](2006江苏卷32)

--- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. --- My goodness! I can‘t imagine _________ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been

答案C。

(2006·陕西)

It‘s difficult to imagine his ______ the decision without any consideration. A. to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 答案：C

解析：imagine表“想象”之意时，其后应用doing，不可用to do形式作宾语。 (2007·浙江卷)

---Look! He‘s running so fast!

---Hard to ______ his legs were once broken. A. know B. imagine C. realize D. find 答案：B

解析：考查词义辨析。即：很难想象出他的腿曾经骨折过。

6. argue vi规则变化: -d; -d; 现在分词: arguing [词 义] 争论；辩论

[派 生 词] argument (n). 理由；论据; 争论；争吵 [必记搭配] argue about/on/over sth 为…争论

argue against sth 据理反对 argue for sth 为?而辩论 argue with sb 与?争论

[例] He argued with Mary about/on/over the best place for a holiday.

他和玛丽争论度假的最好地方。

They argued against the use of this medicine. 他们据理反对使用这种药。

The workers argued for the right to strike. 工人们为争取罢工的权力而辩论。 7. develop

[词 义] 弄成，培养，形成；冲洗(胶卷)，过去式，过去分词-ed, -ed; 现在分词-ing [派 生 词] development n. 发展，进展；冲洗(胶卷) developed adv. 发达的 developing adv. 发展中的 [必记搭配] be under development 在发展中 develop the habit of ? 养成?的习惯 develop one‘s … skills 培养?方面的技能 develop into … 发展成为? [例] He developed an interest in science.

他培养出了对科学的兴趣。 He developed into a strong leader. 他已成为一个强有力的领导。

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I think these photographs will look nice when they are developed. 我想等胶卷冲洗好之后，这些照片一定看起来很美。 She developed the habit of eating junk food. 她养成了吃零食的习惯。

Do you find it hard to keep up with the new developments of science? 你觉得与科学发展保持一致难吗？ [典题示例]

1. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to ______ healthy eating habits. (06·湖北)

A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise 答案：B

解析：develop意为培养，形成(习惯，兴趣，爱好等)。

2. At minus 130℃, a living cell can be ______ for a thousand years. (07·上海卷) A. spared B. protected C. preserved D. developed 答案：C 解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：在零下130摄氏度的条件下，活细胞可以保存一千年。spare意为“均分，腾出，分享”；protect意为“保护”；preserve意为“保存，保藏，防腐”；develop意为“开发，发展”等。题干有时间状语for a thousand years需要有持续性动词，因此preserve为宜。

8. alone

[词 义] 独自(的)，单独(的)(作表语或后置定语)；只有，仅仅(置于名词、代词后) [同/近义词] lonely 孤独的(指人)；偏僻荒凉的(指地方)

[必记搭配] all alone 完全独自一人的 (all是副词，意为completely) leave / let sb / sth alone 别管/惹?，让?一人待着 let alone 更不用说 stand alone 突出，杰出

[例] It was dreadful to find oneself alone in such a place.

当发现自己独自一人处在这种地方时真是太可怕了。 I‘m all alone here at present. 目前我一个人独自在这里。

Mother was sitting alone when we came in. 当我们进来时，妈妈一个人独自坐着。

They could hardly get along upon his wages along.

仅仅靠他一个人的工资，他们的日子几乎过不下去了。 Let the dog alone; it will bite you if you pull its tail.

不要惹那条狗；如果你去扯它的尾巴，它会咬你的。 He hasn‘t enough money for food, let alone amusements. 他的钱不足以维持温饱，更谈不上花钱去娱乐。 He stands alone as a popular writer among the youth.

作为一个杰出的流行小说作家他在年轻人中十分受欢迎。

短语储存

1. be into sth 对?感兴趣，喜欢 [联想] be interested in 对?感兴趣 be fond of 喜欢 go in for 有某种爱好 care for 喜欢 like 喜欢

[例] I‘ve really got into French film lately.

我近来对法国电影很着迷。

2. cast away 抛弃，扔掉；因沉船而流落于? [联想] cast aside 抛弃，扔掉

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cast down 低沉，沮丧，泄气 cast off 扔掉，不再和?往来 throw away 抛弃，扔掉

[例] We were cast away on an island without food or water.

我们因沉船流落到岛上，没有食物也没有水。 3. hunt for 搜索，寻找

[联想] search for 搜索，寻找 look for 搜索，寻找 hunt down 追寻到，追捕到 hunt out 把?追赶到，找出来 hunt through 涉猎，找遍 hunt high and low for 到处寻找 hunt up 搜寻，搜出 go hunting 去打猎 job hunting 求职，找工作

[例] I‘ve found the book I was hunting for.

我终于找到了我一直寻找的书。 4. think about 关心，考虑

[联想] think of 考虑，关心，想起 think of … as 把?看作，认为 think well (ill) of 认为?好（不好） think highly (poorly) of 高度赞扬（认为?很糟 think much (little) of … 认为?很不错（没什么了不起） think out 彻底地想一想 think over 仔细考虑 think to oneself 自己心里想 think ahead 预见 think aloud 自言自语 think on 考虑，思量 think through 想透，想通 think … to be 认为?是 think twice 仔细考虑，三思而行 think up 想出，想起

[例] I‘ve thought about it for some itme.

我已为此事考虑很久了。

He thinks too much about himself. 他为自己着想的太多。 5. treat … as 把?看作/当作是

[联想] regard … as 把?看作/当作是 look on … as 把?看作/当作是 think of … as 把?看作/当作是 consider … as (to be) 把?看作/当作是 have … as 把?看作/当作是

[例] You‘d better treat it as a joke; you shouldn‘t take it seriously.

你最好把它当作是玩笑，别太当真。 6. drop sb a line 寄信给，给某人随便写几句 [联想] drop sb a postcard 给?寄一张贺卡 drop sb a short note 给??留一张便条 drop sb a word 给?留言 drop sb a hint 给?提示 drop sb a suggestion 向?建议

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[例] I must drop a line to my uncle to thank him for having us.

我得给叔叔写几句话，感谢他邀请我们。 7. even though 尽管，虽然 [联想] even if 尽管，虽然 even as 正当?的时候 even so 尽管如此 even now 即使现在 even then 即使那样；尽管那样 as if / though 仿佛

[例] She won‘t leave the TV set, even though her husband is waiting for supper.

尽管她的丈夫在等着吃晚餐，她还是不离开电视。 [典题示例] (2007·浙江卷)

Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 答案：C

解析：句意为“他们中的许多人对他的建议充耳不闻，即使他们知道建议很有价值。”even though意为“即使，纵使”，符合题意。 8. care about 关心，在乎

[联想] take care 当心，留心 take care of 照料，负责，处理 under the care of 由?管理 with care 小心注意 care to (do) 愿意(常用于问句，否定句) care for 喜欢，为?操心，尊重，照料 (同) be worried about, be concerned about (反) ignore 忽视，不理会

[例] I don‘t care about what people think about me.

我不在乎别人对我怎么看。 [典题示例] (2006·江西)

After the earthquake, the injured were cared ______ in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighboring cities. A. of B. for C. after D. with 答案：B

解析：care for照看，相当于take care of。 9. have fun 玩得开心/高兴

[联想] have a lot of fun 玩得很开心 have fun with sb 和某人开玩笑 be full of fun 很好玩 for / in fun 取乐，说/做着玩的 make fun of 取笑，嘲弄，开某人的玩笑 [例] We had fun riding our bicycle to the beach today.

我们今天骑车到江滩，玩得很开心。 10. keep … in mind 牢记

[联想] carry … in mind 牢记 bear … in mind 牢记 bring (back) to mind 使?(回)想起 call to mind 使想起 cross one‘s mind 突然想起 change one‘s mind 改变主意 make up one‘s mind 打定主意 give one‘s mind to 专心从事

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[例] You have to be home by 11 o‘clock. Keep this in mind.

你务必在11点之前回家。切记。

句型透视

1. W hat do you think they should do to solve their problems? 你认为他们应该怎么做才可以解决问题？ [句型] 疑问句 + do you think + (主语) + 谓语?

这是一个双重的疑问句法，可将do you think视为插入成分，即：What (do you think =in your opinion) they should do to solve their problem? [例] Where do you think he found it?

你以为他是在哪里找到它们的？ When do you think he will start? 你认为他什么时候动身？

[同义句型] 疑问词 + do you believe + (主语) + 谓语 ? 疑问词 + do you expect + (主语) + 谓语 ? 疑问词 + do you imagine + (主语) + 谓语 ? 疑问词 + do you suppose + (主语) + 谓语 ? 疑问词 + do you suggest + (主语) + 谓语 ? 疑问词 + do you say + (主语) + 谓语 ? [比较] Do you know who he is? Who do you think he is? Does the letter tell what time he will start? What time does the letter say he will start?

若主句里的谓语不是上述7个动词，就不可用此句型，应为：主语+宾语从句结构。如： Do you remember where you put your schoolbag? 2. I don‘t enjoy singing, nor do I like computers. 我不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢玩电脑。 Rock music is OK, and so is skiing. 摇滚音乐不错，滑雪也是如此。

“neither / nor + 系动词(情态动词或助动词) +主语”表示与前面所陈述的动作或情况有着相同的否定概念。这一结构只用于否定句。 [例] He isn‘t wrong, nor are you.

他没错，你也没错。 [高考示例] (2005·全国卷III)

Mary never does any reading in the evening, ______. A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn‘t too D. nor does John 答案：D

解析：谈及的是两人都不。

“so + 系动词(情态动词或助动词) + 主语”表示与前面所陈述的动作或情况有着相同的肯定概念，其中so代替上文所陈述的动作或状态，意为“也是这样，也是如此”。这一结构只用于肯定句。

[例] I study in this school and so does my brother.

我在这所学校学习，我弟弟也是如此。

[联想] ① so + 主语 + do (be, have, can, will)表示对前文提及的情况给予肯定。

② 主语 + do + so 表示按照要求做了。

[例] Tom speaks English well, and so he does.

汤姆的英语说得很好，那确实是真的。 His handwriting is good, and so it is. 他的书法很好，的确很好。

The teacher asked me to fetch some chalk, and I did so. 老师让我去取些粉笔，我去了。 [典题示例]

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(1)---Well. I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. ---_______. (05·辽宁卷)

A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does 答案：A

解析：这里的it指的是上文中的名词rabbit，即第2人是对第1人说话的附和，赞同。 (2)—My room gets very cold at night. —_______. (07·江苏卷) A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does 答案：C

解析：考查部分倒装，若表“另一方也是如此”时，用“so +助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语”。因为主句用的是实义动词gets，因此，不可选择A项。

(3)If Joe‘s wife won‘t go to the party, ______. (07·全国卷II) A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will 答案：B

解析：考查倒装结构，表示“某人也不?”时，常用“neither / nor +助动词+主语”的部分倒装形式。

当主句出现以下几种情况时，用as it is / was with ?或it is / was the same with ?句型。 A．两个不同种类的动词

Joe was fond of football and enjoyed reading novels.

It was the same with his brother Tim. / So it was with his brother Jim. B．两个动词分别为肯定形式和否定形式

I drank a bottle of wine but don‘t get drunk that night. It was the same with Peter. / So it was with Peter. C．动词同类但时态不同

He grew up in the city but now he is living in the countryside.

So it is with his new neighbour John. / So it is the same with his new neighbour John. He was good at swimming and enjoyed dancing. So it was with Henry.

3. He realizes that he hasn‘t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself.

他意识到，他以往时时处处为自己着想，从来没有做过别人的好朋友。 [句型] always 用于进行时

进行时(含现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成进行时等)与always, forever, constantly, still和continually等副词连用时，往往表示一种感情色彩，如：赞扬，埋怨，厌烦等。 It was constantly raining when I was having my holiday last year in Hainan. 去年我在海南度假时，天总是在下雨。 She has still been talking with neighbour. 她还在与我们的邻居交谈。

课后综合训练

I．单项填空（1×20=20‘）

1. He wanted to go to the theatre but we finally argued him ______ joining us in the basketball match. A. into B. out of C. with D. about 2. The _______ of life here is high and the people live happily. A. interest B. quality C. character D. quantity

3. In several parts of the city, cars are not permitted, ______ in the main shopping areas. (2007·湖南长沙模拟) A. actually B. especially C. practically D. averagely 4. —He doesn‘t work hard at politics. —_______.

A. So doesn‘t she B. So she doesn‘t C. Nor she does D. Neither does

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she

5. In this seaside resort, you can ______ all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism. (2007·山东卷) A. enjoy B. apply C. receive D. achieve 6. More and more young people are fond ______ playing tennis nowadays. (2006·上海春招) A. on B. to C. in D. of 7. They all had a feeling of ______ for the death of the friend. A. excitement B. impression C. sorrow D. interruption 8. Their products enjoy 30 per cent ______ of the market in this country because both the quality and their service are fine. (2007·石市质检一) A. features B. share C. discount D. sales 9. We should treat the disabled _______ equal citizens. A. to B. as C. like D. with

10. While in the university, we were offered a number of after—school activities to ______ our social

skills. (2007·南京质检) A. create B. grow C. develop D. settle 11. Since he was laid off, he has been knocking about, ______ a new job. A. hunting through B. hunting for C. hunting down D. hunting out 12. I can hardly imagine ______ to see me on such a rainy night. A. he coming B. him to come C. him coming D. him come

13. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I ______ have driven her there. (2007·陕西卷)

A. could B. must C. might D. should

14. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel ______ I heard the

steps. (2007·天津南开附加) A. while B. when C. since D. after

15. He and his wife are of the same ______; they both want their son to go to college. (2007·陕西卷)

A. soul B. spirit C. heart D. mind 16. Even though you are very busy, ______ a line to your mother occasionally. A. write B. take C. put D. drop

17. _____ plays an important part in winning over our opponent—class 6 in yesterday‘s football match?

A. Who do you think B. Whom do you think C. Do you think whom D. Do you think who

18. Only one boy ______ the terrible car crash. A. lived B. died C. survived D. ran 19. ______ it is to have a cold drink on such a hot day. (2007·全国名校调研模拟) A. What a fun B. How fun C. What fun D. How a fun 20. I had been driving for hours when I ______ something was wrong with my car. A. mentioned B. realized C. admitted D. advised II．介、副词填空(1‘×15=15‘)

21. The police are treating his death ______ a case of murder.

22. She was an extremely kind woman, loyal ______ her friends, intelligent and amusing. 23. They‘re always arguing ______ unimportant matters.

24. E-mail is faster than letters. You can just write your message and click it _______. 25. Well, let‘s put our heads together and find a solution ______ the difficulty. 26. I hate hiking and I‘m not ______ classical music.

27. Chuck is on a flight ______ the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.

28. During his five years ______ the island, Chuck learns how to be a good friend to Wilson. 29. She was fond _______ drawing when she was a little girl.

30. A woman is usually afraid to walk ________ down a deserted street at night. 31. Hearing the great man‘s death, the whole nation was _______ great sorrow. 32. As a good boy, you should learn to share things _______ others.

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33. You‘d better take a pen when you go to the meeting in case there is something important to writer

______.

34. The place has developed from a fishing port ______ a tourism center. 35. There are certain qualities _______ his writing that I admire. III. 完形填空 (1.5*20=30)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36～55各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

From the first day he entered my junior-high classroom, Willard existed in his own world, 36 his classmates and me, his teacher. My attempts at 37 a friendly relationship with him were met with complete 38 . Even a ― Good morning, Willard‖ 39 only an inaudible grunt . I could see that his classmates fared 40 . Willard was strictly a loner who seemed to have no 41 or need to break his barrier of silence.

Shortly after the Thanksgiving holiday, we received 42 of the annual Christmas collection of money for the less 43 people in our school district.

―Christmas is a season of 44 ,‖ I told my students. ― There are a few students in our school who might have a happy holiday season. By 45 to our Christmas collection, you will help buy food, clothing and toys for these 46 people. We start the collection tomorrow.‖

When I called for the contributions the next day, I discovered that 47 had forgotten except Willard. The boy dug deep into his pants pockets as he came up to my desk. Carefully, he 48 two quarters into the small container.

―I don‘t need milk for lunch,‖ he mumbled. For a moment, just a moment, he 49 . Then he turned and walked back to his desk.

That night, after school, I took our poor contribution to the school principal. I couldn‘t help 50 the incident that had taken place.

―I may be wrong, 51 I believe Willard might be getting ready to become a part of the world 52 him,‖ I told the principal.

― Yes, I believe it sounds hopeful ,‖ he nodded. ―And we might do well to 53 him share a bit of his world with us. I just received a list of the poor families in our school who 54 need help. Here, take a look at it.‖

As I gazed down to 55 , I discovered Willard and his family were the top name on the list. 36. A. making out B. shutting out C. getting out D. crossing out 37. A. establishing B. enriching C. improving D. deepening 38. A. indigestion B. indifference C. dislike D. disapproval 39. A. seized B. reached C. received D. accepted 40. A. no more B. no longer C. no sooner D. no better 41. A. desire B. hope C. request D. emotion 42. A. message B. letter C. announcement D. word 43. A. merry B. satisfied C. fortunate D. delighted 44. A. taking B. giving C. receiving D. gaining 45. A. contributing B. adapting C. attending D. leading 46. A. miserable B. needy C. unsuccessful D. troublesome 47. A. everyone B. some one C. no one D. anyone 48. A. laid B. took C. dropped D. handed 49. A. sighed B. laughed C. screamed D. smiled 50. A. sharing B. explaining C. describing D. retelling 51. A. so B. and C. but D. for 52. A. around B. beside C. beyond D. with 53. A. encourage B. have C. get D. urge 54. A. hardly B. almost C. rather D. most 55. A. read B. look C. stare D. search IV.阅读理解(2.5*4=10)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A

I love it at night. It‘s peaceful. And when it cools down I sometimes do some ironing. I don‘t really care for it. I work full time and too busy for most housework. I remember the old woman who taught me to iron. I was about 15 and somehow got a live-in job taking care of a woman who

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had been an able-bodied, healthy woman until the accident that caused her to be paralyzed.

The woman had an electric wheelchair. She could move her head and arms but not her hands or fingers. She had this clamp attached to her arm and I‘d have to open it and put a cup or pencil in it and then she could move it. She would tell me how to do things. She would instruct me in great detail on the correct way to do things. Her home was perfect and beautiful. She would follow me around in her electric wheelchair to make sure I did everything exactly right. I‘m sure she had been a perfect homemaker. She would have me fold everything, including socks and underwear. I was used to just throwing it in a drawer. She had me iron sheets and pillow cases. I would grumble silently and wish terrible things on her. She taught me the right way to make a bed and tuck the corners. I know sometimes she‘d get frustrated and impatient with me. I knew she wanted to grab it and do it herself. But she never yelled or scolded. Only insisted I do it right. I didn‘t like it much, but I did it.

Today I can iron pretty well. I know where to start on a shirt, the right way to do the collar and sleeves. Now that I think about it, I don‘t think she is an old lady. I think she might have been about my age now. Anyway, when I iron, I think of her and silently thank her for all the things I learned.

56. From the passage we can infer that the writer of the passage now is ______.

A. a housewife B. a full-time worker C. a clothes maker D. a college student 57. The writer used to take care of the lady because ______. A. she wanted to learn how to do housework B. she was a relative of the disabled woman

C. she wanted to earn some money while sleeping and eating there D. she had to do something in return to the lady for her kindness

58. When the lady taught the writer how to do housework, the little girl was ______.

A. eager to learn B. unwilling to learn C. forced to learn D. careful to learn 59. What‘s the writer‘s attitude towards the lady now?

A. Sympathetic B. Fearful C. Hateful D. Grateful V. 书面表达((1‘×15=25‘)

根据下列四幅图画，以“捉燕子”为题，写一篇英语短文。

注意：1．把捉燕子——放燕子的过程和自己的感受写清楚。

2．字数100左右。

生词：燕子：swallow 燕窝：nest 捕捉：capture 屋檐：eaves

参考答案

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课前热身 I．单词拼写 1. solution 2. scared 3. sorrow 4. cast 5. errors 6. classical 7. adventures 8. formal 9. survive 10. deserted II．英汉互译 1. all alone 2. treat … as / regard … as / think of … as 3. a / the plane crash 4. surf the Internet 5. make fun of 6. make friends with 7. keep / carry / bear sth in mind 8. share happiness and sorrow 9. drop sb a line 10. develop a friendship with … 11. 道歉 12. 关心 13. 喜欢某事 14. 搜寻 15. 永远的朋友 16. 感到沮丧 17. 留心，注意 18. 对?好奇 19. 势利小人 20. 克服羞怯心理 III．完成句子

1. Where do you think 2. It was so cold a day that 3. how excited they were

4. nor do I like to play / playing computer games 5. has always been thinking about himself

课后综合训练 I．单项填空

1. A argue sb into doing sth意为“说服某人做某事”，相当于“persuade sb to do sth”。 2. B quality意为“质量”，即：“生活的质量高”。A项interest意为“利益，兴趣”；C项character意为“特征，特点，个性”；D项quantity意为“数量”；皆不合题意。 3. B especially意为“尤其”，表程度，用于状语前。

4. D 否定的情况也适用于另外的人或物用neither或nor加助动词加主语。 5. A 句意为：“在这个海滨胜地，你可以享受现代旅行业的舒适与方便。” 6. D be fond of意为“喜欢”，为固定搭配。 7. C sorrow为不可数名词，意为“悲痛，痛苦”。

8. B share份额。句意为“他们的产品享受着这个国家市场30%的份额因为他们的产品质量和服务是好的”。

9. B treat sb. as …把某人看作??；treat sb. to dinner请某人吃饭。 10. C develop培养；develop our social skill培养我们的社会能力。

11. B hunting for寻找，作伴随状语。A项hunting through意为“涉猎，找遍”；C项hunting down意为“追捕，找寻到”；D项hunting out意为“找出来”，皆不合题意。 12. C imagine sb. doing表示“想象某人做??”。其中him为sailing的逻辑主语，应使用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词，口语中也可以用名词普通式或代词宾格。imagine用作“想象”之意时，其后可用doing作宾语；用作“认为”之意时，可用to do作宾补，不可用to do形式作宾语。常见句型为：imagine sth.; imagine sb. doing / one‘s doing 想象某人做某事；imagine that + clause想象??；imagine sb. to be / as认为某人??

13. D 句意为：我曾告诉过你的朋友如何到宾馆，但可能我应开车送她去就好了。情态动词 + have done结构都是谈已发生之事。should + have done意为“过去应该做（但未做）之事”，语含批评，责备，这里有自责之意。could + have done表“过去本能够做?”；must + have done表“过去一定做过?”，是对已发生事情的推测；might + have done表“过去或许做过?”，也是对已发生某事的推测，但语气不及must + have done强。

14. B 考查连词用法。句译为：我刚刚走出浴室，正忙于用毛巾擦身，“突然”我听到了脚步声。此处when表示“突然”，相当于and suddenly, and at that moment。 15. D of the same mind具有相同的想法。

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16. D drop a line (to sb)为固定搭配，意为“给??写信”，往往指随意写几行。 17. A do you think常用于特别句型：“疑问词 + do you think / believe / expect / imagine / suppose / say / suggest + 主语＋谓语??。在此句中，who是句中的主语，因此不可选B项。 18. C survive此处用作及物动词，意为“从?生存下来”(= live longer than, escape (from))，其它三项皆为不及物动词，不可直接跟宾语。

19. C What fun it is to do sth.干某事非常快乐，为固定句型，即感叹句型，其中fun为不可数名词。

20. B realize表示“意识到，发现”，即：start to know something that you had not noticed before. II．介、副词填空 21. as 22. to 23. about, over 24.away 25. to / of 26. into 27. across 28. on 29. of 30. alone 31. in 32. with 33. down 34. into 35. in III. 完形填空

36. B shut out 意为―关闭‖，表示该学生自我封闭，不与他人来往。A项意为―辨认出，猜出‖；C项意为―出去‖，D项意为―删除‖。

37. A ―我‖试图与他―建立‖友谊，此处A项表―建立‖之意；B项为―丰富‖；C项为―改善，使…更好‖；D项意为―加深。

38. B B项意为―冷漠‖。上文说到：我想和他建立友好关系，却遭遇到他的漠视，他不理睬我。A项意为―不消化‖；C项意为―不喜欢‖；D项意为―不批准‖。 39. C 我问候他早晨好，收到的回答是几不可闻的咕哝声。

40. D 他的同学们从他那里得到的反应也不比我好，即他对我和他的同学们都是 ―indifference‖

41. A 威洛德似乎就是一个孤独者，不想打破这种沉默的障碍。此处A项为―欲望，渴望‖之意，B项意为―希望‖；C项意为―请求‖；D项意为―感情‖。

42. D 此处word 用作不可数名词，意为―news information‖, ABC三项都为可数名词，不可单独使用，其前应加限定词或用复数形式。

43. C 为不幸运的人募捐，C项意为lucky幸运的，指生活有困难的人；A项为―快乐的‖；B项为―满意的‖，D项意为―快乐的，开心的‖，这些人不需要金钱上的资助。

44. B 老师教育学生说：圣诞节是一个奉献的节日，此处giving表―捐献，给予‖之意。与上下文捐款一致。

45. A contribute to 意为―为…作贡献‖。 46. B needy意为poor ，即―贫困的‖，A项意为―悲惨的‖；C项意―不成功的‖；D项意为―讨厌的，难办的‖；只有困难之人需要救助。

47. A 这里将威洛德与他人相比，显现出他外表冷漠，内心热情的性格一面，只有他一个记得老师的号召。

48. C 他漫不经心地将两个四蛊司的英币丢入钱盒。

49. D D项smile表―微笑‖，作者第一次看到他笑了。B项一般为出声的大笑，不合行文情景。

50. A ―share‖原意为―分享‖，此处指将此事―告诉‖他人 51. C 表转折关系。

52. A ―他周边的世界‖，表示他与别人的关系会好起来。

53. B 只有have 后跟动词原形作宾补，此处意为―让，使‖。 54. D ―最‖需要帮助之人，正是他一家。 55. A ―看‖名单。应为―read‖，而非 ―look‖。 IV.阅读理解

56. B 考查细节。文章第2行说到：I work full time and too busy…

57. C 考查细节和词义理解。文章第3行说到：I was about 15 and somehow got a live -in job taking care of a woman… 此处live-in job意为一个提供食宿的工作。

58. B 考查细节和推理判断。文章第2段讲到：I would grumble silently and wish terrible things on her 表明她多么不愿学；又：But she never yelled or scolded … 表示女主人没有强迫她学。因此C项不合适。

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59. D 考查细节与推理判断。见文章最后一句，作者对原女主人的态度是感激的。 V.书面表达 作文点拨

审题 书面表达是以看图说话的形式讲述一段故事，要求有记叙，又有议论（感想），主要是要求学生能够用所学的英语进行书面表达和运用。 文章的大纲：1. 描述漫画 2 自己的看法 文章的要点：1．游玩时忽生捉燕子之念；

2．听到燕子妈妈的叫声于心不忍； 3．放回乳燕； 4．感到高兴。

文章的基调： 1.文体：记叙文/议论文 ；2.人称：第三人称/ 第一人称

3.时态： 一般过去时/过去进行时（记叙漫画）一般现在时（发表感慨） Possible version: Capturing the Swallow

It was a Sunny day today. Some of my friend and I went out to enjoy the sunshine. Suddenly we saw a swallow flying in the sky. ―How interesting!‖ we thought, and then we decided to capture the baby swallow in the nest. We got close to the nest with a ladder and managed to capture the baby swallow. ―What a lovely swallow,‖ we said, but then we heard the mother swallow crying sadly above us. ―We shouldn‘t do that!‖ One of us said, ―We must protect the animals and make friends with them.‖ Without hesitation, we decided to bring the swallow back to the nest. After doing that, we saw the mother swallow flying around us as if she were saying ―thank you‖ to us. All of us felt delighted. We all learned that animals are best friends of us.

附：湖北题： I. 多项选择（红体）

II．介、副词填空（红体） III. 完成句子 ( 1×1.5=15 )

21. Chuck also learns that _______________(本该多关心) about his friends. (should) 22. He is the only man ________________(大难未死的人). (survive)

23. Many people keep dogs as pets because dogs __________________(被看作是忠实的) friends to people. (regard)

24. When he _______________(与??交朋友) Wilson, he understands that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take. (make)

25. He was _____________(正要捡起) the piece of paper when a gust of wind blew it away. (pick)

26. Can you imagine ______________(生活在) a deserted island. (live)

27. There were a lot of people in the reading-room, _______________(他们中的大部分) their heads bent down over their books. (most)

28. After graduating from college, he began to wander from city to city, _____________(寻找) a suitable job. (hunt)

29. John shut everyone out of the kitchen _________(为了) he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. (so)

30. The bridge ____________(完工) by the end of this year. (complete)

III.完成句子

21. should have cared more

should + have done表过去该做（但未这样做）之事，有批评、责备之意。 22. who / that survived (after) / the crash / disaster

survive可用作及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，亦可用作不及物动词，后跟介词after再加宾

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语。注意，此处宜用过去时态。 23. are regarded as loyal / true

regard … as …意为“把?看作是?”，注意被动语态的运用。 24. makes friends with

注意，与?交朋友应用复数形式friends。 25. about / just / just about to pick up

句型be just / about / just about to do sth when …意为“正要做?，突然?”。

26. living on imagine 意为“想象”时，后跟-doing作宾语，不可跟动词的to do形式。 27. most of them

不可用most of whom或and most of them，因为后一个句子中bent是过去分词，因此，后半句是一个独立结构。 28. hunting for

此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。 29. so that

表目的，不可用so as to / in order to，因其后是一个分句。 30. will have been completed

句中用的是时间状语by the end of …，因此，主句应用将来完成时。

Unit 2 English Around the World

(Senior 1A)

课前基础热身 I. 单词拼写

1. Speech and writing are man‘s most important methods of c________. 2. The flashing light was a s________ that a train was coming. 3. The m________ of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health. 4. The new settlers treated the n________ very badly.

5. Oral comprehension and e________ can not be learned from books. 6. Is there a ________(浴室) in this building?

7. Jean had a ________(壁橱) full of clothes that most teenagers would kill for. 8. He hoped to find a job in a ________(政府) department.

9. Before we begin, I‘d like to make a ________(声明) about my involvement.

10. John joined the ________(国际的) peace-keeping force and was sent to Iraqi last year. II．英汉互译

1. 一直地，一路上 2. 别拘束 3. 过了一会儿 4. 快点，赶快 5. 编造，组成 6. 在返回的路上 7. 溜狗 8. 雨伞架 9. 或多或少 10. 熬夜，不睡 11. end up with 12. come about 13. in total

14. communicate with 15. give a description of 16. bring in 17. except for 18. mother tongue 19. got it

20. over the centuries

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III. 完成句子（用括号所给的词语或要求完成下列句子）

1. Do you________________________(有困难自我介绍) to a foreign guest? (difficulty)

2. Just before the class began, Mr. Smith came into the classroom _______________(手里拿着很多书). (独立结构)

3. I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesn‘t matter ______________________(我到底是与谁在交谈). (强调句型)

4. In only fifty years, English has developed into the language ______________________(世界最广为说和用的). (最高级)

5. At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages, _________________(最后有很多不同的词). (end)

课内重点剖析 单词点睛

1. request n/ vt 规则变化:-ed -ed现在分词:-ing

词义：要求；请求

同义/近词：ask, want, need, require, demand

必记搭配：request sth from sb 向某人要求某物

request sb to do sth请求某人做某事

at one.'s request /at the request of sb.应某人要求 by request 应…要求

in ( great ) request 有需求

例：I have a request to make of you.我有事求你。

She made a request for some water. 她请求给点水。 She requested him to go with her.她邀请他一同去。 [高考示例] （05上海）_

1.______ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.

A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires 答案C.

2. compare vt规则变化: -d;-d现在分词:comparing

词义：比较；对照；比喻；比作

同义/近词： contrast match

必掌握词组：compare with 对照;与?比较；比得上 compare…to把...比作； 比喻

Compared to/with……, 与?比较； 例：His parents always compare him with his cousins. 他父母常常将他和他堂兄们做比较。

Living in a town can't compare with living in the country in many respects. 在许多方面城市生活比不上在乡村生活。

The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems. 诗人在他诗歌中把他的情人比作玫瑰花。

Compared to our small apartment, our uncle‘s house seemed like a palace. 跟我们的小公寓相比，叔叔的房子就像宫殿一般。 [高考示例] [2006浙江卷5]

When ______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared .答案C。

3. mean vt, vi 不规则变化: meant, meant 现在分词meaning

词义：意思是; 决定; 注定; 关系重大

必记搭配： mean sth/ doing sth 意思是；意味着

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mean to do 决定干….. be meant to do 照道理/应该

mean /much/a great deal/ little/ nothing 有意义/重要/不算什么 例：I mean the red one, not the green one. 我是指那个红的，不是绿的。

The dark clouds mean rain. 乌云是下雨的征兆。 I won‘t wait if it means delaying more than a week. 如果这意味着耽误一个多礼拜，那我就不等了。

I believe he is meant to be a soldier. 我相信他天生是要当军人的。

My friends mean a lot to me. 我的朋友对我来说非常重要。 [高考示例] [2001NMET春招]

--- Why haven‘t you bought any butter? --- I ________ to but I forget about it. A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected

.答案C。 4. direct adv. adj.

[词 义] 径直地，中途不停地；直的，不偏不倚的

* direct用作副词时，意为“中途不停或转向”(=in a straight line, without stopping or turning aside)

[例] The next flight doesn‘t go direct to Rome, it goes by way of Paris.

下一个航班不直飞罗马，要途经巴黎。 He went direct to the railway station. 他直接去了车站。 directly用作副词时，除了表示空间上“径直地，中途不停地”之外，还表示时间上“马上，立刻”(=at once, immediately)，态度上“直率地，不转变抹角地”；并且可用作连词，意为“一?就?”。

[例] She drove directly to school. (空间上)

她直接开车到学校了。

He returned directly. (时间上) 他立刻就返回了。

She answered me very directly and openly. 她很直率坦诚地回答了我的问题。

She wrote me a letter directly she got there. (用作连词) 她一到那里就给我写了一封信。 5. majority n. 多数（人），大部分人 [形 容 词] major [反 义 词] minority

[必记搭配] in the majority

[例] The majority are in favour of the plan.

多数人赞同这个计划。

In the nursing profession, women are in a / the majority. 女性在护理行业中占多数。

6. widely adv. 广泛地，在很大范围，大大地

[派 生 词] wide a. 宽，阔；adv. 广阔，宽大，睁得大大的 widen v. 加宽 widespread a. 传播很广的 width n. 宽度

*用作副词时widely表程度上的宽，广泛；wide表具体距离上的宽。 [例] It is not widely known that he is a writer.

他作为一名作家还不广为人知。

She opened the door wide so that the room was lighter. 她把门打得很开，以便屋子更明亮。 [联 想] highly （抽象）高度地

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high （具体）高高地 deeply （抽象）深深地 deep （具体）很深 closely （抽象）密切地 close （具体）靠近 7. communicate vi. vt 交流，传递，表达；过去式，过去分词：-d, -d; 现在分词communicating [派 生 词] communication n. 交流，交通 [必记搭配] communicate with 与?交流

[例] We can communicate with people in most parts of the world by telephone.

通过电话我们可以与世界上大部分地区的人取得联系。 The purpose of language is communication. 语言的目标是交际。 8. however adv. 然而

[同/近义词] but conj. 然而

however与but同义，但however一般用作副词，常有逗号将其与其他成分隔开；but是连词，其后直接接一个句子。

[例] Jane, however, was enjoying herself thoroughly.

然而简却玩得十分开心。

There will still be difficulties, but they can be overcome. 尽管还会有困难，但是这些困难会被克服的。 9. replace vt. 放回原处，归还(=return)；代替(=take the place of)；过去式，过去分词：-d, -d;

现在分词：replacing

[例] All the books must be replaced on the shelves.

所有的书必须放回书架上去。

Can anything replace a mother‘s love and care? 有什么东西可以取代母爱？

短语储存

1. for the first time 第一次，首次 [联想] the first time * for the first time是介词短语作状语 the first time是名词短语，常用作连词，后跟一个从句。 [例] They met each other there for the first time.

他们第一次在那里见了面。

The first time I met Hanse I knew that he was an honest man. 我第一次见到汉斯时就认为他是一个诚实的人。 2. all the way 全程，一路上，自始至终地(=the whole way) [联想] on one‘s / the way to 在路上，即将成为? by the way 顺便说/问一下 in one‘s / the way 妨碍，挡路 in a way / in some ways 在某种程度上，从某种意义上说 by way of 经办，取道，为了? give way 让步，崩塌，让路 give way to 让位给 make one‘s way 前行 lose one‘s way 迷路 feel one‘s way 摸索着前进 push one‘s way 推进 go out one‘s way (to do sth) 特意，专门去做

[例] Jack climbed all the way to the top of the mountain though he is a boy of twelve.

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尽管杰克只是一个12岁的孩子，他是一路自己登上山顶的。 3. make yourself at home 别客气，随意，不要拘束 [联想] be / feel at home 随便，自由自地

[例] Do sit down by the fire and make yourself at home

请务必在火旁坐下来，不必拘束。 4. get it 了解，明白，听懂

[联想] make it 成功，及时到达

[例] I don‘t get it; why did he say such things to her?

我不明白；他为什么会对她说这种事情呢？ 5. in total 总计，加起来 [联想] in all 总计，总共 altogether 总计，总共

[例] The cost of the various repairs amounts in total to just over a hundred pounds.

各项维修费用加起来总计超过一百英镑。

There were twenty persons in all present at the party. 参加晚会的共有20人。 6. the number of ?的数目 [联想] a number of 许多? * the number of后接复数名词，此短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

a number of后接复数名词，谓语动词亦用复数形式

[例] The number of the students in our school is increasing every year.

我校学生的人数每年在增加。

A number of books are missing from the library every year. 每年图书馆总会丢失很多书。

7. bring in 获利；赚；引进

联想： bring about 引起；使发生 bring down 降低…的价格

bring forth 生产；生（孩子）

bring forward 把?提前

bring on 引起；导致

bring out 生产；制造；使显露; 出版 bring up 教育；养育；呕吐 [高考示例] .（05重庆24）

His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has ______ many good changes in their lives

A. got through B. resulted from C. turned into D. brought about

.答案D。句意：让家人一周聚餐一次，他的这个想法已经给他们的生活带来了许多好的变化，而起初似乎很难实现。get through“通过”； result from“由 造成”，后接原因； turn into“变成”，都不合题意；bring about导致，带来，后接结果，合题意。 8. come about 发生，产生，造成 [联想] happen 发生 take place 发生，举行 break out 发生，爆发 occur 发生，出生

[例] How did these differences come about?

这些差异是怎么产生的？

Sometimes it‘s hard to tell how a quarrel comes about. 有时真的还难说清一场争吵是怎样产生的。 [典题示例] (2006·湖北卷)

It‘s already 10 o‘clock. I wonder how it ______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.

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A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up 答案：C

解析：come about产生，发生。 (2005·江西卷)

Please tell me how the accident ______. I am still in the dark. A. came by B. came upon C. came to D. came about 答案：D

解析：come about意为“发生，产生”。 9. end (up) with 以?(方式)结束 [联想] close with 以?结束 begin with 以?开始 start with 以?开始 end (up) as 最后成了? end up in 在?中结束

[例] The party ended up with the singing of Auld Lang Syne.

晚会以合唱“友谊地久天长”结束。

He tried several jobs and ended up as a lawyer. 他尝试过几份职业，最后成了一名律师。

If you go on doing that kind of thing you will end up in prison. 如果你还做这种事，你一定会终老牢狱的。 10. more or less 或多或少，大约

（1）表程度(=somewhat; almost)，译为“或多或少”；“在一定程度上”。 （2）表数量(=about)，常位于数词之后，译为“大约”。 [例] We hope our explanation will prove more or less helpful.

希望我们的说明或多或少有些帮助。

Today they covered 60 kilometres, more or less. 今天他们走了60公里左右。

句型透视

1. What is it that Joe can‘t find in the bathroom? 在盥洗室里乔找不到的东西到底是什么？

本句是强调句型：It is +强调部分+that从句。本句型用于强调句中的除开谓语之外的某一成分，如主语、宾语或状语。

[例] I met Peter yesterday in the library.

我昨天在图书馆里碰到了彼得。

It was I that / who met Peter yesterday in the party. (强调主语) 是我在昨天图书里碰到彼得的。

It was Peter that / who / whom I met yesterday in the library. (强调宾语) 我昨天在图书馆里碰到的是彼得。

It was yesterday that I met Peter in the library. (强调时间状语) 我是在昨天图书馆里碰到彼得的。

It was in the library that I met Peter yesterday. (强调地点状语) 我是在图书馆里碰到彼得的。 强调句型应注意的要点：

①强调句中的连接词一般只用who(指人)，强调主句，whom(指人，强调宾语)或that(指物或人)；若被强调的是状语，只能用that，而不能用when或者where；连接词不能省略。

②强调句子的主语时，that或who之后的谓语动词的人称和数要与它前面被强调的名词或代词一致。

[例] It is Mary who often comes to school late. 是玛丽上学经常迟到。

③判断是否是强调句的一般方法是：如果将句中的It is / was … that / who …去掉，经整理后还是一个完整的句子，本句就是强调句。否则，不是。

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[例] It was in today‘s newspaper that we found the news. 他是在今天的报纸上打到那条新闻的。

去掉It was … that后，句子可以整理为：We found the news in today‘s newspaper. 这是一个完整的句子，故本句是强调句。

强调句型的常见考法：

①用介词短语来作为被强调的部分。

[例] It was for this reason that he left the company. 正是因为此原因他才离开公司。

It was in this way that he solved the problem. 正是用这种办法他才解决了问题。

②用时间状语从句、条件状语从句等作为强调的部分

[例] It was only when I reread his poems that I began to appreciate their beauty. 我在重读了他的诗歌之后才开始欣赏到这些诗歌的美。

③用not until结构作为被强调的部分。

[例] It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. 直到她取下眼镜之后我才意识到她是一位影星。

④在被强调的部分后接定语从句，使句子结构更加复杂。 [例] It was on July 5th, 1980 when he was born that his father died. 他是在1980年7月5日即其父亲去世的那一天出生的。

⑤通过句型转换来进行考查。如把肯定句改成一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，或把肯定句改成否定句或否定疑问句等。

[例] Was it during the Second World War that he died? 他是在二战期间去世的吗？

When was it that the sports meeting began? 运动会什么时候开始？

It was not Tom that stole the book. 不是汤姆偷了书。

Wasn‘t it he that had made a mistake? 难道不是他犯了错误的吗？

⑥通过改变系动词的形式来进行考查。强调句型的系动词除了用is或was外，还可以在其前面加上may / might / must等表示推测的情态动词。 [例] It might be him that you met yesterday.

你昨天遇到的或许是他。 [高考示例]

1. I just wonder ___ that makes him so excited. (06山东卷32) A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 答案D。

2. ---______ that he managed to get the information? ---Oh, a friend of his helped him (05山东卷31)

A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 答案.C。

2. With so many people communicating in English every day, we can see that it will be more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.

每天有这么多的人用英语交流，我们可以看出掌握英语是越来越重要。

“with +宾语+宾补”是with引起的复合结构，常用作原因或伴随状语，也可作定语。 除了可以用现在分词形式作宾补外，根据宾补与宾语的关系，还有以下形式： with +宾语+形容词 with +宾语+副词 with +宾语+介词短语 with +宾语+过去分词

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with +宾语+动词不定式

[例] He fell asleep with the window open.

他睡着了却没有关窗子。

He was working there with only a shirt on. 他只穿一件衬衫在那里干活。

The policeman was running after the robber, with a gun in his hand. 警察手里拿着一把枪在追抢劫犯。

With my homework finished, I went out to play football. 作业写完后，我去出踢足球。

With nothing to do, I went out for a walk.

由于没有什么事情可做，我便到外面去散步。 [典题示例] (2007·安徽卷)

John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished 答案：A

解析：with sth. done为独立主格，作伴随状语。

3. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.

然而，在多数时间里，英国人和美国人都能容易地相互听懂对方所说的话。

常用句型have / find / there be + (any / some / no / much, etc.) difficulty (in) doing sth / with sth.表示“做某事有??的困难”，其中difficulty通常用单数形式。 [例] We have no difficulty (in) dealing with the matter.

我们处理此事没有困难。

He found some difficulty in finishing the task / with the task on time. 他发现按时完成任务有些困难。

本短语中difficulty也可替换成trouble，均为不可数名词。后接名词时，常用介词with。

4. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed.

长期以来，美国英语保持原状，但英国英语却发生了变化。 此句中的while意为“而；然而”，表示转折对比。

[例] He always stays the calm while his brother gets excited easily.

他总是很平静，而他弟弟却很容易激动。

There‘s plenty of rain in the southeast, while there‘s little in the northeast. 东南部雨量充足，而东北部则很少下雨。

Some people waste food while others haven‘t enough. 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。 You like sports, while I prefer music. 你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。

( 1 )在作“然而”解时，while句子不能放在前面。while和but有所不同，while用于对比，but表示转折；在用同一个主语表达不同动作并进行转折时应用but，不用while来表示转折。下面两句均不能用while。

[例] He is not a scientist, but a musician.

他不是科学家，而是音乐家。 I like sports but don‘t like music. 我喜欢体育而不喜欢音乐。

( 2 ) while 引导让步状语从句时，意为“尽管； 虽然”。

[例] While I don‘t have much money, I would like to help the people who need help. [典题示例]

1. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall ______, in fact, there were 40. (06·全国)

A. while B. whether C. what D. with 答案：A

解析：while此处表转折，意为“然而”。

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The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ______ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. (2006·天津) A. since B. when C. as D. while 答案：D

解析：将生活开支与生活质量进行对比。

2. ______ I really don‘t like art, I find his work impressive. (07·山东卷)

A. As B. Since C. If D. While 答案：D

解析：while引出让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，此处while不表转折，而表让步。 3. I‘d like to study law at university ______ my cousin prefers geography. (07·四川卷)

A. though B. as C. while D. for 答案：C

解析：while表示对比转折，意为“然而”。

4. I won‘t call you _______ something unexpected happens. (07·全国卷I) A. unless B. whether C. because D. while 答案：A

解析：考查连词的用法，unless意为“如果不?，除非?”。即：如果没有意外之事，我不给你打电话了。whether意为“是否”；because表原因，意为“因为”；while表时间等，意为“当?之时”，皆不合题意。

课后综合训练

I．单项填空（1×20=20‘）

1. He jumped ______ at the sports meeting and was ______ praised by his teacher. A. high; high B. highly; highly C. high; highly D. highly; high 2. ―Goodbye,‖ then she said, without even ______ from her book. A. looking down B. looking up C. looking away D. looking on 3. Someone once compared the parks of London ______ the lungs of the human body. A. with B. to C. for D. as 4. The sound was a ______ for everyone to leave the building. A. signal B. sign C. sight D. mark

5. There are a great many people on the playground. Some are standing still, ______ others are walking about. A. where B. when C. while D. but 6. It is the first time that he ______ to join us in a research. (2007·郑州质检) A. agree B. agreed C. has agreed D. will agree 7. If you know anything ______ about it, you should tell us. A. in all B. at all C. of all D. for all

8. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ______ take care of your luggage. (2007·北京卷) A. can B. may C. must D. will 9. The ______ of the students in our school are from this city. A. most B. majority C. much D. many 10. Owing to bad management, this company fell into a difficult ______. A. condition B. state C. situation D. position

11. With the capital ______ to greet even more people from around the world, Beijing is doing its best

to make herself more open. (2007·海淀期中) A. prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. prepares 12. It is said that the earth is becoming warmer and warmer. How does this ______? A. come from B. come about C. come across D. come down 13. The number of people invited _____ thirty, but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons.

A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were

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14. I know nothing about the gentleman ______ he is from the South. A. except of B. except for C. except that D. besides 15. I was ______ tired after the trip; thus I went to bed without having dinner with them. A. now and then B. sooner or later C. here and there D. more or less 16. The ______ on his face told me that he was angry. (2006·湖北卷) A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression 17. The government aims to improve public _____, especially education and health care. A. behaviors B. products C. assistances D. services 18. I don‘t understand what you‘re talking about. Would you ______ yourself a little. A. express B. excuse C. explain D. say 19. The officer communicated his order ______ the men by radio. A. to B. on C. in D. for 20. He ______ the experiment several times to prove his conclusion to be sound. A. exchange B. repeat C. publish D. compare II．介、副词填空(1‘×15=15‘)

21. It‘s raining hard, ______, he still wants to go there. 22. Jack is a good man ______ ______ his bad temper. 23. Mr. Brown, please return the key ______ the front door. 24. He was elected ______ a majority of 5,000.

25. Many foreign words have come ______ the language.

26. ______ the teacher‘s help, our English has improved a lot recently.

27. With so many people communicating ______ English every day, it will become more and more

important to have a good knowledge of English. 28. Is there anything that isn‘t clear ______ you?

29. Would you please speak quietly _______ the phone?

30. An equal number of people learn English ______ a second language. 31. The most difficult challenge ______ Chuck is how to survive. 32. My dear, I‘ve been hunting _______ you everywhere.

33. How did it come ______ that he fell off the tree and broke his legs? 34. He was ______ praised for his brave deeds at the meeting. 35. What other subjects do you learn ______ English and maths? IV. 完形填空( 2×20=40 )

I was very disappointed not to be able to go to the jazz concert last Friday. The advertisement in the paper 36 that you could buy tickets at the theatre box in Richland Hills any day 37 10:00 and 4:00. Since I work from 9:00 to 5:30, the 38 time I could go to the theatre was during my 45-minute lunch break. 39 , the theatre is on the other side of the town, and the bus 40 between my office and Richland Hills is not very good. But if you are lucky, you can 40 the round trip in 45 minutes. Last Monday, I stood at the bus stop for fifteen minutes 40 the bus. By the time I saw one come 43 the corner, there was not enough time left to make the trip. So I 44 and went back to the office. The same thing happened on Tuesday, 45 again the next day. On Thursday, my 46 changed. I got on a bus right away and 47 at the theatre in exactly twenty minutes. When I got there, 48 , I found a long line of people at the box office. I heard one man say he had been waiting 49 for over an hour. Realizing I would not have enough time to wait in line, I 50 the next bus and headed back across the town. By Friday I 51 my only hope was to make the trip by taxi it was expensive, but I felt it would be 52 hearing the concert. The trip by taxi only took 10 minutes, but it 53 an hour to me. When I got to the theatre, I was 54 to see that nobody was waiting in line. The reason, however, I quickly 55 , was that they had already sold all the tickets. 36. A. asked B. said C. announced D. explained 37. A. at B. since C. between D. from 38. A. good B. correct C. right D. only 39. A. unfortunately B. anyway C. certainly D. therefore 40. A. line B. service C. driver D. conductor 41. A. get B. make C. finish D. meet 42. A. longing for B. looking for C. waiting for D. asking for 43. A. on B. in C. at D. around

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44. A. gave up B. gave in C. gave back D. gave out 45. A. but B. and C. yet D. so 46. A. life B. thought C. luck D. plan 47. A. arrived at B. found out C. came across D. met with 48. A. besides B. however C. likewise D. otherwise 49. A. in person B. in addition C. in line D. in turn 50. A. stopped B. met C. followed D. caught 51. A. realized B. recognized C. received D. regarded 52. A. comfortable B. worth C. pleasant D. agreeable 53. A. would like B. should like C. felt like D. would love 54. A. relaxed B. reported C. related D. relieved 55. A. discovered B. recognized C. explored D. expected IV.阅读理解( 2×2.5=10)

If you want to live longer and lower the risk of heart disease, a move to the mountains may help. Research by scientists in Greece show that mountain dwelling is good for the heart and longevity. People living at higher altitude have lower odds of dying from heart disease than those closer to sea level, even if they have factors that could increase their risk. ―Residence in mountainous areas seems to have a ?protective effect‘ from total and coronary mortality,‖ said Dr Nikos Baibas of the University of Athens. He and his colleagues suspect that the increased exercise from walking up mountainous terrain gives the heart a good workout and enables it to cope with lower levels of oxygen. Researchers studied the health records and death rates of 1,150 Greeks who lived in three villages near Athens over 15 years. One village was 1,000 metres above sea level and the other two were in low-lying areas. Although men and women living in the mountainous village had higher blood pressure rates and other risk factors than people in the other village, they had a lower rate of death from heart disease and other causes after a 15 year follow-up. ―The contrast was more evident among men than among women,‖ Baibas added in a report in the Journal of Epidemiology(流行病学) and Community Health. Heart disease is one of the world‘s top killers. Smoking, high blood pressure, raised cholesterol(高胆固醇) levels, being overweight or obese and a family history of the illness increase the odds of developing the disease.

56. The underlined word ―odds‖ in this passage in most near in meaning to ______. A. function B. probability C. trend D. danger

57. Scientists believe that mountain living is good for heart and health mainly because ______. A. people can take in fresh air B. people get shocks or surprises C. the heart can get enough exercise D. oxygen in mountains is lower

58. From the passage we know that those who‘re easily suffering from high blood pressure rates are ______.

A. people living at higher altitude B. people living at lower altitude C. people living in big cities D. people living by the sea 59. It seems that the writer of this passage is ______. A. troubled as where to live B. suffering from a bad heart disease C. in doubt about mountain living D. in favour of mountain living

V.书面表达（1 × 25= 25 ） 书面表达

据报载，日前北方某知名作家走上街道，公开乞讨。 其原因是他没有象其同事一样坐班，领导便停发他的工资。

请以―作家要不要坐班‖为题，写一篇字数约100字

的英语短文，简述其事并发表自己的看法。(文章开头已给)。

It is reported that a well-known whiter went to the street begging

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案

课前热身 I．单词拼写

1. communication 2. signal 3. majority 4. natives 5. expression 6. bathroom 7. closet 8. government 9. statement 10. international II．英汉互译 1. all the way 2. make yourself at home/ feel free 3. after a while/ moment 4. hurry up 5. make up 6. on the way back / on one‘s way back 7. walk the dog 8. an umbrella stand 9. more or less 10. stay up 11. 以?告终 12. 产生、发生 13. 总共，总计 14. 与?交流 15. 描述 16. 引进 17. 除开 18. 母语 19. 懂了，明白 20. 经历几个世纪 III．完成句子

1. have any difficulty (in) introducing yourself 2. with a lot of books in his hands 3. who it is I‘m talking to

4. most widely spoken and used in the world 5. ending up with different words

课后综合训练 I．单项填空

1. C high此处用作副词，表具体的高；highly表抽象概念“高度地”。 2. B look up此处意为“抬头看”。

3. B 句意为“有人曾把伦敦的公园比作是人类躯体中的肺。”compare … to … 意为“把?比作是”；而compare … with意为“把?与?相比”，往往是同一类别的东西进行比较。 4. A signal意为“信号”；sign意为“标志”；sigh意为“视觉，视力，视域”等；mark意为“斑点，痕迹”。

5. C while此处表对比，转折，意为“而”。 6. C time的前面加序数词时，其后的从句应用完成式形式，若主句为It is the first / second … time that …时，从句用现在完成时；若主句为It was the first / second … time that …时，从句用过去完成时。

7. B in all表示“总计”，of all表示“在所有的当中”，for all表示“对于所有的”，at all用于条件句时，表示“（如果）真的，确实”。

8. C 句意为：在一些拥挤的地方，诸如机场，火车站，你一定要照看好你的行李。 9. B majority是名词，其前常加冠词；most是代词或形容词，其前一般不加冠词。 10. C fall into a difficult situation陷入困难的状况。situation意为“处境，境况”。

11. B 现在分词preparing作宾补，宾补与宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系；with引起的是独立结构，在句中用作状语。

12. B come about为不及物动词短语，意为“发生”；come from意为“来自”；come across意为“（偶然）碰到，找到”；come down意为“下降，跌价，垮”。

13. C the number of …作主语时，谓语用单数；a number of …作主语时，谓语用复数形式。 14. C 空白处后是一个句子，应用except that；A项是错误的搭配；B、D两项是介词，其

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后应跟名词（短语）。

15. D more or less此处意为“或多或少，多少有点”；now and then意为“不时地”；sooner or later意为“迟早有一天”；here and there意为“到处，处处”。 16. D expression意为“表情”，即：他脸上的表情告诉我他很愤怒。 17. D service意为“服务”，public service意为“公共服务”。

18. C explain oneself为固定搭配，意为“解释自己的意思，解释（为什么会有某种情况的发生）”。

19. A communicate … to意为“将?传达给（某人）”。 20. B repeat此处意为“重做(=do … again)”。 II．介、副词填空 21. however 22. except for 23. to / of 24. by 25. into 26. With 27. in 28. to 29. on / over 30. as 31. for 32. for 33. about 34. highly 35. besides IV．完形填空

36. B say可用于表示“书面材料”写道，说。即：报纸上谈及此事，不是“问”或“宣布”，也不是“解释”。

37. C 售票时间是“介于”上升10点到下午4点之间；若选D项，应为“from … to …”。 38. D “唯一的”时间，即：因为要上班，别无选择。 39. A “不幸的是”，剧院在市区的那一头。

40. B 而公汽的“营运情况”又不太理想，此处service指公汽所提供的服务，含时间，行程安排等。

41. B make此处意为“完成，走过(多少路程)”(=travel (a distance, and arrive at / in some place)，即“你若幸运的话，会在45分钟之内完成往返的路程”。 42. C “等候”车的到来。

43. D around the corner意为“拐过街角”（进入视域）。 44. A give up意为“放弃”，即放弃去购票的打算；B项give in意为“屈服，屈从”。 45. B and表递进关系，又一次。

46. C “运气”好转了，luck意为“运气”，即：很容易地搭上了车。

47. A “来到”了剧院。因是本地人，此处不宜用found out表“找到，发现”。 48. B otherwise意为“然而”，表转折关系。 49. C 此处指排队：wait in line。

50. D catch a bus为固定搭配，意为“搭车”。 51. A realized意为“意识到，明白”某道理。 52. B worth为形容词，意为“值得的”。 53. C feel like意为“感觉像是”。

54. D relieved意为“放心的，宽慰的”。即看到没有人在等候买票，感到这一次不用花时间排队，于是便“如释重负”。 55. A 不久却“发现”票已买完。 IV.阅读理解：

56．B 此处“odds”意为“可能性”。

57．C 文章说到：He and his colleagues suspect that the increased exercise from walking up mountainous terrain gives the heart a good workout and enables it to cope with lower levels of oxygen. 即：通过在山区的攀爬的“强化训练”人的心脏得到了很好的锻炼，因此能够应对空气含氧量低的情况。从此句可知：含氧量低不好，D项错；而A、B两项文中没有谈及。

58．A 文章告诉我们：科研人员对三个村庄进行了15年的跟踪观察，得到的结论是：Although men and women living in the mountainous village had higher blood pressure rates and ?，可知居在高处的人血压比其它两个村子里的人高。

59．D 本题考查作者的写作态度，第一句话就已表明：倘若你想活得久一点，同时降低心脏病的危险，搬到山里去是个不错的主意。且全篇都是讲述山居益寿的道理。因此D为正确选项。

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V.书面表达

作文点拨

审题：本篇写作属于半开放性作文(semi-controlled writing)，通过阅读文字说明和漫画，要求考生先简述某作家公开乞讨这一社会现象，然后根据这一现象发表自己的看法。

文章的大纲：1．简述其事；2．自己的看法。

文章的要点：1．作家乞讨；2．乞讨的原因：a. 没有坐班；b. 领导不发工资；c. 自己的看法：可能是赞成作家的做法: 作家坐班会扼杀其创造性思维；可能是反对作家的做法：应遵守纪律; 可能是反对这一体制: 作家不应圈养，应走向市场等。

文章的基调：1．文体：记叙文/ 议论文；2．人称：第三人称（记述其事），第一人称（发表看法）；3．时态，一般过去时（记事），一般现在时（发表看法）

侧重：两个方面记事与发表看法不可有失偏颇，记事是基础，发表看法是升华。因此，文章最少应分二段来写。

possible version:

It is reported that a well-known whiter went to the street begging because of his unpaid salary caused by his not working in the office. It caused the widespread concern whether writers need to be in office or at home to do the writing.

Even though opinions differ, I want to speak out my voice. Well, I prefer the ideas writers should stay at home. For one thing, the good writing is the production of inspiration which can be spoiled by staying in the office doing nothing at all. For another thing. to stay at the office getting the same salary every month can somehow encourage laziness.

Considering every factor offered above, I think it is high time that we regarded the phenomenon as a sign to take measures to help the writers enjoy the freedom writing at home providing us wonderful works.

附：湖北题： I. 多项选择（红体）

II．介、副词填空（红体） III. 完成句子 ( 1×1.5=15 )

21. Jim overslept and was late for school this morning. He must _________(熬夜) last night. (stay)

22. It is necessary for us to ________(掌握好英语) since China is now a member of WTO. (knowledge)

23. In the past ten years, the Chinese language ____________(已吸收了) some words from the English

language. (take)

24. ___________________(因为钱被偷), the young man couldn‘t take a bus home. (with)

25. Do you know the difficulty _______________________(理解什么是生态旅游)? (understand) 26 _________(关掉) the radio—the baby is sleeping in the next room. (turn)

27. For a long time the language in America _________________(保持不变) while the language in England changed. (stay)

28. Never make fun of the disabled people. ___________________(记住这一点) forever. (keep) 29. International trade ____________________(起重要作用) in this small country. (part) 30. I thought her nice and honest _________________(第一次) I met her. (time)

III. 完成句子

21. have stayed up late must + have + done形式表示对已发生之事的推测；stay up为固定搭配，意为“熬夜”。

22. have a good knowledge of 此处knowledge是抽象名词具体化，表“对?掌握”时，knowledge前应加不定冠词，即：have a knowledge of …

23. has taken in 句中有时间状语in the past ten years要求句子谓语动词用现在完成时；take

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in此处为固定搭配，意为“吸引，引进”。

24. With his money stolen 考查with引起的独立结构，宾语与宾补之间为被动关系，因此，应用过去分词作宾补。

25. (in) understanding what eco-travel means have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth为固定句式，其中difficulty / trouble为不可数名词，不可用复数形式。 26. Turn down

注意，应用动词原形，这是一个祈使句。4. has developed into 注意时态，应用现在完成时。 27. has stayed the same

stay此处是系动词，并注意时态的运用。 28. keep this in mind

keep sth in mind是固定搭配，意为“牢记”，类似的表达还有：carry / bear sth in mind。 29. plays / played / has played an important part play a part in意为“在?中起作用”，亦可用作play a role in。 30. the first time

time first time是名词短语起连词的作用；此处不可用for the first time, for the first time是 介词短语作状语，不可连词化。

Unit 3 Going Place

(Senior 1A)

课前基础热身 I. 单词拼写

1. Jane and her family are on v________; they have gone to Hawaii.

2. Camels used to be the principal means of t________ in the Arabian countries. 3. The s________ is sitting in its web eating a fly it has caught. 4. It was the first time that she had e________ the sense of beauty.

5. A good sleeping bag is an essential part of every camper‘s e________. 6. We travel from our starting point to our ________(目的地).

7. The discovery of the North Pole was an ________(惊险的) undertaking. 8. I trust you to behave ________(负责地) while I‘m out.

9. The ________(小溪) runs down from the hill and flows into the river. 10. Some plants have ________(有毒的) roots or fruit. II．英汉互译 1. 交通方式 2. 接近大自然 3. 避寒 4. 当心危险 5. 几天后 6. 另一方面 7. 以?名义 8. 救生衣 9. 现代化设备

10. 寻求一种非凡的经历 11. similarities and differences 12. boarding calls 13. see sb off

14. be on separate holidays 15. pass away 16. take exercise

17. protect oneself from the sun 18. poisonous plants

19. combine normal tourism with learning

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20. basic skills

III. 完成句子（用括号所给的词语或要求完成下列句子）

1. What do you have to consider before you__________________(决定哪种交通工具) you will use? (means)

2. Many of today‘s travelers want to ____________________ (从旅游中享受到新的体验) and some of them wish to have an adventure. ( experience )

3. _________________________ ,(而不是坐在公共汽车里),in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking. (spend)

4. _______________________(要当心一些危险物), such as spiders, snakes or poisonous plants.

( watch )

5. Imagine that you have a machine____________________(能让你沿着时间的征程旅行)

(定语从句)

课内重点剖析 单词点睛

1.consider vt. 过去式和过去分词：-ed,-ed； 现在分词 -ing 词 义： 考虑；认为 同/近义词： think about/of

派生词： considerable adj. 相当多/大的；值得考虑的

considerably adv. 在很大程度上；相当大地 considerate adj. 体贴的；替他人着想的 consideration n. 体谅，考虑；关心 considered adj. 经过仔细考虑的；受尊重的 considering prep./conj. 考虑到，就??而论

必记搭配： consider ? as? 认为或相信；把??看作

＋ sth/doing sth 考虑??

＋ thatclause 认为?? ＋ sb/ sth /( to be ) + n./adj. 认为?? +it + n./adj. + to do?/ that clause 认为??

例： He paused to consider thinking of it once again. 他停下来又想了想这件事。 We all consider him to be our monitor. 我们都认为他是我们的班长。

They consider the critical period is not over. 他们认为困难时期还没有过去。

I don‘t consider Mrs Lee (as, to be) my best friend. 我没有把李先生当作最好的朋友。

I consider it a great honor to have the chance to speak here. 我认为有机会在此发言是极大的荣幸。

[典题示例]

2．means n. 单复数同形 词 义：方法，手段

同/近义词： way, method, approach

必记搭配： by means of 用??,依靠??

by all means 当然，一定 by any means 在某种程度上 by no means 一点也不，决不

have no/any means ＋of doing有/无法做??

例： Taking a plane is the quickest means of getting there. 坐飞机去那儿最快。 We have no means of finding out the truth. 我们无法找到真相。

Could you by any means lend me some money? 你能想办法借点钱给我吗？ [典题示例]

I have offered to pain the house ______ a week‘s accommodation. (07·山东卷) A. in exchange for B. with regard to C. by means of D. in place of

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答案：A

解析：句意为：我粉刷这座房子做为一周食宿的交换。in exchange for意为“交换”；with regard to意为“关于”；by means of意为“借助于”；in place of意为“代替，取代”。 3. prefer vt. /vi.过去式和过去分词: -red, -red; 现在分词: preferring 词 义：宁愿; 喜欢

派生词： preference n. 喜欢；趋向

preferable adj. 更称心的，更适宜的

同/近义词：like,love, would like to do 必记搭配：＋ doing 想做??,宁愿去做??

＋ to do sth 想/宁愿去做?? ＋ n./pron. 更喜欢?? + that sb should do… 情愿??，更愿??

必记搭配：prefer doing to doing 宁愿做??而不去做??

prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做??而不去做?? prefer sth to sth 比起??更喜欢??

例： I prefer tea to coffee. 比起咖啡，我更喜欢茶。

Tom prefers playing football to going to the movies. 汤姆喜欢踢足球而不喜欢看电影。

We prefer to stay inside rather than go shopping on such a cold day. 在这么冷的天，我们宁愿呆在家里，也不愿去购物。

4. experience n/ vt. /vi.. 过去式和过去分词: -d, -d;现在分词: -cing 词 义： 经验；经历，体会

派生词：experienced adj. 有经验的 同/近义词：practice 必记搭配：：have an experienced eye 有眼光，看得准

have experience in/be experienced in 在??方面有经验

例：He is very experienced in money matters. 他是处理金融事务的老手。

During this hiking, I deeply experienced the beauty of nature. 在这次远足活动中，我深深地感受到了大自然的美丽。 Experience is the mother of value. 经验是智慧之母。 I shall never forget the experiences we ever shared. 我永远也不会忘记我们过去一起经历的事情。 [典题示例]

The travel on horseback was ___________ to me. (01湖北) A. experienced B. quite experience C. very experience D. quite an experience 答案D

5. equipment n. 无复数形式

词 义： 装备，装置

派生词：equip vt.过去式和过去分词: -ped, -ped; 现在分词: -ping 必记搭配： a piece of equipment 一件设备

be equipped with 配备，使具备 be well equipped 装备精良

例：The shop sells tents and other camping equipment. 这家商店出售帐篷和其他野营用具。

The army is well equipped. 部队装备精良。

6. separate vt. /vi. 过去式和过去分词：-d, -d; 现在分词：-ting 词 义： 使分开；分离；分开

各自的；分开的；独自的adj.

派生词： separately adv. 独立地；独自地

separated adj 分开的；分离的 separation n. 分开；分离

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必记搭配：separate?from 把??与??分开 例： They sat at separate tables.

他们坐在不同的餐桌旁。

They went home separately after the party. 晚会后他们就各自回家了。

Bob will separate the bad apples from the good ones. 鲍勃会把坏苹果和好苹果分开的。

We didn‘t separate until midnight. 我们直到午夜才分手。 [典题示例]

Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _______ one-year-old twins at the head. (2004上海) A. isolated B. separated C. divided D. removed 答案B

7. normal a.

[词 义] 正常的

[同/近义词] usual, regular, ordinary, customary [派 生 词] normally adv. 正常地 normalize, vt & vi (使)正常化 [必记搭配] normal university 师范大学 bring … back to normal 使?恢复正常 above / below normal 高于/低于常态 [例] This heavy traffic is normal for this time of day.

这种繁忙的交通现象在一天的这个时候很正常。

It‘s perfectly normal for people to have different opinions about people and things. 对人们来说对人和事有不同的观点是正常的。 He behaved normally in spite of anxiety. 尽管忧虑，他表现得很正常。

Relations were slow to normalize after the quarrel. 吵架之后关系很难正常化。 [典题示例]

(1) A new ______ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. (07·天津卷)

A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common 答案：C 解析：句意为：一条通往天津机场的新的定期的公交服务线路已于两个月前开始运营。Regular此处意为“有规律的，定期的”。normal正常的；usual平时的；common常见的，共同的。

(2) Letterboxes are much more ______ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a

mailbox

instead. (06·浙江卷) A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual

答案：A

解析：句意为：信箱在英国比在美国常见得多。common意为“常见的，普通的，共同的”；normal意为“正常的”；ordinary意为“一般的，不特别的”；usual意为“通常的，不例外的”。 8. nature n.

[词 义] 自然，大自然（不可数）；天性，性格；特性，性质（可数，不可数） [派 生 词] natural a. 自然的，天然的，天生的 good-natured a. 天性善良的 bad-natured a. 脾气坏的 naturally adv. 当然，自然地，天生地 [必记搭配] be in one‘s nature 是?的本性

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by nature 天生地 in the nature of 按?的本性 get close to nature 亲近大自然 go against nature 违背自然规律 [例] You cannot go against nature.

人们不能违背自然规律。 Custom is second nature. 习惯是第二天性。

Cats and dogs have entirely different nature. 猫与狗的天性绝然不同。

It‘s not in her nature to do anything rude; she‘s polite by nature. 她天生地有礼貌；她的本性是不会做任何粗鲁的事情。 It‘s natural for children to love their parents. 孩子爱父母是天生的。

She was too nervous to act naturally. 她太紧张，难免不自然。

9. combine vt. vi. n. 过去式，过去分词-d, -d; 现在分词combining [词 义] v. 联合，合并，把?结合起来 n. 联合企业，联合收割机

[派 生 词] combination n. 联合，结合（不可数）；结合体，联合组成（可数） [必记搭配] combine A with / and B 把?联合/结合起来 [例] The two countries combined together against their enemy.

两国联合起来对抗他们共同的敌人。

He combined his visit to England with a tour of Scotland. 他将其英国之行与到苏格兰观光合二为一。 The combination of yellow and blue forms green. 黄色与绿色混合之后就形成了青色。 10. effect n. vt

[词 义] n. 影响，效果，作用（可数，不可数）；vt. 实现，产生?结果 [派 生 词] effective a. 有效的，实际的 effectively adv. 有效地 effectiveness n. 效力，有效（不可数）

[必记搭配] have a good / bad effect on / upon 对?有好/坏的影响 be in effect 有效，生效 come / go into effect 生效 in effect 实际上 put / bring / carry … into effect 使?生效，实现 take effect 生效，开始起作用 to no effect 不起作用 to that effect 谈及这一点 without effect 没有作用

[例] This had a great effect upon the future of both mother and son.

这对母亲和儿子的未来都有很大的影响。 Some films have a misleading effect on children. 有些电影对儿童有不良影响。 短语储存

1. get away from 离开；逃离；摆脱 联想 : put away 把??收起来 take away from 剥夺；拿走 turn away 转身离去 right away 立刻，马上

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give away 背弃，泄露 break away from 逃脱；破除；脱离 call away 叫走，叫开 do away with 消灭，清除，破 [高考示例]

She always ______________ tiedness by listening to music. [2000上海] A. got away from B. gets away from C. went away D. goes away 答案B

2. get close to 靠近

* close是副词，指具体位置的靠近，不可用closely替换 [例] It is difficult to get close to the people trapped in the fire.

很难靠近困在大火里的人。

It was raining heavily. Jane felt cold, so she got close to her mother. 雨下得很大。简感到冷，所以紧靠着母亲。 3. watch out for 提防，当心，注意找寻

[联想] watch out (=look out) 当心，注意（后无宾语） look out for (=watch out for) 当心，注意（后有宾语） be on the watch / look-out for 提防，警惕，当心 keep a good watch for 提防，警惕，注意 be watchful for 注意 keep (a close) guard on 注意

[例] You‘ll get into trouble if you don‘t watch out.

如果你不当心，你会遇到麻烦的。 Watch out for a tall man in a black hat. 留意一位戴黑帽子的高个子男人。

When you‘re walking in the woods, you have to watch out for snakes. 当你在林中行走时，一定要提防蛇。

4. protect … from / against 保护?（使不受伤害）

[联想] guard … from / against 保护?（使不受伤害） shade … from / against 保护?（使不受伤害） stop … from 阻止/防止?做某事 keep … from 阻止/防止?做某事 prevent … from 阻止/防止?做某事

[例] We planted a lot of trees behind our house to protect it from cold winds.

我们在房后种了许多树，以保护房屋不受寒风的侵袭。 He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow. 他抬起手臂来保护脸部不受袭击。 5. as with 正如，和??一样

as with是一个固定短语，意为“就像?那样，正如?一样”，后接名词，相当于as is often the case with …或as it is the same with …。

联想： as for/to 关于，至于

as if/though 好像；仿佛 as it is 照现状

as yet 到目前（那时）为止 as well as 和，也一样

as well 和，也

[例]：As with any new skill, practice and hard work are always rewarded.

就像任何新的技能一样，多练习、勤用功总是会有回报的。 As with young birds, the time comes for the young to leave. 正像小鸟儿常有的情况那样，年轻人离家的时候到来了。 As with running, learning English needs will.

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正如跑步一样，学习英语需要意志。

[典题示例]

______ pandas, golden—haired monkeys are in danger of dying out in our country. (07·南京质检)

A. But for B. Except C. As with D. With 答案：C

解析：as with正如 6. see sb off 为?送行

[联想] send … for 为?送行 meet sb 迎接某人

[例] Are you coming to see us off at the station?

你会来车站送我们吗？

I went to the airport to send Mary off. 我到机场为玛丽送行。 [典题示例] John is leaving for London tomorrow and I will ______ him ______ at the airport. (05·广东卷) A. send; away B. leave; off C. see; off D. show; around 答案：C 解析：A项意为“打发?走”；Ｂ项意为“停止”；C项意为“为某人送行”；D项意为“带领某人参观”。句意为：约翰准备明天去伦敦，我将去机场为他送行。所以C项为正确答案。

7. be bad for 对?有害处

[联想] be bad to 对?不友好 be good to 对?很友善 be good for 对?有利 be good at 擅长 be bad at 不擅长 do good to 对?有好处 do harm to 对?有害 do wrong to 冤枉

[例] Smoking is certainly bad for the throat.

抽烟肯定对咽喉不好。

Too many sweets are bad for your teeth. 糖吃多了对你的牙齿不好。

8. on the other hand 另一方面；而，却 [联想] on (the) one hand 一方面 out of hand 失去控制 ask for one‘s hand 向?求婚 give one‘s hand 接受求婚 (at) second hand 间接地，通过第三者 at hand 在手边，在眼前 at the hands of 在?手中（受折磨等） by hand 手工（做的） from hand to hand 从一个人传到另一个 hand in hand 手牵手地，和?一道 have a hand in 参与 join hands 携手合作

[例] On the one hand I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his judgment.

一方面，我赞佩他的才华，但另一方面，我不相信他的判断。

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Father and mother wanted to go to the concert, the children, on the other hand, want to stay home and play with their friends.

父母亲都想去听音乐会，而孩子们却想呆在家里和朋友们一起玩。 [典题示例]

I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I‘m doing at the moment. (06·浙江卷) A. in other words B. on the other hand C. for one thing D. at a matter of fact

答案：B

解析：题干意为：我想找一份报酬高一点的工作，但另一方面，我又喜欢我正在从事的工作。on the other hand表转折关系，意为“另一方面”。in other words意为“换一句话说”；for one thing常与for another (thing)连用，意为“一则”，例如说，拿?来说吧；as a matter of fact意为“事实上”(=in fact)。

句型透视

1. Bring a cell phone if you have one. 如果有的话，可带上一部手机。

one在此指代前面的名词a cell phone，表泛指概念；若表特指概念时，前面要加定冠词the. [例] Have you any books on English poetry? I want to borrow one. (=a book on English poetry)

你们有关于英语诗歌的书吗？我想借一本。

This question is one of great importance. (=a question) 这是个很重要的问题。

有时，为了强调需要重复一个名词，这时常用one或the one来代替，用作前其名词的同位语。

[例] It was a great moment, one that I will never forget. (=a moment)

那是个伟大的时刻，一个我永远难忘的时刻。

Show me the red hat, please, the one hanging on the back wall. (=the hat) 给我看一看那顶红帽子，那顶挂在墙上的。

[典题示例]

(1) I prefer a flat in Inverness to ______ Perth, because I want to live near my Mom‘s. (05·天津卷)

A. one B. that C. it D. this 答案：A

解析：one此处是泛指上文的名词flat，相当于a flat。

(2) We‘ve been looking for houses but haven‘t found ______ we like yet. (05·浙江卷)

A. one B. ones C. it D. them 答案：A

解析：one此处泛指上文的名词house。

(3) Cars do cause us some health problems---- in fact far more serious ______ than mobile

phones do. A. one B. ones C. it D. those 答案：B

解析：指代上文中同类的事物中的一个用one，复数用ones，而it与those皆表特指。 2. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking.

也许不想在公共汽车上、旅馆里或海滩上度过假期，而是想尝试徒走旅行。 instead of“代替；而不是?”，常用在名词、代词、动名词前，有时甚至可用在不定式、形容词、副词或介词短语前。常有较灵活的译法。 [例] I have come instead of my brother. He is ill.

我代替我的兄弟来了。他生病了。

I stayed in bed all day instead of going to work. 我整天躺在床上而没有去工作。

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I think we should do our homework first instead of watching television. 我想我们应该做作业而不是看电视。

Instead of disturbing her, the news had a strangely calming effect. 这则消息没有打扰她，反而起到了一种意想不到的镇静作用。 Instead of giving the money to him, he gave it to me. 他没有把钱给他，而是给了我。

He studied in the evening instead of during the day. 他不在夜晚而是在白天学习。

The NATO bombing would make things there worse instead of better. 北约的轰炸将会使那里的事迹变得更糟而不是更好。 注：instead还可作副词，意为“代替；反而”，多用于句首或句尾。 [例] He is tired, let me go instead.

他累了，让我去吧。

It‘s too wet to go for a walk; let‘s go swimming instead. 地太湿不能去散步，那咱们去游泳吧。

She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。 [典题示例]

The open-air celebration has been put off ______ the bad weather. (07·浙江卷) A. in case of B. in spite of C. instead of D. because of 答案：D

解析：考查对句意的理解以及对短语用法的掌握。“因为天气不好，所以户外的庆祝会被取消了。”这里bad weather是原因，因此，选择D项。in case of意为“万一”；in spite of意为“尽管”；instead of意为“代替”。

课后综合训练

I．单项填空（1×20=20‘）

1. —I‘m going to the South to pay a visit to my uncle next week. —______.

A. See you later B. Good luck C. Have a good trip D. That‘s OK 2. —Why is Sue falling behind her classmates?

—She never studies. ______, she plays tennis all day. A. However B. Except C. Instead D. Anyway

3. ______ many other middle schools, our school pays more and more attention to English teaching. A. As B. As with C. As t o D. As for

4. I‘m trying to move my piano, but ______ trouble doing it by myself. Could you possibly come over and give me a hand? A. I‘d have B. I‘ve had C. I‘m having D. I was having 5. We all ______ the city library an important part of public service. A. consider B. regard C. look upon D. think of 6. The old professor has experience ______ knowledge. We all think highly of him. A. as well as B. as long as C. as far as D. as good as

7. It is hopeless trying to ______ your children from the harmful effects of television until the material improve. A. keep B. protect C. stop D. prevent

8. Don‘t ask him how he is because if he starts talking about his health, you‘ll never ______ from him.

A. get up B. get in C. get away D. get back 9. After the flood, the government made every effort to bring everything back to ______. A. common B. normal C. general D. ordinary 10. When crossing the street you must ______ the traffic.

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A. watch for B. watch over C. watch out D. watch out for 11. Can you tell me what you are ______ at present? A. considering to do B. considered to do C. considering doing D. considered doing

12. Rather than ______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ a bicycle. A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding 13. You‘re ______ your time trying to persuade him; he‘ll never join us. A. spending B. wasting C. losing D. missing 14. We can‘t travel through the forest ______ road, because there aren‘t any roads. A. by B. in C. on D. through 15. —Look! Everything here is under construction. —What‘s the pretty small house that ______ for? A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building

16. Lucy‘s father was very strict with her and he had never praised her ______ she became one of the

top students in her grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 17. All the students went to the airport to ______ Mr Smith ______. A. see; off B. send; for C. look; away D. get; off 18. After we ______ at the station, we have been out of touch for 10 years. A. drove B. separated C. arrived D. gathered 19. Ronny looked at Mr. Das to see how he would ______ the motorbike. A. hold B. handle C. flow D. paddle 20. —I‘m going to travel to America. Would you please tell me about your experiences there? —______. Let‘s discuss it over dinner. A. That‘s all right B. By all means C. Go ahead D. It just depends II．介、副词填空 (1‘×15=15‘)

21. Jane is very particular ______ what to wear, especially in public. 22. As soon as I‘m ______ board, I always feel sick.

23. She thought about the effect of such news ______ her husband.

24. It rained ______ the day we arrived, but the following day was sunny. 25. Tom caught sight of a taxi slowing ______ before the bus stopped. 26. His parents gave him a bike as a present ______ his birthday.

27. What should we do before we decide which means ______ transportation we‘ll use? 28. ______ this time machine, we could travel to the past or the future.

29. He asked the teacher for some tips ______ improving he‘s pronunciation. 30. I wanted to get up early, but my alarm clock did go _______.

31. The Great Wall had been added to, rebuilt and repaired, especially ______ the Ming Dynasty. 32. Can you imagine that the president of a large company doesn‘t care much ______ dress? 33. In the past the black is not treated ______ equal citizens with the white. 34. We drove all the way to Boston and was just ______ time for the concert.

35. If you want to be successful ________ something, first of all, you must be sure of yourself.

III. 完形填空(1.5×2=30)

Even their water bucket had three holes in it. They were in their 70s, sick and 36 . But these weak souls were given a helping hand from a woman in her early 37 who barely had enough money to feed her own family.

Since then, the old couple‘s savior (救助者), ―sister Zhen‖ (whose real name is Lin Xiuzhen) has helped the 38 in her village for 40 years and just recently her efforts were 39 recognized. Lin is part of a group--- that includes the poor and the wealthy, the young and the old, a solider and scientist----whose 40 have been recognized in CCTV-1‘s ―China is Inspired ‖, a yearly television event, which began in 2002, recording those who have deeply 41 the country over the past year.

In the winter of 1967, Lin Xiuzhen was married in a village in Hebei Province and had a two-year-old son. It was 42 that she and her husband started to take care of an old and childless couple.

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Aged 78 and 76 years old respectively, Zhu Shugui and Liu Xiuhuan were both weak and sick. When Lin 43 to look after them, the head of village tried to 44 her out of it. ―You just entered your thirties‖, he said, ―I know the young often make a hurried 45 . Think it over. ‖

But Lin had thought about it for a long time. She had watched the old couple carry a small bucket with three 46 in it to fetch water from a well outside of the village every day. They would walk 47 home and by the time they got there the bucket would be half 48 . Lin began helping them work and 49 them food whenever she cooked. Lin‘s 50 to the elderly over the years would earn her the name ―Sister Zhen‖.

But sadly, Lin‘ selflessness came at a 51 : she was not able to be at her mother‘s bedside 52 she died.

Lin has 53 sponsored 14 children through college, but 54 sought recognition for her deeds. In keeping with her modest approach, Lin was even 55 to accept the CCTV award. 36. A. starving B. conflicting C. optimistic D. aggressive 37. A. age B. thirties C. forties D. stage 38. A. people B. children C. villager D. elderly 39. A. also B. still C. even D. finally 40. A. manners B. deeds C. behaviors D. stories 41. A. affected B. shook C. touched D. spread 42. A. how B. there C. why D. then 43. A. decided B. devoted C. adapted D. managed 44. A. talk B. pull C. drag D. take 45. A. decision B. choice C. attempt D. sacrifice 46. A. strings B. holes C. patches D. rings 47. A. unsteadily B. firmly C. quickly D. unpleasantly 48. A. filled B. empty C. torn D. light 49. A. fetched B. got C. sent D. delivered 50. A. devotion B. love C. attention D. care 51. A. cost B. charge C. price D. loss 52. A. while B. before C. when D. after 53. A. also B. already C. too D. yet 54. A. seldom B. never C. hardly D. always 55. A. ready B. unwilling C. objected D. determined

IV.阅读理解(2.5×2=10)

Dr. David Suzuki is a famous environmentalist and geneticist from Canada that has brought much attention to the environment through the popular television series ―The Nature of Things‖. Suzuki has used popular media to focus the worlds attention on the environment and the damage that we as humans are causing. Suzuki is the founder of the David Suzuki foundation, an organization that also promotes his beliefs, environmental research, and challenges consumers to change their behaviors.

Suzuki was born on the 24th of March, 1936 in Vancouver, Canada and has a twin sister. His family descended from Japan, with his grandparent making the move to Canada.

David Suzuki studied at the Amherst College in Massachusetts, US and received a PhD in zoology in 1961 at the University of Chicago.

Suzuki went on to create some of the most popular television programs relating to nature, the environment, science, and people. Programs includes ―The Nature of Things‖, ―A Planet for the Taking‖, ―The Secret of Life‖, ―It‘s a Matter of Survival‖, ―From Naked Ape to Super species‖, and the radio program ―Quirks and Quarks‖.

The famous environmentalist is also the author of more than 32 books and published columns discussing science, the environment, and nature.

The David Suzuki Foundation is an organization set up to educate and study various ways to care for, protect, and restore the environment. The organization has more than 40,000 members and is a registered charity supported by donations and grants. Major issues that the foundation focuses on include climate change, global warming, ecosystem-based forestry, sustainable fisheries, aquaculture and biodiversity.

56. Dr. David Suzuki drew the world‘s attention to the environment mainly by ______.

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A. founding The David Suzuki Foundation B. publishing some influential columns C. using popular media

D. receiving a PhD in zoology

57. The following statements are true except that _______. A. Suzuki was born in Japan and moved to Canada B. Suzuki wrote more than 32 books all his life

C. Suzuki‘s most famous TV programs is ―The Nature of Things‖ D. The David Suzuki Foundation was officially approved 58. The main purpose of writing this passage is ______. A. to sell books and TV programmes

B. to introduce a famous environmentalist C. to announce a series of TV programmes D. to share ideas about genetics

59. What does the underlined word ―grants‖ in the last paragraph probably mean? A. organizations that give help to others B. methods of training others

C. persons that contribute to others D. money given by the state V.书面表达(1×25=25)

据报道，市政府决定，将从下月开始提高市民用水价格，据此，你班开展了一场辩论，辩论情况如下： 武汉濒临长江、汉水，乃千湖之省反对涨价的人的观点 的首府，淡水取之不尽?? 最后班长作了“作为学生，人口增加，工业用水增加等导致污我们应该怎么办的”发言 支持涨价的人的观点 染，治理污染等费用上涨?? 请据以上提示，用英语写一篇短文，客观介绍辩论情况。 字数要求：100左右。 参考答案

课前热身 I．单词拼写 1. vacation 2. transportation 3. spider 4. experienced 5. equipment 6. destination 7. adventurous 8. responsibly 9. similarity 10. poisonous II．英汉互译

1. means of transportation 2. get close to nature 3. get away from cold weather 4. watch out for dangers 5. in a few day‘s time/ in a few days 6. on the other hand 7. in the name of 8. life jacket 9. modern equipment 10. look for an unusual experience 11. 相似与差异之处 12. 登机通知 13. 为某人送别 14. 各自度假 15. 去世 16. 锻炼身体 17. 防太阳晒 18. 有毒的植物 19. 把普通旅游与学习结合起来 20. 基本技巧/技能 III．完成句子

1. decide which means of transportation 2. have a new experience from their travels 3. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus 4. Watch out for dangers

5. that/which let‘s you travel in time.

课后综合训练

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