回良玉在世界粮食安全峰会上的讲话

加强合作 携手努力 共同维护全球粮食安全 ——在世界粮食安全峰会上的讲话

Strengthen Cooperation for Global Food Security

Address at the World Food Summit

中华人民共和国国务院副总理 回良玉

by H.E. Hui Liangyu

Vice Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

2009年11月16日

16 November 2009

主席先生，各位同事，女士们、先生们：

Mr. Chair,

Dear Colleagues, Ladies and Gentlemen,

首先，我代表中国政府对世界粮食安全峰会的召开表示热烈祝贺，预祝会议取得圆满成功。

Let me start by extending, on behalf of the Chinese Government, warm congratulations on the convocation of the World Food Summit and wishing the Summit a complete success.

13年前，各国领导人齐聚罗马，共同作出了人人享有粮食安全，在2015年前将全球饥饿人口减半的庄严承诺。7年前，在这里举行的世界粮食峰会通过了反饥饿宣言，重申实现联合国千年发展目标的共同愿景。今天，我们又一次相聚罗马，共商粮食安全大计，这是在国际金融危机带来严峻挑战、世界减贫努力遇到重大挫折的背景下，在全球饥饿人口突破10亿、世界粮食危机风险突出的情况下召开的一次重要会议，对于保障全球粮食安全、推动世界经济复苏、实现可持续发展具有特殊意义。

Thirteen years ago, world leaders gathered in Rome and made the solemn pledge of ensuring food security for all and halving the number of the world’s hungry people by 2015. Seven years ago, an anti-hunger declaration was adopted also here at the World Food Summit, which reiterated the shared vision of achieving the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Today, we have again gathered in Rome at this important meeting to discuss key issues on food security at a moment when the international financial crisis has brought severe challenges, world poverty reduction efforts have suffered major setbacks, hungry people in the world have increased to over one billion and a world food crisis is very likely to happen. This meeting is therefore of special significance to world food security, global economic recovery and sustainable development.

主席先生，

Mr. Chair,

“民以食为天”，“食以粮为本”。免于饥饿是人类最基本的人权，粮食安全是经济发展和社会稳定的基础，是国家自立与世界和平的重要前提。当前，国际社会正面临国际金融危机和粮食危机的双重压力，一些发展中国家的发展进程严重受损，社会稳定也受到威胁。国际社会应从人类生存和发展的高度看待和处理粮食问题，加强合作，携手努力，共同维护全球粮食安全。为此，我们愿提出以下建议：

Food is essential to the survival of people and grain is the principal food. Freedom from hunger is the most fundamental human right. Food security is the basis for economic development and social stability. It is also an important prerequisite for national independence and world peace. At present, the international community is under the dual pressure of an international financial crisis and a global food crisis. Some developing countries have seen their development process severely hindered and social stability threatened. The international community should view and address food security as a matter vital to human survival and development, and safeguard food security in the world through strengthened cooperation. To this end, we wish to put forward the following suggestions.

第一，增加投入，提高粮食生产水平。各国特别是发展中国家应该从本国实际出发，加大农业生产投入，突破粮食增产技术瓶颈，增强预防自然灾害和病虫害的能力，努力提高粮食产量和自给水平。发达国家和国际组织应在尊重受援国主权的情况下，在资金、技术、市场、能力建设等方面向发展中国家提供帮助，重视增强其自身“造血”机能。

First, increase input and raise food production. All countries, developing ones in particular, should in ways suited to their national circumstances, invest more in agriculture, break the technical bottlenecks inhibiting output growth, build up the capability to resist natural disasters, plant diseases and insect pests and strive for higher yield and greater self-sufficiency. Developed countries and international organizations should provide developing countries with financial, technological, market and capacity-building assistance with due respect for the sovereignty of the recipient countries and more emphasis on building their own “blood-generating” capacity.

第二，互利共赢，创造良好市场环境。粮食危机的成因复杂，既源于供需关系，也与扭曲的国际农产品市场、金融投机等因素密切相关。各国要共同反对各种形式的贸易保护主义，推动多哈回合谈判取得积极成果。发达国家应在谈判中体现更大诚意，削减农业补贴，消除贸易壁垒，使发展中成员获得更多的市场准入机会，建立公平合理、持续稳定的国际农产品贸易秩序。要加强对农产品市场的金融监管，有效抑制对农产品的投机行为，这应成为国际金融监管体系改革的重点之一。

Second, create a sound market environment for mutual benefit and win-win progress. The causes of a food crisis are complicated, including unbalanced supply and demand, as well as distorted international agricultural market and financial speculation. All countries should jointly

oppose trade protectionism in all its forms and manifestations and push for a positive outcome of the Doha Round negotiations. Developed countries should demonstrate greater sincerity in the negotiations, slash agricultural subsidies, remove trade barriers and give greater market access to developing members so that a fair, reasonable, sustainable and stable international agricultural trading order can take shape. It is imperative to enhance financial regulation over agricultural markets and effectively curb speculative activities. This should become one of the priorities in reforming the international financial regulatory system.

第三，推进改革，完善全球治理机制。中国支持加强全球粮食安全治理机制，抓紧建立集早期预警、紧急救援、宏观调控为一体的粮食安全保障体系，制定全面协调可持续的全球粮食安全战略，确保效率和各方的平等参与。中国支持通过改革加强联合国粮农机构，支持世界粮食安全委员会和联合国全球粮食危机工作组发挥更大作用。

Third, press ahead with reform and improve the global governance mechanism. China supports the strengthening of the global governance mechanism for food security and the early establishment of a food security safeguard system encompassing early warning, emergency relief and macro-control and regulation functions. China favors the adoption of a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable strategy for global food security that ensures efficiency and equal participation of all parties. China supports the strengthening of the UN food and agriculture agencies through reform and endorses a bigger role of the Committee on World Food Security and the Task Force on the World Food Security Crisis of the United Nations.

第四，统筹兼顾，实现全面均衡发展。粮食问题归根结底是发展问题，粮食安全与经济增长、社会进步以及气候变化、能源安全等紧密相连。各国应高度重视气候变化对农业等各领域的影响，本着“共同但有区别的责任”原则，加强应对气候变化全球合作，共同推动即将举行的哥本哈根会议取得积极成果。国际社会应本着“不与人争粮，不与粮争地”的原则，重视生物燃料产业发展的长期影响，科学加以引导，实现其开发和利用的可持续性，决不能以牺牲粮食安全为代价换取能源安全。

Fourth, adopt a holistic approach for comprehensive and balanced growth. In the final analysis, the food issue is a development issue. Food security is closely related to economic growth, social progress, climate change and energy security. All countries should pay great attention to the impact of climate change on agriculture and other sectors, intensify global cooperation on climate change under the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”, and strive for a positive outcome of the up-coming Copenhagen Conference. The international community should take seriously the long-term implications of the development of the bio-fuel sector and guide it toward sustainability based on the principle of “not competing for food with humans and not competing for land with food”. Energy security should by no means come at the cost of food security.

主席先生，

Mr. Chair,

今年是中华人民共和国成立60周年。60年来，我们始终高度重视农业和粮食问题，始终把解决好十几亿人的吃饭问题作为治国安邦的头等大事，始终坚持立足国内实现粮食基本自给的方针，不断巩固和加强农业的基础地位，坚持走中国特色农业现代化道路，加强农田水利建设，加快农业科技进步，保护和调动农民的生产积极性，农业农村发展取得了举世公认的成就。中国用占世界9%左右的耕地和占世界6.5%左右的淡水资源，解决了世界20%左右人口的温饱问题，实现了人民生活从温饱不足向总体小康的历史性跨越，提前达到联合国千年发展目标中的减贫目标。这是中国人民创造出的历史奇迹，也是我们为全球粮食安全以及世界和平与发展作出的巨大贡献。

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Over the past 60 years, we have placed great importance on agriculture and food. Providing sufficient food for over one billion people has been on top of our agenda. Our policy is to realize basic food self-sufficiency, strengthen the fundamental role of agriculture and pursue agricultural modernization with Chinese features. We have enhanced water conservancy for rural farmlands, accelerated the advance of agro-science and technology, and motivated farmers to produce more. As a result, we have made notable achievements in agriculture and rural development. China feeds about 20% of the world’s population with about 9% of the world’s arable lands and about 6.5% of the world’s fresh water. The Chinese people, who once lived in hunger, now enjoy moderate prosperity. We have met ahead of schedule the targets for eradicating extreme poverty and hunger under MDGs. It is a historic transformation. It is a miracle. It is the Chinese people’s great contribution to global food security, world peace and development.

当前，中国的粮食安全形势是好的。粮食综合生产能力稳步提高，粮食储备充裕，主要农产品供应充足，粮食价格基本稳定。自2004年以来，我国粮食已经连续5年增产，粮食产量超过5亿吨，2008年创历史最高水平。2009年我国粮食生产将再获丰收。多年来，中国粮食始终保持基本自给，小麦、大米、玉米等主要谷物年均净出口800万吨，并保持了较高的农产品自由贸易度，农产品平均关税仅为世界平均水平的四分之一。我们完全有信心、有能力长期主要立足国内生产保障粮食安全。

China now has a favorable food security situation. The comprehensive grain production capacity is on a steady rise. Grain reserves are abundant. Staple agricultural produce is in sufficient supply. Food prices are basically stable. Grain output has been increasing for five years in a row since 2004, reaching a record high of over 500 million tons in 2008. We expect another bumper harvest this year. For many years, China has been able to meet its own food demand on its own. Every year we export an average of 8 million tons of staple grains such as wheat, rice and corn. Our agricultural markets are fairly open with the average tariff level only one fourth of the world’s average. We have every reason to be confident that we can ensure food security by mainly relying on domestic production.

我们也清醒地认识到，中国人口众多，农业基础设施薄弱、农村经济社会发展滞后、城乡收入差距扩大等问题相当突出，国际金融危机也带来了新的压力和挑战。为此，在应对国际金融危机中我们明确提出，扩大国内需求，最大潜力在农村；实现经济平稳较快发展，基础支撑在农业；保障和改善民生，重点难点在农民。我们继续增加投入，加强农业基础设施和农村民生工程建设，保持了农业农村平稳较快发展的良好势头，为中国经济企稳回升提供

了有力支撑。我们有把握实现今年国内生产总值增长8%的预期目标。

However, we are keenly aware that China has a large population, agricultural infrastructure is weak, economic and social development in rural areas has fallen behind and there is a growing income gap between urban and rural areas. The international financial crisis has brought us new pressures and challenges. Therefore, we have made it clear in our response to the international financial crisis that in boosting domestic demand, rural areas have the greatest potential; for steady and relatively fast economic growth, agriculture is the foundation; and in improving people’s well-being, farmers are the top priority. We have increased input, enhanced agricultural infrastructure and projects designed to improve rural residents’ livelihood, and maintained good momentum of steady and relatively fast development of agriculture and rural areas. These have been a strong support for the stabilization and improvement of China’s economy. We are confident that the goal of 8% GDP growth for this year can be met.

主席先生，

Mr. Chair,

中国是一个发展中国家，我们始终在力所能及的范围内，为其他发展中国家发展提供帮助，为世界粮食和农业发展贡献力量。这些年来，在积极向国际粮农机构提供捐赠、向一些困难国家提供紧急人道主义粮食援助的同时，我们一直致力于充分发挥农业技术优势，帮助其他发展中国家提高粮食生产水平。我们在亚洲、非洲、拉美、太平洋等地区近100个国家建立了农业技术示范中心、农业技术实验站和推广站，先后派遣了3万余人次农业专家和技术人员，并帮助他们培养了一大批农业技术人员。

As a developing country, China has done its best to provide help to other developing countries and contribute to world food and agriculture development. Over the years, we have made contributions to international institutions for food and agriculture and provided emergency humanitarian food assistance to some countries in need. Meanwhile, we have been committed to helping other developing countries improve their capacity of food production with our advantage in agro-technologies. In nearly 100 countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America, the Pacific and other regions, we have set up agricultural technology demonstration centers, experiment stations and dissemination stations, sent over 30,000 agricultural experts and technical personnel, and helped train a great number of local agricultural technical personnel.

中国将继续与世界各国在粮食和农业发展领域加强交流与合作，愿意在南南合作框架下继续向其他发展中国家提供力所能及的农业援助，包括扩建农业技术示范中心、增派农业专家、拓展农业培训、提供紧急人道主义粮援等。去年我们已决定，把对外派遣的农业专家和技术人员数量翻番，为发展中国家提供 3000人次的来华农业培训。中国承诺向联合国粮农组织捐款3000万美元成立信托基金已签约启动，用于帮助发展中国家提高农业生产能力的项目和活动。我们将一如既往地继续加大对国际粮农机构的支持。

China will continue to enhance exchanges and cooperation with other countries in food and agricultural development. We are ready to continue to provide agricultural assistance to other

developing countries to the best of our ability within the framework of South-South cooperation, including expanding agricultural technology demonstration centers, sending more agricultural experts, offering more agricultural training programs, and providing emergency humanitarian assistance in food. Last year, we decided to double the number of agricultural experts and technical personnel sent abroad and provide agricultural training programs in China for 3,000 people from other developing countries. China has signed the agreement and started to contribute US$30 million to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to establish a trust fund for projects and activities to help developing countries improve their capacity of agricultural production. We will as always increase our support on a continued basis for international institutions for food and agriculture.

中国愿与国际社会一道，携手努力，共同维护世界粮食安全，推动建立持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。

China is ready to work with the international community to safeguard world food security and build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.

谢谢。

Thank you.

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