2019年高三英语第一次高考模拟考试附参考答案

高三年级第一次模拟考试

英语

第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21. Memories from childhood stay with us forever, taking us ________ we have been and will go.

A. what B. how C. where D. that

22. When someone ________， it more than doubles his or her chances of being helpful again.

A. thanks B. is thanked C. was thanked D. thanked

23. As to Gaokao reform, the spokesman had a sincere conversation with journalists, the press release of ________ has already been made public.

A. whom B. which C. when D. where

24. When you cast a ____ for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities.

A. glance B. doubt C. shadow D. vision

25. APEC economies will continue to ________ food security needs, and how best to meet them through policy action.

A. satisfy B. assess C. overlook D. remove

26. ____ you try to do something beyond what you have already mastered, you will never grow.

A. Once B. If C. Because D. Unless

27. I did better, but I still wasn't as focused as I ________.

A. should do B. should have been C. should be D. should have done

28. Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices ____ in the world.

A. heard B. having heard C. hearing D. to be heard 29. —It's a complete mess. Where are the kitchen table tops?

—At the back. We ________ them by 7 pm this evening.

A. are placing B. have placed C. will be placing D. will have placed

30. If you manage to survive the crisis, think about how it will help you ________ new challenges.

A. give up B. take up C. hold up D. put up

31. The life you live will expand or shrink ________ the measure of courage you display.

A. in proportion to B. in place of C. in competition with D. in return for 32. —I will go on a diet tomorrow.

—________. You've said that over a million times.

A. Take your time B. I don't enjoy myself C. Beg your pardon D. I don't buy it

33. More employers now offer fresh college graduates ___jobs, hoping to seek out experienced candidates.

A. contemporary B. temporary C. permanent D. primitive

34. Anne lost her wallet and Mother wasn't surprised that ____as she was too careless.

A. she was so B. so was she C. so did she D. she did so )35. —How come Joan hasn't typed the report yet?

—Oh, my dear lady, take it easy. She is ________ in computer operation. A. a green hand B. a black sheep C. a dark horse D. a blue stocking 第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 It is impossible to perform consistently in a manner inconsistent with the way we see ourselves. In other words, we usually act in direct __36__ to our self－image. Nothing is more difficult to __37__ than changing outward actions without changing inward feelings.

One of the best ways to __38__ those inward feelings is to put some 搒uccess

All the way home I taught her how to sell candy bars. I __45__ each teaching point with a half dozen You can do it梱ourr smile will __46__ them over桰I believe in you phrases. By the end of our fifteen－minute __47__， the young lady sitting beside me had become a __48__ saleslady.

At the end of the day, all thirty bars had been sold. She excitedly __49__ as I tucked her into bed that night: “Oh God, thanks for the candy sale at school. It's great.”

Elizabeth's prayer reflects the heart's __50__ of every person. We all want to be winners. The next day Elizabeth came home __51__ another box of candy bars. She'd exhausted (用完，耗尽) the __52__ of friendly neighbours, and she was thrust into the cruel world of the unknown buyer. __53__ I offered encouragement and a few more selling tips. And she did it. The experience __54__ two days of selling, two sold－out performances, two happy people, and one boosted __55__. How we see ourselves reflects how others see us.

( )36. A. opposition B. response C. preference D. contrast ( )37. A. accomplish B. acknowledge C. appreciate D. allocate ( )38. A. follow B. control C. injure D. improve

( )39. A. chance B. tendency C. need D. competence ( )40. A. turned B. complained C. warmed D. submitted ( )41. A. sale B. delivery C. present D. bargain

( )42. A. forced B. ordered C. challenged D. warned ( )43. A. When B. While C. If D. Because

( )44. A. negative B. further C. rough D. positive

( )45. A. decorated B. surrounded C. rewarded D. classified ( )46. A. get B. take C. win D. look

( )47. A. complaint B. quarrel C. amusement D. drive ( )48. A. committed B. nervous C. frightened D. pretty ( )49. A. wrote B. prayed C. recalled D. recommended ( )51. A. humour B. impression C. desire D. justice ( )51. A. toward B. without C. for D. with

( )52. A. resource B. emotion C. supply D. dignity

( )53. A. Again B. Deliberately C. Instead D. Eventually ( )54. A. added to B. amounted to C. came to D. catered to

( )55. A. self－help B. self－study C. self－respect D. self－image 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Raise. me is a neutral platform that allows sponsors and colleges to award Micro－Scholarships to students based on Colleges' and/or Sponsors' award criteria.

By using the services, you should understand the following： Connecting with Users：

Educators may only connect with students from the schools or organizations that they serve, and may connect with an individual student only with that student's permission. Educators may also connect with colleges and sponsors via the services.

 Students may only connect with educators from their own schools and organizations, and may connect with an individual educator only with that educator's permission.

Students may elect to follow sponsors via the services. Sponsors may only view the profiles (简介) of students who elect to follow them.

Qualifying for Micro－Scholarships：

Students can earn Micro－Scholarships based on the courses and achievements they add to their profiles while they are in high school.

Students may only be awarded Micro－Scholarships from colleges and sponsors that they follow before the applicable College's and/or Sponsor's “Follow Deadline” for their class year, which is a date set by each college and sponsor and stated on such college's or sponsor's page on the services. Once a College's or Sponsor's Follow Deadline has passed, students who are seniors in high school may not continue to earn Micro－Scholarships from such college or sponsor.

( )57. What are the qualifications for students to be awarded Micro－Scholarships? A. Making academic achievements and meeting the “Follow Deadline”. B. Making beautiful profiles and completing the required courses. C. Setting an accurate date and meeting the “Follow Deadline”.

D. Continuing to contact sponsors and adding an academic achievement.

B

Spatial navigation (空间导航) relies on brain regions that are commonly affected by the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Before severe and obvious memory problems set in and people are diagnosed with dementia (痴呆), they might report problems with finding their way around and frequently get lost in familiar neighborhoods. In that early stage, however, it is difficult to know whether their damaged navigational skills are actually due to the disease or simply a part of normal aging—because we currently don't have a firm grasp on what “normal” is.

In their recent study, Spiers and his colleagues aimed to change that by establishing a common baseline for adults' navigational skills, which naturally decline with age. For that, the researchers needed large numbers of people梙encee the idea for crowdsourcing the experiment via a gaming APP that measures spatial navigation ability.

Navigating inside a game may not be exactly the same as finding one's way in a real－world situation. But people are likely to use the same cognitive mechanisms (认知机制) in both situations. “If you are good at navigating, you'll do well in the game. And if you are bad at finding your way out there, you'll also struggle in the video game，” Spiers says, adding that their team still plans to compare the game performance with real－life performance in near future.

Since its launch in May, some 2.5 million healthy people have played Sea Hero Quest, making it one of the most impressive scientific experiments to date just by the sheer number of participants. “To my knowledge, never before has spatial navigation been quantified on such a

large scale，” says Katherine Possin, an assistant professor of neuropsychology at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not involved with the research.

So far one of the main findings coming out of Sea Hero Quest is a simple linear decline with age: From the age 19 onward, spatial navigation steadily worsens from year to year. The 19－year－olds were able to remember their starting point and accurately hit it by shooting a flare (信号弹) back to that position 74 percent of the time. Those aged 75 succeeded only 46 percent of the time.

Another finding is that men appear to perform better than women on these specific tasks. Although this finding seems to fit with the long－held assumption that men are better navigators, rather it may reflect that males have more experience with games. The researchers tried to account for this possibility, yet still found a gender difference in performance. Spiers notes, however, that the games boys and girls play in early childhood梬hichh could influence brain development and spatial skills—are much harder to account for. “The question is why. And we don't have an answer yet，” Spiers says. “We are really skimming the surface. There's so much data from everyone who's played the game. We have two years of analysis ahead of us.”

( )58. What is the main purpose in experimenting via gaming? A. To compare Alzheimer's disease and normal aging. B. To provide a baseline measure of navigation ability. C. To figure out the way of dealing with dementia. D. To find out how to firmly grasp what “normal” is.

( )59. According to the third paragraph, what Spiers says indicates that ________. A. the levels of performance in both situations are tightly correlated B. the popularity of the game makes itself a more impressive experiment C. the plan to compare the game and real life has been carefully made D. the scale of the game is so large that it is difficult to quantify ( )60. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A. Men were assumed to be better game players long before. B. Spatial navigation betters steadily from the age 19 onward. C. The reason for data being analysed is hard to account for. D. The findings reveal variations based on age and gender.

C

The habit－forming process within our brains is a three－step loop (回路). First, there is a cue, a trigger that tells your brain to go into automatic mode (模式) and which habit to use. Then there is the routine, which can be physical or mental or emotional, Finally, there is a reward, which helps your brain figure out if this particular loop is worth remembering for the future. Over time, this loop梒uee, routine, reward ecomess more and more automatic. The cue and reward become intertwined (交织) until a powerful sense of anticipation and a desire appears. Eventually, a habit is born.

Habits aren't destiny. Habits can be ignored, changed, or replaced. But the reason the discovery of the habit loop is so important is that it reveals a basic truth: When a habit appears, tile brain stops fully participating in decision making. It stops working so hard, or shifts focus to other tasks. So unless you deliberately fight a habit梪nlesss you find new routines梩hee pattern will unfold automatically.

Habits never really disappear. They're encoded (嵌入) into the structures of our brain, and

that's a huge advantage for us, because it would be awful if we had to relearn how to drive after every vacation. The problem is that your brain can't tell the difference between bad and good habits, and so if you have a bad one, it's always lurking (蛰伏) there, waiting for the right cues and rewards.

This explains why it's so hard to create exercise habits, for instance, or change what we eat. Once we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa, rather than runing, or snacking whenever we pass a doughnut box, those patterns always remain inside our heads. By the same rule, though, if we learn to create new neurological (神经系统的) routines that overpower those behaviors—if we take control of the habit loop—we can force those bad tendencies into the background. And once someone creates a new pattern, studies have demonstrated, going for a jog or ignoring the doughnuts becomes as automatic as any other habit.

Of course, those decisions are habitual, effortless. As long as your basal ganglia (基底核) is complete and the cues remain constant, the behaviors will occur unthinkingly. At the same time, however, the brain's dependence on automatic routines can be dangerous. Habits are often as much a curse as a benefit.

61. What can we learn about the habit loop from the first two paragraphs? A. It helps your brain understand what is worth remembering.

B. It is a three－step loop consisting of a cue, a routine and a reward. C. It becomes automatic and develops a sense of anticipation and desire. D. It reveals a basic truth that the pattern of a habit wilt unfold automatically. ( )62. The advantage of habits never really disappearing is that ________．

A. we can easily change what we eat B. we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa

C. we don't necessarily learn a skill again D. we can distinguish between bad and good habits

( )63. What can be inferred from the last sentence in Paragraph 4?

A. Habits can be changed and replaced. B. Habits can not be ignored or created. C. Old patterns always exist in our brain. D. New patterns seldom remain in our heads. ( )64. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. The discovery of the habit loop. B. The automatic pattern of habits.

C. The research on the habit－forming process. D. The brain's dependence on automatic routines.

D

One steamy July afternoon in central Arkansas, I was working on an important project in my home office with a dear friend and colleague. My trusty printer was churning out (快速生产) a time－sensitive report when it simply stopped. After fifteen minutes of trying to repair, I decided to buy a new printer. Upon our return, my heart froze to see my house on fire.

Despite having spent much of my life writing, I was still lost for adequate words to describe the sick, sinking feeling of seeing your home, business, and belongings going up in flames along with photographs and memories collected over a lifetime. But the panic that filled my shocked heart in that awful moment was for the nine cats that shared my home after being rescued from situations of abuse and abandonment.

Responding to an early security－system warning, the amazing firefighters arrived in record time, but the chemical－laden smoke had already caused deaths. I examined and kissed each cat goodbye, extremely grateful that they had passed gently, without injuries or burns.

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