CCS 教程培训资料

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CCS 教程培训资料

DSP C5000Chapter 3 Addressing Modes

CCS 教程培训资料

ObjectivesPresent the main addressing modes and allocation of sections Present the main addressing modes of the C54 family Present the main addressing modes of the C55 family Explain how to use these addressing modes Do exercises to practice using the different addressing modesESIEE, Slide 2 Copyright 2003 Texas Instruments. All rights reserved.

CCS 教程培训资料

OutlineGeneralities on addressing modes C54x

C55x

ESIEE, Slide 3

CCS 教程培训资料

Addressing Modes: What are the Problems?Specify operands per instruction:A single instruction can access several operands at a time thanks to the many internal data busses, But how do we specify many addresses using a small number of bits?

Repeated processing on an array of data:Many DSP operations are repeated on an array of data stored at contiguous addresses in data memory. There are cases where it is useful to be able to modify the addresses as part of the instruction (increment or decrement).ESIEE, Slide 4 Copyright 2003 Texas Instruments. All rights reserved.

CCS 教程培训资料

Main Addressing Modes of C5000 FamilyImmediate addressing Absolute addressing Direct addressing Indirect addressing by registerSupport for circular indirect addressingDefinition

Access to Memory Mapped Registers MMRs

ESIEE, Slide 5

CCS 教程培训资料

Allocating Sections

ESIEE, Slide 6

CCS 教程培训资料

ExampleSystem Diagram Algorithm y= x1+ x0+ x2DROM init[3] EPROM (code) RAM x[3] C5000 CPU RAM y

ProcedureAllocate sections (code, constants, vars) Setup addressing modes Add the values (x1+ x0+ x2) Store the result (y) How do we allocate the proper sections?ESIEE, Slide 7 Copyright 2003 Texas Instruments. All rights reserved.

CCS 教程培训资料

Writing relocatable codeThe programmer should not have to give the exact addresses:where to read the code in program memory, where to read the data in data memory.

The assembler allows to use symbolic addresses. The assembler and the linker work with COFF files:COFF= Common Object File Format. In COFF files, specialized sections are used for code, variables or constants. The programmer specifies in a command file for the linker where the different sections should be allocated in the memory of the system.ESIEE, Slide 8 Copyright 2003 Texas Instruments. All rights reserved.

CCS 教程培训资料

Definition of SectionsDifferent sections for code, vars, constants. The sections can be initialized or not.An initialized section is filled with code or constant values. An uninitialized section reserves memory space for a variable.

The sections can have default names or names given by the programmer.

ESIEE, Slide 9

CCS 教程培训资料

Definition and names of SectionsThe programmer uses special directives to identify the sections.Initialized sections code Variables Code or c

onstants Unitialized sections, reserve space for data

Named sections, name given by user Unnamed sections, default nameESIEE, Slide 10

.sect

.usect

.text

.data

.bss

CCS 教程培训资料

Example of sections.sect”init" tbl .int 1,2,3 x y .usect"vars",3 .usect"result",1 .sect“code”Initialized named section: Initialization of constants. Definition of address tbl Uninitialized named section: x[3], y[1], Definition of address x and y. Initialized named section: code

System Diagram How are these sections placed into the memory areas shown?DROM tbl[3] EPROM codeESIEE, Slide 11

RAM x[3] 54x CPU RAM y

CCS 教程培训资料

C54x Addressing Modes

ESIEE, Slide 12

CCS 教程培训资料

Format of Data and Instructions, Internal Busses of the C54x FamilyIn the C54x DSP, the data and program memories are organized in 16-bit words. Data busses have a 16-bit width. Data and instructions are generally of size N=16 bits. Some instructions may take several 16-bit words. Some data operands may be double precision and occupy 2 words. Internal busses: 2 data read, 1 data writeESIEE, Slide 13 Copyright 2003 Texas Instruments. All rights reserved.

CCS 教程培训资料

Terms from the User’s GuideTerm Smem Xmem Ymem lk dmad pmad src dst PA What it means 16-bit single data memory 16-bit dual data memory operand used in dual-operand instructions and some single-operand instructions. Read through D bus. 16-bit dual data-memory operand used in dual-operand instructions. Read through C bus. 16-bit long 16-bit immediate data memory address (0 - 65,535) 16-bit immediate program memory address (0 - 65,535) This includes extended program memory devices Source accumulator (A or B) Destination accumulator (A or B) 16-bit port (I/O) immediate address (0 - 65,535)

ESIEE, Slide 14

CCS 教程培训资料

Immediate Addressing Mode#Instruction contains the value of the operand. Value is preceded by#. ADD#4,A Example:Add the value 4 to the content of accumulator A.

Useful for initializations. Long (16 bits) or short values:For long values: instruction uses 2 words.

ESIEE, Slide 15

CCS 教程培训资料

Immediate Addressing Mode#16 bit value2 words, 2 cycles Initialization of ARi for exampleExample:

STM

#1234h,AR2

Load AR2 with the value 1234h.

Short value3, 5, 8, 9 bits constant 1 word, 1 cycle To initialize short length registers or bit fields:DP, ASM…Example:

#6, DP

Load DP with the value 6.

CCS 教程培训资料

Example: MMR (Memory Mapped Registers) and Immediate Addressing.sect”init" tbl .int 1,2,3 x y .usect"vars",3 .usect"result",1 .sect“code” start: STM STM#tbl,AR1#x,AR2#tbl is the 16-bit address of the first element of the array tbl.STM (STore to Memory-mapped register) store

s an immediate value to the specified MMR or Scratch address.

0000 MMRs 0060 007F

MMR= Memory Mapped Registers

Scratch

Scratch memory

ESIEE, Slide 17

CCS 教程培训资料

Direct Addressing Mode@Direct addressing= random access from a specified base address.The instruction contains an offset relative to the base address.

The base address can be the beginning of a data memory page or the stack pointer.The data memory is virtually divided in 512 pages of 128 words (512x128= 216).

Data Page DP relative direct addressCPL bit (ComPiler Mode bit)= 0 in ST1

CCS 教程培训资料

Data memory pagesAddresses in Dec 0 Hex 0000 Page 0 128 0080 Page 1 256 0100 Page 2 128 words 128 words 128 words

Data memory

512 Pages

Page 511 65 535 FFFF

128 words

ESIEE, Slide 19

CCS 教程培训资料

Direct Addressing Mode@For DP relative mode:The 16 bit address is split into 9 MSB and 7 LSB.The 7 LSB of the operand address are given in the instruction, The 9 MSB are in the DP register.

For SP relative modeThe 7 bits given in the instruction are used as an offset from the SP to obtain the address.

CCS 教程培训资料

Direct Addressing Mode@DP relative, CPL= 0 Instruction 15 - 8 Opcode 7 I=0 6-0 dma

DP register Address

9-bit DP 9-bit DP 7-bit dma

SP relative, CPL= 1 SP Register 16-bit Stack Pointer

+Address

7-bit dma

16-bit Data Memory Address

ESIEE, Slide 21

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