导航考研英语写作讲义

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写作 writing

一、 大纲解读

（一）评价目标：

考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等，还应能写一般描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章。短文写作时，考生应能：

1） 做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当； 2） 遵循文章的特定文体格式；

3） 合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯； 4） 根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当使用语域。

（二）考试内容：

该部分由A、B两节组成，考查考生的书面表达能力。总分30分。

A节：考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。考生在答题卡2上作答。满分10分。

B节：要求考生根据提示信息写出一篇160－200词的短文（标点符号不计算在内）。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。考生在答题卡2上作答。满分20分。

（三）评分原则和方法：

1、虽然A、B两节的考查要点有所不同，但对考生写作能力的基本要求是相同的，所以一般评分标准对两节都适用。但根据两节的不同考查要点，评分是会有不同的侧重点。

A节

应用文的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域（指在书面和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象，所采用的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的话语）的恰当。对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题作调整。允许在作文中使用提示语中出现过的关键词，但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分。

B节

B节作文的评分重点在于内容的完整性、文章的连贯组织性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。

2、评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来给分。评分人员在档内有1－3分的调节分。

3、A节作文的字数要求是100词左右。B节作文的字数要求是160－200词。文章长度不符合要求的，酌情扣分。

4、拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

5、如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。 A 主语

1) Taking a walk after supper will do you a lot of good.

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2) Getting everything ready in time is not easy. 3) Living in the countryside is good to your health. 4) Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. 5) Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.

1) To err is human, to forgive divine.

2) To be prepared for war is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace. 3) To be flattered is not a good thing.

4) To acquire wealth is difficult, to preserve it more difficult, but to spend it wisely most difficult.

1) What I say and think are no business of yours. 2) That light travels in straight lines is known to all.

3) When the plane is to take off has not been announced. 4) Which plan is better is clear now.

1) It is a fact that...

2) It is good news that... 3) It is a question that... 4) It is likely that... 5) It is important that... 6) It has turned out that...

定语的多样化

1) It won't be long before we get over the serious crisis confronting us. 2) The substance, discovered by chance, has revolutionized medicine.

1) You are welcome to our Christmas party to be given in the classroom at 6:30 p.m. on December 25.

2) The meeting to be held next Monday will be important.

1) The American teacher spoke so slowly that everyone in the class could follow him. 2) People with creativity are seldom found nowadays.

1) The only reason why he did it was that he needed money.

2) One result of this emphasis on a college education is that many people go to college who do not belong there.

B 英语写作扩展的有效方法：

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1． 并列结构扩展法：

A. Extension by parallel of verbs

Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty. B. Extension by parallel of nouns.

A struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.

C. Extension by parallel of adverbs

D. Extension by parallel of phrases

E. Extension by parallel of clauses: what……and what……; to which …..and

to which ; ……partly because …….and partly because…….

---and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world F. Extension by parallel of sentences And, so my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country.

My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but ask what together we can do for the freedom of man.

Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate.

Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of be laboring those problems which divide us. Let both sides , for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms

2． 正反对比扩展法

A. not…..but: To those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer

not a pledge but a request.

B. Living or dead; good or bad; add or detract; C. However, yet, not yet, but

D. United , there is little we can not do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided,

there is little we can do, --for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.

3． 总分结构扩展法

A. such as, for example, with, of

B. To us---- to my parents, my brother and sister and I, 4． 插入扩展法

A. Extension by generalization: in a large sense, in a certain degree

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B. Extension by concession: although, 5． 递进扩展法

A. in fact, indeed

B. furthermore, moreover, in addition 6． 列举法

First, second , third 7． 因果扩展法

8． 词的重复使用

Let both sides , for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms---and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations. 9.

(1)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served to much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe .

(2) In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.

(3) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. (4) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice

(5) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “Unity we stand, divided we fall”

(6) The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.

(7) We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages. (8)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.

(9)Tylor defined culture as “…that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.” (10)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.

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(11) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.

(12)Pearson has pieced together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.

(13) And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.

C Basic Writing Patterns in Exams 行文结构

对立观点型

(1) 行文：

错误！未找到引用源。一些人认为…… 错误！未找到引用源。另外一些人认为…… 错误！未找到引用源。我的看法

(2) 建议采用结构（原则：起、承、转、合）

错误！未找到引用源。描述现象 句 型：1) …has become a hot topic among people recently. Opinions vary from person to person. 2) Nowadays, people are divided on the question as to

whether…

3) Different people have different views on…

4) The issue of whether or not …has been widely argued

currently. 错误！未找到引用源。 , 错误！未找到引用源。 中 句 型：

1）Some people suggest / hold the opinion that…. However / while other people hold a different point of view.

2）When it comes to …, some people think / believe that….

However / while others claim that the opposite / reverse is true.

3）Nowadays, an overwhelming majority of people think

that….Nevertheless, there are still some people of the opinion that…

错误！未找到引用源。我的看法 句 型：1）As far as I am concerned, I would like to agree to the former

to some extent.

2）As to me, I would like to agree to the former to some extent.

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3）For my part, I would like to agree to the former to some extent.

4) In my opinion, both sides are partly right. When we…, we

should take into consideration all aspects of the problems and then make the right decision.

说明利弊（优缺点）型

（1） 描述现象

(2） 句 型：1）There are several advantages in / of …

The biggest advantage is that… Moreover, … Finally, …

2）…has a positive impact / effect on people’s lives.

3）…is playing an increasingly important role in people’s lives.

（3） 句 型：1）However,…, just like anything else, has its negative side as well.

2）Of course, the disadvantages can not be ignored. 3）However, just as everything has tow sides, …also has many disadvantages.

4）However, the negative aspects are also obvious / evident. To begin with, …

To make matters worse,… Worst of all,… （4） 看法

句 型：1）As to me, I think the advantages carry more weight than the disadvantages. 2）Anyway, I still believe…has more advantages than disadvantages.

3）But for me, I think what is more important is its positive side. 阐述主题型

? 例文分析：Practice Makes Perfect

此类型结构：

（1） 句 型：1）Here is an old saying,… It is the experience of our forefathers.

However, it is correct in many cases even today.

2）One of our ancient philosophers said… Chinese people have

always been holding the idea to be one of their standards of morality.

（2） 正面论证

错误！未找到引用源。举例论证

句 型：1）Take…for example…

2）A good case in point is …

3）Perhaps the most important / striking example of…is…

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4）I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the

example of…

错误！未找到引用源。“事实证明……”

句 型：1）No one can ignore / overlook / deny the fact that…

2）Nothing could be more obvious than the evidence that…

(3)结论 / 号召

句 型：1）From what have been discussed above, we may come to /

reach / draw the conclusion that…

2）Taking into consideration all the factors, we may safely

arrive at the conclusion that…

解决问题型

(1）描述问题

句 型：

1）Although…has brought convenience to us, many people have begun

to

realize that it is the source of trouble as well. 2）In recent years, many cities / nations / people have been faced /

troubled

with the serious problem of… 3）With the amazing / fantastic / rapid development / improvement

of economy, great changes have taken place in …

4）There is no denying the fact that …has become the utmost concern among people nowadays. （2）分析原因 句 型：1）Here are many reasons for it. First, … Second, … Finally, … 2）What has possibly led / contributed to this problem? In the first place,…

3）Perhaps the most important / main reason is…

4）It is no easy job to identify the reason for…, which involves

several complicated factors. For some,… For others,…

(3）分析解决方法

句 型：1）The first key factor to solve this problem is… Another key

factor is…

2）People have found many solutions to dealing with this problem.

3）We can figure out many ways to relieve the present crisis. 4）Then, how should we solve this problem? Here are some

suggestions, which may be of some help.

5）It is high time that … Here are a few examples of some of the

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measures that might be taken immediately.

6）Obviously, if we ignore / are blind to this problem, the

chances are that …will be put into jeopardy.

7）No effective solution can be at hand to tackle / resolve the

problem of… but the general awareness of the importance of …might be the first step in the right direction.

D 段落展开

Development by time

My heart gave a leap when I heard the announcement that our train would soon arrive at its destination—Beijing. Like other passengers, I began to collect my things and put my mug, towel, atlas, apples and other things into my bag. To the tune of a beautiful song the train pulled into the station and gently stopped by a platform. I walked out of the train and was carried forward by the stream of people into an underground passage and then into a big hall. As I stepped out of the station, I was dazzled by the bright autumn skies of Beijing. Though I had been on the train for more than thirty hours and spent a sleepless night, I didn’t feel tired at all, and I believed my days in Beijing would be as sunny as the skies.

Development by process

It is necessary for a person to know how to post a parcel, since almost everyone has relatives and friends living far away and he may like to send them something Different objects are packed in different ways. Things like bottles of medicines and watches should be put into wooden boxes to avoid leakage. After you have packed the objects, put down your address and that of the addressee on the wrapping. Give the parcel to the postal clerk for him to check. He will then give you a form to fill in. Having filled in the form, you give it together with the parcel to the clerk. He will weigh the parcel and tell you how much you should pay. You pay the money and get a receipt. Be sure to keep your receipt until you are sure that the addressee has received the parcel. If anything wrong should happen to your parcel, you can show the receipt to the clerk and ask to be reimbursed.

Development by example

This term several useful and interesting courses have been offered. An Introduction to European Culture, for instance, gives us a lot of background knowledge of the history of European philosophy, literature and arts. From time to time, we see slide shows of famous paintings and hear tapes of famous pieces of music, and they make the lectures all the more interesting. American Society and Culture is another course that attracts a large audience. The teacher, who visited the United States not long ago, discusses new trends and changes in American life as well as American history and traditions. We like these and other courses very much, because they help us not only to improve our English but also to broaden our vision.

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Knowledge often results only after persistent investigation. Albert Einstein, after alengthy examination of the characteristics of matter and energy, formulated his famous Theory of Relativity, which now acts as a basis for further research in nuclear physics. Using plaster casts of footprints, fingerprints, and stray strands of hair, a detective pertinaciously pursues the criminal. After years of work Annie Jump Cannon perfected the classification of the spectra of some 35000 stars. As students, we too are determined in our investigation to find, retain, and contribute to the store of human knowledge

Development by cause and effect

Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts（相对应的人）in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall’s U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.

Development by classification When global warming finally came, it stuck with a vengeance (异乎寻常地). In some regions, temperatures rose several degrees in less than a century. Sea levels shot up nearly 400 feet, flooding coastal settlements and forcing people to migrate inland. Deserts spread throughout the world as vegetation shifted drastically in North America, Europe and Asia. After driving many of the animals around them to near extinction, people were forced to abandon their old way of life for a radically new survival strategy that resulted in widespread starvation and disease. The adaptation was farming: the global-warming crisis that gave rise to it happened more than 10,000 years ago.

发展段落的连接手段

1.例证法常用的连接词有：

for example / say /for one thing /to illustrate /as follows /such as’ /first /furthermore/ /in addition /one/still another/in summary 3.分类法常用的连接词及结构有：

the first is/after that/in fact/divide… into…/classify.. into../categorize. .into…/fall into…/there are… kinds of … 4．定义法常用的连接词有：

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be described/be explained/the definition of/in other words/this means /be defined as/refer to/state that namely

5.表示因果关系常用的连接词有：

because/since/as/considering/in view of/on account of/owing to /seeing that

the reason why… is that…/ this explains why…/because of/ so /thus /hence/therefore/ according

consequently /so that/as a result of /in consequence of/in consideration of / result in lead to/ result from thanks to /contribute to 6.表示比较对比的连接词有：

like /as/likewise/ unlike/similarly/ so/in the same way /on the one hand/on the other hand/compared with/by comparison/ in contrast/on the contrary/ but/despite/ yet/instead /while

7.用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句有：

in general generally speaking on the whole usually

now recently in the first place to begin with to start with first of all first firstly

it is often said that… as the proverb says.. there is a saying going that…

it goes without speaking that… it is clear/obvious/apparent/ evident that…

many people often ask such a question…

8.用于表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句有：

furthermore also moreover meantime at the same time meanwhile what’s more for instance for example take… as an example in addition to apart from aside from besides secondly next without doubt undoubtedly

it is true that…. Everybody knows that…. It can be easily proved that… no one can deny that… One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is….

This can be expressed as follows.. we have reason to believe that… I am of the opinion that…

9.用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性语句有：

but however still nevertheless On the other hand conversely on the contrary Just as the same coin has two sides,…

Another special consideration in this case is that… But the problem is not so simple…

This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to … Though we are in basic agreement with… 10.用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句有：

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in brief in a word in sum in conclusion to conclude therefore so thus

all in all consequently as a result as a consequence hence briefly speaking in short obviously we can draw a conclusion from this that……

therefore, these findings reveal such a fact that…. The result is dependent on….

From this point of view , we can see… Thus we can come to a conclusion that… 11.时间顺序法常用的词和词组有：

first/ then / meanwhile/soon/ after / before/afterwards /now / finally /in the past /in the end /eventually/and so on / first of / in an instant/in a moment /in the future/ previously/from the very beginning

12.空间顺序法常用的词和词组有：

in /on /at /in the middle of /at the heart of /at the center of /across from/on the left/right of /in front of /adjacent to

/at the bottom /on the opposite side /opposite to /on top of/at the back of /at/on/in the corner of E 2005 Part A

51. Directions:

Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & fashions. But now you find that the word is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision stating your reason(s), and making an apology. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points) 小作文范文： Dear Mr. Wang,

I am writing to inform you of my decision to resign from my current position due to some factors involved which I can't stand.

First of all, the salary has proven to be much lower than you promised at the time I took up the job, and I have a large family to support. What's more, a period of experience here shows to me that my personality doesn't agree with the relational demands between colleagues. Most importantly, I feelrather disappointed and left out on the job itself because in the past two months I was never given any really important responsibility.

I honestly hope that you can approve of my requirement for resignation. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.

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Yours sincerely, Li Ming

2006年 Part A

51. Directions:

You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use Li Ming instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

Dear Sir or Madam,

As a college student who is studying and living in a good environment, I wish to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial assistance to a child in a remote area. Having conceived such a plan for a long time, I write this letter to request your help to recommend a proper candidate.

I wonder if it is convenient for you if three things concerning the child are taken into consideration. First, the child should come from Gansu Province, for I intend to help a child from my hometown. Second, it will be better if the child is a primary school student. I hope I will help him/her from the very beginning. In addition, he/she must be willing to return to his hometown to help built it after graduation from university. My plan will be carried out as follows. On one hand, I will remit at least 2,000 yuan in cash every year until he/she finishes his/her education before entering college. On the other hand, I decide to teach the child math and English in person during my summer vacation, which will surely be more beneficial to the child.

Your prompt help would be highly appreciated. And I am looking forward to your reply very soon.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

sample

You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department for a bookstore to ask for:

1) detailed information about the books you want. 2) methods of payment. 3) time and way of delivery.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address.

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(10 points)

January 10th, 2009

Dear Sir / Madam,

I am writing to ask for some reference books for my coming English test. Here are some detailed requirements about the books I want. First, they need to be on grammar of English. Secondly, they need to be English version. Thirdly, they should be published after the year of 2000.

As for the methods of payment, I intend to pay for the books via the bank if it is convenient to you. Or you may offer the option.

I need these books for the test next month so that time is important to me. I wonder whether it is possible for me to get them within this week and whether you could inform me at the number 6677 5520 if they are available and I will take them by myself. Your early reply will be greatly appreciated.

Yours

sincerely,

Li Ming

2007.

Directions: Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points) 2008

Directions:

You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to 1) make an apology, and 2) suggest a solution.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

小作文

格式：错误！未找到引用源。信封：信封表面左上方写发信人地址，右下方写收信人地址

错误！未找到引用源。称呼与落款

1） 不认识的人

Dear Sir / Madam, …

Yours faithfully,

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Tom

2) 认识但不熟悉的人

Dear Mr. / Ms. / Dr. / Prof. Smith, …

Yours sincerely, Tom 3) 朋友

Dear Mary, …

Best wishes (regards) / Love, Tom

1.投诉信

1）I am writing to you to complain about… 2) Upon examination, we have found that the .. is too inferior to meet the

requirement at ... The following problems trouble me a great deal. 3)To improve the situation, it is advisable to take the following measures. For one thing,… For another,…I do hope that the problems will be solved as soon as possible.

2.询问信

1）I would like to inquire about some information on … I would be very grateful if you could …..as soon as possible. 2）I shall be grateful if you could have details concerning … available. We

would be grateful for any further information you may be able to give us about the …..

3）I am looking forward to a favourable reply at your earliest convenience. 3.道歉信

1）I must apologize to you for…

2)If you should find our activities bothersome, please don’t hesitate to let us know.

It is due to my

negligence, for which I’m exceedingly sorry.

3)Please accept my sincere apology for … once more.

4.感谢信

1）I am thankful to you for your unselfish assistance during…

2）My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words.I wish I could repay it someday.

5.邀请信

1）I am pleased to invite you to participate in … to be held from … to … in …You are welcome to the party..I eagerly hope you can come.

2)The party will hold a lot of wonderful surprises for you, so make sure you join

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us then. It will also be an opportunity for all of us to step out of our professional roles and really connect as people.

3）… is served at 6 p.m., and there are games afterwards. …. We hope you can come, and look forward to seeing you by then. I am looking forward to your reply, and eventually seeing you.

6.求职信

1）I have read your advertisement in …（刊物、地点名称）of …（时间）for a secretary, and should be grateful if you consider me as a candidate for the position. 2)

3) I shall be pleased to furnish you with any further information concerning my education and work experience.

7求学信

1）I wish to apply to admission to your department as a postgraduate

student.

2)

3）It would be appreciative of you if you could send me some relevant

information at your earliest convenience. 8.推荐信

1)I am very glad to recommend to you a student of mine, Mr. / Ms. …, to be an ideal candidate for… 2)

3) If any further information about him / her is required, please let me know. 9. 祝贺

1)……….. I congratulate you on this achievement. 2) I tried to wait till I heard about this from you but decided to write this letter right away because I just cannot wait to tell you how happy I am for you at this moment. I am proud of you ……. I am really happy for you.

3) ………., I am sure, you will continue to challenge yourself to ever greater

success in your future career.

10. 介绍

1)This will introduce Mr. …., a good friend of mine who ….. I would be grateful

for anything you could do for him to …….

2)Mr. .. was….. I know…

3)My appreciation to you for your generous help is beyond my words.

11．辞职

1）I am writing to inform you of my decision to resign from my current

position d

ue to some factors involved which I can't stand.

2）First of all, ……. Moreover,……. Most importantly, …….

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3）I honestly hope that you can approve of my requirement for resignation. I

am s

orry for any inconvenience caused.

2005 Part B

52. Directions:

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay ,you should first describe the drawing the interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)



The picture above symbolically demonstrates how three sons and a daughter treat their old and helpless father. They each stand in a different comer of a football field. The eldest son kicks out the father while the other children are prepared to ward him off. It is sad to see none of them is willing to receive and support their father. What it illustrates is a common phenomenon in today's society: many grown-up children refuse to support their aging parents.

While young people enjoy a comfortable life, their parents are neglected and left in utter poverty, as these elderly people have grown so physically weak that they no longer have the power to support themselves. I think these children have gone against their own conscience and therefore may be put under strong attacks of words and contempt by us. According to Chinese culture, to respect the old and love the young are the traditional virtue and to be kind to one's parents is the height of it. We owe so much to our parents in the they not

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only gave us life but have done much in bringing us up. It is against nature for us to escape from our responsibility of taking care of our parents when they are old.

On the contrary, we have the duty to pay back their love by making their later years enjoyable and happy. With love and respect for the old, our society will be full of sunshine; Without love and respect for the old, our society will be dark through.

2006年 Part B

52. Directions:

Study the following photos carefully and write an essay of 160~200 words in which you should

1. describe the photos briefly,

2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3. give your point of view.

注：Beckham（贝克汉姆）——英国足球明星

参考例文

How ironic the two pictures are in describing one of the most widespread social phenomena concerning idol adoration! In the first picture, a young man writes the name of Beckham on his face. In the second picture, another young man spends 300 yuan in dealing with his hair to make himself look like Beckham. The meaning conveyed in the two pictures reveals that in current China some young people are losing themselves.

I am greatly shocked by the enthusiasm for this British football superstar shown by these two young men. Frankly speaking, things of this kind really happen among us. Some people, especially college students, do nothing but concentrate on imitating superstars. This does great harm to their study and growth. If we can’t stop the worsening of this tendency, our own culture will be damaged, and we ourselves will be the ultimate victims.

From my point of view, a lot of measures should be taken to save our losing culture and

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re-find ourselves. In fact, some measures have already been taken. In my university, campaigns have been launched to educate people to pay more attention to our traditional culture and read more books instead of focusing on our appearances. As a result, we have witnessed some improvements but still there is a long way to go.

2007

52. Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describing the drawing briefly, 2) explain its intended meaning, and the then 3) support your view with an example / examples. You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

2008

Directions:

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

1) describe the drawing briefly,

2) explain its intended meaning, and then

3) give your comments.

You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

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历年真题

1996

DIRECTIONS:

A) Title: GOOD HEALTH B) Time limit: 40 minutes

C) Word limit: 120-150 words (not including the given opening sentence) D) Your composition should be based on the OUTLINE below and should start with the given opening sentence: \E) Your composition must be written clearly in the ANSWER SHEET. OUTLINE:

1. Importance of good health 2. Ways to keep fit 3. My own practices

1997

Directions:

A. Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.

C. Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below: 1. Interpret the following pictures.

2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.

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1998

Directions:

A. Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in no less than 150 words. B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon. 2. Give your comments

1999

Part V Writing (15 points) 76. Directions:

A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET Ⅱ.

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C. Your essay should cover these three points:

l. effect of the country's growing human population on its wildlife 2. possible reason for the effect

3. your suggestion for wildlife protection

2000

A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write and essay of at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Describe the pictures.

2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures. 3. Suggest counter-measures.

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2001

Directions:

Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone has his/her own understanding of it.

There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to

1) show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below, 2) give a specific example, and 3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love. You should write about 200 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

2002

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Directions:

Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures—National and International”.

In the essay you should

1) describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2) give your comment on the phenomenon.

You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

2003年

66. Directions:

Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and 2) point out its implications in our life.

You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

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2004年

Section IV Writing 66. Directions:

Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the drawing, 2) interpret its meaning, and

3) support your view with examples. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

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