2016新课标三维人教英语 选修八 Unit 5 Section 3

Section_ⅢGrammar—_现在完成进行时

语法图解

探究发现

①Well, we've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.

②It has been raining since last week.

③He has been writing a novel, which will be finished next month. ④He has written a novel, which is being prepared to come out now.

⑤I have been visiting my hometown recently, and it impresses me differently each time. ⑥I have visited my hometown recently, whose changes have left a deep impression on me.

⑦Recently she has always been helping me. ⑧Recently she has helped me a lot. [我的发现]

(1)由句①②③看出现在完成进行时的构成形式为：have/has＋been＋doing。 (2)比较句③④，现在完成进行时强调动作未完成；而现在完成时强调动作已经结束。 (3)比较句⑤⑥，现在完成进行时强调动作的重复，现在完成时可以表示一次性动作。 (4)比较句⑦⑧，现在完成进行时表示一种感情色彩；现在完成时则陈述一种事实。

一、现在完成进行时

1．基本含义：表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作；表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作；表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内，重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感情色彩(关切、惊异、愤怒、赞许等)。

2．基本结构：have/has been doing

We have been waiting for you for half an hour.(动作刚结束) 我们一直等了你半个小时。

The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. (动作还将继续下去) 中国有2 000年的造纸历史。

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I have been learning English since three years ago.(动作还将继续下去) 自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。 You have been coughing a lot lately. (关切) 近来你一直咳嗽。

Too much has been happening today. (感慨) 今天真是个多事的日子啊。

He has always been studying hard. (赞许) 他学习一直很刻苦。

[名师点津] 现在完成进行时的特点：

(1)兼具现在完成时及现在进行时的特点；(2)可以表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响；(3)也可以表示某一动作的延续性、临时性、重复性、生动性及感情色彩。

[即时演练1] 补全句子

①(2016·江苏高考改编)Dashan, who has_been_learning crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.

大山学习相声——中国的传统喜剧形式——数十年了，他想把中国相声与西方的单口相声融合起来。

②(2016·北京高考改编)－Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for? —The new StarWars. We have_been_waiting here for more than two hours. ——打扰一下，你们在等着看哪部电影？

——新版的《星球大战》。我们已经在这里等了两个多小时了。

③(2014·湖南高考改编)Since the time humankind started gardening, we have_been_trying to make our environment more beautiful.

自从人类从事园艺以来，我们就一直试图将我们的环境打造得更美丽。 ④(2014·江西高考改编)—Tony, why are your eyes red? —I have_been_cutting_up peppers for the last five minutes. ——汤尼，你的眼睛怎么通红？ ——刚才切了五分钟的辣椒。

二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别

1．现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。

I have written a book.(动作已经完成) 我已经写了一本书。

They have been building a bridge.(动作还将继续下去) 他们一直在建造一座桥。

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2．现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调动作行为本身。 The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon. 一整个下午，这位修理工一直在修车。

The repairman has repaired your car, and you can have it now. 修理工已修好了你的车，现在你可以把它开走。 [即时演练2]

根据汉语提示，在下列句中填入正确的时态

①The manager has_been_telling (tell) the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.

自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人们如何改善这一方案。

② It is reported that the project has_already_been_completed (complete). 据报道工程已被完成。

三、有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时，这些动词为： 状态动词：be, have, exist； 情感动词：like, love, hate；

感觉动词：see, hear, know, feel, sound； 短暂性动词：finish, marry, get up, come, go 等。 I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 They have finished the work. 他们已经完成了这份工作。

[即时演练3] 用所给词的适当形式填空

①There has_existed (exist) an old temple since the Ming Dynasty.

②I have_been_teaching (teach) English for almost twenty years, and I will step in another new teaching year.

③He hasn't_felt (not feel) himself since yesterday.

Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空

1．Sorry, I'm full. I have_had (have) supper already. 2．Maria has_been_learning/has_learned (learn) English for two years and she does well in it.

3．Tom has_been_working (work) in the library every night over the last three months. 4．Hello, Tom. I have_been_looking (look) for you all morning. Where have you been? 5．All these years they have_been_contributing (contribute) articles to our magazine. 版权所有:中国好课堂www.zghkt.cn

6．They have_been_married (marry) for almost 15 years. 7．The little boy is dirty all over because he has_been_playing/has_played (play) in the mud all the morning.

8．Here he is! We have_been_waiting (wait) anxiously for him since last night. Ⅱ.单句写作

1．We have_been_cleaning the classroom all the afternoon. 我们一整个下午一直在打扫教室。 2．She has_always_been_working like that. 她一贯是这样工作的。

3．I've been_reading_this_book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 这本书我已经读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。 4．We have_been_seeing quite a lot of each other recently. 最近我们一直经常见面。 5．He has_gone_to Beijing. 他去北京了。

6．He has_been_a_soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。

7．He hasn't_found his pen yet. 他还没有找到他的钢笔。

8．He has_been_away from China for three years. 他离开中国三年了。

9．I have_known_them for five years. 我认识他们五年了。

10．Both of them came_to Hong Kong ten days ago. 他们两个人十天前来到香港。 Ⅲ.语法填空

Jay Chou was born in a small town in Taiwan __1__ January 18,1979. He grew up in a single-parent family. Jay has always been shy __2__ quiet, even as a child. He did not do well in school, and his mother often worried about his future.

As a small child, he __3__ (show) a special sensitivity towards music. His mother enrolled Jay in piano lessons when he was three years old. Jay practiced piano beautifully, and by the time he __4__ (reach) high school, he could improvise (即兴创作) many songs.

Jacky Wu discovered that Jay had a musical talent (天赋) after seeing his composition in a competition. Jacky hired Jay to compose songs for various artists. Shortly after, Jay moved into a studio in Alfa music to create songs for various pop singers, __5__ (combine) 版权所有:中国好课堂www.zghkt.cn

Chinese and Western music styles to produce songs. It wasn't until years later __6__ Jay himself became a singer.

Jay Chou released his first album in 2000. Since then he __7__ (release) albums, and his music has gained __8__ (recognize) throughout Asia. His popularity sky-rocketed and he __9__ (receive) many awards for his songs. Jay changed the Asian music industry with his soulful lyrics (歌词) and his melodies (曲调). As his fan, I __10__ (enjoy) the music interpreted by him. What else Jay has in store for us is still to be seen.

语篇解读：本文介绍了歌手周杰伦的音乐之路以及他取得的成就。 1．on 在具体的某一天常用介词on。

2．and 并列连词and连接两个形容词“shy”和“quiet”。 3．showed 根据As a small child可知。 4．reached 根据下文could improvise可知。

5．combining 现在分词短语combining ...在句中作状语，主语Jay与它之间为主动关系。

6．that It was ...that ...为强调句式。

7．has been releasing since then作状语，句子要用完成时，又根据句意可知此处表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作，要用现在完成进行时。

8．recognition 作gained的宾语，要用名词形式。

9．has received 根据情境和句子结构可知，此处应用现在完成时。 10．have been enjoying 句意：作为他的粉丝，我一直喜欢他的音乐。

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