雅思线图范文

line graph

C11P77 Carbon dioxide emissions C9P101 U.S. Energy consumption C8p101 Goods transported in UK C7p53 Fish and meat consumption C6P30 Global water use

C5P29 proportion of population aged 65 and over

C11P77 Carbon dioxide emissions

Karen’s Writing

The graph compares changes in the amounts of average carbon dioxide emissions per person in four European countries from 1967 to 2007.

In 1967 carbon dioxide emissions in the UK was the largest, with about 10.8 metric tonnes per person. In Sweden, Italy and Portugal, the emissions stood at 8.8,4.2 and 1.7 metric tonnes respectively.

It is clear from the line graph that over the 40-year period, the emissions of carbon dioxide in the UK fell sharply to 9 metric tonnes while those in Sweden saw a small increase from 1967 to 1977, peaking at 10.2 metric tonnes. During the next 30-year period, the amounts decreased significantly to just below 6.

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By contrast, carbon dioxide emissions in Italy showed an upward trend, overtaking those of Sweden in 1990 at 7 metric tonnes. By 2007, it had reached just under 8 metric tonnes. Similarly, the emissions in Portugal kept growing to 5.5 metric tonne in 2007, at the same amounts with those in Sweden.

Overall, the graph shows that the carbon dioxide emissions declined in the UK and Sweden whereas grew in Italy and Portugal over the 40-year period.

C9P101 U.S. Energy consumption

Examiner’s Writing

The graph shows energy consumption in the US from 1980 to 2012, and projected consumption to 2030.

Petrol and oil are the dominant fuel sources throughout this period, with 35 quadrillion (35q) units used in 1980，rising to 42q in 2012. Despite some initial fluctuation, from 1995 there was a steady increase. This is expected to continue, reaching 47q in 2030.

Consumption of energy derived from natural gas and coal is similar over the period. From 20q and 15q respectively in 1980, gas showed an initial fall and coal a gradual increase, with the two fuels equal between 1985 and 1990. Consumption has fluctuated since 1990 but both now

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provide 24q. Coal is predicted to increase steadily to 31q in 2030, whereas after 2014, gas will remain stable at 25q.

In 1980, energy from nuclear, hydro- and solar/wind power was equal at only 4q. Nuclear has risen by 3q, and solar/wind by 2. After slight increases, hydropower has fallen back to the 1980 figure. It is expected to maintain this level until 2030, while the others should rise slightly after 2025.

Overall, the US will continue to rely on fossil fuels, with sustainable and nuclear energy sources remaining relatively insignificant.

C8p101 Goods transported in UK

The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK between 1974 and 2002 by four different modes of transport.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

It is clear that in 1974, goods transported by road were largest, with 70 million tonnes. Band 8

The graph illustrates the quantities of goods transported in the United kingdom by four different modes of transport between the time period of 1974 and 2002. Over this span of 28 years, the quantities of goods transported by road, water and pipeline have all increased while the quantities transported by rail has remained almost constant at about 40 million tonnes.

The largest quantities of goods transported both in 1974 and 2002 were by road(70 million tonnes and 98 million tonnes respectively) while the lowest both in 1974 and 2002 was by pipeline(about 5 million tonnes and 22 million tonnes respectively). The amount of goods transported by water was constant from 1974 to 1978, where it plateaued for about 20 years before starting to rise gradually again.

The amount of goods transported by rail is almost constant at 40 million tonnes in 1974 and 2002, with decreases in quantity in between the years. It is also interesting to note that almost all

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showed a decrease in 1994 in amount of goods transported except for the pipeline, which actually peaked in that year.

In conclusion the road remains the most popular method of transporting goods in the UK while water and pipelines are becoming increasingly used, have not become more popular as a method of transport.

C7p53 Fish and meat consumption

The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in European country between 1979 and 2004.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features,and make comparison where relevant.

Examiner’s Writing

The graph illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamp, chicken, and, fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.

In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamp and chicken were eaten in similar quantities(around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed(just over 50 grams)

However,during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamp fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively.The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.

The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per

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week.

Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreased over the period.

C6P30 Global water use

The graph and table below give information about water use worldwide and water consumption in two different countries.

Examiner’s Writing

The graph shows how the amount of water used worldwide changed between 1900 and 2000.

Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural purposes, and this increased dramatically from about 500 km3 to around 3,000 km3 in the year 2000. Water used in the industrial and domestic sectors also increased, but consumption was minimal until mid-century. From 1950 onwards, industrial use grew steadily to just over 1,000 km3, while domestic use rose more slowly to only 300 km3, both far below the levels of consumption by agriculture.

The table illustrates the differences in agricultural consumption in some areas of the world by contrasting the amount of irrigated land in Brazil (26,500 km2) with that in the D.R.C. (100 km2). This means that a huge amount of water is used in agriculture in Brazil, and this is reflected in the

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