英文翻译

西 南 交 通 大 学 本科毕业设计（论文）

姓 名:夏云霞指导老师:刘盾

外文资料翻译

年 级:2012级 学 号:20124059

专 业:电子商务

2016 年 5 月

Logistics in commerce Ⅲ:

A guide to planning the logistics process

1、Typesoflogisticsagents

Differenttypesoflogisticsagentsexistdependingonthecoverandnatureoftheservicestheyperform.Accordingtothedefinitiongivenby Alberto Maier, the international logistics expert, thefirstlevelismadeupoftheso-called anagerwhichmaybethecompanyoranother

logisticsagentwhichmanagesseveralprocesses.TogiveaPracticalexamplewhichiseasytounderstand,inthefieldofe-commerceitmightbealorrydriverwhoiscontractedbyalocal.supermarketwhichsellsonlinealloverthecitytodistributeitsproducts.

ThesecondlevelismadeupofSecondPartyLogisticsor2PL,

companieswhichcoordinateseveral1PLservicestocovertransportandstorage,forexample. Forexample,

atransportagencywhichmanagesdifferentroutes.

So,

ifthesupermarketwhichisourexampleabovesoldproductsalloverSpain,itmightcontractthistypeofservicetocoverthenationalterritory.

ThirdPartyLogisticsor3PLmanagethemainpartofthecompany'slogistics,theflowof goodsbetweendifferentorganizations,fromtransportationuptopackagingorstorage,coordinatingseveral1PL,2PLorevenother3PL.Theyareintegratedserviceswhichaddedvalue-addedandaresometimesalsoresponsibleformanagingthecompany'ssupplychain.

Forexample,anonlinestorewhichcontractsoutthemanagementofitsordersandstorage toanoperatorwhichisinchargeofpackagingthemwiththecompanylogoandsending

themtotheendcustomer,thankstotheintegrationwiththecompany'sorder managementITsystem.

Lastly,FourthPartyLogisticsor4PLarein

chargeoftheentiretyofthelogisticsprocess,includingthecompany,itsclientsanditssuppliers.Alsoknownasvirtualoperators,they

manageandcoordinateotherserviceoperators'knowledgeandresources.Anexample wouldbeAmazon,whichtakesresponsibilityforpickingup,packagingandsendingorders madebyonlinestoreswhicharewithinitsownelectronicmarket,alsosendingitbyitsownsuppliers.

Hence,thefirstthingistosee

whatkindofoperatoryouneed,andwhatoptionseachofthemprovidestoseeiftheyfitinwithyourneeds.Youcanenquiretoseewhatsuppliers

areavailableonLogismarketorFIATA,andoncewehavethelistwehavetoanswerthe

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?FirstPartyLogistics?or1PL,

whichareresponsibleforaspecificactivitywithinthelogisticsprocess,andaresubcontractedbyam

questionswhichfollowbelow.

2、Whattypesofproductscantheysend?

Usuallynoproblemsariseinfindingalogistics operatortosendsmalland/orlightproducts.Butnotallofthemhaveservicesforheavyloadsorlargevolumes,and,whatismore,itis thesefigureswhichdeterminetherangeofprices. thedeliverycosts.

AspokespersonforUPS,whichisawareoftheserequirements,tellsusthatthecompany createdanewaircargoservicein2013calledUPSWorldwideExpressFreight, ntscantransportpalletsofover70kgaspackagesexclusivelythroughtheUPS globalnetworkfrom37countriesoforigin

-

includingSpain

-

to41countriesand

destinationterritories”,UPSsays.Thisdefineddate,homedeliverywithamoneyback guaranteeincludesnext-dayworkabledaydeliveryfromEurope,thePacificAsiaregionor fromSouthAmericatotheUnitedStates.

DHLsaysthatbecauseoftheirlargenetworktheyareabletosendbothsmallandlargevolumes.“IntheExpressdivisionourdeliveriesarebyplane.WealsohavetheDHLGlobalForwardingdivisionwhichoffersseacargoservicestoanywhereallovertheworld”.They

alsosaytheyhavecapacitytopickuptheproductatacertainwarehouseswithinSpainanddeliveritatseveralpointsinanothercountry,whichmaybedirectlytothehomeoftheend

customer.“Thisservicehasreal-timemonitoringandacknowledgementofreceipt”saysNuno.

Butlogisticsoperatorsarenotchosenpurelybymeasurements.Certainproducts,suchasfoods,needtobspeciallyrefrigeratedinordertomaintainthecoldchain.

Integra2

isalogisticsoperatorwhichoffersarefrigeratedhomedeliverye-commerceserviceforthegourmetfoodsector,andwhichguaranteesthatthecoldchainwillbemaintainedatbetween+2oCand+8Cfromthetime

thepackageispickedupuntildelivery.Wearetoldthattheirshipmentsystemguaranteesa100%moneybackguaranteeandanautomaticsendingofanSMSand/oremailwhentheshipmentisdocumented.ThesystemalsooffersaupcomingdeliverymessagesentbySMS.Forthetimebeing,homedeliveryisperformedinSpainandPortugal.

forheavy

internationalshipmentswhichareurgent,time-sensitiveandofgreatvalue.“WithThisservice,clie

hence,youshouldmakeanaverage

estimateoftheweightandthemeasuresofthearticleswhichwillbetransportedtocalculate

3、Dotheyprovidehomedelivery?

Homedeliveryiswhatiscalledthe?lastmile?,whichisthesectionoftheshipmentfromthe timethepackagereachesthelogisticsoperator'sfacilitiesuptothespecificaddresswhichthecustom

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erhasindicatedasthedestination.Insomecases,aswesaidintheabovepointwithregardtoshipmentstoEuropebyIntegra2,thispartisnotincluded.Soifyouwishto

offerthecustomerthepossibilityofsendingittohishouseoroffice,youhavetocheckthattheyhavethisdeliveryatdestinationservice.

Aswesaidinthefirstarticleonplanning,wecanoptforthedeliverytoofficesorpointsagreedbyagentstopreventfaileddeliveriesduetotherecipientbeingabsent.

In2012,UPSacquiredKiala,acompanywhichoffersdeliverysolutionsforbusyconsumers tobuyInternetproductsthroughtheirconveniencestorenetwork.Theythuscreated

“Click & Collect”serviceandUPSAccessPoint?,whichenablesretailerstoofferconvenientdeliveryandreturnoptionstotheircustomersacross12,000pick-uppointsalloverGermany,UnitedKingdom,France,Belgium,theNetherlands,LuxembourgandSpain.

DHLalsohasaservicecalledPackstation,whichofferssmallpackagepick-upbooths.“Therearecurrentlyover2,500inGermany,andthisisspreadingtootherEuropeancountries”,saysMartins.

However,everydaythatpassesnewalternativesarise.MetrodeMadridhassaidthat booth are going to be installed so that users can pick up their online purchases. Theserviceshouldbeupandrunningbytheendof2014orearly2015.Boothswillcomewith userinstructionsandacustomerserviceduringMetroopeninghours,toansweranyquestionsorqueries,ortohandleclaims.

ThissystemhasalreadybeensuccessfullyrolledoutincitiessuchasLondon,andhasbecomejustanotherwayofensuringthedeliveryreachestheendconsumer.

4、Whatareyourdeliveryperiods?

Aswesaidinthearticleonplanning,intheworldofe-commerce,thelongerittakesbetweenthetimetheproductisboughtanditarrives,themorechancesthereareofthecustomerregrettingthepurchaseorfindingsomethingelsehemightlikebetter.The shorter thedeliverytimesare,however,thehigherthecosts.

AccordingtoDHL,“ourrecommendationisalwaystoofferseveraldifferenttransportoptionsintermsofdeliveriesandprices,andletthebuyerchoosethetransportaccordingtohisneeds”.Sobuyersthemselvesdecideiftheywanttopaymoretohavetheirproductarrivequicker,orpaylessandwaitalittlelonger.

DHLoffersurgentandhighlyurgentdeliveryservices,of24hoursforSpainandthemostimportantEuropeancapitalsandbusinesscenters

andNewYork.Forfurtherawaydestinations,transittimesarewithin2-4days“Wehavelatepick-uptimes,andwithadvancewarning,wecanalsopickupoutsideworkinghours.Also,customersalways

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