塔式起重机一般安全规则

塔式起重机一般安全规则

1.2 General safety rules of tower crane

1.2.1 警告标识及含义

1.2.1 Warning signs and implications

在使用规则中，下述符号均为非常重要的标识：

During the use of rules, the following symbols are very important:

——警告词“危险”表示即将发生的危险状况。如果不能避免，将导致产品报废，及重大安全事故。

——警告词“警告”表示潜在的危险状况。如果不能避免，可能会导致产品损伤，及重大安全事故。

——警告词“注意”表示一种能够对设备、私人财产和/或环境带来损害，或使设备运行

不当的情况。如果不严格地遵守，可能造成财产损失、机器部件的损坏或降低机械性能，及一般安

全事故。

——“提示”用来对个别信息进行指示或附加说明。

Danger

——“Danger” indicates a hazardous condition that is about to happen. In the case of failure to avoid, death or severe injuries will be caused.

——“Warning” indicates a potential dangerous condition. In the case of failure to avoid, death or severe injuries may be caused.

——“Caution” indicates a potential dangerous condition. In the case of failure to avoid, minor or moderate injuries may be caused.

——“Prompt” Used to indicate or add to individual information.

1.2.2正确使用原则

1.2.2 Principles of proper use

1.2.2.1基本工作条件

1.2.2.1 Working conditions

1.2.2.1.1 风速/风压条件

1.2.2.1.1 Wind speed/wind pressure conditions

1）工作状态时塔机顶部风速≤20m/s，相当于风压250Pa，6 级风速。

1）In working state, when the wind speed at the top of the crane is below 20 m / s, it correspond to

the wind pressure 250Pa and 6 grades wind speed.

2）安装和顶升时塔机顶部风速≤12m/s，相当于风压90Pa，4 级风速。

2）During the erection and jacking, when the wind speed at the top of the crane is below 12m/s, it

correspond to the wind pressure 90Pa and 4 grades wind speed.

3）非工作状态的风速设计值是按离地面高度来进行取值。

3）The design value of the wind speed of non-working state is to be evaluated according to the height

of the ground.

a.当高度为0～20m 时，风速取36m/s，相当于风压810Pa，10 级风速；

a. During 0～20m, the 36m/s wind speed is equal to wind pressure 810Pa and 10 grades wind speed;

b.当高度为20m～100m 时，风速取42m/s，相当于风压1100Pa，11 级风速；

b. During 20m～100m, the 42m/s wind speed is equal to wind pressure 1100Pa and

11grades wind

speed.

c.当高度为﹥100m 时，风速取46m/s，相当于风压1320Pa，12 级风速。

c. When the height is greater than 100m, the 46m/s wind speed is equal to wind pressure 1320Pa and

12 grades wind speed.

当非工作状态的风速大于以上数据，应采取必要可行的防风措施（可向我公司咨询）。When the wind speed of non-working condition is greater than the above data, it is necessary to take

some measures for wind protection (You can consult my company).

塔机在安装、顶升和工作时必须根据当时的风速，按照规定来开展工作，否则将造成重大财产

损失及人身伤害安全事故。

The installation, lifting and operation of the tower machine must be carried out according to the

prevailing wind speed. Otherwise, it will cause serious property loss and personal injury.

1.2.2.1.2 环境温度条件

1.2.2.1.2 Ambient temperature condition

1) 工作工况环境温度：-200C ～400C；

1) Tower crane in working condition: -20°C ~ 40°C;

2) 非工作工况环境温度：-200C ～400C；

2) Tower crane in non-working condition: -20°C ~ 40°C;

3) 存放环境温度：-250C ～550C；

3) Storage environment: -250C ～550C

4) 运输环境温度：-250C ～550C。

4) Transportation environment: -250C ～550C。

在上述环境温度外工作会影响塔机元器件的寿命及起重作业安全。如果需在此温度范围外使

用，应在订货时额外注明特殊使用环境，进行非标定制。当环境温度超过正常工作环境温度时，操

作者有权利在不会产生二次危险的情况下停止起重机作业。否则可能造成产品损坏及人身伤害安全

事故。

Working beyond environment temperature will affect the life span of tower components and the safety of lifting operations. If you need to use it beyond the temperature range,

you should specify a special use environment for non-standard customization when you place an

order. When the ambient temperature exceeds the normal working environment

temperature, the

operator has the right to stop the crane operation without a secondary hazard. Otherwise, it may

cause damage for product and personal injury.

1.2.2.1.3 海拔高度条件

1.2.2.1.3 Altitude condition

海拔高度条件：≤1000 m。

Altitude condition:≤1000 m.

1.2.2.1.4 工作湿度条件

1.2.2.1.4 Moisture

工作湿度条件：30～95%。

Moisture: 30～95%.

1.2.2.1.5 工作电压/频率条件

1.2.2.1.5 Working voltage/Frequency

1）中国国内工作电压/频率条件

1) Domestic working voltage/ Frequency

工作电压：AC380V（±10%）

working voltage：～380V（±10%）

电源频率：50Hz。

Power frequency: 50Hz

2）其他地区

2) Other regions

工作电压及电源频率根据当地实际情况进行非标设计。

The working voltage and power frequency are designed according to local actual conditions.

1.2.2.2 禁用

1.2.2.2 Prohibition

1) 不能在打雷、爆炸性的工作条件下使用；

1) It cannot be used in thundering and explosive working conditions;

2) 不能在能见度低、风速大于规定风速的条件下使用。

2) It cannot be used low visibility and high wind speed.

1.2.3 单位、人员和资格的选择

1.2.3 The selection of units, personnel and qualifications

1.2.3.1 安装单位要求

1.2.3.1 The requirements of installation unit

1) 安装单位必须具有塔机安装资质证书。

1) The installation unit must have the installation qualification certificate of the tower machine.

2) 安装单位必须在安装过程中指定一个安装人员作为“安装负责人”。

2) The installation unit must appoint a “installation supervisor” during the process of installation.

1.2.3.2 安装人员要求

1.2.3.2 Requirements for installation personnel

1）安装人员必须符合以下条件：

1) The installation personnel must satisfy the following conditions:

a. 具有资格证书。

a. Holding qualification certificates.

b. 年龄大于18 周岁。

b. Over 18 years old.

c. 适应该项工作，特别是视力、听力、灵活性和反应能力。

c. Suitable for this work, especially in terms of the eyesight, hearing, flexibility and reaction.

d. 具备安全搬运重物，包括安装塔机的体力。

d. Having the physical strength to carry heavy weight and install the tower machine safely.

e. 能够登高作业。

e. Being able to work aloft.

f. 具有估计载荷质量、平衡载荷及判断距离、高度和静空的能力。

f. Having the capability of estimating load quality, balancing load and judgment judging

distance,

height and static space.

g. 经过吊装及信号技术的培训。

g. Having received trainings in hoisting operation and signaling technology.

h. 具有根据载荷的情况选择吊具和附件的能力。

h. Being able to select lifting equipment and accessories according to the loading capacity.

i. 在塔机安装、拆卸以及所安装类型塔机的操作方面经过全面培训。

i. Having received complete training on the installation and disassembly of the tower machine and

the operation of the type tower.

j. 在所安装类型塔机安全装置的安装和调试方面经过全面培训。

j. Having received complete training on the installation and commission of safety devices of the type

tower.

k. 完全熟悉并掌握安装操作手册中相关章节的要求。

k. Being completely familiar with the manual and master the requirements described in related

chapters and sections of the manual.

l. 能熟练并正确使用所有个人安全防护装备。

l. Being able to skillfully and correctly us e all the personal safety protective equipments. 安装人员的职责：依据本产品说明书要求进行安装塔机，否则可能造成产品损坏及人身伤害的

安全事故。

Responsibility of installation personnel: install tower cranes according to the installation and operation

manual.

2）安装负责人除满足安装人员的条件外还应满足以下条件：

2) In addition to meeting the requirements for installation personnel, the installation supervisor shall

also satisfy the following requirements:

a. 有塔机或类似设备的安装与拆卸工作经验并接受过相关安拆方面的培训。

a. Having working experience in mounting and dismounting tower cranes or similar equipments, and

having received relevant trainings on being an installation supervisor.

b. 熟悉并拥有该塔机的安装操作手册。

b. Having the manual and knowing well about it.

c. 接受过对塔机安装拆卸人员进行管理的培训。

c. Having received training on how to manage the personnel.

d. 能证实安装过程中使用设备的适用性。

d. Being capable of verifying the applicability of equipment to be used during installation. 3）安装负责人的职责如下：

3) Responsibilities of installation supervisor:

a. 安装负责人在塔机的整个安装、拆卸、爬升过程中不能离开现场。

a. Being present throughout the entire process of the installation, disassembly and lifting of the tower

crane.

b. 管理所有安装人员和安装、拆卸、爬升过程中可能用到的相关辅助起重设备的操作人员。

b. Managing all the installation personnel and personnel who can use the auxiliary lifting equipment

to help the installation, disassembly and lifting of the tower crane of relevant auxiliary lifting equipment

which may be used during the installation, disassembly and lifting of the tower crane.

c. 提供保证塔机按塔机安装工作计划运行的技术措施(即安装方案)。

c. Providing technical plan to ensure the installation of tower machine.

d. 保证塔机的附属设施与安装报告完全一致。

d. Ensuring that the ancillary facilities are exactly consistent with the installation report.

e. 查证所有安装人员都配备有必要的工具和个人安全保护设备。

e. Checking that all installation personnel are provided with necessary tools and personal safety

protective devices.

f. 保证通道设备随安装进程的进度而逐步正确安装，以便安装人员使用。

f. Ensuring the proper installation of the channel devices in accordance with the progress of

installation, so as to service for the installation personnel.

g. 安装负责人在认为场地条件、气候、障碍物或其它原因不能保证安全时，有权终止安装作

业。

g. The installation supervisor has the right to terminate the installation when he/she believes that the

safety cannot be guaranteed under the consideration of site conditions, climate, obstacles or other

reasons.

操作者应掌握充分的信息，以便顺利完成工作。准备不足强行工作，意外事故随时可能发生，

将造成产品损坏及人身伤害安全事故。

Danger

The operators shall have sufficient information to complete the work successfully. Accidents may happen at any time if preparation is inadequate.

1.2.3.3 塔机司机和起重工的要求

1.2.3.3 Requirements for Tower Crane Driver and Lifting Worker

1.2.3.3.1 塔机司机的要求

1.2.3.3.1 Requirements for tower crane driver

1）对塔机的操作，只能由下述人员进行：

1) Tower crane can only be operated by the following personnel:

a. 经过考试，并取得塔机操作合格证的人员。

a. Personnel who have passed the examination and obtained tower crane operation

certificate.

b. 为了执行任务需要进行操作的维修、检测人员。

b. Maintenance and inspection personnel required to finish specific operational task.

c. 经上级任命的劳动安全监察员。

c. Labor and safety supervisors appointed by higher authorities.

2）塔机司机必须具备的条件：

2) Tower crane driver must satisfy the following requirements:

a. 具有资格证书。

a. Holding qualification certificates.

b. 年龄大于18 周岁。

b. Over 18 years old.

c. 视力(包括矫正视力)在0.7 以上，无色盲。

c. Eyesight (including corrected vision) above 0.7, without color blindness.

d. 听力能满足具体工作条件的要求。

d. Hearing satisfies the requirements for specific working conditions.

e. 熟悉所操作塔机各机构的构造和技术性能。

e. Being familiar with the structure and technical performance of each mechanism of the crane being

operated.

f. 掌握塔机操作规则和有关法令。

f. Knowing well about the operation rules and relevant directions of the tower crane.

g. 掌握起重指挥信号，操作准确。

g. Knowing well about the commanding signal for lifting and being capable of operating properly.

h. 熟悉塔机保养和基本的维修知识。

h. Being familiar with the basic knowledge of maintenance and repair.

1.2.3.3.2 塔机起重工的要求

1.2.3.3.2 Requirements for tower crane lifting worker

a. 具有资格证书。

a. Holding qualification certificates.

b. 年龄大于18 周岁。

b. Over 18 years old.

c. 掌握起重指挥信号，指挥准确并符合标准规定。

c. Knowing well about the commanding signal for lifting, being capable of correctly directing and

satisfying the standard provisions.

酗酒者、吸毒者及服用抑制反应药物的人员不得参与起重机的安装、操作、维修、指挥等相关

工作，否则可能造成产品损坏及人身伤害安全事故。

Alcoholics and drug addicts and the reaction drugs personnel shall not participate

in installation, operation, maintenance, command and other related work, otherwise may cause

product damage and personal injury accidents.

1.2.3.4 人员安全装备

1.2.3.4 Personnel safety equipment

1)在操作机器时，你必须使用安全装备。

1）when operating the machine, you must use safety equipment.

2)根据工作现场状况选择合适的安全装备，如安全帽、安全手套、安全防护眼镜、安全带、安

全靴和听力保护装置等；

2) Select suitable safety equipment according to the working conditions, such as safety helmet, safety

gloves, safety goggles, safety belts, safety boots and listening protection devices;

3)在工作前后检查安全装备，按规定程序进行维护或在必要时进行更换；

3) Check safety equipment before and after work, maintain or replace when necessary;

4)在需要时应保存检查和维修记录；

4) Keep the inspection and maintenance records;

5)某些安全装备（例如安全帽和安全带）使用一段时间可能会损坏，因而应定期检查并更换。

5) Some safety equipment (such as safety hats and safety belts) may be damaged for a period of time

and should be checked and replaced regularly.

所有的个人防护装置都不能提供100%的保护，安全装备应定期检查，如果发现损坏应立即更

换，否则将容易造成人身伤害安全事故。

All personal protective equipments can not provide 100% protection. Safety equipments should be checked regularly. Any damage should be replaced immediately, otherwise it

will be easy to cause personal injury.

1.2.4 塔机安装前现场准备

保证现场能满足塔机技术特性和使用的需要。

1.2.4 Tower crane site preparation before installation

Ensure that the site can meet the tower crane technical characteristics and use needs。

1.2.4.1 塔机安装现场

1.2.4.1 Tower crane installation site

在开始安装前，对现场进行仔细研究，例如：

Carefully study the site before starting installation, such as:

1) 当地法规中对有关公共建筑或其他，如道路、铁路、运河等要求。

1) The local regulations requires in the public buildings roads railways canals and so on.

2) 是否接近其他起重机、机场、电线、电磁波发射站等。

2) Whether close to other cranes airport wires electromagnetic wave station and so on.

3) 考虑地面状况，地面障碍、坑道、斜坡、地下建筑物等。

3) Consider ground conditions obstacles tunnels slopes underground building and so on.

4) 在安装或拆除时塔机零部件存放场地，汽车吊的位置等。

4) Consider the parts stored site and the crane position when the tower is removed or

installed.

5)塔机安装或拆除时与建筑物是否存在干涉。

5) Whether interferences with buildings when the tower is removed or installed.

1.2.5 塔机安装与拆卸的安全规则

1.2.5 Safety rules for tower mounting and disassembly

塔机安装场地禁止一切与工作无关的人员进入。

The installation site prohibits all personnel who are not involved in the work.

1) 根据装箱单检查货物是否齐全，检查各部件是否有运输变形或损坏。

1) Check whether the goods are complete and whether each component is deformed or damaged

during transportation according to the packing list.

2) 确定塔机的顶升爬耳方向，以方便顶升和拆塔。

2) Determine the direction of Jack-up climbing ears to facilitate the lifting and dismantling of thetower

3) 安装架设时塔机顶部风速不大于12m/s。

3) The wind speed at the top of the tower crane during installation and erection should not be greater

than 12m/s.

4) 固定式混凝土基础具有80%以上强度时才能进行立塔工作。

4) It is not allowed to erect the tower crane unless the strength of the fixed concrete base is more

than 80%.

5) 安装塔机需要一辆辅助汽车吊，它的起重性能要与所吊部件的重量和需要吊装的高度相适

应。

5) An auxiliary truck crane shall be provided for tower crane installation, and its lifting performance

shall be suitable for the weight of parts to be lifted and the required lifting height.

6) 在现场最大限度的节约辅助汽车吊的使用时间，需要在安装和装配程序、安装队、

道路与

地面之间有很好的配合。

6) The operating time of auxiliary truck crane shall be saved on site as applicable as possible. Sound

coordination shall be realized between installation and assembling processes as well as installation team,

road and ground service.

7) 立塔安装必须按照立塔说明顺序进行安装。

7) Vertical towers must be installed in accordance with the orders of vertical tower instruction.

8) 使用汽车吊吊装塔机零部件必须注意安全，必须保证汽车吊支撑稳固、幅度与吊重适合、

不超载使用、吊点位置准确。

8) Be careful when hoisting the crane parts by truck crane, make sure that truck crane is reliably

supported; the range and lifting weights are matched; no overloading and lifting point is accurate.

9) 对所吊物品的重心和重量不清楚时必须进行试吊。

9) Lifting test must be made if the center of gravity and weight of the lifting objects are unknown.

10) 在未安装完成前，不能用塔机吊运物品。

10) Do not lift articles with the crane before installation is finished.

11) 必须安装和使用安全保护设施，如爬梯、平台、护栏、安全帽和安全带等。11) Safety protection facilities must be installed and applied, such as, ladder stand, platform, guard

bars, safety helmet and safety belts.

12) 开口销的安装必须正确，要求使用新的或状态良好的开口销。

12) Cotter pins must be correctly installed. New and qualified cotter pins are required.

13) 如果销轴的安装位置为上下穿插形式，在无特殊要求的情况下带肩销轴必须从上往下插

入，即销轴带肩部分在上方，以防止开口销断后销轴掉落。

13) If the pin position is designed for top-bottom installation, shouldered pins must be inserted from

top to bottom (that is, shouldered section of the pin is at upper position) when no special requirements is

specified, so as to prevent the pins from falling after the cotter pins are broken.

14) 所需工具：大锤、扳手、撬棍、电工工具、吊绳、吊具、卡具、卷尺、经纬仪、绝缘电阻

表和接地电阻仪器等。

14) Tools required: sledge hammer, wrench, crowbar, electric tools, lifting rope, lifting devices,

fixture, tape, theodolite, insulation resistance meter, grounding resistance meter, etc.

15) 安装过程中需要导向绳，防止起吊货物旋转引发事故。

15) During installation, guide rope is required to prevent accidents caused by the rotation of lifting

weights.

1.2.6 工作阶段的安全规则

1.2.6 Safety Rules for Working Stages of Tower Crane

1.2.6.1 塔机操作者要做到“十不吊”

1.2.6.1 “Ten impermis sibilities for hoisting work” should be followed by tower crane operators

1) 指挥信号不明确或违章指挥不吊。

1) Unclear commanding signals or command against rules

2) 超载不吊。

2) Overload.

3) 工件或吊物捆绑不牢不吊。

3) Loose binding of workpiece or lifting objects.

4) 吊物上面有人不吊。

4) There are people on the lifting objects.

5) 安全装置不齐全或动作不灵敏、失效不吊。

5) Incomplete safety devices or inflexible and ineffective lifting.

6) 吊物埋在地下、与地面建筑物或设备有钩挂不吊。

6) Lifting objects are buried underground, or are hooked with buildings or equipment on the ground.

7) 光线阴暗视线不佳不吊。

7) Poor light and poor vision.

8) 棱角物件无防切割措施不吊。

8) No anti-cutting measures for objects with edges and corners.

9) 斜拉歪拽工件不吊。

9) Work piece to be improperly pulled or dragged.

10) 遇到大雷雨、暴雨和塔机最高处风速超过20m/s 时不吊。

10) Thunderstorm, heavy rain, or wind speed at the tower crane peak exceeding 20m/s. 1.2.6.2 起重工操作安全规则

1.2.6.2 Safety operation rules for lifting worker

1) 吊装绳的选择必须能满足安全起吊载荷的要求。吊挂时，吊挂绳之间的夹角宜小于120°，

以免吊挂绳受力过大，建议采用90°或60°夹角。

1) The hoisting rope must meet the requirements for safe lifting. The angle between hanging ropes

shall be less than 120°during hoisting in order to prevent the hanging ropes from being excessively

pressed.

2) 绳、链所经过的棱角处应加衬垫，防止绳、链被棱角割断。

2) The edges where ropes and chains pass shall be padded to prevent the ropes and chains being cut

off.

3) 指挥物体翻转时，必须使其重心平衡变化，不应产生指挥意图之外的动作。

3) Balanced center of gravity for the object must be changed when the object is rotated according to

the direction, and operation against the specified direction is not allowed.

4) 进入悬吊物体下方时，必须先与塔机操作者联系并设置支撑装置以免发生事故。

4) Please firstly contact the crane operator and arrange support devices to avoid accidents when the

workers need to operate under the suspended objects.

5) 多人绑挂时，必须由一人负责指挥。

5) When more than one people are tying up, one person must be in charge.

1.2.6.3 在塔机使用前的安全规则

1.2.6.3 Safety rules to be followed before operating of tower crane

1) 听取工地负责人的指令。

1) Follow the instructions of the person in charge of job location.

2) 认真阅读塔机的工作日志，了解前一班塔机的运行情况。

2) Carefully read the operation records and know about the operating condition of the prior shift.

3) 检查塔机钢结构各杆件有无变形，检查连接螺栓有无松动。

3) Carefully read the operation records and know about the operating condition of the prior shift.

4) 检查钢丝绳端头固定情况、查看钢丝绳有无磨损。

4) Check whether the wire ropes are battered and their ends are fixed.

5) 检查塔机金属结构部分有无漏电现象。

5) Check metal structural parts of the tower crane for electric leakage.

6) 检查各传动部位及润滑点的润滑油量。

6) Check each transmission part and lubricating point to make sure that they are properly lubricated.

7) 检查各机构的固定情况，制动器各铰点是否灵活、闸瓦松紧是否合适。

7) Check each mechanism for fixing, each hinge point of the brake for flexibility and brake shoe for

appropriate tightness.

8) 检查所有保护和安全装置是否处于正常状态。

8) Check to make sure that all the protection and safety devices are in normal conditions.

1.2.6.4 在塔机使用过程中的安全规则

1.2.6.4 Safety rules to be followed during using

1) 用空载低速度试验塔机各机构的动作是否正常。

1) Inspect the operating condition of each mechanism by running it at low speed under no load.

2) 塔机动作时，不要将起吊载荷从人员上方经过。

2) Do not hoist the lifting load to pass over people when the crane is operating.

3) 起吊载荷进入视线之外区域时，必须有人导向。

3) Someone must be present for guidance when the lifting load comes into the area out of sight.

4) 不要在规定的幅度以外吊起超重的载荷。

4) Do not lift overweight loads beyond the specified radius.

5) 不要使用急停按钮停止正常的动作。急停按钮只能用于整机停止运行，或在紧急特殊情况

或在威胁安全的情况下使用。

5) Do not use the emergency stop button to stop normal operation. The emergency stop button can

only be used for stopping the whole machine or be used under emergency, special conditions or

conditions where safety is threatened.

6) 不要将限制器和限位器当作正常停车的装置使用。

6) The limiter and the stopper can not be used as the common devices to stop the crane.

7) 禁止将安全保护装置短接、改动其调整的安全工作状态。

7) It is forbidden to short-circuit or change the adjusted safe working condition of the

safety

protection devices.

8) 确保塔机与空中电线之间有足够安全距离。

8) Make sure there is sufficient safe distance between the tower crane and the overhead wires.

9) 塔机出现运转不良时，必须立即停车并派人修理，不允许塔机带病工作。

9) Immediately stop operating the crane and send someone for repairing when the crane is not

operating properly, and it is not allowed to operate the faulty crane.

10) 不要在有载荷的情况下调整起升、变幅机构的制动器。

10) Do not adjust the brakes of the lifting mechanism and luffing mechanism under loading conditions.

11) 塔机工作时，不能进行检查和维修。

11) Inspection and maintenance is not allowed when the crane is operating.

12) 所吊重物接近或达到额定起重能力时，用小高度、短行程试吊后再平稳地吊运。

12) Try to lift at small height and short stroke and then smoothly lift when the lifting weights are

close to or reach the rated lifting capacity.

13) 多台塔机在同一工程进行施工时，应注意保持各自活动范围，以免发生事故。

13) Make sure that each crane is operating within specified range when multiple tower cranes are

applied in project construction, so as to avoid unexpected accidents.

14) 在工作班中，操作者必须离开司机室时，离开前必须切断电源。

14) During each work shift, the operator must cut off the power before leaving the cab.

15) 按使用说明书规定和标明的周期对塔机进行检查和巡视！

15)Check and inspect the tower machine according to the specified period!

1.2.6.5 在塔机使用完成后的安全规则

1.2.6.5 Safety rules to be followed after using1) 吊钩必须升高至上限位置。

1) The hook must be lifted to the upper limit position.

2) 将小车收放在最小幅度处。

2) Retract the luffing at the maximum radius.

3) 回转制动器必须处于松开状态。

3) Slewing brake must be maintained in a release state.

以上位置及状态为理论情况，根据工地实际工况，必须保证吊钩、小车在自由回转时必须避开

相应障碍物，如有特殊情况不允许塔机自由旋转时，可酌情对塔机进行锚固，但当遭遇大风情况时，

需按照2.11 章节中的相关预案进行处理，否则将会造成产品损伤及人身伤害安全事故。

The above position and condition are the theoretical conditions. According to

the actual working conditions of the construction site, the hook and the trolley must be guaranteed

to avoid the obstacles during the free rotation. If there is a special case, the tower crane can not be

rotated freely, the tower crane can be anchored. However, in the event of a strong wind, it is

necessary to handle it in accordance with the relevant plans in Section

2.11.Otherwise,it will cause

product damage and personal injury.

4) 认真填写塔机的工作日志。

4) Carefully keep record of the tower crane conditions.

5) 切断塔机司机室电源，关闭门窗并上锁，同时根据工地实际情况，切断塔机下方控制柜总电

源。对于障碍灯需要供电的情况，必须保留障碍灯的电源，保证障碍灯能够正常工作。

5) Cut off the tower crane power supply and lock it. For obstacle lights need power, you must retain

the power of obstruction lights to ensure that the obstruction lights to work properly.

1.2.6.6 安全上下起重机

1.2.6.6 Climbing safety

由于塔式起重机械结构的特殊性，司机室位置高度较高，在您上下起重机时应当注意安全以免

发生意外伤害。

Due to the special structure of the tower crane, the height of the driver's cab is very high, and you

should be careful when climbing the crane so as to avoid accidental injury.

1）上下起重机过程中必须佩戴安全带、安全帽、防护鞋、防护手套等安全防护措施。

1) Climbing the crane process must wear safety belts, helmets, protective shoes, protective gloves

and other safety precautions.

2）应当借助梯子扶手等固有通道设施进出司机室或工作平台。

2) Access to the cab or working platform should be made with the aid of an inherent access facility

such as a ladder handrail.

3）当爬梯上覆盖有霜、冰和雪时应尽量避免使用起重机。

3) When the ladder covered with frost, ice and snow, it should be avoided using the tower cranes.

4）未经允许不得擅自改动起重机固有的通道装置。

4) Do not modify the crane's access device without permission.

1) 小心踩空或滑倒！

1) Caution! Slippery surface!

2) 在作业之前必须清除附着的油污、泥浆、水或雪，并且保持鞋和司机室底板清洁。

2) Remove dirt, mud, water or snow that has adhered to the unit before operation and keep the shoe

and cab floor clean.

3) 在通道上不要放置任何妨碍安全操纵和通行的物品或工具，否则将威胁通过者人

身安全。

3) Do not place any objects or tools on the corridor that will prevent safe

operation .Otherwise, it will

threaten the personal safety of the passer.

1.2.7 关于特殊危险的说明

1.2.7 Description of specific dangers

1.2.7.1 电气

1.2.7.1 Electricity

1) 更换各种保险和开关，应使用与原件同类型的并适合电流规定的保险和开关。电气设备发

生故障，应立即停止塔机工作。

1) Replace all kinds of fuses and switches, and use the fuses and switch with the original type. If the

electrical equipment fails, stop the tower machine immediately.

2) 塔机与架空线应保持足够的距离。在架空线附近施工时，注意不要使塔机靠近架空线，以

免造成生命危险！

2) Tower crane and transmission lines should be maintained a sufficient distance. Working near the

transmission lines, please be careful not to make tower crane close overhead lines, so as to avoid

danger!

3) 一旦触到架空线：

3) If it happened:

a. 不要离开塔机。

a. The operator shall not leave the cab

b. 将塔机开除危险区。

b. Drive the tower crane immediately out of the dangerous zone.

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