译林七年级英语下册第八单元知识讲解学案(附答案)

授课学案

一、重点词组

1、something to eat 一些吃的东西10、repeat my words 重复我的话

2、sleep on my knees 睡在我的膝盖上11、all the time 一直，总是

3、hold sth in one’s hand 某人手里握着某物12、in the sun 在阳光下

4、teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事13、weigh up to 40 grams 重大约40克

5、with eyes open wide 睁大眼睛14、grow up 成长；长大成人

6、build me camps out of sticks 用树枝为我搭建营地15、make any noise 发出任何噪音

7、look after 照顾16、brush her fur 给她刷毛

8、look around for me 四处找我17、sleep in a basket 睡在篮子里

9、take care of 照顾

一、重点词汇讲解

1. rude a djective /ru?d/不礼貌的；粗鲁的，粗野的；讨厌的

He's a very rude man. 他这人很粗鲁。

He's got no manners - he's rude to everyone. 他这人很无礼——他对谁都很粗鲁。

2. feed verb /fi?d/1).给（人、团体或动物）提供食物；喂养2).（使）（婴儿或动物）吃奶

I usually feed the neighbour's cat while she's away. 邻居不在家时，我经常替她喂猫。

Let's feed the kids first and have our dinner after. 咱们先喂饱孩子，然后自己再吃饭吧。

Do you feed your chickens corn? 你给鸡喂玉米吗？

3). 为…提供食物；养活

This amount of pasta won't feed ten people. 这些意大利面不够10个人吃。

Feed the world/starving. 养活全世界／饥饿的人。

4)供给；供应；（尤指规律地或连续地）把…放进（机器或系统）

The vegetables are fed into the machine at this end. 蔬菜从这头放进机器里。

Several small streams feed into the river near here. 几条小溪在附近汇流注入该河。

3.trouble noun /?tr?b.?l/

1). 问题，困难，麻烦

The trouble started/ began when my father came to live with us.

父亲来和我们一起住之后麻烦就开始了。

2). 窘境，困境；险境

He's never been in trouble with his teachers before. 他以前从来没有受过老师的批评。

I hope you won't get into trouble because of what I said to your dad.

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我希望你不会因我对你爸爸说了那些话而受罚。

3). 缺陷；缺点

The trouble with this carpet is that it gets dirty very easily. 这种地毯的缺点是易脏。

Ron's trouble is that he's too impatient. 罗恩的缺点是太没有耐心。

4). 故障，毛病

The plane developed engine trouble shortly after take-off. 飞机起飞不久引擎就出现了故障。They have a good reputation for building reliable trouble-free cars.

他们制造的汽车耐用、无故障，口碑很好。

4.agree verb uk /??ɡri?/

1). 持相同意见；赞成，赞同

Ann and I never seem to agree. 安和我好像从来都没有意见一致过。

I agree with you on this issue. 在这个问题上我赞同你的意见。

2).对…一致同意；对…达成协议；批准；认可

They agreed not to tell anyone about what had happened. 他们一致同意不把发生的事情告诉任何人。

We couldn't agree on what to buy. 我们无法就购买何种物品达成一致意见。

3). （对建议或想法表示）同意，赞成，赞同

I suggested that we should meet, and they agreed (= said yes). 我建议我们见面，他们也同意了。The bank has agreed (= is willing) to lend me ￡5,000. 银行同意贷给我5000英镑。

5. noisy adjective uk /?n??.zi/喧闹的，嘈杂的

a noisy crowd of fans 一群喧闹的球迷noisy neighbours 吵闹的邻居

It was so noisy that we couldn't hear ourselves speak.太吵了以至于我们听不到自己在说什么。

二、重要句型

1、Bring me my lunch. 把午餐给我带来。(过去式brought)

句中的bring的意思是“带来，拿来”。Bring常后接双宾语，即“bring somebody something”或“bring something to somebody”。

2、I can feed her carrots. 我能喂胡萝卜给她吃. (过去式fed)

句中feed的意思是“喂养，给予食物”。常见的短语有feed something to . . . （把……喂给……），feed on . . .（以……为食）eg. Cats feed on fish. 猫以鱼为食。

3、With eyes open wide, he hunts when I hide. 当我躲起来的时候，他睁大眼睛来找我。句中的介词短语with eyes open wide表示伴随情况，在句中作状语。它的结构是with + 名词或代词（宾格）+分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/不定式。如：

The teacher came in with a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着一本书进来了。

4、He’d never bark or bite, and he doesn’t like to fight. 它从不叫，也不咬人，也不喜欢打斗。

fight(fought) with sb. 和某人打架have a fight with sb.

5、I will look after him until the end. 我将照顾他一直到最后。

look after ……well=take good care of…… 照顾好……

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句中until的意思是“直到……时候”，相当于till,但until比till更加正式，until多用于句首。

not . . . till/until . . . 直到……才……

She didn’t hear from her son till last Friday. 直到上星期五他才接到儿子的信。

6、Goldfish are quiet and easy to look after. 金鱼很安静且容易照料。

“主语+ be + adj. to do”结构是英语中的一个重要句式，当这一句式里的主语是后面不定式的逻辑宾语时，它有一个同义句式：It + be + adj. + to do sth. 如：

English is easy to learn. = It is easy to learn English. 英语很好学。

The text is easy to understand. = It is easy to understand the text. 这课文很好理解。

7、A goldfish weighs about 40 grams. 一条金鱼重约40克。

weigh动词，意为“重；承重；称……的重量”。weigh up to 重达……

weight名词，意为“体重；重量”。如：

What’s the weight of the watermelon（西瓜）? 这些西瓜多重？

三. 语法复习：

I、形容词

形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。

如：tired, boring, busy, beautiful, easy, difficult, exciting等。

1、形容词描述事物，作为修饰词，形容词常常放在名词前。adj.+n. 形容词修饰名词。如：It was a windy day. 那是一个有风的天。

Can you hear a strange noise? 你能听到一个奇怪的声音吗？

2、形容词描述事物，和系动词一起用，形容词常常放在系动词后，系动词+ adj. 形容词作表语英语中的常见的连系动词有：be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn 等。口诀：一be, 二保持keep, stay三变become, turn get, 五感官look, smell, feel,sound, taste, 等。如：

She is honest and helpful. 她诚实而又乐于助人。

The garden looks so beautiful. 花园看起来很美。

The plan sounds good. 这个计划听起来很好。

[拓展]

多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：限定词、数词、描绘词（大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色）、出处、材料性质、类别、名词。如：

a famous French medical school an expensive German sports car

II、不定代词

1、someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody都是指代人的不定代词，当我们不确定所谈论的人的名字或者不需要提及他/她的名字时，就可以用这些不定代词指代。

① someone/somebody可以用来表示：“一个未指明的或未知的”人，常用于肯定句。如：Somebody gave you a ticket for the pop concert. 有人给了你一张流行音乐会的门票。

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②anyone/anybody可以表示“任何人”或“不确定的某个人”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思意思则用于疑问句和否定句。如：

Anyone will tell you where the post office is. 谁都会告诉你邮局在哪儿。（任何一个人）

③no one/nobody意为“没有人；没有任何人”。no one常用于书面语，nobody在口语中常用。如：Nobody knew what to do. 谁也不知道该做什么。

④someone/somebody, anyone/anybody 和no one/nobody都具有单数含义，因此后面要接单数谓语动词。如：Someone is waiting for you in the playground. 有人在操场上等你。

⑤它们可以有所有格形式，指代某个人所拥有的东西，相应的代词一般也用单数。如：

I don’t want to waste anyone’s time. 我不想浪费任何人的时间。

2、something, anything, nothing

① something, anything, nothing常指代物，代表我们不确定某样东西或我们不需要提及名字的某样东西。

②something用来表示“一个未指明的或未知的物”，常用于肯定句。如：

Something is better than nothing. 有总比没有好。

③anything可以表示“任何东西/事情”或“不一定是哪一件东西/事情”。当表达第一种意思时，可用于肯定句；第二种意思则用于疑问句和否定句。如：

Is there anything in the bag? 袋子里有东西吗？

④nothing表示否定含义。如：I’v e got nothing to say. 我没有什么话可以说。

⑤形容词修饰不定代词时常位于其后，作后置定语。如：

We’re looking for someone special. 我们在寻找一个特殊的人。

⑥一般来说，something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑问句：但在问话人认为对方确实需要某物或该做某事而希望得到肯定答复时，在问句中用something。如：

Can you do something for me? I really need your help.

你能为我做件事吗？我真的需要你的帮助。（某件很确定的事，而且希望对方能答应）Have you got anything interesting? 你有没有什么有趣的东西？（任何有趣的东西，而且不确定对方会有什么样的答复）

3.不定代词+adj. 作后置定语修饰不定代词

There is nothing wrong with my computer.

4.keep/make+宾语+adj. 作宾语补足语eg. We should keep the room clean.

四、易错点

1. take part in & join & join in

1). take part in 指参加某种活动、比赛，并在其中起到一定作用，后面直接跟有关

活动的名词，相当于join in。

例句：They want to take part in the music festival. 他们想参加音乐节。

2). join 指参加某个组织或加入某团体并成为其中一员。

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例句：He joined us for dinner. 他和我们共进晚餐。

3). join in表示“加入，参与”某种活动，后常接名词或v-ing形式。

She listens but she never joins in us in the conversation.她知识听，但是没有参与交谈。

2. end与finish

1). end多指自然地“结束；终结;结尾”等。

When did the meeting end? 会议何时结束的？

2). finish：发出finish 动作的往往是人,后面常跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。

I'm just finishing. I'll come soon. 快完了，我很快就来。

I must finish (doing) my homework first. 我必须先把我的作业完成。

课堂巩固练习

一、单项选择

( )1.My little dog is the cleverest animal all.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. of

( )2.He eats too much food watches too much TV.

A. never; and

B. never; or

C. doesn't; and

D. doesn't; or

( )3.Our English teacher looks . All of us like him.

A. friendly

B. happily

C. quickly

D. quietly

( )4.－How should I teach my dog to do any tricks?

－Well, you should be first, or(否则)he will run away.

A. rude

B. gentle

C. shy

D. sad

( )5. My cat likes to under the bed. He doesn't want anyone to find him.

A. hold

B. catch

C. carry

D. hide

( )6.－Would you please the number? I wasn't listening.－OK. That's 152-3517-1386.

A. remember

B. repeat

C. report

D. reply

( )7.－Who lives together with your grandmother？－.She lives alone. I open go to see her.

A. Nobody

B. Somebody

C. Anybody

D. Everybody

( )8.－Who your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday?

－My neighbour，a warm-hearted woman.

A. put on

B. looked after

C. gave up

D. turned off

( )9.We should be kind to the old and take care them in daily life.

A. of

B. for

C. with

D. about

( )10.－Do fish sleepy I think they're swimming around .

－Of course they sleep. But they sleep with their eyes open.

A. all the same

B. all the time

C. at that time

D. at the same time

二、完形填空

A giant panda ran away from the zoo in London. He walked and walked and became 1 . He walked into a restaurant，where he found a 2 at an empty table. The waiter took the panda's order.

After he finished his dinner, the panda stood up，calmly pulled out a gun which he had hidden，and fired into the air. 3 he turned around and walked toward the door.

Naturally, the 4 was horrified(恐惧的)，but he tried hard to pull himself together and

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stopped him for an explanation.

The panda said to him，"What do I look like to 5 ? "

The waiter answered，"Well，a giant panda，of course."

"That's right，" said the panda. "Look it 6 . " And he walked out.

The waiter called the police. When they arrived，the waiter told them the whole story, 7 the panda's words "look it up". So the police officer 8 a young man out to get an encyclopedia (百科全书).

The young man returned with the encyclopedia. The officer 9 "panda" and there was the answer, "Giant panda，lives in China, eats bamboo shoots(竹笋)and 10 . "

( )1.A. tired B. angry C. crazy D. hungry ( )2.A. seat B. note C. waiter D. hungry ( )3.A. So B. Once C. Then D. Also

( )4.A. panda B. young man C. police D. waiter

( )5.A. us B. him C. you D. them

( )6.A. down B. up C. away D. out

( )7.A. about B. like C. without D. out

( )8.A. sent B. took C. without D. invited ( )9.A. turned to B. asked for C. looked up D. called on ( )10. A. leaves B. meat C. grass D. plants

一、单项选择1-5 DBABD 6-10 BABAB

二、完形填空1-5 DACDC 6-10 BDACA

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