外语平台第四期阅读答案

Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of the classical and medieval (between AD 1,100 and 1,500) worlds, while during the fifteenth century the term \become commonplace. One should be careful, however, in assuming that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is a distraction to others. Examination of factors related to the historical development of silent reading reveals that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character. The last century saw a steady gradual increase in literacy, and thus in the number of readers. As readers increased, so the number of potential listeners decreased, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the flourishing of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, railway carriages and offices, where reading aloud would cause distraction to other readers. Towards the end of the century there was still considerable argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its virtues, the old shared literacy culture had gone and were replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other. By the end of the century students were being recommended to adopt attitudes to books and to use skills in reading them which were inappropriate, if not impossible, for the oral reader. The social, cultural, and technological changes in the century had greatly altered what the term \

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century? A . Silent reading had not been discovered.

B . There were few places available for private reading. C . People relied on reading for entertainment. D . Few people could read for themselves.

提交的答案:Few people could read for themselves. 正确答案:Few people could read for themselves.

题目详解:根据问题中?Why was reading aloud common?的提示，从第三段中?increase in literacy（文化水平的提高），the number of readers（读者数量的增加）. The number of potential listeners 听者数量的减少?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。

2. The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century indicated ______. A . an increase in the average age of readers

B . an increase in the number of books C . a change in the status of literate people D . a change in the nature of reading

提交的答案:a change in the nature of reading 正确答案:a change in the nature of reading

题目详解:根据问题中?The development of silent reading?的提示，从第二段中?… should be careful… simply because… the usual mode of reading ..the tasks themselves changed in character 不要认为无声阅读的问世是因为有声阅读分散了人们的注意力，而是阅读任务本身发生了变化?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。

3. Educationalists are still arguing about ______. A . the importance of silent reading B . the effects of reading on health

C . the amount of information yielded by books and newspapers D . the value of different types of reading material

提交的答案:the value of different types of reading material 正确答案:the value of different types of reading material

题目详解:根据问题中?Educationalists are still arguing?的提示，从第四段中?…considerable argument over 大量的关于书、阅读材料对获取信息方面的争论… whatever its virtues 无论优点如何 …the old shared literacy culture… by the printed mass media… by books and magazines for a specialized readership 古老的文化已被印刷品取而代之，为掌握专业知识被书籍和杂志取而代之?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。

4. The emergence of the mass media and of specialized reading material showed that _____. A . educationalists' attitudes had changed B . readers' interests had become varied C . standards of literacy had gone down D . printing techniques had improved

提交的答案:readers' interests had become varied 正确答案:readers' interests had become varied

题目详解:根据问题中?The emergence of the mass media and of specialized reading material?的提示，从第五段中?…inappropriate, if not impossible, …（读者应该掌握，如果有可能的话，适合于专业阅读而不是口语的阅读技能?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \interests had become varied \符合题意。

5. What is the writer of this passage attempting to do? A . Explain how present-day reading habits developed.

B . Encourage the growth of reading.

C . Show how reading methods have improved. D . Change people's attitudes to reading.

提交的答案:Explain how present-day reading habits developed. 正确答案:Explain how present-day reading habits developed.

题目详解:根据问题中?attempting to do?的提示，从第一段中?a modern activity … almost unknown to, …meant reading aloud…silent reading …（现在的阅读方法是古人不知到的。十五世纪的阅读指的是有声阅读，而无声阅读是在十九世纪问世的）显然说明了作者要通过\有声阅读\和\无声阅读\的对比来说明读书习惯的形成?提供的信息判断，选项中的\how present-day reading habits developed\符合题意。

More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment. It's easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers. Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it's disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck. Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged, but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met. Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of .how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential records right under the noses of the company's executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.

1.It can be concluded from the passage that ________ . A . it is still impossible to detect computer crimes today

B . computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions C . computer criminals escape punishment because they can't-be detected D . people commit computer crimes at the request of their company

提交的答案:computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions

正确答案:computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions

题目详解:依据问题中?It can be concluded from the passage?的提示，从第1段第2句中?Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward.?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \operation of financial institutions\符合题意。

2.It is implied in the third paragraph that _______ . A . the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problem B . many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered C . most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimes D . most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luck

提交的答案:many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered 正确答案:many more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered

题目详解:根据问题中?It is implied in the third paragraph?的提示，从第3段第1句中?no statistics on crimes that go undetected（虽然没有资料表明没有被发现的犯罪活动，但确实知道有多少犯罪活动是在…发现的）\提供的信息判断，选项中的 \more computer crimes go undetected than are discovered\符合题意。

3.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? A . Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information.

B . Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation. C . A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.

D . A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.

提交的答案:Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation.

正确答案:Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation.

题目详解:根据问题中?Which of the following is mentioned?的提示，从最后1段的第1句中?Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \符合题意。

4.What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught? A . They will be denied access to confidential records. B . They may walk away and easily find another job. C . With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job. D . They must leave the country or go to jail.

提交的答案:They may walk away and easily find another job. 正确答案:They may walk away and easily find another job.

题目详解:根据问题中?once they are caught?的提示，从第三段的最后一句中?All too often, their demands have been met?和第四段最后一句?And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs?提供的信息判断，选项中的 \walk away and easily find another job\符合题意。

5.The passage is mainly about _______. A . how computer criminals manage to get good recommendations from their former employers B . why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspections C . why computer crimes can't be eliminated

D . why computer criminals are often able to escape punishment

提交的答案: how computer criminals manage to get good recommendations from their former employers

正确答案:why computer crimes can't be eliminated

题目详解:根据问题中?The passage is mainly about?的提示，从第1段的最后一句中?have managed to get away without punishment? 和最后一段最后一句中?departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

As the great low ebb of high tech sweeps through the world of online commerce, two kinds of sites are weathering the storm. The first group is often referred to as \online extensions of stores like Walmart or Sears. They take an existing, traditional business and extend it into the online arena. The second group provides a unique service made possible by the Internet's special characteristics. Job sites and online auctioneer e-Bay are both good examples of the new breed of business that the Internet continues to foster. Cafepress. com is one of the latter group. It's a website that provides users with online stores where they can sell shirts, mugs, and mousepads customized with their own logos and/or slogans. By itself, this is a fairly useful service, and an example of how the Internet has changed the art of marketing and customer service. Cafepress. com, however, is rather remarkable for another reason. Customers don't need to print large lots of items. They don't need to worry about shipping the goods to their customers. And they don't need to talk to another human being to get their store \site lets you upload an image and choose what sort of item you'd like it to appear on. You can then choose how much to mark the item up -- the difference between the item's base cost and your mark-up price is your profit. Base prices are high, but understandable when you consider what Cafepress. com does for the initial investment. An 11-bunce mug starts at $ 10.99. For that, Cafepress. Com prints the mug on a piece-by-piece basis,

provides the ordering software, handles the money, packs it, and ships it for you. The mug's purchaser pays shipping and handling costs; the store owner's effort is limited to uploading the original image for the mug, setting the cost, and writing a brief description of the item. It seems to be catching on. \want to do some kind of merchandising, who want to offer a range of products to their users, but don't want the hassles associated with it,\says Maheesh Jain, Cafepress. com's co-founder and vice-president. \companies that offer this kind of full-service solution.\ But the most exciting aspect of Cafepress. com is not its ability to help major corporations outsource and customize their merchandising efforts. What's remarkable about the system is how simple it is to open a store. An average individual with an idea that could sell 50 T-shirts or mugs can't justify a traditional merchandising effort, but with Cafe-press.com, users can easily bring ideas to fruition with very little time and no financial risk. Moreover, the quality of the merchandise is good; I've ordered a mug and a shirt from Cafepress. com, and both were shipped relatively promptly, and arrived exactly as promised. Cafepress. com is an idea that's easy to get excited about. It's a small -- but tangible -- example of how the Internet can change the way we live.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. The expression \A . surviving a crisis B . coming into being

C . being dominated by a stormy high tech wave

D . struggling in the storm

提交的答案:surviving a crisis 正确答案:surviving a crisis

题目详解:“weather”在这里的意思是“安全度过(困难、风暴等)”，“the storm”指的是上半句提到的内容。这句话可以翻译为“当高新技术巨大的衰退浪潮袭击整个电子商务领域时，两种网站却正在破浪前进”，由此可知答案为“surviving a crisis”。

2. The first kind of site differs from the second kind of site in that ______. A . the second kind offers untraditional jobs to people experienced in auctioning

B . the second kind is rising while the first kind is declining in the world of online commerce C . the first kind extends items sold beyond the traditional categories D . the first kind sells commodities while the second offers service

提交的答案:the first kind sells commodities while the second offers service 正确答案:the first kind sells commodities while the second offers service

题目详解:定位于文章第一段第二至五句“第一类网站通常被称作“点击井涂抹”——比如象Walmart或Sears(两个连锁零售商的名字)”这样的商店扩大到网上销售；第二类充分利用互联网的特点，提供一种独特的服务，一些就业信息网站和象e-bay这样的在线拍卖商是这类新网站的好例子，互联网将继续促进这类买卖的开展，由此可知答案为“the first kind sells commodities while the second offers service”。

3. Which of the following about Cafepress. com is NOT true?

A . Its customers are those who want to sell things rather than buy things. B . It, along with similar sites, has changed the traditional way of marketing.

C . Its users don't have to transact the items to be sold face-to-face with their customers. D . It keeps its profit to a minimum in order to attract online customers.

提交的答案:It keeps its profit to a minimum in order to attract online customers. 正确答案:It keeps its profit to a minimum in order to attract online customers.

题目详解:根据第二段第二句可排除“Its customers are those who want to sell things rather than buy things.”；由本段最后一句可排除“It, along with similar sites, has changed the traditional way of marketing.”；此外，根据第三段第三句可排除选项“Its users don't have to transact the items to be sold face-to-face with their customers.”，由此可知答案为“It keeps its profit to a minimum in order to attract online customers.”。

4. What kind of customers need Cafepress. com most according to its vice-president? A . Those who want to avoid the trouble of negotiating with clients. B . Those who have problem keeping their commodities moving. C . Those who sell a great variety of items. D . Those who sell unconventional commodities.

提交的答案:Those who want to avoid the trouble of negotiating with clients. 正确答案:Those who want to avoid the trouble of negotiating with clients.

题目详解:定位于第五段第二句“该公司的副总裁说，越来越多的公司来找我们，他们想销售货物，有一系列的货物要卖，但想省去争论的麻烦”，由此可知答案为“Those who want to avoid the trouble of negotiating with clients.”。

5. What is the most outstanding about Cafepress. com according to the author? A . The high quality of the merchandise it offers to customers. B . The help it offers major companies in marketing their commodities. C . The conveniences it gives to companies in selling their commodities. D . The speed and security it offers users to put their ideas into practice.

提交的答案:The speed and security it offers users to put their ideas into practice. 正确答案:The speed and security it offers users to put their ideas into practice.

题目详解:文章第六段首句提到，Cafepress．com最令人兴奋的一面不是它促进了一些大公司的产品销售，它最突出的特点是使开一个商店变得非常简单。随后又举了个例子来说明这一观点，由此可知答案为“The speed and security it offers users to put their ideas into practice.”。而其他三个选项虽然文中都提到了，但都不是Cafepress．com最突出的特点，不是答案。

Henry Ford, the famous U. S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, \America is business. \the business world. Few would argue with Ford' s statement. A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business. For example, nearly every newspaper has a business section, in which the deals and projects, finances and management, stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily. In addition, business news can appear in every other section. Most national news has an important financial aspect to it. Welfare, foreign aid, the federal budget, and the policies of the Federal Reserve Bank are all heavily affected by business. Moreover, business news appears in some of the unlikeliest places. The world of arts and entertainment is often referred to as \positive side of Henry Ford' s statement can be seen in the prosperity that business has

brought to U. S. life. One of the most important reasons so many people from all over the world come to live in the United States is the dream of a better job. Jobs are produced in abundance because the U. S. economic system is driven by competition. People believe that this system creates more wealth, more jobs, and a materially better way of life. The negative side of Henry Ford?s statement, however, can be seen when the word business is taken to mean big business. And the term big business－referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor. Throughout U. S. history working people have had to fight hard for higher wages, better working conditions, and the right to form unions. Today, many of the old labor disputes are over, but there is still some employee anxiety. Downsizing－the laying off of thousands of workers to keep expenses low and profits high－creates feelings of insecurity for many.

1.The United States is a typical country____. A . where people's chief concern is how to make money B . which encourages free trade at home and abroad C . where all businesses are managed scientifically D . which normally works according to the federal budget

提交的答案:where people's chief concern is how to make money 正确答案:where people's chief concern is how to make money

题目详解:依据问题中?a typical country?的提示，从第2段第2句中?how much people in the United States think about business\看出\美国人主要关心的是怎样挣钱?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题义。

2.The influence of business in the U. S. is evidenced by the fact that__________. A . even arts and entertainment are regarded as business B . Americans of all professions know how to do business C . most newspapers are run by big businesses

D . even public organizations concentrate on working for profits.

提交的答案:even arts and entertainment are regarded as business 正确答案:even arts and entertainment are regarded as business

题目详解:依据问题中?evidenced by the fact that?的提示，从第2段最后一句中?is often

referred to as \?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题义。

3.According to the passage, immigrants choose to settle in the U. S. dreaming that _______ .

A . they will find better chances of employment. B . they will make a fortune overnight there C . they can be more competitive in business D . they can start profitable businesses, there

提交的答案:they will find better chances of employment. 正确答案:they will find better chances of employment.

题目详解:依据问题中?immigrants choose to settle in the U. S. dreaming that?的提示，从第3段第2句中?is the dream of a better job?提供的信息判断，选项中的\will find better chances of employment\符合题义。

4.Henry Ford's statement can be taken negatively because ____. A . there are many industries controlled by a few big capitalists

B . there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor C . working people are discouraged to fight for their rights D . public services are not run by the federal government

提交的答案: public services are not run by the federal government

正确答案:there is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor

题目详解:依据问题中?Henry Ford's statement can be taken negatively?的提示，从第四段第1、2句中?The negative side、referring to the biggest companies, is seen in opposition to labor?提供的信息判断，选项中的\is a conflicting relationship between big corporations and labor\符合题义。

5.A company' s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high may result in ____. A . a rise in workers' wages

B . reduction in the number of employees

C . improvement of working conditions

D . fewer disputes between labor and management

提交的答案:reduction in the number of employees 正确答案:reduction in the number of employees

题目详解:依据问题中?A company' s efforts to keep expenses low and profits high?的提示，从最后一句中中?Downsizing － the laying off of thousands of workers?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题义。

Public distrust of scientists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and technology, between discovery and manufacture. Most governments, perhaps all governments, justify public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific enterprise has brought in the past and will bring in the future. Politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines \new drugs to relieve old ailments (病痛), and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable (难治疗的) conditions may now be treated and lives saved. At the same time, the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their research to \the market\time. Dependent, as they are, on politicians for much of their funding, scientists have little choice but to comply. Like the rest of us, they are members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good. Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit.

In such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of interest. When we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it, we cannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment. Even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm, some people may still distrust him because of his association with those who do, or at least wonder about the source of some his research funding.

This attitude can have damaging effects. It questions the integrity of individuals working in

a profession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would like to discredit scientists by representing them as venal (可以收买的). This makes it easier to dismiss all scientific pronouncements, but especially those made by the scientists who present themselves as \The scientist most likely to understand the safety of a nuclear reactor, for example, is a nuclear engineer, and a nuclear engineer is most likely to be employed by the nuclear industry. If a nuclear engineer declares that a reactor is unsafe, we believe him, because clearly it is not to his advantage to lie about it. If he tells us it is safe, on the other hand, we distrust him, because he may well be protecting the employer who pays his salary.

1.What is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research? A . The reduction of public expenditure. B . The budget for a research project. C . Support from the voters. D . Quick economics returns.

提交的答案: The reduction of public expenditure. 正确答案:Quick economics returns.

题目详解:由文章第一段第四句话“At the same time, the politicians demand of scientists that they tailor their research to 'economics needs', that they award a higher priority to research proposals that are 'near the market' and can be translated into the greatest return on investment in the shortest time. ”可知，政府要求科学家的研究工作必须适应经济的需求，对于与市场接轨，投资回报快的项目给予优先考虑，因此Quick economics returns.项的内容符合题意。其余选项与原文不符。

2.Scientists have to adapt their research to \A . translate knowledge into wealth B . pursue knowledge for knowledge's sake C . obtain funding from the government D . impress the public with their achievements

提交的答案:obtain funding from the government

正确答案:obtain funding from the government

题目详解:文章首段第五句话“Dependent , as they are , on politicians for much of their funding , scientists have little choice but to comply . ”指出，由于科学家的经费依靠政客的资助，那么科学家们只能满足政治家们的需求，也就是说，为了获得经费他们的研究必须满足“经济的需求”，故obtain funding from the government项的说法符合文义。

3.Why won't scientists complain about the government's policy concerning scientific research?

A . They know it takes patience to win support from the public. B . They are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.

C . They think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public. D . They think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.

提交的答案:They think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.

正确答案:They think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge. 题目详解:由首段末句话“Many have reservations, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of understanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring , creative spirit .”可知科学家们不抱怨的原因能是他们处于一种追求理解，追求创新充满敌意的氛围中，因此，他们只能保持沉默，故选项[They think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.]的内容符合文义。

4.According to the author, people are suspicious of the professional judgment of scientists because ______.

A . their pronouncements often turn out to be wrong B . some of them do not give priority to intellectual honesty

C . they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned D . sometimes they hide the source of their research funding

提交的答案:they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned 正确答案:they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned

题目详解:由第二段的内容可以推知科学家会受到科研资金来源的影响，故 they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned项正确。干扰项some of them do not give priority to intellectual honesty项之所以不正确是因为原文提到的原因是科学家会受到资金来源的影响，而不是说科学家不诚实。他们也为生活所迫，也是生活的一分子，因此，他们势必会受到项目组织机构的左右，但不能说他们不诚实，故some of them do not give priority to intellectual honesty项不正确。

5.Why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects? A . Scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings. B . It makes things difficult for scientists seeking research funds. C . People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth. D . It may dampen the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.

提交的答案:People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth. 正确答案:People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.

题目详解:第三段内容以核技术人员的工作举例说明，即使科学家有时说实话，我们也不会信。故选项People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.概括了此段内容。因此People would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.项正确。

Science writer Tom Standage draws apt parallels between the telegraph and the gem of late 20th century technology, the Internet. Both systems grew out of the cutting edge science of their time. The telegraph's land lines, underwater cables, and clicking gadgets reflected the 19th century's research in electromagnetism. The Internet's computers and high-speed connections reflect 20th century computer science, information theory, and materials technology. But, while inventions make a global network possible, it takes human cooperation to make it happen. Standage's insight in this regard adds depth to his technological history. It underscores the relevance to our own time of the struggles of Samuel Morse in America. William Cooke in England, and other telegraph pioneers. They made the technology work efficiently, sold it to a skeptical public, and overcame national

and international bureaucratic obstacles. The solutions they found smooth the Internet's way today. Consider a couple of technical parallels. Telegrams were sent from one station to the next, where they were received and retransmitted until they reached their destination. Stations along the way were owned by different entities, including national governments. Internet data is sent from one server computer to another that receives and retransmits it until it reaches its destination. Again the computers have a variety of owners. Then there is the social impact. The Internet is changing the way we do business and communicate. It makes possible virtual communities for individuals scattered around the planet who share mutual interests. Yet important as this may turn out to be, it is affecting a world that was already well connected by radio, television, and other telecommunications. The Associated Press, Reuters, and other news services would have spread the Star report quickly without the Internet. In this respect, the global telegraph network was truly revolutionary. The unprecedented availability of global news in real time gave birth to the Associated Press and Reuters news services. It gave a global perspective to newspapers that had focused on local affairs. A provincialism that geographical isolation had forced on people for millennia was gone forever. Some seers naively hailed this as a force for world peace. They predicted that tensions over cultural and ethnic differences would relax as people interacted in real time. Visionaries say the same about the Internet. While communications can smooth this process, they do not automatically make it happen. As the experience of the past century and a half has shown, peace takes the will to make it work and sustained effort by all parties.

1.What does \A . Information theory. B . The telegraph. C . The Internet. D . Materials technology.

提交的答案:The Internet. 正确答案:The Internet.

题目详解:题干引号里的短语出现在文章第一段开头，接着原文提到了互联网“the Internet”；根据语法结构，“the Internet”是“the gem Of late 20th century technology”的同位语，即将

“互联网”比喻为“二十世纪末科技上一颗璀璨的宝石”，因此答案为“The Internet.”。

2.What is the relevance to our own time of the struggles of telegraph pioneers? A . They overcame national and international bureaucratic obstacles. B . They made the Internet a global network. C . They made today's technology work efficiently.

D . They smooth the way for the popularity of today's technology.

提交的答案:They smooth the way for the popularity of today's technology. 正确答案:They smooth the way for the popularity of today's technology.

题目详解:定位于文章第二段，要准确区分论点和论据．掌握本段的中心思想，即虽然这些科技发明使全球网络成为可能，但是仍然需要人类的合作才能使其成为现实。而电报先驱们为推广他们的发明而做出的努力为互联网的发展铺平了道路。“They made today's technology work efficiently.”、“They made the Internet a global network.”、“They overcame national and international bureaucratic obstacles.”是具体的论据，而“They smooth the way for the popularity of today's technology.”则概括了本段的论点，因此答案为“They smooth the way for the popularity of today's technology.”。

3.Why is it that the global telegraph network was truly revolutionary? A . It makes real-time global news service available.

B . It has changed the way we do business and communicate. C . It makes world peace.

D . It makes virtual communities possible.

提交的答案:It makes real-time global news service available. 正确答案:It makes real-time global news service available.

题目详解:定位于文章第四段的开头部分，本段总结了两种技术对社会的影响。虽然文章先肯定了互联网对人类社会的影响，但侧重说明了全球电报网络对人类社会的深刻影响，并且进一步表明自己的观点“全球电报网的形成和发展带来真正意义上的社会革命——前所未有地使人类能够及时获得世界新闻报道”。因此答案为“It makes real-time global news service available.”，而其他选项并不能准确表达作者的观点，不是答案。

4.The Associated Press and Reuters came into being thanks to ______. A . the breakup of provincialism

B . the development of global telegraph network C . the popularity of the Internet

D . the well connected radio and TV system

提交的答案:the development of global telegraph network 正确答案:the development of global telegraph network

题目详解:题中问及美联社、路透社等新闻机构产生的原因，对于这一点，可定位于第四段的第六、七句话。由此可以推断出电报网络的发展使即时新闻传播成为可能，而后者促使各种新闻社的产生，故答案为“the development of global telegraph network”。“the popularity of the Internet”、“the well connected radio and TV system”与问题无关，而“the breakup of provincialism”是新闻机构产生后所带来的结果。

5.All of the following facts about the telegraph and the Internet are true EXCEPT the fact that ______.

A . both help to change the way we do business and communicate B . they are operated similarly in technical terms

C . both facilitate the communication between cultures and ethnic groups D . both develop from the most advanced science of their time

提交的答案:both help to change the way we do business and communicate 正确答案:both help to change the way we do business and communicate

题目详解:本文讨论了电报和互联网在发展基础、发展过程、技术基础、社会影响等方面的相似之处(parallels)。文章第一段提到了“both develop from the most advanced science of their time”(发展基础)；文章第三段提到了“they are operated similarly in technical terms”(技术基础)以及“both facilitate the communication between cultures and ethnic groups”中提及的新技术为不同文化和种族的交流提供了便利，在文章最后一段的结尾部分也得到了印证。但文章中第四段第二句只提到了互联网改变了人们经商和交流的方式，而并未提到电报技术的运用改变了人们经商和交流的方式，因此答案为“both help to change the way we do

business and communicate”。

The speaker, a teacher from a community college, addressed a sympathetic audience. Heads nodded in agreement when he said, \their jobs.\can use language only at grade 9 level. I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established. My topic is not standards or its decline. What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult. My point is that the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable. It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction. Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies. But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack. The complainers think they have hit upon an original idea. As their own command of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have this same ability. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect. To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults the language of the young always seems inadequate. Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it naturally follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs. Otherwise, young people would not commit offenses against the language.

1.The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that__________. A . the students had a poor command of English because they didn't work hard enough B . English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English C . he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years D . the students had a poor command of English because they didn't work hard enough

提交的答案:English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English

正确答案:English teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English

题目详解:依据问题中?The speaker …believed that?的提示，从第1段第2句中?when he said, \?提供的信息判断，选项中的\teachers should be held responsible for the students' poor command of English \符合题意。

2.In the author's opinion, the speaker___________. A . was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs B . gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students C . had exaggerated the language problems of the students D . could think and speak intelligently

提交的答案:had exaggerated the language problems of the students 正确答案:had exaggerated the language problems of the students

题目详解:依据问题中?In the author's opinion?的提示，从第二段中?no longer young、teaching for sixteen years、able to think and speak like a mature adult?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

3.The author's attitude towards the speaker's remarks is___________. A . positive B . compromising C . critical D . neutral

提交的答案:critical 正确答案:critical

题目详解:依据问题中?The author's attitude?的提示，从第3段第1句中?the frequent complaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

4.It can be concluded from the passage that__________. A . the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level B . Language improvement needs time and effort C . it is justifiable to include English as a school subject D . English language teaching is by no means easy job

提交的答案:Language improvement needs time and effort 正确答案:Language improvement needs time and effort

题目详解:依据问题中?It can be concluded?的提示，从第4段第3句中?Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years?提供的信息判断，选项中的\improvement needs time and effort\符合题意。依据问题中?It can be concluded?的提示，从第4段第3句中?Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

5.In the passage the author argues that____________. A . to improve the standard of English requires the effort of several generations

B . young people would not commit offences against the language if the teachers did their properly C . it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students D . to eliminate language deficiencies one must have sensitive eyes and ears

提交的答案:it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students

正确答案:it is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students

题目详解:依据问题中?the author argues that?的提示，从最后一段第1句中?not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people?提供的信息判断，选项中的\is unfair to blame the English teachers for the language deficiencies of the students\符合题意。

Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of

Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivan's Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane Hugo 10 years ago. In September 1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn't strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo's wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes. The new beach house on Sullivan's Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds, of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivan's Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble \large party lantern\at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The house's wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2. 7 meters off the ground on timber pilings－long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow, the surges to run under the house, instead of running into it. \water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,\by the house's ground-to-roof shell. “The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pant legs pulled up,\the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained.

1.After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina's shore line are required___________.

A . to be easily reinforced

B . to meet stricter building standards C . to be designed in the shape of cubes D . to look smarter in design

提交的答案:to meet stricter building standards

正确答案:to meet stricter building standards

题目详解:依据问题中?new houses built along South Carolina's shore line are?的提示，从第三段第2句中?\new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\语义相符。

2.The award-winning beach house is quite strong because ___________. A . it is in the shape of a shell . B . it is built with timber and concrete C . it is strengthened by steel rods D . it is made of redwood

提交的答案:it is strengthened by steel rods 正确答案:it is strengthened by steel rods

题目详解:依据问题中?The award-winning beach house is quite strong?的提示，从第四段最后一句中?is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\含义相等。

3.Huff raised the house 2. 7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to__________.

A . break huge sea waves into smaller ones B . prevent water from rushing into the house C . withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr D . anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand

提交的答案:prevent water from rushing into the house 正确答案:prevent water from rushing into the house

题目详解:依据问题中?Huff raised the house 2. 7 meters off the ground on timber pilings?的提示，从第五段第三句中?The pilings allow, the surges to run under the house, instead of running into it?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\语义相同。

4.The main function of the shell is _______. A . to protect the wooden frame of the house B . to give the house a better appearance C . to slow down the speed of the swelling water D . to strengthen the pilings of the 'house

提交的答案:to give the house a better appearance 正确答案:to give the house a better appearance

题目详解:依据问题中?The main function of the shell?的提示，从最后一段第1句中?to be partially concealed by the house's ground-to-roof shell?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\the house a better appearance\语义相等。

5.It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be________. A . extremely strong B . easily breakable C . fancy-looking D . waterproof

提交的答案:easily breakable 正确答案:easily breakable

题目详解:依据问题中?the shell should be?的提示，从最后一段最后一句中?In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\含义相符。

A brush with death can actually improve a person's outlook on life. That, at least, was one of the major findings of a study of some 200 people who come close to dying. Some had come through heart attack; some had fallen, come close to drowning; or survived a terrible car wreck, yet despite the variety of circumstances, they reported strikingly similar reactions to their experiences. Perhaps most surprisingly, many said they were less frightened of death now than they were before. Like most people, before their near- death incidents many had thought death would be painful, the ultimate horror -- but they did not find it was. Surviving a nearly fatal experience also gave many people a sense of invulnerability that made them feel special and even religious. Several believed they had been saved because they were to fulfill some special mission in the remainder of their

lives. Perhaps not so surprisingly, these survivors also reported an increased zest for life and a determination to enjoy life more. A few of the survivors did report negative reactions to their experience. A dozen said they felt more vulnerable, and some even felt a sense of helplessness and a loss of control over their lives. Some had become phobic about activities associated with the accident; for example, several said they could no longer swim for fear of drowning. Yet most of those interviewees said they came away with a strong sense of renewal or rebirth. In studying their reactions researchers have concluded that these people have come to understand the relationship of life and death better and more intimately than most of us, they have come to understand how life is actually defined by death. Life is given meaning by the fact that it will end someday.

1.From the passage, we can infer that the effects of near-death experiences on the survivors' life _________.

A . differ due to the variety of circumstances

B . are mostly positive in terms of their outlook on life C . are neither positive nor negative D . vary greatly from person to person

提交的答案:are mostly positive in terms of their outlook on life 正确答案:are mostly positive in terms of their outlook on life

题目详解:依据问题中?the effects of near-death experiences on the survivors' life?的提示，从第1段中?A brush with death can actually improve a person's outlook on life.?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\含义相关。

2.The word \A . very fearful B . very clumsy C . very curious D . very casual

提交的答案:very fearful 正确答案:very fearful

题目详解:依据问题中?The word \?的提示，从最后一句中?for fear of drowning?提供

的信息判断，与选项中的 \含义相关。

3.The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ________. A . Is Death Really Horrible?

B . The Effects of Near-Death Experiences C . How to Improve a Person's Outlook on Life D . Near-Death Accidents and Their Survivors

提交的答案:The Effects of Near-Death Experiences 正确答案:The Effects of Near-Death Experiences

题目详解:依据问题中?best expresses the ideas of this passage?的提示，从第一段中?A brush with death…the variety of circumstances….strikingly similar reactions to their experiences (死亡的经历实际上可以提高人们对生活的认识.…..虽然这种经历的种类多种多样，但认识的结果非常相似?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\Effects of Near-Death Experiences\含义相关。

4.The positive effect of near-death experience was that ____ A . some people were no longer afraid of death just because they proved to be religious B . some people wanted to seek extreme happiness because they knew life was to limited C . some people loved life better because they realized its new meaning

D . some people believed they were different from others and they had special work to do

提交的答案:some people loved life better because they realized its new meaning 正确答案:some people loved life better because they realized its new meaning

题目详解:依据问题中?The positive effect of near-death experience?的提示，从第四段中?an increased zest for life and a determination to enjoy life more（增加了对生活的热情，更多的珍惜生活的决心?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\people loved life better because they realized its new meaning\含义相关。

5.Which effect of the near-death experience was the one that people had seldom expected?

A . Some people did not worry too much about death any more B . Some people paid more attention to the values of life C . Some people felt more vulnerable

D . some people tended to be too pessimistic about death

提交的答案:Some people did not worry too much about death any more 正确答案:Some people did not worry too much about death any more

题目详解:依据问题中?the one that people had seldom expected?的提示，从第二段中?most surprisingly（使人非常吃惊地是）…less frightened of death now than they were before 不再象以前那样害怕死亡了?提供的信息判断，与选项中的\people did not worry too much about death any more\含义相关。

Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future. The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types. Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion（拥挤）. One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system. When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable（可伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car's movements. The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.

1.One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________ A . its monitoring system B . its seating capacity C . its power source D . its driving system

提交的答案:its power source 正确答案:its power source

题目详解:依据问题中?One significant improvement in the future car?的提示，从第二段的第二句中?and should not be powered by the gasoline engine 将不会用汽油来作为动力?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

2.What is the author's main concern? A . How to solve the problem of traffic jams. B . How to solve the problem of traffic jams. C . How to render automobiles pollution-free. D . How to make smaller and safer automobiles.

提交的答案:How to solve the problem of traffic jams. 正确答案:How to solve the problem of traffic jams.

题目详解:依据问题中?What is the author's main concern?的提示，从第三段中?the main problem in urban traffic congestion 存在的主要问题是交通堵塞?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

3.What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system? A . An engine.

B . A computer controller. C . A rail.

D . A retractable arm.

提交的答案:A rail. 正确答案:A rail.

题目详解:依据问题中?What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway

system?的提示，从第四段第一句中?with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically 用可伸缩性的接触杆和钢轨接触，类似于为地铁提供电动力的那种方式?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

4.In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is __________. A . keep in constant touch with the computer center B . wait to arrive at his destination C . keep in the right lane

D . inform the system of his destination by phone

提交的答案:inform the system of his destination by phone 正确答案:inform the system of his destination by phone

题目详解:依据问题中?all the driver needs to do?的提示，从第5段第1句中?use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system 使用电话把目的地的指令穿送到系统内?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

5.What is the author's attitude toward the future of autos? A . Optimistic. B . Cautious. C . Pessimistic. D . Enthusiastic.

提交的答案: Cautious. 正确答案:Optimistic.

题目详解:依据问题中?the author's attitude toward?的提示，从第一段中?Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future 其他的专家们认为汽车将仍然是交通运输的主要手段?提供的信息判断，选项中的\符合题意。

Very old people do raise moral problems for almost everyone who comes in contact with them. Their values --this can't be repeated too often-- are not necessarily our values. Physical comfort, cleanness and order are not necessarily the most important things. The

social services from time to time find themselves faced with flat with decaying food covered by small worms, and an old person lying alone in bed, taking no notice of the worms. But is it interfering with personal freedom to insist that they go to live with some of their relatives so that they might be taken better care of? Some social workers, the ones who clear up the worms, think we are in danger of carrying this concept of personal freedom to the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old. Indeed, the old can be easily hurt or harmed. The body is like a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older. You can carry this comparison right through to the provision of spare parts. But never forget that such operations are painful experiences, however good the results. And at what point should you cease to treat the old body? Is it morally right to try to push off death by pursuing the development of drugs to excite the forgetful old mind and to activate the old body, knowing that it is designed to die? You cannot ask doctors or scientists to decide, because so long as they can see the technical opportunities, they will feel bound to give them a try, on the principle that while there's life, there's hope. When you talk to the old people, however, you are forced to the conclusion that whether age is happy or unpleasant depends less on money or health than it does on tour ability to have fun.

1.It is implied in paragraph 1 that ______. A . social services have nothing to do with very old people

B . very old people would like to live alone so that can have more personal freedom C . very old people are able to keep their rooms very clean D . very old people enjoy living with their relatives

提交的答案:very old people would like to live alone so that can have more personal freedom

正确答案:very old people would like to live alone so that can have more personal freedom 题目详解:依据问题中\paragraph 1\的提示，从第一段文章的倒数第2句中的\it interfering with personal freedom to insist\判断出，选项中的\live alone so that can have more personal freedom\符合题意。

2.Some social workers think that ______. A . health and safety are more important than personal freedom B . old people should keep their rooms clean

C . one should not take the risk of dealing with old people D . personal freedom is more important than health and safety

提交的答案:health and safety are more important than personal freedom 正确答案:health and safety are more important than personal freedom

题目详解:依据问题中\的提示，从第一段文章的最后一句中的\the point where serious risks are being taken with the health and safety of the old\判断出选项中的\符合题意。

3.In the author's opinion, ______. A . the human body can't be compared to a car B . the older a person, the more care he needs

C . too much emphasis has been put on old people's values D . it is easy to provide spare parts for old people

提交的答案:the older a person, the more care he needs 正确答案:the older a person, the more care he needs

题目详解:根据问题中?In the author's opinion?的提示，从第2段第一句中的\a car, it needs more mechanical maintenance as it gets older\判断出，选项中的\person, the more care he needs\符合题意。

4.The word \A . your talk to the old people B . one's money or one's health C . whether age is happy or unpleasant D . the conclusion you have come to

提交的答案: one's money or one's health 正确答案:whether age is happy or unpleasant

题目详解:问题中\指的就是最后一段最后一句中的\，

判断出选项中\符合题意。

5.The author thinks that ______ A . it is always morally right to treat old people and push off death B . medical decisions for old people should be left to the doctors

C . the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtful D . it is always morally right to treat old people and push off death

提交的答案:the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtful

正确答案:the opinion that we should try every means possible to save old people is doubtful

题目详解:依据第一段的第一句中的\和最后一段的最后一句中的\的提示，判断出选项中的\people is doubtful\符合题意。

It was 1961 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, 1 didn't know enough lo really care. My older brother and I lived with Mom in a dingy multi-family house in Detroit. We watched TV every night. The background noise of our lives was gunfire and horses' hoofs from \\at the lube. But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But she was much brighter and smarter than we hoys knew at liie time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned—books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV , sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. '' You boys are going to read two books every week,\report on what you read. We moaned and complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didn't have any books in the house other than Mom's Bible. But she explained that we

would go where the books were; \these two peevish boys sitting in her white 1959 Oldsmobile on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children's books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them. The first book I read clear through was Chip die Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my sur?roundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home. It didn't dawn on me at the time, but the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page. Soon I began to look forward to visiting this hushed sanctuary from my other world. I moved from ani?mals lo plants, and then to rocks. Between the covers of all those books were whole worlds, and I was free to go anywhere in them. Along the way a funny thing happened ;I started to know things. Teachers started to notice it too. I got to the point where I couldn't wait to get home to my books. Now my older brother is an engineer and I am chief of pediatric neurosurgery at John Hopkins Children's Center in Baltimore. Sometimes I still can't believe my life's journey, from a failing and indif?ferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery. But I know when the journey began—the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her Oldsmobile for that drive to the library.

1.We can learn from the beginning of the passage that A . the author had spent much time watching TV after school. B . the author had realized how important schooling was. C . the author had been very concerned about his school work. D . the author and his brother had done poorly in school.

提交的答案:the author had spent much time watching TV after school. 正确答案:the author had spent much time watching TV after school.

题目详解:在短文第一段作者就提到“We watched TV every night．”而后又列出一堆当时播出的电视剧的名称，并且这些电视里的声音已经成为the back ground noise of our lives，

可见文中的我和哥哥放学后消磨了大部分的时间在电视上。所以the author had spent much time watching TV after school.为正确答案。

2.Which of the following is NOT true about the author's family? A . His mother worked as a cleaner. B . He came from a middle-class family. C . He came from a single-parent family. D . His mother had received little education.

提交的答案:He came from a middle-class family. 正确答案:He came from a middle-class family.

题目详解:短文中第一段就提到“My older brother and l lived with Mom．．．”说明他是来自单亲的家庭，由此排除He came from a single-parent family.；在短文的第二段提到“She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned．．．”也就是说妈妈的工作是给其他人家打扫卫生，可排除His mother worked as a cleaner；同样是在这段里“Our mother had only been able to get through third grade\说明妈妈没有受过太多的教育，排除His mother had received little education.。只有He came from a middle-class family.是答案。

3.The mother was_______ to make her two sons switch to reading books. A . determined B . unprepared C . reluctant D . hesitant

提交的答案: determined 正确答案: determined

题目详解:短文没有直接说妈妈要她的两个孩子去读书的态度：而是从一些行为表现出来的。当妈妈在他人家里发现了很多书以后，回到家她就snapped off the TV，即猛然关上电视；而后就给她的两个孩子提出了要求“You boys are going to read two books every week，and you are going to write me a report on what you read”，由于家里除了圣经什么书也没有，所以妈妈告诉她的孩子“I?ll drive you to the library．”从这一系列的行动来看，妈妈的态度

是果断的，所以应该选determined。

4.How did the two boys feel about going to the library at first? A . They were reluctant. B . They were eager to go. C . They were afraid. D . They were indifferent.

提交的答案:They were reluctant. 正确答案:They were reluctant.

题目详解:当妈妈要求孩子们读书以后，文中的我和哥哥的反应是“We moaned and complained about how unfair it was．”由此可以推断出两个孩子最开始的反应是不愿意，即They were reluctant.。

5.The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that_______ A . he realized that books offered him new experience. B . he could go back to read the books again. C . he began to see something in his mind. D . he could visualize what he read in his mind.

提交的答案:he could go back to read the books again. 正确答案:he could go back to read the books again.

题目详解:短文中写到：当文中的我开始读书以后，就发现自己“...taken．．．to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home”，并且感到“There were images forming in my mind instead Of before my eyes”，对他来说这种experience was quite different from watching TV。只有he could go back to read the books again.没有提到

With fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge

industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything which goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else. The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well. Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: First, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and rollers will break up everything that can be broken. Finally, the rubbish will pass under magnets (磁铁), which will remove the bits of iron and steel; The rubber and plastic will then be sorted out in the final stage. The first full-scale giant recycling plants are perhaps fifteen years away .Indeed with growing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced to build their own recycling plants before long.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. The phrase \… “(Para. 1, Line l) most probably means ____. A . get ready to start

B . have completed what was started C . put an end to

D . have achieved a great deal in

提交的答案:have achieved a great deal in 正确答案:have achieved a great deal in

题目详解:依据第一段文章简要说明了垃圾回收工作的意义在文中的 be well on 意为(在某一方面取得巨大成就)的提示，判断出与选项中的\含义相关。

2. What is NOT mentioned as a part of the recycling process described in Paragraph 3? A . Separating light elements from the heavy ones. B . Sorting out small pieces of metal. C . Breaking up whatever is breakable. D . Sharpening metal bars.

提交的答案:Sharpening metal bars. 正确答案:Sharpening metal bars.

题目详解:第二、三段文章中的\…but also…\着重介绍了大城市修建垃圾回收厂的处理垃圾的几个阶段\的提示，判断出与选项中的\含义相关。

3. What's the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants? A . To deal with wastes in a better way. B . To get raw materials locally.

C . To protect the environment from pollution. D . To get big profits from those plants.

提交的答案:To deal with wastes in a better way. 正确答案:To deal with wastes in a better way.

题目详解:在第三段的第一句中\…建立研究项目的目的就是要找到回收处理垃圾的最佳方式\的提示，判断出与选项中的\含义相关。

4. The first full-scale huge recycling plants ___________. A . began to operate fifteen years ago B . will probably be in operation in fifteen years C . will probably take less than fifteen years to build D . will be built fifteen years later

提交的答案:will probably be in operation in fifteen years 正确答案:will probably be in operation in fifteen years

题目详解:依据四段文章中的\years away 第一个大规模的垃圾回收处理厂投产的日期\years away\十五年之后\的提示，判断出与选项中的\含义相关。

5. The passage is mainly about ______. A . the protection of city environment B . new ways of recycling wastes C . a cheap way to get energy

D . the location of recycling plants

提交的答案:new ways of recycling wastes 正确答案:new ways of recycling wastes

题目详解:根据第一段第一句中\for the recycling of waste\的提示，判断出与选项中的\含义相关。

Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say, of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of flats. It is said that the Englishman objects to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabitants of most countries of the world today. In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower income groups and they have lacked the obvious provisions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as such details, important notwithstanding, as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby carriages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing. It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is concerned. And it is unfortunate that there should be hot feeling on both sides whenever this subject is raised. Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption that everyone prefers an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation. The latter ignores the higher cost of providing full services to a scattered community and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the suburban resident.

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/cr43.html