现在完成时讲义习题以及答案

个性化教案

复习一般过去时的定义：表示过去发生的动作或过去常常，反复发生的动作。

构成：谓语动词用过去式

连用时间词：yesterday, …ago, last week等。

引出新课： Did you visit Beijing before? -Yes, I did. -No, I didn’t.

Have you ever visited Beijing? Yes, I ________. No, I ________. Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I ________. No, I _______

二、知识讲解

本节课主要知识点解析，中考考点、易错点分析

考点/易错点1

1. 现在完成时的用法：

（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。.通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just（刚刚）, already（已经）, before, yet（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还） never, ever等状语连用

I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。

（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）

① I have never heard of that before.

个性化教案

② Have you ever ridden a horse? ③ She has already finished the work.

④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.

⑤ I’ve just finished my homework. ⑥ He has not come yet.

（2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。通常和 for（段时间）, since（点时间） 引导的时间状语连用.以及 so far, by now,up till now ,these days, in(during) the last(past) ten years ,recently, lately等连用。

①I haven’t seen her these days.

②She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago. ③They have lived here since 1990.

④What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?

⑤I have been here for just over two years. He has worked here since 1989. 从1989年，

考点/易错点2

短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：become, begin, buy, borrow, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join, leave, marry等。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。

他入党五年了。He joined the Party five years ago .

个性化教案

——He has been in the Party for five years. ——He has been a Party member for five years. ——it is five years since he joined the Party

电影开始五分钟了 The film began five minutes ago.

——The film has been on for five minutes. ——It is five minutes since the film began

瞬间动词和延续性动词之间的转换

1. 转换为相应的延续性动词

borrow — keep buy — have put on — wear catch a cold — have a cold get to know — know get to sleep — sleep 2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”

begin / start — be on go out — be out close — be closed

open — be open get to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be dead leave — be away finish — be over fall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of

become — be make friends — be friends come/go — be + 相应的介词短语

个性化教案

考点/易错点3

have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法

1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：

Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。

They have been in Canada for five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。

2、have( has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：

I have just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。

Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。

Have you ever been to Hangzhou before? 你以前曾经去过杭州吗？

Have (has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：

They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。

3、have (has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：

----Where is Tom? ----He has gone to the bookshop. 他到书店去了。

个性化教案

Jack Johnson has gone to London. 杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。

考点/易错点4

现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较

现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。 如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等

试比较：

The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）

The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）

I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）

I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）

三、例题精析

【例题1】

--- When did you _______ the bike? --- In 2012. I have ______ it for two years.

个性化教案

A. buy ; bought B. have ; bought C. buy ; had D. bought; bought

【答案】C

【解析】根据句意，你什么时候买的自行车？在2012年，我已经买了两年了。问句为一般过去时，答句为现在完成时，故选C。

【例题2】

--- How long has Mr. Green lived in Lanzhou?

--- He’s lived here ______ 1998. A. for

B. since

C. at

D. on

【答案】B

【解析】根据会话语境可得知答句意为“格林先生在兰州住了多久了？他自从1998年就一直住在兰州。”现在完成时，for+时间段，since+时间点，应选B。

【例题3】

---Is Mr. Smith still in Shanghai?

--- Yes, he ______ there for two months. A. has been B. has gone

C. has been to D. has gone to

个性化教案

【答案】A

【解析】根据句意此句为现在完成时，have gone to+地点“已去了…（还未回来）” have been to+地点“去过…（原来去过，现在已回） ”句尾常接次数或多个地点或before，或句中常有ever, never等。have been in + 地点，“已在…（多久了） ”句尾常接for + 时间段，或since + 时间点 / 一般过去时的句子。故选A。

【例题4】

His grandma ______ for two years.

A .died B .has been dead C .was dead D. has died

【答案】B

【解析】根据句意，他的奶奶去世两年了。die是瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用，应该把die改成be dead的相应形式。故选B。

四、课堂运用

【基础】

1. ---Ann has gone to Shanghai. ---So ________ her parents.

A. do B. does C. has D. have 2. --- I have watched the game.

个性化教案

---When ____ you ____ it?

A .have watched B .do watch C .did watch D .will watch

【巩固】

3. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.

A .lived B. has lived C. lives D .is going to live 4. His grandma ______ for two years.

A .died B .has been dead C. was dead D .has died

【拔高】

5. ---Do you miss your parents far away?

---Yes, very much. They ________ the hometown since two years ago.

A. left B. have left C. were away from D. have been away from

6. Hurry up! The film ________ for fifteen minutes.. A. begin

答案及解析

B. has begun

C. is beginning

D. has been on

1. D上句是现在完成时，下文应和上文时态一致。故选D。

2.C when和一般过去时连用，故选C。

个性化教案

3.B 根据since five years ago是一段时间，故选B。

4.B 根据句意，他的奶奶去世两年了。die是瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用，应该把die改成be dead的相应形式。故选B。

5.D 考查现在完成时，含有for，since的现在完成时的用法: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词，leave — be away，正确答案是D。

6.D考察现在完成时，含有for，since的现在完成时的用法: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词，begin / start — be on，正确答案是D。

课后作业

【基础】

1. Mr. Fan __________this watch in 2005. He ________ it for 8 years. A. bought; has had

B. bought; has

C. has bought; has had D. has bought; had

2. Some students in Shanghai ___________ e-bags for several months. A. have

B. have had

C. had

D. will have

【巩固】

3. I don’t believe that this _________ boy can paint such a nice picture.

A. five years old B. five-years-old C. five-year-old D. five year old 4.His father ______ the Party since 1978.

个性化教案

A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in

【拔高】

5. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. have kept

6 . ---What a nice bike! ---How long ______ you______ it ----Just five weeks.

A. will; buy B. did; buy C. have; had

7. We ______ the latest news already.

A . hear B. have heard C. hearing

答案及解析

1.D 考查动词时态。 第一句由in 2005 可知本句是一般过去时，第二句由for 8 years可判定该句为现在完成时。注意buy应用延续性动词，故选D。

2.B 考查现在完成时，含有for，since的现在完成时的用法: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带。此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词，buy — have，正确答案是B。

3.C 考查复合形容词，特点“一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。故应选C。

4.D 现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故正确答案为D。

5.C现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常

个性化教案

是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故正确答案为C。

6.C How long 是表示一段时间的特殊疑问词，buy应改用延续性动词have。故选C。 7.B already和现在完成时连用，故选B。

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/cnc6.html