非谓语动词考点总结归（状）

非谓语动词考点总结归纳（作状语）

非谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识：

①具有句子结构的知识，会分析句子成分。

②具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。 ③具有扎实而丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词。 ④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句。 1． 三种非谓语动词的构成及变化形式。 不定式 主动 被动 一般形式（本身包含将由To do To be done 去做的含义） 进行形式 To be doing 完成形式 To have done To have been done 动词的ING 形式 主动 被动 一般形式（本身包含正在 Ving Being Ved 进行的含义） 完成形式 Having Ved Having been Ved (=Ved) ●过去分词 done （无变化） ●所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是把否定副词not放在非谓语动词的_前面_ 考点一：非谓语作状语。

非谓语动词作状语多表示伴随状态，或事情发生的原因，结果，时间，条件等。 注意，作目的状语只能是_不定式，也可用in order to / so as to +动词原形。 解题诀窍：找逻辑主语，辩逻辑关系，析动作先后 主动关系，即主语是非谓语被动关系，即主语是非谓语动作的发出者 动作的承受者 与谓语几乎同时进doing , S+V 行 先于谓语动作发生having +dong , S+V （已经完成） being +done , S+V having been +dong, S + V = ( dong, S+V) 后于谓语动作发生(in order (not)/ so as to(no(in order (not)/ so as to(no（将要去做，特别是t) )to do, S+V .. t) ) 表示目的） to be done, S+V ● 不定式做结果状语的固定搭配 only to do ， too +adj/adv to do， so +adj/adv as to do ， such +n as to do adj/ adv enough to do only to do 常表示意想不到或不愉快的结果。 练习：

1. _____that it was going to snow, the climbers decided to put off their attempt on the highest mountain.

A. Having told B. Having been told C. Tell D. Telling

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2 . _____ time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only 3 fingers and a thumb.

A. To save B. Saved C. Saving D. Having saved 3 Hoping he would not be seen, Bob stole in, _____ his schoolbag and rushed out. A. picking up B. picked up C. to pick up D. having picked up 4 _____ the distance was too long and the time was short, we decided not to drive to Florida.

A. Discovering B. To discover C. To have discovered D. Discovered 5 He sent me an e-mail, ______ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope

6 _____ nice and delicious, the fried chicken was soon sold out.

A. Tasted B. Being tasted C. Tasting D. To taste 7 The purpose of new drugs used on patients is to make them less painful, _____ them more terrible.

A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 8 — What do you think of last night’s lecture? — _____ speaking, I thought it was rather boring. A. Real B. General C. Fair D. Honestly

9 He was so foolish _________ his car unlocked in the public park last night.

A to leave B that leave C as to leave D for him to leave 10 When ______, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 11 The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ______ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see

12 The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

注意： 非谓语作状语时，主语必须是非谓语的逻辑主语；如果不是，非谓语需要有在他前面加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。其中，最典型的就是with +n + ving/ ved/ to do 结构

1 In order to protect our planet, _____.

A. all kinds of pollution should be reduced B. we should reduce all kinds of pollution

C. the environment should be protected first D. it’s important to protect our environment

2 The foreign tourists have visited many scenic spots in Shanghai, _____ as interpreter.

A. the guide acts B. the guide acting C. acting D. acted 3 While listening to pop music, _____. A. she felt asleep B. the light went out

C. someone knocked at the door D. and she couldn’t help laughing 4 Having been attacked by terrorists, ______.

A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed

C. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists

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5 _________, he felt a bit nervous.

A Many people looked at him B So many eyes fixing on him C With so many eyes to be fixed D with so many eyes fixed on him

注意：有些非谓语动词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：

generally speaking, frankly speaking, judging from, considering, given, supposing, providing / provided, taking……into consideration to be honest, to tell you the truth to make matters/things worse 精练

1、They stood there and opened their eyes wide _____what was happening.

A、watched over B、look over C、looking at D、watching over 2、____from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.

A、Being separated B、Having separated C、Having been separated D、To be separated

3、Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _____ fun. A、had B、have C、to have D、having 4、Tom kept quiet about the accident _____ lose his job.

A、so not as to B、so as not to C、so as to not D、not so as to 5、_____ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

A、To wait B、Have waited C、Having waited D、To have waited

6、 _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A、Having lost B、Lost C、Being lost D、losing 7、Once _____ what to do, these computers will show great power in carrying it out. A、to teach B、teaches C、teaching D、taught

非谓语动词高考题：

2007年高考

1. He is a student at Oxford University, __________ for a degree in computer science. （北京卷）

A. studied B. studying C. to have studied D. to be studying 2. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not _________, and asked myself what I was going to do. （湖南卷）

A. moved B moving C. to move D. being moved 3. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight. （江西卷）

A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained 4. that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. （陕西卷）

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A. To have said B. Having said C. To say D. Saying

5. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ________ every day. （四川卷） A. watered B. watering C. water D. to water

6. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day. （天津卷）

A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let

7. ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses. （浙江卷）

A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven 2008年高考

1. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ______.（全国I卷）

A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 2._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. （安徽卷）

A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 3. _____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. （湖南卷） A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete 4. _________ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. （陕西卷）

A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show 5. ______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest. （浙江卷） A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized

6. ______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. （北京卷）

A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen

7. _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. （天津卷）

A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown 8. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. （重庆卷）

A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed

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