大学英语四级常见词根词缀

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1．否定前缀

un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable in-

incomplete,

incapable,

视）

transmission (n)

a live transmission 现场直播 cultural transmission 文化的继承

impartial,

transform 完全改变?的外观/特性

transformation(常做陪衬)

mislead,

transfer 传递，迁移 translate 翻译 transport 运输

3. com-, con- 1、加强语气 2、共同，一起

combine, compete, compromise confirm, conspicuous, concession 4. -tain 1、支撑 2、保持，

indispensable, inevitable im- immortal

dis- disable, disadvantage mis-

misplace,

imperfect,

misfortune ab- abnormal

de- deactivate, degrade il- illegal, illiterate ir- irregular, irrelative mal- malfunction, malnutrition 2. trans — across（横过）through

（通过）beyond（那边）from one place 维持，保留 to another transient 短暂的 transplant 移植（器官） transaction 交易

transition 过渡，转变 transition

from

A

to

sustain， retain, maintain 5. re- 再，又，回，反 renew, reshape, refresh 6. uni- / mono-

one

（一个），sole（单一的） B uniform, unique, unity

monotonous （单调的），monopoly

transition period

transmit 传输，传送（无线电，电（垄断）

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7. ex- 向外，超出 expand

extend

15. laps 滑，落

exceed (时间)elapse, collapse

16. spec- / spic- look spectator, speculate, spectacular,

excessive exclusive(ly) excursion 8. pre-/pro- 前，在前

predominant precede, previous, perspective premise, prevalent

proceed, prominent, propel

conspicuous

17.clud（s）-, clos- 关闭

9. magn- 大（large） shut magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude

10. viv- /vit- live, life 生命，生活

vivid, survive, revive vital, vitamin

conclude, include ,exclusive close 18. not notify notorious

19. homo- same homogeneously

together note notion(=idea)

11. inter- 在??之间 20. simul- 相互

intervene, interfere

12. man- hand （手工） manufacture manuscript

13. sci- knowledge science, scientific, consciousness 14. sub- / sus- 下，次，附属 subsidiary subordinate(to) sustain

Simultaneously 21. multi — 多，多倍 multiply, multitude 22. contra, contro contradiction controversy

23. dict- say, tell, speak dictate, dictator , dictionary, verdict, predict 24. per-

through 相反

, manipulate，

contrary

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permeate, perplex, permanent, suicide insecticide 34. mort- death

mortal mortality immortal

perpetual, persistent 25. ver- truth verify verdict

26. -logy study（学习） 35. -scrib / -scrip write science

biology psychology 27. -vert / -vers turn divert advertise

diversify versatile reverse 28. -ics 作抽象名词的后缀，表学科

economics physics

29. -ist 表示“人” pianist typist

30. bio- life biography biology

31. -ician 从事??专业的人 music → musician

32. -ism ??主义??论（抽象名词）

realism Marxism 33. -cid kill

draw

describe inscribe prescribe subscribe ascribe description prescription ascription

36. di-/du-/ambi- /bi- two,

politics double

dilemma / duplicate / ambiguous/ bilateral

inscription subscription

geologist 37. tri- three

triangle

38. bene- good, well, happily benefit beneficiary

39. volu/ volv roll（滚动）turn(转动)

evolution revolution involve revolve evolve

40. fer carry（带） produce（生产）

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transfer refer fertile 41. phil- love philosophy 42. deca- ten decade

43. cred believe

equivalent equilibrium 50. bat beat打

debate combat battle batter battery

51. seg, sect cut

segment, segregate / section

credible incredible intersection credit

44. cent one hundred century

45. mill / kilo 一千，千分之一

millennium

52. plex 折叠 perplex complex 53. en- / -ify make

enlarge entitle enrich enable

million simplify magnify signify

54. sym- / syn- 共同same, 类

kilometer kilogram

46. dom master, 似similar control domain

dominate, dominant, predominant 47. val 有权力，影响

valid, invalid, valuable, evaluate, prevalent(popular)

48. graph / gram write

sympathy symptom symmetry / syndrome

55 path feeling

pathetic sympathy sympathetic 56. ceed / cess / cede / cest / cur run proceed

biography, geography / recession, access, excess, successor grammar, telegram

49. equi — 同等，相等

precede, recede ancestor

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current currency excursion bankrupt, interrupt, corrupt occur

57. serv 保存,保护(protect) conserve preserve 58. –able , -ible 可?? respectable, imaginable comprehensible

59. hypo- 下，在?之下 hypothesis hypotension 60. –pel 推

常见的词根

propel, expel, repel, dispel, impel, 1) aer, ar, 含义是“空气，大气”compel

61. scend climb ascend descend 62. spir

aeroplane, aerial,

2) ag, act, ig, 含义是“做，动作” active, agent, reaction,

3) alt, 含义是“高”， altitude,

aspire, inspire, expire, respire, 4) alter, altern, altr, 含义是“其conspire

63. sent, sens feeling sentimental sense, consensus 64. grav 重

它，变更” alternate,

5) bio, bi, bion, 含义是“生物，生命” biology, bionics(仿生学) 6) brev, bri, brief, 含义是“短” brief, abbreviation, abridge(节略)

grave, gravity, aggravate (grieve) 7) cap, capt, cept, cip, 含义是65.lev 轻，上升

alleviate, elevate (relieve) 66.rupt break

“取，获” capture, except, concept, capacity

8) ced, ceed, cess, 含义是“行，

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让步” proceed, succeed, excess(过度) defence, offence

9) centr, centr, 含义是“中心” 20) fer, 含义是“搬运，移转” ferry, concentrate, eccentric(偏心的)

transfer, defer(迟延)

10) clain, clam, 含义是“呼喊” 21) fin, finit, 含义是“终，极” final, claim, proclaim, exclaim

finish, confine

11) clos, clud, 含义是“闭合” 22) firm, 含义是“坚固” firm, conclude, enclose, include

confirm, affirm(断定)

12) col, cult, 含义是“耕耘” colony, 23) fix, 含义是“固定” prefix, cultivate, agriculture

affix(附加)

13) cor, cord, 含义是“心” cordial, 24) flect, flex, 含义是“弯曲” record, accord

flexible, reflex

14) curr, cur, cour, 含义是“跑，动25) flor, flour, flower, 含义是“花” 作” current, occur, concurrence(同时flower, flourish 发生)

26) form, 含义是“形” uniform,

15) dic, dict, 含义是“说，示” dictate, formula, transform, reform, deform edit, indicate, predict

27) forc, fort, 含义是“力，强度”

16) doc, doct, 含义是“教” doctor, force, enforce, effort document．nbsp

28) gen, genit, 含义是“生产，发生”

17) duc, duct含义是“引导，传导” generate, generation introduce, deduct( 推论)

produce,

conduct, 29) gram, graph, 含义是“书写，记

录” telegram, diagram, photograph

18) fact, fac, fect, dic, dit, 含义是30) grad, gress, gred, gree, 含义是“做，创造” factory, effect, profit, “步，阶段” gradually, degree, faculty, perfect

progress

19) fend, fens, 含义是“打，击” 31) hab, habit, hibit, 含义是“保持，

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住” inhabit, exhibit, prohibit

44) memor, menber, 含义是“记忆”

32) her, hes, 含义是“粘附” adhere, memory, remember, memorial cohesion

45) mind, ment, 含义是“心” mind,

33) ject, jet, 含义是“抛射” project, remind, mental inject

46) merc, merch, 含义是“贸易”

34) jour, 含义是“日，一天” commerce, merchant

journal(日记), journey, adjourn(延期) 47) meas, mens, meter, metr, 含义是35) jug, junct, 含义是“结合，连合” “测量，度量” measure, meter, conjunction, junction(连合)

diameter

36) labour, labor, 含义是“劳动，工48) min, 含义是“小” diminish, 作” labourer, elaborate, collaborate minority

37) lect, leg, lig, 含义是“挑选，采集” 49) miss, mit, 含义是“派遣，送” collect, select, lecture

mission, dismiss, transmit, missile

38) lif, liv, 含义是“生活，生存” life, 50) mob, mot, mov, 含义是“动” alive, live

movement, motion, mobile, remove

39) loc, 含义是“场所，位置” 51) nect, nex, 含义是“捆扎” location, dislocate(脱位)

connect, disconnect, annex(合并)

40) long, leng, ling, 含义是“长的” 52) not, 含义是“记号，注意” note, length, prolong, linger

denote, annotation(注释)

41) loqu, locut, 含义是“说话” 53) onom, onym, 含义是“名字” colloquial, eloquent,

synonym, antonym, anonymous

42) mand, mend, 含义是“命令” 54) pair, par, 含义是“a)相同，对等command, demand, recommend

b)准备” compare, prepare

43) man, manu, 含义是“手，手法” 55) pel, puls, 含义是“追逐” expel, manage, manual

impel(推进)

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56) pend, pens, pond, 含义是“悬挂” eruption, bankrupt, corruption depend, independent, expense(支付)

68) sci, 含义是“认识，知识” science,

57) phon, 含义是“声音” symphony, conscious telephone, microphone

69) scrib, script, 含义是“书写，记

58) plac, 含义是“位置，场所” place, 录” describe, script replace

70) sens, sent, 含义是“感觉，情感”

59) peopl, popul, publ, 含义是“人sensation, sentiment

民，民众” public, republic, popular, 71) sign, 含义是“标记，符号” signal, people

signature, design

60) port, 含义是“搬运” export, 72) sembl, simil, 含义是“相似，类import, deport(输送)

似” similar, resemble, assimilate(同

61) press, 含义是“压，压制” 化)

“结合，社交” social, pressure, express, oppress, impression 73) soci, 含义是62) prob, proof, prov, 含义是“实验，association 验证” prove, approve,

74) spec, spect, spitc, spis, 含义是

63) quer, quest, quir, quis, 含义是“看，视” inspect, spectator, “寻找，探问” inquiry, question, conspicuous, respect inquisition(调查，追究)

75) struct, 含义是“建筑，构造”

construct,

instruct,

64) rang, rank, 含义是“排列” structure, arrange, rank,

destruction

65) rect, right, rig, 含义是“正，直” 76) tect, teg, 含义是“遮蔽，掩盖” correct, direct, erect

detect, protect

66) riv, 含义是“河流，流远”，river, 77) temp, tens, 含义是“时间，时机” arrive, derive

tense, contemporary, temporal

67) rupt, 含义是“破坏，毁坏” 78) tend, tes, tent, 含义是“倾向, 伸

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张” tendency, intension, extend, 89) war, ward, 含义是“注意，保护” intend

aware, wary(谨慎)， ward(守护)

79) test, 含义是“证明，证实” testify, 90) way, 含义是“路” way, away, protest, contest(争论)

subway, always

80) text, 含义是“编织， 构成” textile, texture, context

81) tract, trail, 含义是“拖拉，吸引”

attract, tractor, abstract, contract(收有了模板，写起作文是不是心里有底缩)

了?

82) tribut, 含义是“给予” contribution, distribute

83) us, ut, 含义是“用，使用” usable, utilize, abuse

说明原因型模板 模板1:

84) vac, van, 含义是“空，虚” Currently, XX has been the order vacancy, vanity, evacuate(清空)

of the day. This does demonstrate the

85) vad, vas, wad, 含义是“走，去” theory --- nothing is more valuable invade, wade, evade(逃避)

than XX It is clear that (1). If you (2),

86) vers, vert, 含义是“旋转，反转” as a result, your dreams will come true. convert, inversion(倒转)， reverse, On the contrary, if you (3).Failure will divert(使转向)

be following with you. It turns out

87) vid, vis, vey, view, 含义是“观看，that all your plan falls through. No 看见” television, visible, evident, one can deny another fact that (4).You interview, survey

don't have to look very far to find out

88) viv, vit, 含义是“生，活” vivid, the truth, in respect that we all know vital, survival,

(5).It will exert a profound influence

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upon (6).With reference to my st you would ever achieve anything ). andpoint, I think (7). 注释:

(1) XX的第一个优点 (2) 支持XX的做法 (3) 不支持XX的做法 (4) XX的第二个优点 (5) 举例证明优点二 (6) 说明XX优点三的影响

Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when

you

are

in

dark you

and are

encouragement when

dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (the secret of MMe.

相应作文:The importance of Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence

self-confidence,

the

latter

in

Currently, self-confidence has particular). It will exert a profound been the order of the day. This does influence upon (the achievement of demonstrate the theory --- nothing is one's ambitions). With reference to my more valuable than self-confidence. It standpoint, I think (he that can have is clear that (self-confidence means self-confidence can have what he will). trust in one's abilities). If you (are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your

模板2:

enthusiasm for work, and help you In recent years, XX has caused a overcome difficulties), as a result, your heated debate on (1). The factors for dreams will come true. On the (2).First of all, (3).Then, there comes a contrary, if you (have no confidence in case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially yourself, there is little possibility that when (6).Indeed, these unique points

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can be collected the remind people serious than the effect on children's that (7).In this way, we should behave bodies). Especially when (the children just like (8).

are too small to judge what programs

相应作文:The impact of are suit to them).Indeed, these unique Television

points can be connected to remind

In recent years, with the parents that (they should pay close

development of science and technology, attention to and responsibilities for 80 percent of all homes in China have supervising

their

children's

TV

satellite TV, offering as many as 50 viewing).In this way, children will not channels. It has caused a heated be influenced too deeply. debate on (the impact of television on

children). Many parents are worried 模板3：

about the impact of so much television For most of us today, (1). From on children. The factors for (parents' above, we can find that the reasons worry is that children are indulge in why (2)are as follows.The primary television and spend too much time on reason, I think, is (3).Second,(4). The it.).First of all, (with so many third reason, actually, is (5).The programs to choose from, children are significance for (6)。Therefore, (7). not getting as much exercise as they 注释:

should ).Then, there comes a case that (1) 人们针对XX的态度和举措 (some studies have show that excessive (2) 归纳现状 watching of television by millions of (3) 第一个原因 children has lowered their ability to (4) 第二个原因 achieve in school ). Moreover, (the (5) 第三个原因

effect on children's minds are more (6) 重申造成现状的最重要原因

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相应作文:Pollution

make environment polluted badly ).

Most of us today (recognize that the third reason actually is (the result environmental pollution has been a of a growing population in the world. greatly serious problem. lots of plants everyday, so much litter and waste are trees corps are destroyed by bad air. poured out from houses, also pollute many fish die of poisonous water. the environment ). The significance for thousands of people die from eating (controlling pollution) noted that it's poisoned fish or breathing in gas. high time that more effective measures therefore, environmental pollution should be taken. Therefore, (new laws should be responsible for these should be passed to limit the amount diseases that are disabling, or bringing of pollutants from factories. moreover, death not only to human beings, but in the households, there is an obvious also to wild life.)From above, we can need to reduce litter and waste. let's find

that

the

reasons

why make our good efforts,and the world

(environment are polluted more and will be a safer place to live for us). more seriously)are as follows. the

primary reason, I think, is (the reason 模板4： of

harmful

substances

into These days we often hear that

environment. for example, to prevent (1).It is common that (2). Why does insects, farmers make use of great such circumstance occur in spite of amounts of insecticides, so as to have social protects? For one thing, (3).For bumper harvests. however, they another, (4). What is more, since (5),it pollute

air,

water

and is natural that (6 ).To solve the

land ).Second,(the gas coming from problem is not easy at all, but is worth the car engines and factories also trying. We should do something such

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as (7) to improve he present situation, crowded. ).For another,(the overuse of and I do believe everything will be natural resources has influenced the better in the future. 注释: (1) 提出论题 (2) 说明现状 (3) 理由一 (4) 理由二 (5) 理由三

(6) 理由三引起的后果 (7) 解决方法

balance of natural ecology ). What is more,

since

(the

industrial

revolution ),it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment).

To solve the

problem is not easy at all, but is

相应作文: Pollution of worthing. We should do something

such

as

(planting

more

trees,

environment

These days we often hear that equipping cars with pollution-control (our living conditions are getting more devices and learning to recycling and more serious because of the natural resources )to improve the destruction of our environment ).It is present situation, and I do believe common that (many trees and animals everything will be better in the future. are

near

extinction,

and

the

all-important food chain has been destroyed.).

Why does such (二) 图表式作文模板

circumstance occur in spite of social It is obvious in the graphic/table protects?

For

one

thing,

(the that the rate/number/amount of Y has

population of the world is increasing undergone dramatic changes. It has so rapidly that the world has been so gone

up/grown/fallen/dropped

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considerably in recent years (as X Some people are in favor of the varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches idea of doing X. They point out the its peak value of ?(多少). What is the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They reason for this change? Mainly there also argue that 支持X 的另一个原are ? (多少)reasons behind the 因。However, other people stand on a situation reflected in the graphic/table. different ground. They consider it First of all, ?(第一个原因). More harmful to do X. They firmly point importantly, ?(第二个原因). Most out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An important of all, ?(第三个原因). example can give the details of this From the above discussions, we have argument: There is some truth in both enough reason to predict what will arguments. But I think the advantages happen in the near future. The trend of X overweigh the disadvantages. In described in the graphic/table will addition to the above-mentioned continue for quite a long time (if negative effects it might bring about, necessary measures are not taken括号X also may X 的有一个坏处。 里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).

(三) 提纲式作文模板 模板1：对立观点式

模板2：批驳观点式 A．一个错误观点。 B．我不同意。

Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个

A．有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 观点的进一步解释。An example they 为什么？

have presented is that 一个例子。

B．有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，(According to a survey performed by 为什么？

C．我的看法。

X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这

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个错误观点的影响)。 There might be our daily life, which has been some element of truth in these people’articulated in the following aspects. s belief. But if we consider it in depth, 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen we will feel no reservation to conclude of measures are supposed to take to that 与错误观点相反的观点。There prevent X from bringing us more are a number of reasons behind my harm. 同上Based on the above belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写discussions, I can easily forecast that 法)。

模板3：社会问题(现象)式 A．一个社会问题或者现象 B．产生的原因

C．对社会和我们生活的影响

more and more people will ……..

(四) 辩论式议论文模板 模板1：

D．如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话) Some people believe (argue, E．前景的预测。

recognize, think)that 观点1. But

Nowadays, there exists an other people take an opposite side.

serious They firmly believe that 观点2. As for

me, I agree to the former/latter idea.

increasingly

social/economic/environmental

problem. (X has increasingly become a There are a dozen of reasons behind common concern of the public). my belief. First of all, 论据1. More According to a survey, 调查内容说明importantly, 论据2. Most important 这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. There are a couple of reasons booming As a college student, I am supposed to this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩表决心.或:From above, we can predict 论式议论文写法。 X has caused that 预测. substantial impact on the society and 模板2：

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consists of six sections, among which 来，?? advertisement fees account for 53%.

People's opinions about

10. 与1998年相比，2003年______ vary from person to person. 电的使用量增加了23%，表明经济增Some people say that ______.To 长带来了更多的能源消耗。

Compared with 1998, the

them,_____.

4. 人类正面临着一个严重的

usage of electricity increased by 23%, 问题??，这个问题变得越来越严重。which

revealed

a

larger Man is now facing a big

consumption of energy in accordance problem ______ which is becoming with the economic growth.

(一)段首句

more and more serious.

5. ??已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引

1. 现在，??很普遍，许多人发激烈的辩论。 喜欢??，因为??，另外(而且)??。

______ has become a hot topic

Nowadays, it is common to among people，especially among the ______. Many people like ______ young and heated debates are right on because ______.Besides，______.

2. 任何事物都是有两面

their way.

6. ??在我们的日常生活中

性，??也不例外。它既有有利的一起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带面，也有不利的一面。

来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严

Everything has two sides and 重的问题。 ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our

3. 关于??人们的观点各不day-to-day life. It has 的 brought us a 相同，一些人认为(说)??，在他们看lot of benefits but has created some

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serious problems as well.

7. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/

是??。

Today, ____, which have

表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图brought a lot of harms in our daily life. 可以看出??。很显然??，但是为First, ____ Second,____. What makes 什么呢?

According

to

the

things worse is that______.

(二)段落中间句

1. 有几个可供我们采纳的方

figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can

be

seen

that______while. 法。首先，我们可以??。

There are several measures

Obviously, ______, but why?

8. 关于??人们有不同的观for us to adopt. First, we can______ 点。一些人认为??

2. 面临??，我们应该采取一

There are different opinions 系列行之有效的方法来??。一方among people as to ____ .Some people 面??，另一方面， suggest that ____.

Confronted with______, we

9. 俗话说(常言道)??，它是should take a series of effective 我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，measures to______. For one thing，它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______.

______For another, ______

3. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如

Its the experience of our forefathers，说??，另外??。所有这些方法肯however，it is correct in many cases 定会??。 even today.

It is high time that something

10. 现在，??，它们给我们was done about it. For example. 的日常生活带来了许多危害。首_____.In addition.的_____.All these 先，??;其次，??;更为糟糕的measures will certainly______.

popelrain

4. 相反，有一些人赞成??，is that ______.The second reason is 他们相信??，而且，他们认为??。 ______.The third is的______.For all

On the contrary, there are this, the main cause of ______due to some people in favor of ___.At the ______. same time, they say____.

8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好

5. 但是，我认为这不是解坏两个方面一样，??也有它的不利决??的好方法，比如??。最糟糕的一面，像??。 的是??。

However, just like everything

But I dont think it is a very has both its good and bad sides, good way to solve ____.For example，______also ____.Worst of的all，___.

6. ??对我们国家的发展和

has

its

own

的

disadvantages, such as ______.

9. 尽管如此，我相信??更有

建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要利。 的。首先，??。而且??，最重要的是??

______is necessary and

to

our

Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.

10. 完全同意??这种观点

important countrys (陈述)，主要理由如下：

I fully agree with the

development and construction.的

First，______.Whats more, _____.Most statement that ______ because______. important of all,______.

7. 为什么???第一个原因是??;第二个原因是??;第三个原因是??。总的来说，??的主要原因是由于??

Why______? The first reason

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