高考英语语法填空技巧小结及练习题

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高考英语语法填空技巧小结及练习题

一、高中英语语法填空

1.阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible ________ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research ________ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in test ________ (score) for languages and arithmetic. The study is called "The impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive (认知的)performance ". It ________ (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking and arithmetic tests taken by 20 000 people of all ages. They said, Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older."

The study is a warning to the rest of the world, especially to ________ in cities. Over 91 percent of the world population live in areas with ________ (poison) air and air pollution is the fourth ________ (high) cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that ________ longer people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year's worth of lost education. For those ________ were over 60 years old, this could be several years. A researcher warned, "There is no shortcut ________ (solve) this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures to reduce air pollution."

【答案】 for;conducted;scores;was published;those;poisonous;highest;the;who;to solve

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,科学研究表明空气污染可能会导致人的智力下降,并且随着年龄的增长,其可能会阻碍认知能力。研究者们呼吁政府采取有效措施减少空气污染。

(1)考查介词。句意:科学家们发现,空气污染可能是智力大幅下降的原因。be responsible for固定短语,“对……负责,是……的原因”。故填for。

(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明,空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。分析句子结构可知,showed是本句的谓语,此处应用非谓语动词作定语,修饰名词The research,主语The research和动词conduct之间是被动关系,所以此处应用conduct的过去分词形式表被动。故填conducted。

(3)考查名词。句意:世界卫生组织(WHO)在中国进行的研究表明,空气污染是语言和算术考试分数大幅下降的原因。score“分数,成绩”,是可数名词,此处表示语言和算术的测试分数,应用复数形式。故填scores。

(4)考查时态语态。句意:这项研究发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上。句子的主语It 指代前一句中的The study,The study和publish之间是被动关系,且publish这一动作发生在过去,所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was published。

(5)考查代词。句意:这项研究是对世界其它地区,尤其是对城市居民的一个警告。此处应用those指代那些在城市居住的人。故填those。

(6)考查形容词。句意:超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区,空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格后的名词air可知,此处应用形容词修饰名词air,表

示“有毒的空气”。故填poisonous。

(7)考查形容词。句意:超过91%的世界人口生活在有毒的空气的地区,空气污染是导致全球死亡的第四大原因。根据空格前的the和序数闻fourth可知,此处表示空气污染是全球第四大死因,应用high的最髙级。故填highest。

(8)考查冠词。句意:研究人员发现,人们接触污染空气的时间越长,他们的智力下降得越厉害。固定结构the+比较级... the+比较级...“越……就越……”,因此,比较级longer前应加定冠词the。故填the。

(9)考查定语从句。句意:对于那些超过60岁的人来说,这可能需要几年的时间。空格前的those是代词,意为“那些人”,空格处引导定语从句,在从句做主语,修饰先行词those指人,引导词应用who。

先行词为those时,关系代词不能用that。故填who。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:在这个问题上没有捷径可走。There is no shortcut to do sth.固定句式,“没有干某事的捷径”,此处用动词不定式。故填to solve。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词,非谓语动词,名词,时态语态,代词,形容词,冠词,定语从句等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或摘号内单词的正确形式。

Students at a primary school in Hangzhou had their first class________March 1st on movable type. This is________ ancient Chinese printing system.

The West Lake Primary School in Zhejiang Province introduced the course at the beginning of this new term. So far, the school________(invite) an expert in Chinese characters culture to the campus,________major responsibility is to teach students how to use the ancient printing technology. Students attend lectures on the history of movable type along with ________(interest) classes on typesetting and printing. They then print their own document, ________(apply) the knowledge they've learned. One student printed her________(new) written essay "Whether the traditional red envelopes kids receive belong to them or their parents?"________(know) as one of the four great inventions of ancient China, movable type printing ________(invent) by Bi Sheng in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty, and it is the world's first system of movable type printing.

The school said the course is aimed at improving the students' awareness of Chinese characters and their ________(appreciate) of Chinese culture.

【答案】on;an;has invited;whose;interesting;applying;newly;Known;was invented;appreciation

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课的情况。该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。

(1)考查介词。句意:3月1日,杭州一所小学的学生上了他们的第一节活字课。根据下文March 1st可知在具体的某一天应用介词on,故填on。

(2)考查冠词。句意:这是一个古老的中国印刷系统。system为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且ancient为元音音素开头,故填不定冠词an,填an。

(3)考查时态。句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。根据上文So far可知应用现在完成时,且主语为单数名词,故填has invited。

(4)考查定语从句。句意:到目前为止,学校已经邀请了一位汉字文化专家,他的主要职责是教学生如何使用古代的印刷技术。本句为定语从句修饰先行词an expert,且先行词在从句中做定语,故填关系代词whose。

(5)考查形容词。句意:学生们参加有关活字历史的讲座,以及有关排字和印刷的有趣课程。classes为名词,指物需要-ing结尾形容词修饰,故填interesting。

(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:然后他们将所学的知识打印成自己的文档。apply做非谓语动词与逻辑主语they构成主动关系,故用现在分词,填applying。

(7)考查副词。句意:一名学生打印了她新写的论文《孩子们收到的传统红包是自己的还是父母的?》。修饰形容词written应用副词,故填newly。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句中know做非谓语动词与逻辑主语movable type printing构成被动,故用过去分词,填Known。

(9)考查时态语态。句意: 活字印刷术被称为中国古代四大发明之一,活字印刷术是毕升在10世纪40年代宋朝时发明的,是世界上最早的活字印刷系统。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据下文in the 1040s during the Song Dynasty可知应用一般过去时,故填was invented。

(10)考查名词。句意:该校表示,这门课程旨在提高学生的汉字意识和对中国文化的欣赏。根据上文their为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填appreciation。

【点评】本题考点涉及介词,冠词,时态,定语从句,形容词,非谓语动词,副词,语态以及名词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.语法填空

It is reported ________ over 100,000 people took part in a massive parade at Beijing's Tian'anmen Square ________ the morning of Oct 1, National Day, ________ (celebrate) the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. "Participants from all walks of life and ethnic groups attended ________ceremony, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots(同胞), overseas Chinese and foreigners ________(include)", said Du Feijin, head of the publicity department of the Beijing Committee of the Communist Party of China. "Tian'anmen Square featured red decorations representing the ________ (glory) history of the Party as it led the Chinese revolution to victory", he said, ________ (add) that 70 red lanterns ware hung parallel to the east and west sides of the square. A series of ________ (active) like raising the national flag, singing the national anthem and commemorating revolutionary martyrs(烈士) held nationwide to let ________ (many) people take part in celebrating the birthday of the motherland. Besides, a

documentary which featured highlights during the 70-year journey ________(broadcast) on TV.【答案】that;on;to celebrate;the;included;glorious;adding;activities;more;was broadcast

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了10月1日庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年游行的情况。

(1)考查主语从句。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大游行。it is reported that…固定句式,“据报道……”,故填that。

(2)考查介词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大游行。on the morning of固定短语,“在……的早晨”,具体的日子之前用介词on,故填on。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:据报道,10月1日国庆节当天上午,有10多万人在北京天安门广场参加了庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年的盛大游行。本句中celebrate做非谓语动词,做目的状语用不定式。故填to celebrate。

(4)考查冠词。句意:中共北京市委宣传部部长杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”此处特指10月1日国庆节当天上午举行的阅兵仪式,故填the。

(5)考查非谓语动词。中共北京市委宣传部部长杜飞金表示:“来自各行各业和各民族的代表参加了仪式,包括港澳台同胞、海外华人和外国人。”included在句中做非谓语动词,与上文列举的Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots, overseas Chinese and foreigners构成被动表示“被包括在内的”,故填included。

(6)考查形容词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国革命取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。history为名词需要形容词修饰,故填glorious。

(7)考查非谓语动词。句意:他说:“天安门广场上的红色装饰代表了党领导中国革命取得胜利的光荣历史,”他还补充说,70盏红灯笼与天安门广场东西两侧平行悬挂。本句中add 做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语he构成主动关系用现在分词,故填adding。

(8)考查名词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念革命先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。activity为可数名词,由a series of修饰应用复数形式,故填activities。

(9)考查形容词。句意:在全国范围内举行升旗、唱国歌、纪念革命先烈等一系列活动,让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来。结合句意可知“让更多的人参与到庆祝祖国生日的活动中来”应用形容词比较级,故填more。

(10)考查时态语态。句意:此外,电视还播放了一部讲述70年历程的纪录片。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动,且事情发生在过去用一般过去时,主语为a documentary,故填was broadcast。

【点评】本题考点涉及主语从句,介词,非谓语动词,冠词,形容词,名词以及时态语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

Ne Zha, China's animated blockbuster hit of the summer, is ready ________ (hit) North American theaters later this month.

Well Go USA Entertainment, ________ distribution company specializing in bringing top Asian film titles to US cinemas, will release the film in select 3D IMAX theaters across North America on Aug 29, ________ (follow) by a nationwide expansion on Sept 6.

Written and directed by first-time feature filmmaker Yang Yu, also known ________ Jiaozi, the film ________ (tell) of Ne Zha, a boy born as a social outcast (弃儿)because of a pine prophecy(神的预言) ________he would destroy the world. He tries to change his predetermined fate and people's views of him by choosing good over evil and ________ (become) their true hero.

Built on a successful________ (adapt) of Chinese folk tale and excellent word-of-mouth, the film - the first Chinese animated film is proving to have long legs at the box office.________ a total box office of 4.1 billion yuan ($582 million) and counting, Ne Zha is the best-received animated feature ever in China, and the fourth________ (large) theatrical release in the country's box office history.

【答案】 to hit;a;followed;as;tells;that;becoming;adaptation;With;largest

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,在中国大热的动画电影《哪吒》本月即将在北美上映。

(1)考查非谓语动词。be ready to do固定短语,"准备好做某事",故空格处要用不定式,填to hit。

(2)考查冠词。空格处修饰可数名词company, company在句中是单数形式,所以这里要用一个冠词修饰。根据语境,这里是泛指"一家分销公司",要用不定冠词,company为辅音开头,故填a。

(3)考查非谓语动词。句意:美国电影发行公司Well Go USA Entertainment将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片,9月6日将在全国范围内进行扩张。分析可知本句的谓语动词为release, follow在句中为非谓语动词。根据句意, follow和逻辑主语"将于8月29日在北美部分3D IMAX影院上映该片"这件事之间是被动关系,要用其过去分词形式,故填followed。

(4)考查介词。be known as固定短语,"作为.....出名",故填as。

(5)考查主谓一致和时态。tell在句中做谓语,主语Yang Yu是单数,谓语动词也要用单数。全文为一般现在时。故填tells。

(6)考查同位语从句。空格处后的he would destroy the world是一个完整的句子,要用一个连词连接这个句子。分析可知空格处引导的是同位语从句,从句中不缺任何成分,应该用that引导,故填that。

(7)考查非谓语动词。所给词become为动词,分析可知空格处做介词by的宾语,应该用所给词的动名词形式,故填becoming。

(8)考查名词。空格处由不定冠词a修饰,应该填一个名词。故填adaptation。

(9)考查介词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,这里要表示的是《哪吒》这部电影有41亿元的票房,介词with意为"有,拥有…."符合句意,故填With。

(10)考查形容词。句意:《哪吒》的总票房为41亿元(约合5.82亿美元),而且还在继续增加,是中国有史以来最受欢迎的动画片,也是中国票房历史上排行第四的院线电影。根据句意,《哪吒》这部电影是中国票房历史上第四大的,这里要使用"the+序数词+形容词的最高级+of"的结构,表示"第几最….",故填largest。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,主谓一致,时态,同位语从句,名词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

5.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

More than half of former host cities for the Winter Olympics will be too hot________(deal)with such games by the end of this century. That is the prediction of a recent study.

It's not just the Olympics that________ (be) at risk now. "The world of winter sports is changing as the global climate continues warming," says Daniel Scott, ________climate-change researcher in Canada. He led a team of researchers, ________used math to predict how winter conditions will have changed by February 2050 and 2080. February is the month when the Olympic winter games are________(typical) played.

Scott and his team forecast temperatures and snow cover for the 19 cities that have already hosted Winter Olympics, and two________(addition) cities: PyeongChang, South Korea,and Beijing, China, where the 2022 Winter Olympics will be held.

Scott's team________(start) with looking at historic winter conditions, and then used computer models to predict conditions in the future.________( they) model predicted that by2050,the average February temperatures in past Winter Olympic host cities will rise by 1.9 ________2.1 degrees Celsius. These temperatures can affect the quality of snow, thus________(increase)the chance of accidents.

【答案】 to deal;are;a;who;typically;additional;started;Their;to;increasing

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,一项研究预测,到本世纪末,一半以上的前冬奥会主办城市将会太热而无法举行这样的比赛。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:到本世纪末,一半以上的前冬奥会主办城市将因天气太热而无法举办此类赛事。too…to…固定句式,“太.....而不能.....”,故填to deal。

(2)考查主谓一致。句意:现在不仅是奥运会面临危险。本句the Olympics后面接的是定语从句,并且the Olympics在定语从句中做主语,定语从句谓语动词应和主语保持一致,用复数,故填are。

(3)考查冠词。句意:“随着全球气候持续变暖,冬季运动的世界正在发生变化,”加拿大的一个气候变化研究员,丹尼尔·斯科特说。本句中气候变化研究员为单数,应用冠词a 修饰,表示泛指一个,故填a。

(4)考查定语从句。句意:他领导了一组研究人员,他们用数学来预测到2050年2月和2080年冬天的情况会发生怎样的变化。空后为非限制性定语从句,先行词为 a team of researchers,指人,在从句中做主语,应用关系代词who,故填who。

(5)考查副词。句意:2月是冬季奥运会举行的典型月份。空中的词用来修饰谓语动词are played做状语,应用副词,故填typically。

(6)考查形容词。句意:斯科特和他的团队预测了已经举办冬奥会的19个城市的气温和积雪,以及另外两个城市:韩国平昌,和中国北京,2022年冬奥会将在那里举行。此处用来修饰名词cities作定语,应用形容词,故填additional。

(7)考查时态。句意:斯科特的研究小组开始研究了历史上的冬季情况,然后使用计算机模型来预测未来的情况。空中的词和used做并列谓语,时态应保持一致,都用一般过去时,故填started。

(8)考查代词。句意:他们的模型预测到2050年,过去冬奥会主办城市的2月份平均气温将上升1.9到2.1摄氏度。空中的词用来修饰名词作定语,应用形容词性物主代词,故填their。

(9)考查介词。句意:他们的模型预测到2050年,过去冬奥会主办城市的2月份平均气温将上升1.9到2.1摄氏度。根据句意可知是“到”,故填to。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:这些温度会影响雪的质量,从而增加发生事故的机会。此处作状语,同它的逻辑主语these temperatures之间为主动关系,故用现在分词,填increasing。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,主谓一致,冠词,定语从句,副词,形容词,时态,代词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

6.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(每空至多3词)。

The cave dwelling (Yaodong in Chinese) in Xi'an , Shaanxi Province, is laid out in rows one atop the other, looking like buildings of multiple floors in the distance . It is a sort of distinctive cave house ________ (dig) into the mountains for dwelling of many laboring people on the Loess Plateau in northwest China.

A cave house is usually six meters deep and four meters wide. Stoneslabs (厚板) ________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance, ________ is decorated with beautiful wood or metal windows in a ________ (vary) of styles. The types of the cave dwelling can be pided into the earth cave dwelling, brick cave dwelling ________ stone dwelling. For centuries, they have been regarded ________the symbol of the peasants in northern part of Shaanxi Province.

The beauty about the cave dwelling is ________they help maintain local geography and save on farmlands by ________ (make) use of space that would have been otherwise left unused. They are warm in winter and cool in summer. The temperature inside is usually 13 degrees Celsius higher than in the open in winter and 10 degrees Celsius ________ (low) in summer.

Statistics show that 40 million people live in cave dwellings that are scattered over an area of 600,000 square kilometers in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.

【答案】 dug;are piled;which;variety;and;as;that;making;lower;the

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了延安窑洞的地理位置、建筑风格及给当地居民生活带来的益处。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一种颇具特点在山里挖出的洞屋,用作西北黄土高原农民工的栖息之地。house与dig之间为被动关系,使用过去分词dug。故填dug。

(2)考查时态语态。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。通过分析句子结构可知,主句为“Stoneslabs (厚板)________(pile) up to form a semicircle at the entrance”,主句中存在不定式to form,stonelabs与pile之间为被动关系,且stonelabs为复数,因此横线上需填入被动语态形式are piled。故填are piled。(3)考查定语从句。句意:厚石板堆积形成入口处的半圆,入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。此句为定语从句,先行词为横线前的一句话,在从句中作主语,应填入关系代词which。故填which。

(4)考查名词。句意:入口处装饰着漂亮的木头和各式各样的金属窗户。a variety of固定短语,“各种各样的”,故填variety。

(5)考查连词。句意:窑洞的类型分为土溶洞、砖溶洞和石溶洞。stone dwelling与earth cave dwelling , brick cave dwelling互为并列关系,应使用并列连词and。故填and。

(6)考查介词。句意:几个世纪以来,它们一直被视为陕西省北部农民的象征。be regarded as动词短语,“被视为”,故填as。

(7)考查表语从句。句意:窑洞之美在于它们有助于保持当地的地理情况。通过分析句子结构可知此句为表语从句,且从句中不缺少任何成分应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:通过利用原本闲置的空间来节约耕地。介词by后接名词,题中所给词性为动词make,因此需使用make的动名词形式making。故填making。

(9)考查形容词。句意:室内温度通常比冬天室外高13摄氏度,比夏天室外低10摄氏度。通过语境翻译可知,横线处意为“比…低”,使用low的比较级lower。故填lower。(10)考查冠词。句意:据统计,黄河中上游地区约有4000万人居住在窑洞中,窑洞面积约60万平方公里分布于黄河中上游地区。“in ________ middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.”作地点状语,表示特指中上游地带,应使用定冠词,故填the。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,时态语态,定语从句,名词,连词,介词,表语从句,形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

7.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

When in 1984 I. M. Pei, then the most sought-after architect in America, ________ (present) his plans for a 70-foot glass pyramid in the 18th-century courtyard of the Louvre, the

general________(react) was anger. Because Mr. Pei was Chinese-American, he________ (apparent) had no under standing of the Louvre, or Paris, or France.

However, these remarks did not annoy him. With quick enthusiasm and wide smiles, he took them. He had been asked to design ________new entrance for the museum and________ everyone's surprise, instead of adding on some concrete block, he had created a great welcoming space: put a winding staircase underground and capped it with a ray of light ________did not hurt the old facades(外墙).

When he was a child, his imagination ________( shape) by his family's ancient gardens at Suzhou in Jiangsu. There, he would wander winding________(path) through fantastic rocks towards pavilions (亭子), unconsciously ________ (absorb) the beauty of the surroundings.

Mr. Pei built a hotel complex at Fragrant Hill outside Beijing, after returning to China in 1974. He regarded this as a chance________ (bring) the Chinese away from their dull eastern European blocks and back to the domestic traditions they had lost.

【答案】presented;reaction;apparently;a;to;which/that;was shaped;paths;absorbing;to bring

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,记叙了美籍华人建筑师贝聿铭设计卢浮宫玻璃金字塔的过程。

(1)考查时态。句意:1984年,当美国最受欢迎的建筑师贝聿铭提出了在卢浮宫18世纪的庭院里建造一座70英尺高的玻璃金字塔计划的时候,人们的普遍反应是愤怒。根据上文in 1984可知,应用一般过去时。故填presented。

(2)考查名词。句意:1984年,当美国最受追捧的建筑师贝聿铭提出了在卢浮宫18世纪的庭院里建造一座70英尺高的玻璃金字塔计划的时候,人们的普遍反应是愤怒。general 为形容词修饰名词,故填reaction。

(3)考查副词。句意:因为贝先生是美籍华人,他显然对卢浮宫、巴黎或法国一无所知。修饰动词短语have no understanding of应用副词,故填apparently。

(4)考查冠词。句意:他被要求为博物馆设计一个新的入口,令所有人惊讶的是,他没有增加一些混凝土块,而是创造了一个非常受欢迎的空间:在地下设置了一个旋转楼梯,并在顶部安装了一道灯光——这并没有损害旧的外墙。entrance为可数名词,此处表示泛指用不定冠词,且new为辅音音素开头的单词,故填a。

(5)考查介词。句意:他被要求为博物馆设计一个新的入口,令所有人惊讶的是,他没有增加一些混凝土块,而是创造了一个非常受欢迎的空间:在地下设置了一个旋转楼梯,并在顶部安装了一道灯光——这并没有损害旧的外墙。to sb.'s surprise固定短语,“令某人惊讶的是”,故填to。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:他被要求为博物馆设计一个新的入口,令所有人惊讶的是,他没有增加一些混凝土块,而是创造了一个非常受欢迎的空间:在地下设置了一个旋转楼梯,并在顶部安装了一道灯光——这并没有损害旧的外墙。本句为限定性定语从句,修饰先行词light,且先行词在从句中做主语,表示“灯光”,故用关系代词which或that,因此填which/that。

(7)考查时态语态。句意:当他还是个孩子的时候,他的想象力就受到了他们家在江苏苏州的古代花园的影响。本句主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且根据上文When he was a

child可知,为一般过去时,主语为imagination,谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填was shaped。

(8)考查名词。句意:在那里,他会在蜿蜒的小路上漫步,穿过奇形怪状的岩石,走向亭台楼阁,不知不觉沉浸在周围的美景中。path为可数名词,此处前面没有冠词,故用复数形式。故填paths。

(9)考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里,他会在蜿蜒的小路上漫步,穿过奇形怪状的岩石,走向亭台楼阁,不知不觉沉浸在周围的美景中。分析句子结构可知absorb在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语he构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故填absorbing。

(10)考查非谓语动词。句意:他认为这是一个让中国人摆脱沉闷的东欧街区,回到他们丢失的国内传统的机会。修饰名词chance应用不定式,chance to do sth.固定短语,“做某事的机会”。故填to bring。

【点评】本题考点涉及时态,名词,代词,副词,冠词,介词,定语从句,时态语态,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

8.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The giant panda, also ________ (know)as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native ________south central China. In the past many years, the giant panda ________ (drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other ________ (develop). Wild population estimates vary: one estimate shows that there are about 1, 590 inpiduals ________(1ive)in the wild, while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that ________ number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.

The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11, 1869, ________ the French missionary(传教士)Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter. In 1936, Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner ________ (bring)a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. To protect the pandas, in 2012, Earthwatch Institute, a global nonprofit that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important ________ (science)research, launched a program called“On the Trail of Giant Panda". This program, based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, allows volunteers to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity (圈养), and help them ________ (gradual)adapt to life in the wild.

【答案】known;to;has been driven;development;living;the;when;to bring;scientific;gradually

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国南方的大熊猫是如何成为可供人类饲养的动物的。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:大熊猫或被称为熊猫是中国南方本土动物。本句is是谓语动词,两个动词之间没有连词,得知称作是非谓语动词,与熊猫是被动关系。用过去分词。故填known 。

(2)考查介词。句意:大熊猫或被称为熊猫是中国南方本土动物。native to,固定短语,“本土的”,故填to 。

(3)考查时态语态。句意:在过去几年,大熊猫被驱逐出低地,那是由于农业发展,森林破坏和其他发展,熊猫曾经居住的地方。In the past many years,提示用现在完成时,the giant panda 和驱逐是被动关系。故填has been driven。

(4)考查名词。句意:在过去几年,大熊猫被驱逐出低地,那是由于农业发展,森林破坏和其他发展,熊猫曾经居住的地方。other修饰名词。故填development 。

(5)考查非谓语动词。句意:估计显示大约1590种动物住在野外。本句已经有谓语动词be,动词之间没有连词,因此用非谓语动词,inpiduals和居住是表示主动关系。故填living。

(6)考查冠词。句意:一些报道表明野外大熊猫数量在上涨。the number of固定短语,“...…的数量”。故填the。

(7)考查定语从句。句意:西方人第一次了解大熊猫是在1869年3月11日,当时法国传教士大卫收到一个猎人的熊猫皮。先行词是1869年,在定语从句中做时间状语。故填when。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:1936年,Ruth成为第一个给芝加哥动物园带回活的大熊猫。序数词后面用不定式作定语。故填to bring 。

(9)考查形容词。句意:为了保护大熊猫,一个全球非盈利组织带领志愿者来做重要的科学研究。形容词修饰名词。故填scientific。

(10)考查副词。句意:帮助大熊猫逐渐适应野外生活。副词修饰动词。故填gradually。【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,介词,时态语态,名词,冠词,定语从句,形容词以及副词等多个知识点的考查,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

9.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Digital receipts offer a few improvements over ________(tradition) paper receipts. One is health-related. Lots of receipt paper contains bisphenol—A, or BPA. This chemical can completely influence or outright change some bodily processes, like hair growth, hormone function and cell repair. ________ (reduce) receipt paper reduces the risk for BPA exposure for not only consumers but also for employees who handle the paper ________ a more routine basis.

Another reason why digital receipts are better just boils down to ________ (convenient). You can access those receipts through your email and file ________ (they) away in a separate folder or with a specific label for easy sorting. Or, if you need more help on the organization front, try a receipt tracking app. Physical receipts require you physically ________ (keep) track of them, and that means a shoe box or an accordion folder or a big thumb tack on a cork board in the kitchen. There have been times when I've let something go unreturned ________ I didn't have the receipt. I'm betting I'm not alone on that.

Some businesses, particularly local ones, use newer point of sale systems like Square that will ________ (automatic) send you a digital receipt if you've already received one from another business that uses Square. When you pay with the same credit you did at the first seller, and

you've already provided ________ email address to the Square system, you ________ (get) a receipt in your email minutes later.

【答案】traditional;Reducing;on;convenience;them;to keep;because;automatically;an;will get

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了与使用传统纸质票据相比,使用电子票据的益处。

(1)考查形容词。句意:数字收据比传统的纸质收据有一些改进。此处作定语修饰名词receipts应用形容词。故填traditional。

(2)考查非谓语动词。句意:减少纸质收据的使用不仅降低了消费者接触BPA的风险,也降低了那些经常使用纸质收据的员工接触BPA的风险。分析句子结构可,此句缺少主语,此处时动名词作主语。故填Reducing。

(3)考查介词。句意:减少纸质收据的使用不仅降低了消费者接触BPA的风险,也降低了那些经常使用纸质收据的员工接触BPA的风险。on a…basis固定短语,“在……的基础上”。故填on。

(4)考查名词。句意为:数字收据更好的第四个原因归结起来就是方便。boil down to固定短语,“归结起来是,其结果是”,此处名词作介词to的宾语。故填convenience。

(5)考查代词。句意:你可以通过电子邮件查看这些收据,并将它们归档到一个单独的文件夹中,或者用一个特定的标签进行分类。此处指代前面名词复数those receipts 在句子中作宾语应用人称代词宾格形式them。故填them。

(6)考查非谓语动词。句意:有形的收据需要你亲自去记录。require sb. to do sth.固定短语,“请求某人做某事”,动词不定式作require的宾补。故填to keep。

(7)考查连词。句意:有好几次,我因为没有收据而不能把东西退回了。本句为原因状语从句,表示“因为”应用because。故填because。

(8)考查副词。句意:Square会自动给你发送电子收据。修饰动词send应用其副词形式。故填automatically。

(9)考查冠词。句意:您已经向Square系统提供了一个电子邮件地址。address是可数名词,且此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,又因 address的发音是以元音音素开头的,应填an。(10)考查时态。句意:你会在几分钟后收到一封邮件。此处为主句谓语动词,根据when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知,此处主句为一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来。故填一般将来时。故填will get。

【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,非谓语动词,介词,名词,代词,连词,副词,冠词以及时态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

10.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

In South Korea smartphone cases come with rings fixed on the back ________ (prevent) clumsy owners from dropping them. This makes people look like they are married to their phones. In lots of Seoul's coffee ________ (shop), couples on dates spend much more time looking at their

screens ________ at each other. The results go beyond the ________ (potential) terrible consequences for romance.

Walk around the streets of Seoul, and there is ________ real risk of bumping into people ________ eyes are glued to their smartphone screens. According to the statistics, around 370 traffic accidents annually ________ (cause) by pedestrians using smartphones.

The government initially tried to fight the "smombie" (手机僵尸) phenomenon by distributing hundreds of stickers (贴纸) around cities, ________ (beg) people to "be safe" and look up. This seems to have had little effect even though, in Seoul at least, it recently replaced the stickers with stronger plastic boards.

Instead ________ appealing to people's good sense, the authorities have therefore turned to trying to save them from being run over. Early last year, they ________ (begin) to test floor-level traffic lights in smombie hotspots in central Seoul. Since then, the experiment has been extended around and beyond the capital. For the moment, the government is keeping old-fashioned eye-level pedestrian lights as well. But in future, the way to look at a South Korea crossroads may be down.

【答案】to prevent;shops;than;potentially;a;whose;are caused;begging;of;began

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了韩国人的手机依赖症以及政府对这一现象已经采取的一些措施。

(1)考查非谓语动词。句意:在韩国,智能手机外壳背面装有指环,以防止手机从笨拙的用户手中脱落。这句话中谓语动词为come with,所以空格处填非谓语动词。这里用来表达手机外壳装有指环的目的,故用不定式做目的状语,填to prevent。

(2)考查名词。句意:在首尔的很多咖啡店里,情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。空格前有lots of与名词所有格修饰,所以空格处应填名词。shop为可数名词,lots of修饰名词时,应用名词的复数形式。故填shops。

(3)考查连词。句意:在首尔的很多咖啡店里,情侣看手机的时间远远超过看约会对象的时间。由much more time可知,这是一个比较句式。故填than。

(4)考查副词。句意:这一行为除了可能会破坏浪漫气氛,还有其他后果。空格位于形容词前,需用副词修饰。故填potentially。

(5)考查冠词。句意:走在首尔的街头上,你很有可能会撞到其他人,因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。空格后的名词risk为单数形式,所以空格处应填冠词。real是以辅音音素开始的,故填a。

(6)考查定语从句。句意:走在首尔的街头上,你很有可能会撞到其他人,因为他们的注意力都在手机屏幕上了。这是一个定语从句,先行词为people,指人,且在从句中作eyes的定语,所以选用关系词whose,故填whose。

(7)考查时态语态与主谓一致。句意:据统计,每年大约370例交通事故是由用手机的行人引起的。这句话缺少谓语,由annually可知,这句话使用一般现在时。主语traffic accidents与cause之间是被动关系,所以使用被动语态。且由于主语traffic accidents是复数形式,所以谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are caused。

(8)考查非谓语动词。句意:政府最初试图通过在城市中分发数百个贴纸来恳求人们“注

意安全”并抬头看,以此来应对“手机僵尸”现象。这句话的谓语动词为tried to,所以空格处填非谓语动词。主语The government与beg之间是主动关系,且分发贴纸与beg这两个动作是同时发生的,所以使用现在分词作状语。故填begging。

(9)考查介词。句意:政府当局没有诉诸于人们抬头看路的良好意识,而是试图挽救他们免于被车辆碾压。空格后为动名词形式,所以空格中填介词。instead of固定短语,“代替; 作为……的替换”,故填of。

(10)考查时态。句意:去年年初,他们开始在首尔市中心的手机僵尸热点区域试点路面交通信号灯。这句话缺少谓语动词,且由early last year可知,这句话应使用一般过去时。故填began。

【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,名词,连词,副词,冠词,定语从句,时态语态,介词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。

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