高考英语复习资料：高中英语非谓语动词重难点讲练(附答案)

高考英语复习资料：高中英语非谓语动词重

难点讲练（附答案）

非谓语动词是高中三年乃至以后的英语学习中都非常重要的内容，在高中阶段性考试和重要考试中占较大分值的比重。小编在这里为同学们总结了这些非常非常

重要的知识点，希望能够帮到同学们，加油哦！

非谓语动词是指分词（包括现在分词和过去分词）、不定式、动名词等三种形式，即：doing , done , to do , doing 。

当然它们有各自不同的变化形式，如：

现在分词 doing : 有being done（被动式） ; having done （完成式）; having been done （完成被动式）

不定式 to do : 有to be done （被动式）; to have done （完成式）; to be doing（进行式）

动名词 doing : 有having done（完成式）; being done（被动式） ; having been done （完成被动式）

非谓语动词的特点： 三种非谓语动词都具有动词的特征，虽然它们没有人称和数的变化，但是它们都能带自己的状语或有时跟宾语。具体来讲：分词在句子中可以做定语、表语、状语或补足语等；动名词在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语等；不定式在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语、补足语或状语。

下面分别对三种非谓语动词进行讲解： 一、动词不定式

先看几个例句，判断不定式在句中的成分。

1．To learn a foreign language is difficult .作主语 2． His wish is to be a driver . 作表语

3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer .作宾语

4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises . 作宾语补足语 5．I have nothing to say .作定语

6．They went to see their aunt . 目的状语

7．It’s easy to see their aunt.作真正主语，it做形式主语

8．I don’t know what to do next .带有连接代词的动词不定式作宾语 9．I heard them make a noise .不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语

掌握动词不定式应注意的几个问题：

1.“to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。 agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to , equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to 2． 带to 还是不带to

I have no choice but to give in

I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom .

但是： He was seen to enter the classroom .（被动语态中必须还原to） 3． 动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的。但是有时用of . It’s necessary for you to study hard 。表物的特征 It’s foolish of him to do it . 表人的特点

4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare ,

decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.

需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。例如:通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws .

5．不定式的省略。下列短语中，如果意义明确常常省略到to 。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , ought to , need to , used to , be able to

6．不定式作定语，应注意两种关系： 1）动宾关系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend . Please lend me something to write with . He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in .

He has no money and no place to live ( in ) . I think the best way to travel ( by ) is on foot . There is no time to think ( about ) . 2）主谓关系：

She is always the last ( person) to speak at the meeting .

---I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . ( 逻辑主语是I )

---Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now (逻辑主语不是I ) 7．不定式作状语，可以有以下几种意义： 1） 原因

He is lucky to get here on time . 这种结构中常用的形容词有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious . lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , diappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy 2) 目的

He came to help me with my maths .

3) 结果

I hurried to get there only to find him out . He is old enough to go to school . 8 . 不定式作补足语

I saw him play in the street just now . 能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有： 五看： see , look at，watch, observe, notice 两听： hear , listen to 三使： let , have make, 一感觉： feel

I saw him enter the classroom .

注: 当这些词为被动式时，不定式必须要带to , He was seen to enter the classroom .

二．动名词

Learning English is very difficult .作主语 学英语非常困难。

His job is driving a bus . 作表语 他的工作是开车。

I enjoy dancing .作动词宾语 我喜欢跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country .作介词宾语

我已经习惯了住农村。

注意以下几种结构：

1.There\'s no telling what will happen . 2.It\'s no use talking with him .

3.It\'s no good speaking to them like that . 4.There’s some difficulty ( in ) doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下单词替换: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下几个问题：

1．下列动词后跟不定式与跟动名词作宾语意义有区别， forget to do … 忘记要做某事 forget doing… 忘记做了某事 remember to do…记住要做某事 remember doing …记着做了某事 mean to do … 有意要做某事 mean doing … 意味着做了某事 regret to do … 对要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 对做过去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事

try to do … 尽力去做某事 try doing 试着做某事 learn to do … 学着去做某事 learn doing … 学会做某事

stop to do … 停下来去做（另一件事） stop doing … 停止做某事

go on to do … 接着做（另外一件事） go on doing … 继续做某事 used to do … 过去做某事 be used to doing … 习惯做某事

2．动名词作定语与现在分词作定语意义有区别 动名词作定语表达： n+ for doing 的含义

现在分词作定语表达： n+which(who) be doing的含义 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是动名词 ， 后者是现在分词

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy

3． 动名词的逻辑主语：

动名词的逻辑主语为代词或名词的所有格形式。 例如：His coming made us very happy .

4．动名词的语态和时态

5．动名词主动形式表被动的情况： need doing , want doing , require doing This room needs painting . 这个房间需要粉刷。 6．只能跟动名词作宾语的动词：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy ,

escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit . practise , require , suggest , risk ,keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can\'t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ,

三． 分词

1 The story is interesting . I’m interested in it . 这个故事有兴趣，我对这个故事感兴趣。

2 . This is a moving film . 这是一部动人的电影。 3. The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president . 秘书工作到深夜，为主席准备一篇长篇演讲稿。 4. Given more time , I’ll do it well .

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