05-09 MBA联考英语试卷及答案（这个是英语二的前身，据说有价值）

Born to win

2005 MBA联考英语试卷

Section I Vocabulary

Directions:

There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

1. Advertises often aim their campaigns at young people as they have considerable spending _____.

A. power B. force C. energy D. ability 2. We've bought some ______ chairs for the garden so that they are easy to store away A. adapting B. adjusting C. binding D. folding 3. The new speed restrictions were a ______ debated issue,

A. heavily B. hotly C. deeply D. profoundly 4. His change of job has ____ him with a new challenge in life

A. introduced B. initiated C. presented D. led 5. No _____you're hungry if you haven't eaten since yesterday

A. matter B. surprise C. wonder D. problem 6. The pianist played beautifully, showing a real _____ for the music

A. feeling B. understanding C. appreciation D. sense 7. The boss into a rage and started shouting at Robert to do as he was told

A. flew B. charged C. rushed D. burst 8. Politicians should never lose ______ of the needs of the people they represent

A. view B. sight C. regard D. prospect 9. The employees tried to settle the dispute by direct _____with the boss

A, negotiation B. connection C. association D. communication 10. You haven't heard all the facts so don't _____ to conclusions

A. dash B. jump C. much D. fly 11. I am _____ aware of the need to obey the vales of the competition A. greatly B. far C. much D. well 12. The manager has always attended to the _____ of important business himself A. transaction B. solution C. translation D. stimulation 13. As is known to all a country gets a (an) ______from taxes A income B. revenue C. rind D. payment I4,The government has decided to reduce ______ on all imports.

A. fee B. charge C. tariff D. tuition 15. The need for financial provision not only to producers but also to consumers A. connects B. links C .associates D. relates

16. The ability of bank to create deposits is determined by the ratio of liquid assets which they___. A. mount B. contain C. remain D. maintain

17 .The first serious prospect of a cure for Aids_____ a treatment which delays its effects ha

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emerged A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than 18. His parents died when he was young, so he was ____ by his grandma

A. bred B. brought C. fed D. grown

19.The Japanese dollar-buying makes traders eager to ______dollars in fear of another government inter

A. let in B. let out C. let go of D. let off 20. The local people could hardly think of any good way to ______ the disaster of the war A. shake off B. get off C. put off D. take off

Section II Cloze

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

A few decades ago, the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The ___21__benefit of such systems was to __22___the float of capital that was unavailable for ? __23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today, we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking__26__revolutionized.It is __27_ more efficient and faster, but more global. And now_28_the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.

__30__1997 and 2003,EFT value__31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40 trillion, more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics__33__should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is _35__central to the idea of an emerging \mind.\Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt. 21. A. hiding B. getting C. driving D. giving 22. A. introduce B. reduce C. produce D. increase 23. A. which B. that C. while D. where 24. A. mechanics B. methods C. procedures D. systems 25. A. extensive B. intensive C. profound D. great 26. A. is B. has C. has been D. had been 27. A. far B. even C. just D. not only 28. A. with B. by C. for D. on 29. A. linked B. integrated C. controlled D. joined 30. A. Between B. In C. From D. Among 31. A. decreased B. raised C. elevated D. soared 32. A. gross B. accelerated C. combined D. collective 33. A. lonely B. alone C. only D. merely 34. A. present B. represent C. reserve D. comprehend 35. A. so B. nevertheless C. thereafter D. therefore

Section III Reading comprehension

Born to win

Directions:

Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A,B,C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

Working at nonstandard times－evenings, nights, or weekends－is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one-third work weekends, according to Harriet B. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.

The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.

Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents' nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand, a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.

Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies, however, based on parent, shift, and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.

Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.

Unfortunately, says Presser, the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours, the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends, and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. \work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention,\

36. Which of the following demonstrates that working at nonstandard times is taking its toll on American families？

A. Stress on familial relationships. B. Rotating shifts.

C. Evenings, nights, or weekends. D. Its consequences.

37. Which of the following is affected most by working irregular hours？ A. Children. B. Marriage.

C. Single mothers.

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D. Working women.

38. Who would be in favor of the practice of working nonstandard hours？ A. Children. B. Parents. C. Employees

D. Professional child providers.

39. It is implied that the consequences of nonstandard work schedules are . A. emphasized B. absent C. neglected D. prevalent

40. What is the author's attitude towards working irregular hours？ A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Indifferent. D. Objective.

Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:

Most human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being－executive, specialized expert, or person in the street－encounters a complex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action? Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how inte1ligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outcomes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.

A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the pat of the \the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn't end when the meeting ends. Anger, resentment, and jealousy may lead them to sabotage the decision later, or to reopen the debate at later meetings.

There is a better. As philosopher Aldous Huxley said, \that counts.\

The structured-inquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless computer technology the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it's possible to create a level of clarity that sheer argumentation can never match.

The structured-inquiry process introduces a level of conceptual clarity by organizing the contributions of the experts, then brings the experts and the decision makers closer together. Although it isn't possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it's possible to organize the experts' information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing

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focus group; it's a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions.

4l. From the first paragraph we can learn that .

A. executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the street B. very few people decide before they think

C. those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do so D. people tend to consider carefully before making decisions

42. Judging from the context, what does the word \ (line 4,paragraph 2) refer to? A. Decision makers. B. The \

C. Anger, resentment, and jealousy. D. Other people.

43. Aldous Huxley's remark (Paragraph 3) implies that . A. there is a subtle difference between right and wrong B. we cannot tell who is right and what is wrong C. what is right is more important than who is right D. what is right accounts for the question who is right

44. According to the author, the function of the structured-inquiry method is . A. to make decision by debate

B. to apply the Internet and wireless computer technology. C. to brake on the thinking process, slowing it down D. to create a level of conceptual clarity

45. The structured-inquiry process can be useful for . A. decision makers

B. intelligence analysis meeting C. the experts' information D. marketing focus groups

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:

Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business.

The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started: pay-as-you-view. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present; they could watch from the trainer's stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays, to

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15．The opportunity to explore and play and the encouragement to do so Can ________the performance of many children．

A．withhold B．prevent C．enhance D．justify

16．All her hard work __________in the end，and she finally passed the exam． A．showed off B．paid off C．1eft off D．kept off

17．In order to live the kind of life we want and to be the person we want to be，we have to do more than just ________with events．

A．put sup B．set up C．turn up D．make up 18．The team played hard because the championship of the state was______. A．at hand B．at stake C．at large D．at best

19．I don‘t think you'll change his mind；once he‘s decided on so something he tends to _____it. A．stick to B．abide by C．comply with D．keep on

20．Tom placed the bank notes，_________the change and receipts，back in the drawer． A. more than B. but for C．thanks to D. along with

Section II Cloze (10 points)

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right ? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 21 she‘s worried about what she calls‘ my rolling mental blackouts.‖ ‖I try to remember something and I just blank out，‖she says

You may 22 about these lapses，calling them ‖ senior moments ‖or blaming \老年痴呆症)．‖Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you remember? Well, sort of．But as time goes by, we tend to blame age 24 problems that are not necessarily age—related．

―When a teenager can‘t find her keys，she thinks it's because she‘s distracted or disorganized，‖says Paul Gold．―A 70-year-old blames her 25 ．‖In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades．

In healthy people，memory doesn‘t worsen as 27 as many of us think．―As we 28 ，the memory mechanism isn‘t 29 ，‖says psychologist Fergus Craik．‖It‘s just inefficient．‖

The brain‘s processing 30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly 31. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency and 32 there‘s less activity in the brain．But，cautions Barry Gordon，‖It's not clear that less activity is 33 ．A beginning athlete is winded（气喘吁吁）more easily than a 34 athlete．In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.‖

There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 3 7 effort．Margaret Sewell says：‖We‘re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain. 3 9 shape．It‘s like having a good body．You Can‘t go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.‖

21．A. almost B. seldom C. already D. never 22．A. joke B. laugh C. blame D. criticize 23．A. much B. little C. more D. less 24．A. since B. for C. by D. because

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25．A. memory B. mind C. trouble D. health 26．A. disorganizing B. misplacing C. putting D. finding 27．A. swiftly B. frequently C. timely D. quickly 28．A．mature B. advance C. age D. grow 29．A. broken B. poor C. perfect D. working 30．A. pattern B. time C. space D. information 31．A . why B. how C. what D. when 32．A. since B. hence C. that D. although 33．A. irregular B. better C. normal D. worse 34．A. famous B. senior C. popular D. trained 35．A. as B. till C. though D. yet

36．A. stages B. steps C. advantages D. purposes 37．A. makes B. takes C. does D. spends 38．A. rest B. come C. work D. study 39．A. to B. for C. on D. in 40．A. so B. or C. and D. if

Section III Reading comprehension (40 points)

Directions:

Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Passage One

Prior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.

It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world‘s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world‘s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.

Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?

Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own

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language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization.

Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.

For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的）,however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous（原生的，土著的）communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language. 41.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________. A．an increasingly interconnected world B．maintaining small numbers of speakers C．relatively isolated language communities D．following the tradition of the 20th century

42.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is _______.

A．uncertain B．unrealistic C．foreseeable D．definite 43.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________. A．small languages become acceptable in work places B．homogenize the world‘s languages and cultures C．global languages reach home and community settings D．speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identity

44.Computer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in that it_________. A．makes learning a global language unnecessary B．facilitates the learning and using of those languages C．raises public awareness of saving those languages D．makes it easier for linguists to study those languages

45.In the author‘s view, many endangered languages are________. A．remarkably well-kept in this modern world B．exceptionally powerful tools of communication C．quite possible to be revived instead of dying out D．a unique way of bringing different groups together

Born to win Passage Two Everyone，it seems，has a health problem。After pouring billions into the National Health Service，British people moan about dirty hospitals，long waits and wasted money. In Germany the new chancellor, Angela Merkel, is under fire for suggesting changing the financing of its health system. Canada‘s new Conservative Prime Minister, Stephen Harper, made a big fuss during the election about reducing the country‘s lengthy medical queues. Across the rich world, affluence, ageing and advancing technology are driving up health spending faster than income.

But nowhere has a bigger health problem than America. Soaring medical bills are squeezing wages, swelling the ranks of the uninsured and pushing huge firms and perhaps even the government towards bankruptcy. Ford‘s announcement this week that it would cut up to 30.000 jobs by 2012 was as much a sign of it‘s―legacy ‖ health –care costs as of the ills of the car industry. Pushed by polls that show health care is one of his main domestic problems and by forecasts showing that the retiring baby-boomers (生育高峰期出生的人) will crush the government‘s finances, George Bush is to unveil a reform ;plan in next week‘s state-of –the –union address. America‘s health system is unlike any other. The Unite States spends 16% of its GDP on health, around twice the rich-country average, equivalent to $6,280 for every American each year. Yet it is the only rich country that does not guarantee universal health coverage. Thanks to an accident of history, most Americans receive health insurance through their employer, with the government picking up the bill for the poor and the elderly.

This curious hybrid（混合物） certainly has its strengths. Americans have more choice than anybody else, and their health-care system is much more innovative. Europeans‘ bills could be much higher if American medicine were not doing much of their Research and Development（R&D）for them. But there are also huge weaknesses. The one most often cited—especially by foreigners—is the army of uninsured. Some 46 million Americans do not have cover. In many cases that is out of choice and ,if they fall seriously ill, hospitals have to treat them. But it is still deeply unequal. And there are also shocking inefficiencies: by some measures,30% of American health spending is wasted.

Then there is the question of state support. Many Americans disapprove of the ―socialized medicine‖ of Canada and Europe. In fact, even if much of the administration is done privately, around 60% of America‘s heath-care bill ends up being met by the government. Proportionately, the American state already spends as much on health as the OECD（Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development）average, and that share is set to grow as the baby-boomers run up their Medicare bills and ever more employers avoid providing health-care coverage. America is , in effect, heading towards a version of socialized medicine by default.

46.Health problems mentioned in the passage include all the following EXCEPT_________. A. poor hospital conditions in U.K. B. Angela Merkel under attack C. health financing in Germany D. long waiting lines in Canada

47.Ford‘s announcement of cutting up to 30,000 jobs by 2012 indicates that Ford_________. A. has the biggest health problem of the car industry B. has made profits from its health-care legacy C. has accumulated too heavy a health-care burden

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D. owes a great deal of debt to its employees

48.In the author‘s opinion, America‘s health system is _________.

A. inefficient B. feasible C. unpopular D. successful 49.It is implied in the passage that_________.

A. America‘s health system has its strengths and weaknesses

B. the US government pays medical bills for the poor and the elderly C. some 46 million Americans do not have medical insurance D. Europeans benefit a lot from America‘s medical research

50.from the last paragraph we may learn that the ―socialized medicine‖ is____________. A. a practice of Canada and Europe

B. a policy adopted by the US government C. intended for the retiring baby-boomers D. administered by private enterprises

Passage Three

When Thomas Keller, one of America‘s foremost chefs, announced that on Sept. I he would abolish the practice of tipping at Per Se. his luxury restaurant in New York City, and replace it with European-style service charge, I knew three groups would be opposed: customers, servers and restaurant owners. These three groups are all committed to tipping——as they quickly made clear on Web sites. To oppose tipping , it seems, is to be anticapitalist , and maybe even a little French..

But Mr. Keller is right to move away from tipping—and it‘s worth exploring why just about everyone else in the restaurant world is wrong to stick with the practice.

Customers believe in tipping because they think it makes economic sense.―Waiters know that they won‘t get paid if they don‘t do a good job‖is how most advocates of the system would put it. To be sure, this is a tempting, apparently rational statement about economic theory, but it appears to have little applicability to the real world of restaurants.

Michael Lynn, an associate professor of consumer behavior and marketing at Cornell‘s School of Hotel Administration, has conducted dozens of students of tipping and has concluded that consumers assessments of the quality of service correlate weakly to the amount they tip. Rather, customers are likely to tip more in response to servers touching them lightly and leaning forward next to the table to make conversation than to how often their water glass is refilled——in other words, customers tip more when they like the server, not when the service is good. Mr. Lynn‘s studies also indicate that male customers increase their tips for female servers while female customers increase their tips for male servers,.

What‘s more,. consumers seem to forget that the tip increases as the bill increases. Thus, the tipping system is an open invitation to what restaurant professionals call ―upwelling‖: every bottle of imported water, every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the server‘s pocket. Aggressive upwelling for tips is often rewarded while low-key, quality service often goes unrecognized.

In addition , the practice of tip pooling , which is the norm in fine-dining restaurants and is becoming more in every kind of restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon , has ruined whatever effect voting with your tip might have had on an individual waiter . In an unreasonable outcome , you are punishing the good waiters in the restaurant by not tipping the bad one . Indeed , there

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appear to be little connection between tipping and good service .

Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage: Prior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.

It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world‘s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce and communication. For many of the world‘s peoples, learning one of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.

Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?

Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, many small languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages, rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization.

Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.

For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的）,however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous（原生的，土著的）communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language.

51.It may be inferred that a European-style service______. A . is tipping-free B .charges little tip C .is the author‘s initiative D .is offered at Per-se 52.Which of the following is NOT true according to the author . A .Tipping is a common practice in the restaurant world. B .Waiters don‘t care about tipping

C .Customers generally believe in tipping.

D .Tipping has little connection with the quality of service.

53.According to Michael Lynn‘s studies, waiters will likely get more tips if they______ A. have performed good service

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B. frequently refill customers‘ water glass C. win customers‘ favor

D. serve customers of the same sex

54.We may infer from the context that ―upwelling‖(Line 2, Para 6) probably means ________ A. selling something up B. selling something fancy

C. selling something unnecessary D. selling something more expensive

55.This passage is mainly about __________ A. reasons to abolish the practice of tipping B. economic sense of tipping

C. consumers‘ attitudes towards tipping D. tipping for good service

Passage Four

―I promise.‖ ― I swear to you it‘ll never happen again.‖ ―I give you my word.‖ ―Honestly. Believe me.‖ Sure, I trust. Why not? I teach English composition at a private college. With a certain excitement and intensity. I read my students‘ essays, hoping to find the person behind the pen. As each semester progresses, plagiarism（剽窃）appears. Not only is my intelligence insulted as one assumes I won‘t detect a polished piece of prose from an otherwise-average writer, but I feel a sadness that a student has resorted to buying a paper from a peer. Writers have styles like fingerprints and after several assignments, I can match a student‘s work with his or her name even if it‘s missing from the upper left-hand corner.

Why is learning less important than a higher grade-point average（GPA）? When we‘re threatened or sick, we make conditional promises. ―If you let me pass math I will ….‖ ―Lord, if you get me over this before the big homecoming game I‘ll….‖ Once the situation is behind us, so are the promises. Human nature? Perhaps, but we do use that cliché（陈词滥调）to get us out of uncomfortable bargains. Divine interference during distress is asked; gratitude is unpaid. After all, few fulfill the contract, so why should anyone be the exception. Why not ?

Six years ago, I took a student before the dean. He had turned in an essay with the vocabulary and sentence structure of PhD thesis. Up until that time, both his out-of-class and in-class work were borderline passing.

I questioned the person regarding his essay and he swore it I‘d understand this copy would not have the time and attention an out-of-class paper is given, but he had already a finished piece so he understood what was asked. He sat one hour, then turned in part of a page of unskilled writing and faulty logic. I confronted him with both essays. ―I promise…., I‘m not lying. I swear to you that I wrote the essay. I‘m just nervous today.‖

The head of the English department agreed with my finding, and the meeting with the dean had the boy‘s parents present. After an hour of discussion, touching on eight of the boy‘s previous essays and his grade-point average, which indicated he was already on academic probation（留校察看）, the dean agreed that the student had plagiarized. His parents protested, ―He‘s only a child‖ and we instructors are wiser and should be compassionate. College people are not really children and most times would resent being labeled as such…. Except in this uncomfortable circumstance.

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56.According to the author, students commit plagiarism mainly for_____.

A．money B．degree C．higher GPA D．reputation

57.the sentence ― Once the situation is behind us , so are the promises‘ implies that_________. A．students usually keep their promises

B．some students tend to break their promises C．the promises are always behind the situation

D．we cannot judge the situation in advance, as we do to the promises

58.The ―borderline passing‖（Line 3,Para.3）probably means____________. A．fairly good B．extremely poor C．above average D．below average

59.The boy‘s parents thought their son should be excused mainly because_______________. A．teachers should be compassionate B．he was only a child C．instructors were wiser D．he was threatened

60.Which of the following might serve as the title of this passage? A．Human Nature B．Conditional Promises

C．How to Detect Cheating D．The Sadness of Plagiarism

Section IV Translation (20 points)

Directions:

In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Powering the great ongoing changes of our time is the rise of human creativity as the defining feature of economic life. Creativity has come to be valued, because new technologies, new industries and new wealth flow from it. And as a result, our lives and society have begun to echo with creative ideas. It is our commitment to creativity in its varied dimensions that forms the underlying spirit of our age.

Creativity is essential to the way we live and work today, and in many senses always has been. The big advances in standard of living –-not to mention the big competitive advantages in the marketplace--always have come from‖ better recipes, not just more cooking.‖ One might argue that‘s not strictly true. One might point out, for instance, that during the long period from the early days on the Industrial Revolution to modern times, much of the growth in productivity and material wealth in the industrial nations came not just from creative inventions like the steam engine, but from the widespread application of ―cooking in quantity‖ business methods like massive division of labor ,concentration of assets, vertical integration and economies of scale. But those methods themselves were creative developments.

Section V Writing (20 points)

Directions:

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In this part, you are asked to write a composition according to the information below. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Accidents in a Chinese City(2005)

Main accident causes 1. drivers turning left without due care 2. drivers traveling too close to other vehicles 3. pedestrians crossing roads carelessly 4. drivers driving under the influence of alcohol 5. Drivers failing to give a signal number of accidents in 2005 608 411 401 281 264 Percentage rise(+)or fall(-) over 2004 +10％ +9％ +12％ +15％ —5％

2007MBA联考英语试卷参考答案

Section I Vocabulary and Structure

1-5 BABDB 6-10 BCACC 11-15 ADCBC 16-20 BABBD Section II Cloze

21-25 AADCA 26-30 ADDAB 31-35 ABDDC 36-40 BBBCD Section III Reading Comprehension

41-45 CBDBC 46-50 BCBDC 51-55 ABCDA 56-60 CDBBB Section IV Translation (参考译文)

人类创造力的提升,作为经济生活所定义的特征,为我们这个时代正在发生的巨大变化,提供了巨大的动力。因为新的技术,新的工业,新的财富都伴随着创造力产生,创造力逐渐受到重视。所以,我们的生活中和社会中,开始回响着创造性的思想。正是我们在各个方面对创造力的认同,形成了我们这个时代潜在的精神。创造力对于我们今天的生活和工作是致关重要的,从许多意义上来说曾经也是。在不设计大市场中大的竞争优势的情况下,生活水平的大幅度提高总是来自更好的食谱,而不是更多的烹饪。也许会有人提出这并不完全正确。有人也许会举例指出,从早期的工业革命到现代化时代这么长的时期内,在工业领域中,许多生产效率的进步和物质财富的增长并不仅仅来源煜创造性的发明,如蒸气机,还来源于讲求量的商业方法的广泛应用,比如大规模的劳动力划分,资本集中,纵向联合和经济规模。但是这些方法本身就是创造性的发展。

Section V Writing (20 points)

Part A

Directions

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Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Suppose in order to contribute to the Project Hope, you plan to offer financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your aid plan.

Do not sign your name at the end of the letter; use ―Zhang Wei‖ instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

审题谋篇

申请信严格来说和推荐信很相似，属于自荐。涉及的范围很广，包括申请工作，申请工作，申请奖学金，申请留学等。本题属于申请获得希望工程的捐助资格，获得一个捐助对象。很多考生因为对话题不是很熟悉，导致无话可说，完不成写作任务。但是题干已经为考生明确了写作内容，只要严格按照题目要求展开即可。

首先，根据题干要求明确写作对象，语域和结尾礼词。

本文的写作对象是核准此次申请的负责人，但是题干没明确该人的称呼，甚至性别，所以只能使用To Whom It May Concern，或是Dear Sir/Madam.本文是一篇写给希望工程的一个申请信，属于公务信函，写作过程中应使用正式语体，应避免出现省略语和缩略语。同时考生还应注意切勿以施舍者的角度，语言过于盛气凌人。

结尾礼词可以使用Yours sincerely/ Sincerely yours,署名要严格遵守题目要求，使用Zhang Wei.

其次，根据题目规定的话题，构思作文。此处通常是考生犯下致命错误的地方：漏 掉题目要求的要点，这样的错误在阅卷过程中是要严重；1）asking them to help find a candidate ；2）specify what kind of child you want to help and 3） you will carry out your plan.考生需要根据这三点展开写作，缺一不可。

参考范文

Dear Sir or Madam,

As a student who can support myself financially, I am writing to inquire if you can help me find a potential beneficiary of Project Hope.

I wonder whether it is convenient for you if two things regarding the child are taken into account. For one thing, it will be preferable if the child comes from Sichuan Province, for I am intended to help a child from my hometown. For another, it will be better if he or she is a primary school student who was forced to drop school because of abject poverty.

I would like to help the recipient of my assistance annually till his graduation from a university. Above all, the money I will pay will cover his tuition fee and other expenses at school. Besides, I will correspond with him once a month so that he can get advice whenever he needs.

Thank you for your time and your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.

Yours sincerely,

Zhang Wei

范文分析:

本文是一封请求信，格式正确、表意明确、内容要点覆盖全面。第一段亮明身份和写信诉求——请求帮忙寻找一位希望工程的资助对象（beneficiary of Project Hope）。第二段给出对资助对象的要求和条件，一方面是地域要求（来自四川），另一方面是身份要求（必须是辍学儿童）。第三段写明自己的资助实施计划（一直资助对方到大学毕业），最后表达感谢，

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希望能得到尽快答复。全文语言得体，词汇丰富、准确，句式多变，能够在任务完成过程中体现出作者语言交际的能力。

译文：

尊敬的先生/女士：

作为一个能够在经济上独立的学生，我写信来询问，是否您可以帮我找到一个希望工程的赞助对象。

我希望在寻找这个接收赞助的人时最好能够考虑以下两个条件：一，我倾向于找一个来自四川省的儿童，因为我想帮助我家乡的人。另一方面，我希望是一个因为家庭贫穷而被迫辍学的小学生。

我计划自助这样的一个孩子直到对方大学毕业。首先，我会支付其学费以及在学校的所有相关开销。另外，我每个月会和对方通一次信，以便在其需要帮助的时候能够得到一些建议。感谢您抽时间阅读我的请求信，盼复！

真诚的, 张 蔚

Part B

Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following table. Describe the table and state your opinion. You should write at least 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

Accidents in a Chinese City(2005)

Main accident causes 1. drivers turning left without due care 2. drivers traveling too close to other vehicles 3. pedestrians crossing roads carelessly 4. drivers driving under the influence of alcohol 5. Drivers failing to give a signal number of accidents in 2005 608 411 401 281 264 Percentage rise(+)or fall(-) over 2004 +10％ +9％ +12％ +15％ —5％ 审题谋篇：

1．认真分析表格信息、揣测图表制作意图

今年的图表是一个关于中国某城市2005年汽车交通事故引发的原因和趋势的分析表。图中分析造成事故原因主要有司机转弯时粗心、司机行车过程中未和别的车保持安全车距、行人不按规矩穿行马路、司机酒后驾车、以及司机未能及时发出信号等5个原因。其中，引发事故最多的是司机转弯时粗心和未能保持安全车距、以及行人穿行马路三项原因。而在这些原因中，引发事故案例增长速度最快的是酒后驾车、驾驶粗心和行人乱穿马路。由此我们可以窥测到出题人意在指出，交通出行的各个参与者都对交通事故的多发负有一定责任，并

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且这些事故都是可以避免的。

从话题上来看，2007年是一个重大交通事故频发的年代，而且酒后驾车越来越多的成为交通事故的幕后黑手。整个社会开始对这个事情给予极其高度的重视。因此英语二的考察话题上来讲，仍然以社会关注热点为主。

2．结合题目指令，策划文章框架

(1)简明描述图表：虽然图表数据较多，描述时却不能面面俱到，适当引用即可。 (2)分析现象背后的原因。或者粗心或者酒后。总之交通参与者没有给予重视。 (3)做出自己的评论：阐述自己的相关看法，可以是建议或者号召等。

参考范文：

As can be seen from the above table, the traffic accidents in this Chinese city were still ignored by both drivers and pedestrians. In 2005, causing respectively 608, 411, and 401 accidents, drivers careless turning left, drivers keeping too close to other vehicles, and pedestrians crossing roads carelessly are on the top of the list of the main reasons for accidents. Another noticeable change is the jump of accidents due to drunk driving, with an increase of 15%.

It is not difficult for us to come up with some possible factors that are responsible for the phenomenon depicted in the table. For one thing, both drivers and pedestrians apparently have not realized that the consequence of careless driving or walking is actually serious. Lack of full attention to this could lead to great loss in themselves and others. For another, the implementation of the traffic regulations of our country had not be strictly obeyed. And when they violate the traffic rules, they did not got due punishment.

Therefore, both the government and the ordinary people are obliged to work to change such situation. Drivers should drive his car carefully, especially when the weather is bad; and pedestrians should not cross a road when the traffic lights do not permit them to; and the government should also formulate relative rules and regulations to predict the drivers and travelers to go against the rules, and to make them refrain themselves from perform casually.

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2008年全国攻读工商管理硕士研究生入学考试

英语试题

Section I Vocabulary

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices

marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

1. Oil is an important ______material which can be processed into many different products,

including plastics.

A raw B bleak C flexible D fertile

2. The high living standards of the US cause its present population to ____ 25 percent of the

world‘s oil.

A assume B consume C resume D presume 3. You shouldn‘t be so ___ ---I didn‘t mean anything bad in what I said.

A sentimental B sensible C sensitive D sophisticated 4. Picasso was an artist who fundamentally changed the ___ of art for later generations. A. philosophy B concept C viewpoint D theme

5. Member states had the option to ____ from this agreement with one year‘s notice. A deny B object C suspect D withdraw

6. The two countries achieved some progress in the sphere of trade relations, traditionally a source of ____ irritation.

A mutual B optional C neutral D parallel

7. Williams had not been there during the ___ moments when the kidnapping had taken place. A superior B rigorous C vital D unique 8. Travel around Japan today, and one sees foreign residents a wide ____ of jobs. A range B field C scale D area

9. Modern manufacturing has ___ a global river of materials into a stunning array of new products.

A translated B transformed C transferred D transported

10. Lightning has been the second largest storm killer in the US over the past 40 years and is ____ only by flood.

A exceeded B excelled C excluded D extended

11. Voices were ____as the argument between the two motorists became more bad-tempered.

A. swollen B. increased C. developed D. raised

12. Some sufferers will quickly be restored to prefect health, ___others will take a longer time. A. which B. where C. when D. whereas 13. My brother likes eating very much but he isn‘t very ___about the food he eats. A. special B. peculiar C. particular D. unusual

14. Britain might still be part of France if it weren‘t ____a disastrous flood 200.000 years ago,

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according to scientists from Imperial College in London.

A. upon B. with C. in D. for

15. The water prize is an international award that __outstanding contributions towards solving global water problems.

A. recognizes B. requires C. releases D. relays

16. In its 14 years of _____, the European Union has earned the scorn of its citizens and skepticism from the United States.

A. endurance B. emergence C. existence D. eminence 17. His excuse for being late this morning was his car had __ in the snow.

A. started up B. got stuck C. set back D. stood by

18.____widespread belief cockroaches (螳螂) would not take over the world if there were no around to step on them.

A. In view of B. Thanks to C. In case of D. Contrary to

19. Consciously or not, ordinary citizens and government bureaucrats still _____the notion that Japanese society is a unique culture.

A. fit in with B. look down on C. cling to D. hold back 20. As you can see by yourself, things ____to be exactly as the professor had foreseen. A . turned in B. turned out C. turned up D. turned down

Section II Cloze (10 points)

Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C

and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Olympic Games are held every four years at a different site, in which athletes _21__different nations compete against each other in a __22_ of sports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the winter Olympics.

In order to __23__the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to the international Olympic committee (IOC). After all proposals have been _24___, the IOC votes. If one city is successful in gaining a majority in the first vote, the city with the fewest votes is eliminated, and voting continues with __25__rounds, until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, __26__the winning city time to prepare for the Games. In selecting the _27__of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, chief among them which city has, or promises to build, the best facilities, and which organizing committee seems most likely to _28__the Games effectively.

The IOC also _29__which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. _30__,Tolkyo, Japan, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Mexico city, Mexico, the host of the 1968 summer Games , were chosen _31__to popularize the Olympic movement In Asia and in Latin America.

_32__the growing importance of television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into _33__the host city‘s time zone. _34__the Games take place in the United States or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay _35___ higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events __36____, in prime viewing hours.

___37__the Games have been awarded. It is the responsibility of the local organizing

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committee to finance them. This is often done with a portion of the Olympic television ___38_ and with corporate sponsorships, ticket sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many __39___ there is also direct government support.

Although many cities have achieved a financial profit by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially __40___. When the revenues from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts.

21. A. in B. for C. of D. from 22. A. lot B. number C. variety D. series 23. A. host B. take C. run D. organize 24. A. supported B. submitted C. substituted D. subordinated 25. A. suggestive B. successful C. successive D. succeeding 26. A. letting B. setting C. permitting D. allowing 27. A. site B. spot C. location D. place 28. A. state B. stage C. start D. sponsor 29. A. thinks B. reckons C. considers D. calculates 30. A. For instance B. As a result C. In brief D. On the whole 31. A. in time B. in part C. in case D. in common 32. A. Since B. Because C. As for D. Because of 33. A. amount B. account C. accord D. acclaim 34. A. However B. Whatever C. Whenever D. Wherever 35. A. greatly B. handsomely C. meaningfully D. significantly 36. A. live B. living C. alive D. lively 37. A. Until B. Unless C. Whether D. Once 38. A. incomes B. interests C. revenues D. returns

39. A. cases B. conditions C. chances D. circumstances

40. A. safe B. risky C. tempting D. feasible

Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are four passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or

unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET 1 . (40 points)

Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:

Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a party to celebrate the fact that he got his new home in exchange for a red paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald bartered the clip for increasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Having announced his aim (the house) in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power. ―My whole motto (座右铭) was ?Start small, think big, and have fun‘, ‖ says MacDonald, 26, ―I really kept my effort on the creative side rather than the business side. ‖

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Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now big business on the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwide will exchange some $10 billion worth of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites. These Web sites allow companies to trade products for a virtual currency, which they can use to buy goods from other members. In Iceland, garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange, earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries. The Troc-services exchange in France offers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing.

This is not a primitive barter system. By creating currencies, the Internet removes a major barrier—what Bob Meyer, publisher of BarterNews, calls ―the double coincidence of wants.‖ That is, two parties once not only had to find each other, but also an exchange of goods that both desired. Now, they can price the deal in virtual currency.

Barter also helps firms make use of idle capacity. For example, advertising is ―hugely bartered‖ because many media, particularly on the Web can supply new ad space at little cost. Moreover, Internet ads don‘t register in industry-growth statistics, because many exchanges are arranged outside the formal exchanges.

Like eBay, most barter sites allow members to ―grade‖ trading partners for honesty quality and so on.. Barter exchanges can allow firms in countries with hyperinflation or nontradable currencies to enter global trades. Next year, a nonprofit exchange called Quick Lift Two (QL2) plans to open in Nairobi, offering barter deals to 38,000 Kenyan farmers in remote areas. Two small planes will deliver the goods. QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to be ―liberated from corrupt middlemen.‖ For them, barter evokes a bright future, not a precapitalist past.

41. The word ―techies‖ (Line 4, Para 1) probably refers to those who are ＿＿＿. A. afraid of technology B. skilled in technology

C. ignorant of technology D. incompetent in technology 42. Many people may have deliberately helped Kyle because they ＿＿＿.

A. were impressed by his creativity B. were eager to identify with his motto C. liked his goal announced in advance D. hoped to prove the power of the Internet 43. The Internet barter system relies heavily on ＿＿＿.

A. the size of barter sties B. the use of virtual currency

C. the quality of goods or services D. the location of trading companies] 44. It is implies that Internet advertisements can help ＿＿＿.

A. companies make more profit B. companies do formal exchanges C. media register in statistics D. media grade barter sites 45. Which of the follow is true of QL2 according to the author? A. It is criticized for doing business in a primitive way. B. It aims to deal with hyperinflation in some countries. C. It helps get rid of middlemen in trade and exchange.

D. It is intended to evaluate the performance of trading partners.

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:

The lives of very few Newark residents are untouched by violence: New Jersey‘s biggest city has seen it all. Yet the murder of three young people, who were forced to kneel before being shot

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in the back of the head in a school playground on August 4th, has shaken the city. A fourth, who survived, was stabbed and shot in the face. The four victims were by all accounts good kids, all enrolled in college, all with a future. But the cruel murder, it seems, has at last forced Newarkers to say they have had enough.

Grassroots organizations, like Stop Shooting, have been flooded with offers of help and support since the killings. Yusef Ismail, its co-founder, says the group has been going door-to-door asking people to sign a pledge of non-violence. They hope to get 50,000 to promise to ―stop shooting, start thinking, and keep living.‖ The Newark Community Foundation, which was launched last month, announced on August 14th that it will help pay for Community Eye, a surveillance(监视) system tailored towards gun crime.

Cory Booker who became mayor 13 months ago with a mission to revitalize the city , believes the surveillance program will be the largest camera and audio network in any American city. More than 30 cameras were installed earlier this summer and a further 50 will be installed soon in a seven-square mile area where 80% of the city‘s recent shootings have occurred. And more cameras are planned.

When a gunshot is detected, the surveillance camera zooms in on that spot. Similar technology in Chicago has increased arrests and decreased shootings. Mr. Booker plans to announce a comprehensive gun strategy later this week.

Mr. Booker, as well as church leaders and others, believes(or hopes)that after the murder the city will no longer stand by in coldness. For generations, Newark has been paralyzed by poverty ----almost one in three people lives below the poverty line----and growing indifference to crime. Some are skeptical .Steve Malanga of the conservative Manhattan Institute notes that Newark has deep social problems: over 60% of children are in homes without fathers. The school system, taken over by the state in 1995, is a mess. But there is also some cause for hope. Since Mr. Booker was elected, there has been a rise in investment and re-zoning for development. Only around 7% of nearby Newark airport workers used to come from Newark; now, a year, the figure is 30%.Mr Booker has launched a New York-style war on crime. So far this year, crime has fallen 11% and shootings are down 30 %( through the murder rate looks likely to match last year‘s high).

46. What happened in Newark, New Jersey on August 4th? A. The Newark residents witnessed a murder.

B. Four young people were killed in a school playground. C. The new mayor of Newark took office.

D. Four college students fell victim to violence.

47. Judging from the context, the ―Community Eye‖(Line5,Para 2)is_____

A. a watching system for gun crime B. a neighborhood protection organization

C. an unprofitable community business D. a grassroots organization

48.We learn from the passage that Newark has all the following problems EXCEPT_____ A. violence B. flood

C. poverty D. indifference 49. Mayor Booker‘s effort against crime seem to be ______

A. idealistic B. impractical C. effective D. fruitless

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50. The best title for the passage may be _____

A. Stop Shooting, Start Thinking, and Keep Living B. Efforts to Fight against Gun Crimes

C. A Mission to Revitalize the City D. Violent Murders in Newark

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:

According to a recent survey on money and relationships, 36 percent of people are keeping a bank account from their partner. While this financial unfaithfulness may appear as distrust in a relationship , in truth it may just be a form of financial protection.

With almost half of all marriages ending in divorce, men and women are realizing they need to be financially savvy, regardless of whether they are in a relationship. The financial hardship on individuals after a divorce can be extremely difficult, even more so when children are involved. The lack of permanency in relationships, jobs and family life may be the cause of a growing trend to keep a secret bank account hidden from a partner; in other words, an ‖escape fund‖.

Margaret‘s story is far from unique. She is a representative of a growing number of women in long-term relationships who are becoming protective of their own earnings.

Every month on pay day, she banks hundreds of dollars into a savings account she keeps from her husband. She has been doing this throughout their six-year marriage and has built a nest egg worth an incredible $100,000 on top of her pension.

Margaret says if her husband found out about her secret savings he‘d hurt and would interpret this as a sign she wasn‘t sure of the marriage.‖ He‘d think it was my escape fun so that financially I could afford to get out of the relationship if it went wrong. I know you should approach marriage as being forever and I hope ours is, but you can never be sure.‖

Like many of her fellow secret savers, Margaret was stung in a former relationship and has since been very guarded about her own money.

Coming clean to your partner about being a secret saver may not be all that bad. Take Colleen for example, who had been saving secretly for a few years before she confessed to her partner. ‖I decided to open a savings account and start building a nest egg of my own. I wanted to prove to myself that I could put money in the bank and leave it there for a rainy day.‖

―When John found out about my secret savings, he was a little suspicious of my motives. I reassured him that this was certainly not an escape fund that I feel very secure in out relationship. I have to admit that it does feel good to have my own money on reserve if ever there are rainy days in the future. It‘s sensible to build and protect your personal financial security.‖ 51. The trend to keep a secret bank account is growing because______

A. escape fund helps one through rainy days B. days are getting harder and harder C. women are money sensitive D. financial conflicts often occur 52. The word ―savvy‖(Line2,Para 2)probably means_______

A. suspicious B. secure C. shrewd D. simple 53. Which inference can we make about Margaret?

A. She is a unique woman. B. She was once divorced. C. She is going to retire. D. She has many children.

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54. The author mentions Colleen‘s example to show_____ A. any couple can avoid marriage conflicts B. privacy within marriage should be respected

C. everyone can save a fortune with a happy marriage D. financial disclosure is not necessarily bad

55. Which of the following best summary this passage?

A. Secret Savers B. Love Is What It‘s Worth C. Banking Honesty D. Once Bitten, Twice Shy

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:

―The word ?protection‘ is no longer taboo (禁忌语)‖. This short sentence, uttered by French President Nicolas Sarkozy last month, may have launched a new era in economic history. Why? For decades, Western leaders have believed that lowering trade barriers and tariffs was a natural good. Doing so, they reasoned, would lead to greater economic efficiency and productivity, which in turn would improve human welfare. Championing free trade thus became a moral, not just an economic, cause.

These leaders, of course, weren‘t acting out of unselfishness. They knew their economies were the most competitive, so they‘d profit most from liberalization. And developing countries feared that their economies would be swamped by superior Western productivity. Today, however, the tables have turned---though few acknowledge it. The West continues to preach free trade, but practices it less and less. Asian, meanwhile, continues to plead for special protection but practices more and more free trade.

That‘s why Sarkozy‘s words were so important: he finally injected some honesty into the trade debates. The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in tree trade, though few leaders admit it. Some economists are more honest. Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionist arguments are returning. In the short run, there will be winners and losers under free trade. This, of course, is what capitalism is all about. But more and more of these losers will be in the West, Economists in the developed world used to love quoting Jonoph Schumpeter, who said that ?creative destruction‖ was an essential part of capitalist growth. But they always assumed that destruction would happen over there. When Western workers began losing jobs, suddenly their leaders began to lose faith in their principles, Things have yet to reverse completely. But there‘s clearly a negative trend in a Western theory and practice.

A little hypocrisy (虚伪) is not in itself a serious problem. The real problem is that Western governments continue to insist that they retain control of the key global economic and financial institutions while drifting away from global liberalization. Lock at what‘s happening at the IMF (International Monetary Fund) The Europeans have demanded that they keep the post of managing director. But all too often, Western officials put their own interests above everyone else‘s when they dominate these global institutions.

The time has therefore come for the Asians-who are clearly the new winners in today‘s global economy-to provide more intellectual leadership in supporting free trade: Sadly, they have yet to do so. Unless Asians speak out, however, there‘s a real danger that Adam Smith‘s principles, which have brought so much good to the world, could gradually die. And that would leave all of us, worse off, in one way or another.

56. It can be inferred that ―protection‖ (Line 1, Para.1) means________

Born to win

A. improving economic efficiency. B. ending the free-trade practice C. lowering moral standard D. raising trade tariffs 57. The Western leaders preach free trade because________ A. it is beneficial to their economies

B. it is supported by developing countries C. it makes them keep faith in their principles

D. it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam Smith

58. By ―the tables have turned‖ (Line 3-4,Para.2) the author implies that________ A. the Western leaders have turned self-centered

B. the Asian leaders have become advocates of free trade C. the developed economies have turned less competitive D. the developing economies have become more independent

59. The Western economies used to like the idea of ―creative destruction‖ because it________ A. set a long-term rather than short-turn goal B. was an essential part of capitalist development C. contained a positive rather than negative mentality

D. was meant to be the destruction of developing economies

60. The author uses ―IMF‖ was an example to illustrate the point that_______ A. European leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocritical B. there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practice

C. global institutions are not being led by true globalization advocates D. European countries‘ interests are being ignored by economic leaders

Section IV Translation

Directions: In this section there is a paragraph in English .Translate it into Chinese and write

your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2 . (20 points)

The term ‖business model‖ first came into widespread use with the invention of personal computer and the spreadsheet(空白表格程序).Before the spreadsheet, business planning usually meant producing a single forecast. At best, you did a little sensitivity analysis around the projection. The spreadsheet ushered in a much more analytic approach to planning because every major line item could be pulled apart, its components and subcomponents analyzed and tested. You could ask what- if questions about the critical assumptions on which. your business depended-for example, what if customers are more price-sensitive than we thought?-and with a few keystrokes, you could see how any change would play out on every aspect of the whole. In other words, you could model the behavior of a business. Before the computer changed the nature of business planning, most successful business models were created more by accident than by elaborate design. By enabling companies to tie their marketplace insights much more tightly to the resulting economics, spread sheet made it possible to model business before they were launched.

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