FHSW-5使用说明书

FHSW-5型反渗透海水淡化装置

FHSW-5 Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination Device

使 用 说 明 书

Operation Manual

常 州 市 飞 华 船 用 设 备 有 限 公 司 Changzhou Feihua Marine Machinery Co., Ltd.

Add：江苏.常州.横山桥镇 PC：213119 Hengshanqiao Town, Changzhou, Jiangsu ，China Tel：0519-88602365 Fax：0519-88609065 E-mail：feihua365@126.com http://www.czfeihua.com

目 录Contents

一、 概述Overview -------------------------- 2 二、 工作原理Working theory ------------------ 4 三、 主要技术参数-------------------------- 8 Technical performance parameter

四、 装置组成、结构和布置情况-------------- 9

Device composition, structure and arrangement situation

五、 安装和操作使用Installation and operation use--- 10 六、 维护保养Maintenance ------------------ 17 五、 常见故障及排除Common trouble shooting------ 21

附1：系统原理图

attachment 1 device system theory drawing

附2：电气原理图

attached 2 electric theory drawing

附3：接线端子图

attached 3 electric wiring drawing

附4：装置外形图 attached 4 device appearance drawing 附5：高压泵分解图

attached 5 High-pressure pump decomposition picture

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一、概述Overview

反渗透技术是六十年代初问世的一种先进的膜分离技术。这种技术是使欲分离溶液的某些成分（如海水中的水）在压力的作用下，透过一种具有选择透过性的半透膜——反渗透膜，在膜的低压侧和在常温下收集透过物，而在膜的高压侧为被阻留的其他成分的浓溶液。它是一种节能、高效、无污染和实用性强的高新技术。

Reverse osmosis technology is a advanced membrane separation technology coming out at the beginning of sixties. The technology is to make some composition (as the water in the sea water) of the solution wished to separate to be affected under the pressure, to penetrate the reverse osmosis membrane—a half mirror having selection penetration, in the low pressure side of the membrane and normal temperature to collect penetrator, and in the high pressure side of the membrane is the dense solution of blocked other composition. It is a high and new technology of energy saving, high effect, no pollution and strong practicality.

水通过一种半透膜进入一种溶液或从一种稀溶液向一种比较浓的溶液的自然流动称作“渗透”，如图1（A）所示。这种对水或溶质具有选择透过性的膜谓之半透膜。但是，在浓溶液一边加上适当的压力则可使渗透停止，当稀溶液向浓溶液的渗透停止时的压力称为溶液的“渗透压”， 如图1（B）所示。反渗透则是在浓溶液一边加上比自然渗透压更高的压力，扭转自然渗透的方向，把浓溶液中的水压到半透膜的另一边，这和自然界的正常渗透过程相反，因此称为“反渗透” ， 如图1（C）所示。这种特制的半透膜称为反渗透膜。

（A） （B） （C）

图1 渗透示意图

The water’s natural flow through a half mirror enters a solution or from a dilute solution to a dense solution is called penetration.(as picture 1 “A” )the membrane having selection penetration for water and dissolved matter is called half mirror. But, put in suitable pressure on dense solution side that may stop the penetration, and the pressure during the penetration from dilute solution to dense solution stop is called solution penetration pressure. (as picture 1 “B” ) Reverse osmosis is that on dense solution side is added pressure higher than natural penetration pressure, to turn round the direction of natural penetration, let the water pressure is dense solution to affect other side of the half mirror, it is reverse to the normal penetration process in the nature,

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so is called reverse osmosis. This is special half mirror is called reverse osmosis membrane. (as picture 1 “C” )

（A） （B） （C）

这一技术的发展起源于海水或苦咸水的淡化，因此，通常也称为淡化技术。

The development of this technology originates from the desalination of the high brackish and seawater, so normally is called desalination technology.

海水淡化是利用反渗透原理将淡水从海水中分离出来，由于反渗透膜是一种半透性隔膜，能使水分子顺利通过而阻止盐分子通过的薄膜。假如有足够的压力作用在渗透膜一侧的海水上，当加压超过海水的渗透压力时，水分子从海水侧反向通过隔膜进入淡水侧，而盐分子被隔膜所阻挡,如图2a。当然由于浓度差的关系，仍有极少一部分盐分子会渗透过去，从而影响淡水水质。由于反渗透膜透水量与驱动压力成正比，因此设计反渗透海水淡化的压力就非常重要，除了克服海水渗透压外，还需考虑流量、给水浓度变化、产水量、水质等因素，通常反渗透海水淡化装置的操作压力为3.5～6.7MPa左右，系统示意图如图2b。当高压泵达到足够的作用压力时，将有一部分淡水透过反渗透膜，剩余的部分仍处于高压的浓缩水将通过一个减压针形阀而被排出装置外。

图2 系统示意图

The principle of reverse osmosis desalination is the use of fresh water from sea water to separate, as

the reverse osmosis membrane is a semi-permeable membrane and enable the smooth passage of water molecules and prevent the salt molecules to pass through the film. If there is sufficient pressure in the permeable membrane on the side of the sea, when the pressure over the infiltration of sea water pressure, water

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molecules from the water side reverse side through the diaphragm into the fresh water, and salt were blocked by barriers, in Figure 2a. Of course, as a result of the relationship between the concentration of poor, there are very few molecules of salt will penetrate the past, thus affecting the water quality of freshwater. Due to the volume of reverse osmosis membrane permeability is directly proportional to the driving pressure and therefore the pressure on the design of reverse osmosis desalination of sea water is very important, in addition to overcome the osmotic pressure of sea water, the need to consider the flow of water concentration changes in water production, water quality and other factors, usually reverse osmosis sea water desalination device for the operating pressure of about 3.5 ~ 6.7MPa, the system diagram in Figure 2b. When the high-pressure pump enough pressure to achieve, there will be a part of fresh water through reverse osmosis membranes,

The remaining parts are still in the high-pressure water will be concentrated decompression through a needle valve devices have been discharged.

picture 2 System drawing

FHSW系列反渗透海水淡化装置，引进美国DOW公司的SWC反渗透膜组件，以机械过滤器加二级精滤作为反渗透的预处理，提高了反渗透膜工作的安全、可靠性。

FHSW model reverse osmosis seawater desalination device, imported DOW SWC reverse osmosis membrane device, use sand filtration and two grade fine filtration as the pretreatment of reverse osmosis, for the raise of safety and reliability of the reverse osmosis operation.

二、工作原理Working theory

1、 海水淡化工艺流程seawater desalination technology flow

简要工艺流程如图所下：

海水→低压泵→机械过滤器→精滤器→保安滤器→高压泵→反渗透膜→—→浓缩水→舷外

淡水→合格淡水

不合格淡水

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Brief technology flows are as follows:

seawate→lowpressure pump→multi-medium filter→fine filter→micro filter→high pressure

pump→reverse osmosis membran—dense water→outside

fresher water→ dense water

Substandard water

装置系统原理图如附1（装置系统原理图）。

device system theory drawing as attachment 1 (device system theory drawing).

2、 工作原理Working theory

反渗透海水淡化装置由预处理、反渗透二部分组成。预处理部分的目的是将海水处理成为达到反渗透膜进水要求的水。预处理采用“ 机械过滤器 + 精滤+微滤”结合的型式，能确保反渗透膜进水浊度 < 1 NTU，污染指数FI＜5 。

Reverse osmosis seawater desalination device is composed of pretreatment, and reverse osmosis, and rear treatment three parts. The aim of pretreatment part is to treat the seawater becoming the water reaching the requirement of entering water of reverse osmosis membrane. Pretreatment uses model of “force lift pump + multi medium filter + fine filter” combining, can ensure reverse osmosis membrane entering water turbidity <1 NTU, pollution index FI<5.

机械过滤器内装有两种滤料，上层为粒径为0.5—1mm 的石英砂，下层为粒径为1—2mm的细石英砂。它能将海水中很细的砂粒、尘土、藻类、胶体等颗粒物质过滤掉，确保其出水浊度 < 1 NTU 。多介质过滤器工作一段时间后，颗粒杂质凝聚在滤料表面，一定时间后需用大量的水反冲洗。

In the inside of multi-medium filter there are two filtration materials, upper layer is quartz sand of grain diameter 0.5~1mm, lower layer is quartz sand of grain diameter 1~2mm. It can filter out the very little grains of sand, soil, algae, glue, etc, ensure out water turbidity <1 NTU. After multi medium filter works a period of time, grain impurity condensed on filter matter surface, after a period of time must use a great deal of water to backwash.

精滤器和微滤器内装有10μ和5μ过滤滤芯，能进一步去除水中的胶体及细微的颗粒，确保污染指数 FI < 5 。

In fine filter and safety filter installed 10μm and 5μm filter core, can further remove glue and micro grain in the water, ensures pollution index FI<5.

反渗透部分由高压泵、缓冲器、反渗透膜、反渗透膜容器、清洗系统等组成。

Reverse osmosis part is composed of high-pressure pump; buffer; reverse osmosis membrane; membrane tank; wash system, … etc.

由于海水含盐量较高，如当海水含盐量为35000mg/l时，其渗透压为2.4～2.6Mpa，为克服渗透压及浓缩等因素，反渗透制造淡水需在高压下进行，工作压力一般在4.5～6.9Mpa范围内。高压泵选用

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为三柱塞往复泵，最高输出压力可达7.0 Mpa。

As a result of the higher salinity of sea water, such as when the sea water salinity for 35000mg / l, the osmotic pressure for the 2.4 ~ 2.6Mpa, to overcome the osmotic pressure and concentration and other factors, to create fresh water reverse osmosis to be carried out under high pressure, work pressure general in the range of 4.5～6.9Mpa. Selection of three high-pressure pump plunger reciprocating pump, the maximum output pressure up to 7.0 Mpa.

反渗透膜选用美国DOW公司的卷式复合膜，型号为SW30-2540，数量4支。该膜最低脱盐率达99.5%，耐压7.0Mpa。

Selection of reverse osmosis membrane to DOW company's of the United States roll composite membrane, model SW30-2540, the number of four. The rate of membrane desalination minimum 99.5%, Pressure 7.0Mpa.

反渗透膜需安装在压力容器内。材料为玻璃钢（FRP），完全能耐海水腐蚀，四支压力容器内各装1支反渗透膜进行串联连接，可提高装置水利用率。

Reverse osmosis membrane to be installed in the pressure container. Material for glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), full capability of sea water corrosion, four pressure vessels containing one reverse osmosis membranes, using three stage bis way to improve water utilization devices.

淡水经盐量计检测如达到标准，即可向系统外供应淡水，如达不到标准，即进入排放管路排入大海。

The fresh water through the check if reached standard, may provide fresh water outside the system, if not reached standard, drains to the sea through draining pipe.

由于反渗透过程是一种浓缩的过程，因此反渗透膜表面的污染是不可避免的。当反渗透设备的性能下降（具体表现为产水量下降，产水含盐量上升，膜压差上升）时，即需对反渗透膜进行化学清洗。在化学清洗箱内配制一定浓度的化学药品，切换相应的阀门，启动高压泵，即可对反渗透膜进行循环化学清洗。

Owing to the reverse osmosis process is a concentrating process, so the pollution of reverse osmosis membrane surface cannot be avoided. When reverse osmosis equipment performance descends (concretely show production water drop, production water saltness raise, membrane pressure difference raise), must carry on chemical wash to the reverse osmosis membrane. Make up chemical medication of fixed density if the chemical wash box, replace relevant valve, start high pressure pump, may carry on circulated chemical wash to the reverse osmosis membrane.

3、 电气控制Electric control

本自动化系统中，程序的任务主要是针对于预处理系统、反渗透系统及其他辅助系统程序控制。

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The automated system, the procedures for the task is targeted mainly at the pretreatment system, reverse osmosis systems, post-processing systems and other supporting process control system,

系统功能控制各类泵来实现各台装置的运行﹑停机﹑系统故障报警。以完成对预处理系统、反渗透系统的启动、停运及监测保护等控制功能。

System controler process control all types of pumps to achieve the every devices running ﹑ stops ﹑ alarm system failure. To complete the pretreatment system, reverse osmosis systems start-up, decommissioning and monitoring the protection of control.

另外，通过仪器仪表实现整个系统工艺参数指示、报警。并对系统实现运行监示、自动保护报警与监控。

In addition, through the instrument parameters of the entire system of instruction, alarm. And systems running Monitors, automatic protection and alarm monitoring. 装置的电气控制包括以下内容：

The electric control of the device include following content:

（1） 控制低压泵、高压泵的起动、停止；Control start and stop of low pressure pump 、high pressure

pump;

（2） 高压泵进水不足保护。在高压泵进口处装有一只压力控制器，当供水不足时，高压泵进口

压力低于设定值时，装置将停机保护并发出声光报警。

The protection of entering water lacking of high-pressure pump. On high-pressure pump entrance pipeline installed an electric contact pressure gauge, if lack of water supply, high-pressure pump’s entrance pressure is lower than set value, the device shall stop of protection and alarm with sound and light.

（3） 反渗透膜进水超压保护。在反渗透膜进水口装有一只压力控制器，当反渗透膜进水压力超过设定值时，装置停机保护并发出声光报警。

The protection of entering water super pressure of reverse osmosis membrane. On reverse osmosis membrane water entrance pipeline installed a electric contact pressure gauge, if entering water pressure of reverse osmosis is higher than set value, the device stop for protection and alarm with sound and light.

（4） 反渗透产水超压保护。在反渗透膜产水管路上装有一只压力控制器，当产水管路不畅通时，装置将停机保护并发出声光报警。

The protection of production water super pressure of reverse osmosis. On reverse osmosis membrane production water pipe line installed a electric contact pressure gauge, if production water pipe line is blocked, the device stop for protection and alarm with sound and light.

（5） 装置可提供一对运行工作无源常开触点一对，综合报警无源常闭触点一对；

provides a passive work running a pair of normally open contacts, integrated passive alarm a pair of normally closed contacts;

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（6） 产水盐量显示控制。在反渗透膜产水管路上装有一只盐量计，它能显示反渗透膜产水的含盐量，当产水含盐量超过饮用水标准范围时，产水不进入淡水箱，而进入排放管路。

Production water saltness display control. On production water pipe line of reverse osmosis membrane installed a saltness meter, which can display the saltness of reverse osmosis membrane produced water, if production water’s saltness exceeds the scope of set value, the production water not enters into fresh water tank and enters in draining pipe line.

装置电气原理见附2（电气原理图）。

Device electric theory drawing sell attached 2(electric theory drawing).

三、技术性能参数Technical performance parameter

（1）进水含盐量entering water saltness： ≤35000 mg/L

（2）产水量production water quantity： 5m/d （5m/d= 208L/h=3.47LPM=0.92GPM） （3）回收率recovery rate： ～35%

（4）反渗透工作压力reverse osmosis working pressure：4.0～6.5Mpa （5）进水温度entering water temperature： 5～40℃

（6）产水含盐量fresh water dissolved solid： ≤ 700 mg/L（PPM） （7）装机容量capacity： ～3.5Kw

（8）电源mains：三相交流 380V ，50Hz 3 P/ AC 380V /50HZ

3

3

四、装置的组成、结构和布置情况

Device composition, structure and arrangement situation

4.1装置组成情况见表1 Device composition see table 1

表1 装置的组成情况 Table 1 Device composition 机型Model 产水量production water quantity 序号No. 1 2 3 设备名称Name 机械过滤器Multi-medium filter 精滤器Fine filter 微滤器 Micro filter 型号/规格/数量 Type 1054 1pcs 20” 1 pcs 20” 1pcs FHSW-5 5m3/d 备 注Remarks Changzhou Feihua Marine Machinery Co., Ltd. 8 Tel：0519-88602365 Fax：0519-88609065

4 5 6 7 8 9 10 高压泵High pressure pump 低压泵Low pressure pump 反渗透膜 RO membrane 电磁阀Electromagnetic valve 公用底座Common base 电控箱Electronic Control Box 清洗箱Cleaning box NP10/15-140S 1 pcs CHL2-30LSWLC/0.55Kw SW30-2540 4pcs DN15 2 pcs 1pcs 1pcs 1pcs SPECK/Germany CHINA DOW, USA 4.2装置结构特点及布置情况Device structure and layout features of the situation 4.2.1 装置结构特点Device structure

⑴ 装置采用整体框架结构，所有零部件均安装在一个公用底座上，结构紧凑，美观大方。 Installations in the overall frame structure, all components are installed on a common base, compact structure, elegant appearance..

⑵ 压力控制器、缓冲器、精滤器和微滤器等需要调整和维护的零部件均布置便于调节及拆装更换。 Pressure controllers, buffers, filters and micro-fine filter, such as a need to adjust and maintain the layout of the parts are removable to facilitate adjustment and replacement.

⑶ 部分管路连接采用快装卡套式结构，连接可靠稳定，拆装方便。

Part of line cards to connect the use of quick-nested structure, stable and reliable connection, easy disassembly.

4.2.2 系统、设备布置情况Appearance structure

系统设备布置情况参见装置外形图（见附3）。

The device appearance structures attached 3 (device appearance drawing)

反渗透膜、膜容器结构见反渗透膜、膜容器结构示意图（见附4）。Reverse osmosis membrane structures see attached 4 （Reverse osmosis membrane structures drawing）

五、安装与操作使用Installation and operation use

1、装置的安装the installation of the device:

装置的安装尺寸见附3 “装置外形图”

The installation size of the device see attached 3 “ device appearance drawing”. ⑴ 按图首先将装置本体就位固定；

according to drawing sizes make the device in position. ⑵ 将海水进水管路与装置的海水进口法兰连接。

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the device seawater entering pipe line flange joint the force lift pump entrance. ⑶ 将排放管路与装置排放口法兰连接。 the drain pipeline joint the device drain flange.

⑷ 将不合格水排放管路与装置不合格水排放口法兰连接。

the device substandard water pipeline flange joint the substandard water flange of the device ⑸ 将淡水管路与装置淡水出口连接。

the fresh water pipe line joint the fresh water exit of the device.

⑹ 将装置电源进线及外接控制线接入装置电控箱内接线端子。端子位置见附5（电气接线图）。 wire the mains entering lead of the device and the outer control lead to wiring terminal of the device electric control cabinet, terminal position see attached 6 (electric wiring drawing).

装置安装完毕。

2、启动前准备get ready before start

a、检查机械过滤器状态。Check the state of mechanical filters

检查机械过滤器的手动多路阀手柄处于“运行”状态。

Multi-port Valve of. mechanical filters is service

b、打开V1、V2、全开面板上浓水调节阀V8

wholly open V1、V2 and open the dense water adjusting valve V8 on the face plate,

c、将三通阀V3打到高压泵进水与保安滤器连通位置；将三通阀V4打到浓塑海水直接排放位置；

将三通阀V5打到产淡水和清洗水箱连通位置

make the three-way valve V3 on the position of the high pressurepump inlet and fine filter, make the three-way valve V4 on the position of serwater release to outboard; make the three-way valve V5 on the position of freshwater and cleaning box.

d、设定压力控制器。将高压泵供水欠压压力控制表PS1设定在0.1Mpa位置，反渗透膜进水超压

压力控制器PS2设定在6.5Mpa，反渗透膜产水超压压力控制器PS3设定在0.2Mpa。装置在出厂前已经设定好，可进行检查核对。

set up the pressure controller. Set the high pressure pump water supply owes pressure controller PS1 on the position of 0.1MPa, reverse osmosis membrane enter water exceed pressuer controller PS2 on the position of 6.5MPa, reverse osmosis membrane production water exceed pressuer controller PS3 on the position of 0.2MPa. The device has set before leaving factory, may carry on check.

e、合上电控箱内空气开关；close the air switch in the electric control cabinet.

f、将电控箱上“冲洗/清洗/工作”拨至“工作”位置

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Electronic control box will be the \g、接通电控箱电源，将电控箱上“电源开/关”达到“开”位置，可以看到电源指示灯亮。 put through the mains in the electric control cabinet, make the “mains off/on ” on the “on” position, may see the mains indication lamplight.

3、 启动start

a、按下“启动按钮”，低压泵开始运转，10秒后高压泵延时启动；

Push the launch button “START”,low pressure pump start and work, after 10 s, high pressurepump start b、待装置面板上浓水流量计指示稳定后，缓慢调节面板上反渗透浓水调节阀V8，这时反渗透膜进水压力开始上升并开始产水，观察反渗透膜进水压力表及产水流量计，至反渗透产水流量计达到 9.2GPM，这时反渗透膜进水压力应在4.0～6.5Mpa之间；

Panels to be installed on the instructions of the stability of concentrated water flow meter, the slow adjustment panel concentrated reverse osmosis water regulating valve V8, then reverse osmosis membrane water pressure began to rise and begin production of water, observe the pressure gauge and water reverse osmosis membrane production of water flow meter, flowmeter to reverse osmosis water production reached 69.5 LPM, then reverse osmosis membrane water pressure should be between 4.0 ~ 6.8Mpa;

e、检查盐量计指示值是否 ≤ 700mg/L。

Salt content of the instructions to check whether the value of ≤ 700mg / L

装置运行调节完毕,可以投入正常运行状态。正常运行状态中，装置浓水调节阀不需调整。 End of run-conditioning devices. Can be put into operation automatically. Automatic operation, the concentration of water regulating valve device needs no adjustment。

4、 停机device stop

a、缓慢打开浓水调节阀V8至全部打开；

slowly open dense water adjusting valve V8, till whole open;

b、按下电控箱上“停止”按钮，对应的工作指示灯灭，低压泵、高压泵停止工作； Push the launch button “STOP” on electric control cabinet, the corresponding indicator light work out, low pressure pump、high pressure pump shutdown;

c、切断电源。cut out the mains. D、装置停机。The device stop.

5、 装置自动运行the device automatically running

装置按手动运行操作启动后，即可投入运行。

By manually operated devices to start running, you can put into operation 装置自动运行过程中，将有以下情况：

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During the device automatically running, there are following conditions:

⑴ 当装置进水压力过低时，低于0.1MPa时，系统停机并发出报警。此时需切断装置电源，使装置控制复位。再重新启动装置。

⑵ 当反渗透膜进水压力过高时，高于6.5MPa时，系统停机并发出报警。此时需切断装置电源，使装置控制复位。再重新启动装置。

⑶当反渗透膜产水压力过高时，高于0.2MPa时，系统停机并发出报警。此时需切断装置电源，使装置控制复位。再重新启动装置。

⑷当多介质过滤器进入反冲维护状态时，高压泵将停止工作，待多路阀完成反冲，回到正常工作状态后再自动投入运行。

1）When device water entering pressure is too low, lower than 0.1MPa, device stops and alarms with sound and light. Now must cut off device mains, let device control reset. Then start force lift pump, start device.

2）When reverse osmosis membrane water entering pressure is too high, higher than 6.5MPa,device stops and alarms with sound and light. Now must cut off device mains, let device control reset. Then start force lift pump, start device.

When reverse osmosis membrane production water pressure is too high, higher than 0.2MPa,

device stops and alarms with sound and light. Now must cut off device mains, let device control reset. Then start force lift pump, start device.

When the multi medium filter get into back wash condition, the high pressure pump shall stop, until multi-way valve complete the back wash, return normal working condition, the device can automatically put into running.

6、TDS仪调节及设定Front Panel Illustration见附件

六、维护保养Maintenance

1、

多介质过滤器手动反冲洗multi medium filter

当多介质过滤器工作较长一段时间后，大量的杂质积聚在它的内部，使得阻力增大，这可从多介

质过滤器进出口压差反映出来，当进出口压差增加0.05Mpa时，需要对多介质过滤器进行反冲洗。

After multi medium filter works for a longer time a great deal of impurity accumulate in its inner, as a result the resistance increase, this is reflected by pressure difference of multi medium filter entrance and exit, if entrance and exit pressure difference in crease 0.05MPa, must carry on back wash to the multi medium filter.

⑴反洗backwash

当机械过滤器进出水压差大于0.05Mpa时（或按规定定期反冲洗）。此时需将电控箱上“冲洗/清洗/工作”拨至“冲洗”位置，同时把机械过滤器的手动多路阀手柄处于“反洗”状态，启动低压泵。

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反洗时间10-15分钟左右。

When the mechanical filter out of the water pressure is greater than 0.05 Mpa (or the required periodic backwashing). Electronic control box will be the \

or fast rinse \ ，Multi-port Valve of. mechanical filters is“ BACKWASH”，low pressure pump start and work， backwash time 10-15 minutes.

⑵正洗FastRinse

反洗完毕后，把机械过滤器的手动多路阀手柄处于“正洗”状态，启动低压泵，对机械过滤器进行正洗，正洗流量按正常工作流量。正洗时间10分钟左右后可进入正常工作状态。

Anti-washing has been completed, Multi-port Valve of. mechanical filters is“FastRinse”，low pressure

pump start and work, is washed in accordance with the normal flow of traffic. Wash time is about 10 minutes after

entering the normal working condition.

2、 精滤器和微滤器fine filter and micro- filter

当精滤器和微滤器工作较长一段时间后，滤芯堵塞严重，需要更换滤芯。可观察精滤器进出口压力表，当进出口压差达到0.05Mpa以上时即需要更换滤芯。更换时用扳手逆时针转动并松下滤器筒体，取出旧的滤芯，更换新滤芯。安装时注意密封，不得有泄漏。

When fine filter and micro filter work for a longer time, the filter core is blocked seriously, need to replace filter core. May watch entrance and exit pressure gauge of the fine fitter and the safety filter, if entrance and exit pressure difference exceed 0.05MPa, must replace filter core.. Then use pressing nut to press tight the filter core. Assemble the upper cover a new. When installation pay attention to the sealing, must avoid leak.

3、 反渗透膜的化学清洗chemical wash of the reverse osmosis membrane

反渗透膜长期运行也会在表面发生污染、结垢现象，表现为产水量的下降和脱盐率下降等现象。

这是由于水中的污染物在膜表面结垢所引起的，需用化学药剂进行循环清洗。当发生下列情况之一时，化学清洗就必须进行：

⑴产水量下降10%； ⑵产水含盐量明显上升；

⑶反渗透膜压降上升15%。

Reverse osmosis membrane through long time running may occur phenomenon of pollution, dirt, that leads to descend of production water and saltness rate. This owing to pollutant in the water form dirt on the surface of membrane must use chemical medicine to carry on circulation cleaning. In the event one of the following cases,

chemical cleaning must be carried out: ⑴ water production decreased by 10%; ⑵ production marked increase in water salinity;

⑶ reverse osmosis membrane pressure drop increased by 15%.

清洗反渗透膜的化学药剂选用见下表：Cleaning reverse osmosis membrane used chemical medicine see following table:

表3 化学清洗剂的选择Table 3 chemical cleaning agents choice

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清洗剂 清洗剂1 cleaning 1 膜污染物 无机盐 √ (CaCO3、CaSO4） 金属氧化物 √ Metal Oxide 硅胶体 Silica colloid 微生物 Microbial 有机物 Organic 清洗剂2 cleaning 2 √ √ √ 清洗剂3 cleaning 3 √ 化学清洗必须在装置停机状态状态下进行。

清洗步骤如下：Concrete cleaning steps are as follows: 根据污染情况选择合适的清洗剂。

According to pollution condition select proper cleaning dose 清洗操作步骤如下：

a、 在清洗箱中加入30L淡水，将所选择的清洗剂（粉状体）倒入清洗箱中溶解，将三通阀V3打到高

压泵进水与清洗滤器连通位置；将三通阀V4打到清洗回流至清洗箱位置；将三通阀V5打到产淡水至清洗箱位置；

b、 全部打开浓水调节阀V8；

c、 将电控箱上转换开关“冲洗/清洗/工作”拨至“清洗”一边，按下电控箱上“启动”按钮，高压泵启动，对应指示灯亮。对反渗透膜进行循环清洗；

d、 使反渗透膜进水压力在0.3——0.4Mpa，清洗时间约1-2小时；

e、 按下电控箱上“停止”按钮，高压泵停止，对应指示灯灭。这时停止化学清洗； f、 将装置各阀门调节至正常工作是启动前的准备状态。

g、 该种清洗程序结束，装置可以投入运行，或按以上顺序进行另一种清洗剂的清洗过程。

1、 Take 30L fresh water to the cleaning box, put in selected cleaning dose, make the three way valve V3 to the position of connectedness of cleaning fifter water exit with high pressure pump water entrance; make the three way valve V4 to the position cleaning back flow to the cleaning box; open the production water back flow valve V5;

2、Wholly open dense water adjusting valve V8;

3、Make the transition switch “working/cleaning” on electric control cabinet to the of “cleaning”, then push the“cleaningpump start” push button on electric control cabinet , cleaningpump working, the corresponding indicator light,start to the reverse osmosis membrane carry on circulation cleaning;

4、let the reverse osmosis membrane water entering pressure in the range 0.4~0.5MPa, cleaning time about

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1 -2 hour;

5、push the“cleaningpump stop” push button on electric control cabinet , cleaningpump down shut, the corresponding indicator light work;Make the transition switch “working/cleaning” to the “working” side then chemical cleaning stop;

6、The ready condition of the device is to adjust each valve of the device to normal working.

7、The cleaning procedure is end, the device may put into running, or according to above sequence carry on other cleaning process with other cleaning dose. 一般清洗步骤是：The general clean step is:

⑴ 首先进行清洗剂1清洗，然后将装置恢复至正常工作状态，启动装置，在低压下（浓水调节阀V8全开）运行装置，这时浓水全部排放，对装置进行低压冲洗，时间约10分钟。

First carries on the acid clean, then will install restores to the normal work condition, start the device,

(dense water adjusting valve V8 will all open) under the low pressure moves the installment, by now the dense water completely discharged, carried on the low pressure flushing to the installment, the time approximately 10 minutes.

⑵ 排尽清洗箱内清洗液，按清洗操作步骤进行清洗剂2清洗。

Drains away in the cleaning tank the acid cleaning liquid, carries on the alkali clean according to the clean sequence of operation

⑶ 清洗剂2清洗完毕后重新对装置进行低压冲洗，时间约15分钟。

After the alkali clean finished carries on the low pressure flushing again to the installment, the time approximately 15 minutes. ⑷ 装置可投入使用。

The equipment may the operational.

一般情况下清洗每3～4个月进行一次。每年对装置进行一次杀菌清洗.

In the ordinary circumstances the acid clean, the alkali clean every 3~4 months to carry on one time.Every year carries on a sterilization clean to the installment.

5、高压泵维护High-pressure pump to maintain

1）、检查高压泵机油，如减少应及时注入；

Check the high-pressure pump oil, such as reducing the injection should be timely;

2）、检查高压泵工作能力，若不能形成高压输出压力，则需拆开高压泵泵头进行清洗或更换密封圈

等零件。

High-pressure pump to check the ability to work, if not the formation of high-voltage output pressure, high-pressure pump pump head should be opened for cleaning or replacement of seals and other parts.

高压泵装拆参见高压泵分解图（附7）。

Assembly and Disassembly see high-pressure pump high-pressure pump decomposition map (with 7).

6、停运和贮存stop to transport and storage

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装置在长期停运和贮存的情况下，装置必须灌以灭菌保护液，灭菌保护液用1%亚硫酸氢钠配制而成。若环境温度低于0℃，则保护液中还需加入18%的甘油。

装置短期停运（不超过一星期），可不必灌保护液，每天在低压下运行0.5小时即可。 保护液加注方法同化学清洗。

The device in the condition of long time stop to transport and storage, the device must fill with bactericidal safety liquid, the bactericidal safety liquid is made of 1% sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3). If environ mental temperature is lower than 0℃, the safety liquid must be added 18% glycerol.

The device stop transportation for a shot time (not exceed on week), may not fill safety liquid, every day in low pressure may put running for 0.5 hour.

Safety liquid filling method is equal to chemical cleaning.

七、常见故障及排除Common trouble shooting

故 障 现 象 装置不能启动 装置停车报警 故 障 原 因 （1） （2） （1） （2） （3） 电源未供给 装置自锁 反渗透膜进水压力超过设定值。 反渗透膜产水压力超过设定值。 高压泵进水量不充足。 排 除 方 法 （1） 接通总电源，合上电箱内空气开关。 （2） 按操作使用方法调整压力控制器。 （1） 调节阀门V5，使反渗透膜进水压力恢复到设定值范围内。 （2） 检查产水管路是否畅通。 （3） 排除预处理部分故障；供水不足，启动增压泵。 （1）清洗精滤器滤芯、更换滤芯。 （2）对多介质过滤器进行反冲洗。 （1） 调节相应阀门，适当升高系统压力。 （2） 用化学药剂清洗反渗透膜。 （1） 用化学药剂清洗反渗透膜。 （2） 请专业人员检修。 供水量不足 （1） 预处理堵塞，压力损失太大。 反渗透产水量下降 反渗透产水含盐量上升 （1） （2） （1） （2） 反渗透部分压力偏低。 反渗透膜污染严重。 反渗透膜污染堵塞。 反渗透膜内部故障。 Trouble phenomenon The device cannot start Trouble cause （1） Mains have no supply （2） The device self locking Removing method （1） Put through general mains, close up air switch in electric cabinet. （2） According to operation manual adjust pressure controller. The device stop and alarm （1） RO membrane water entering （1） Adjust valve V5, let RO membrane entering water pressures exceed set value. pressure renew to the range of set value. （2） RO membrane production （2） Check if the production water pipe line is connected. water pressures exceed set value. （3） Remove the trouble of pretreatment part; water （3） High pressure pump entering supplies not enough, start force lift pump. water quantity not enough Lack of water supply Pretreatment part blocked, pressure （1）clean the filter core of fine filter, replace filter core. damage too large （2）multi medium filter carry on back wash. RO production water quantity （1） RO part pressure is lower. （1） Adjust relevant valve, properly rise system pressure. drop （2） RO membranes seriously pollute. （2） Clean RO membrane with chemical cleaning dose. RO production water saltness （1） RO membrane blocked due to （1） Clean RO membrane with chemical cleaning dose. rise pollution. （2） Check and repair by professional. （2） RO membrane inner trouble Changzhou Feihua Marine Machinery Co., Ltd. 16 Tel：0519-88602365 Fax：0519-88609065

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