英语假期作业14 答案

B3 4

[词汇点击]

1violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的

violence n．暴力；暴行

violently adv.强烈地；激烈地；凶猛地

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)The wind blew __violently__(violent) and the climbers had to give up.

(2)The young man was charged with robbery __with__ violence.

2unlike prep.不同；不像adj.不同的；不相似的

unlikely adj.不可能的

likely adj.可能的

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely __to bring__(bring) your work home.

(2)Mary and Anne are very quiet, but __unlike__ them, their younger brother Tony is very naughty.

3.fundamental adj.基本的；基础的；根本的

fundamentally adv.根本上；完全地

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)We all hope the worse situation of the world economy will be changed __fundamentally__(fundamental) this year.

(2)A knowledge of logic is fundamental __to__ any understanding of this problem.

4harmful adj.有害的

harm n．& vt.伤害；损害

harmless adj.无害的

(某人)做某事有(无)害处

【拓展】do good to/do…good表示“对……有好处”。

The treatment the clinic gave the man did him more harm than good.

那个小诊所对他进行的治疗反而使他病情加重。

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)It does little harm __to lie__(lie) on the beach in summer.

(2)The medicine is harmful __to__ children but __harmless__(harm) to adults.

(3)It is generally accepted that smoking __does__(do) much harm to our health.

5exist vi.存在；生存

existence n．存在；生存

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)I can hardly exist __on__ the wage(工资) I’m getting. There is no more money left for expensive things.

(2)No one knows how this world came __into__ existence at the very beginning.

6puzzle n．谜；难题vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难

puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑不解的

puzzling adj.令人困惑的

puzzlement n．迷惘；困惑

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)To my __puzzlement__(puzzle), he refused my offer that day.

(2)Alice read the letter with a __puzzled__(puzzle) expression on her face.

(3)The scientists have been puzzling __about/over__ how to solve the environmental problems fundamentally.

7in time及时；终于；迟早；最后

[一词多义]——写出句中in time的含义

(1)The driver slammed(猛踩) on his brakes when he saw the child, but he failed to stop in time.__及时__

(2)Don’t worry—I’m sure things will get better in time.__迟早__

[考点训练]——用time相关短语的适当形式填空

(3)The city __at one time__ must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.

(4)If you want much more information, get in touch with them __in time__.

(5)The car was not returned __on time__, and then was reported stolen.

(6)The match took nearly three hours and was interrupted __at times__ by rain.

(7)__At no time__ and under no circumstances will the soldier betray his home country.

8in one’s turn轮到某人；接着

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)When the economy develops, workers’ income should increase, which __in__ turn promotes economic development.

(2)We have reached an agreement that we will take turns __to do__(do) the dishes. Now it’s your turn __to do__(do) them.

9give birth to产生；分娩

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)It is said that James Watt’s observation of steam issuing from a kettle gave birth __to__ the idea of the steam engine.

(2)Generally speaking, the limit of a person’s intelligence is fixed __at__ birth, but whether he reaches the limit will depend on his environment.

10prevent…from阻止；制止

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)Without doubt, something must be done to prevent the river from __being polluted__(pollute) by the waste water piped from cities.

(2)We were prevented __from__going home by the heavy rain that day.

句型：

“make＋it＋n./adj.(＋for sb/sth)＋to do sth”结构

点拨：在“make＋it＋n./adj.(＋for sb/sth)＋to do sth”结构中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，而形容词(或名词)充当宾语补足语。另外，it作形式宾语，除了可指代不定式结构外，还可以指代that引导的宾语从句，即“make it＋adj./n.＋that从句”句型。

The different kinds of media make it possible that we obtain a large amount of valuable information in time.

各种各样的媒体使我们有可能及时地获得许多有价值的信息。

(1)make的复合结构：

make＋宾语＋宾语补足语(名词/形容词/不带to 的不定式/过去分词/介词短语)

(2)make oneself at home不拘束，像在家一样

[考点训练]——单句语法填空

(1)They made it __clear__(clearly) to the public that they did an important and necessary job.

(2)She let me realize that making others feel good made me __feel__(feel) good, too.

(3)When I first came to New York, I had a lot of trouble making myself __understood__(understand).

(4)“Make __yourself__(you) at home，” the hostess said to me as soon as I entered the house.

改错

1.I will, by my turn, clean the blackboard next week.

by 改成in

2.Unlikely traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people flexible options to exercise.

Unlikely 改为Unlike

3.The famous musician, as well as his students, were invited to perform at the party.

were 改为was

4.A major fire was broke out at Notre Dame Cathedral in central Pairs, of which the construction

dates back to 1163.

删去was

5.Weather permitted, we will go for a picnic.

permitted 改为permitting

完形答案语篇导读本文为记叙文。James想邀请同学来家里，然而他母亲却不同意，在James的劝说下，母亲终于答应了他的请求。

36．解析C根据语境并结合选项可知，此处指James想邀请同学来家里的原因是他们没有家庭作业(homework)，故选C项。

37．解析A根据本句中resting his head on his arms及倒数第二段中Dad opened his eyes可推知，父亲睡着(asleep)了，故选A项。

38．解析B根据语境可知，此处指母亲可以看出(see)James非常想让他的朋友过来，故选B项。

39．解析B根据上文母亲拒绝了他的请求和James所说的话可以判断，James很伤心，几乎要哭了，in tears流眼泪，故选B项。

40．解析D根据语境并结合选项可知，此处指从不让朋友到家里来对于James来说是很难的(hard)，故选D项。

41．解析A根据上文中的strange可知，此处指James认为他们一家人一点也不奇怪(strange)，故选A项。

42．解析A根据语境及选项可知，此处表示母亲的脖子一直非常疼痛以致使母亲的头疼得很厉害。a heavy headache严重的头痛，故选A项。

43．解析D根据下文中He really needs a rest可知，此处表示父亲也感觉不舒服。well 作形容词时，意为“健康的”，故选D项。

44．解析B根据语境可知，空后的句子I can…better表示条件，故选B项。

45．解析C根据语境并结合选项可知，此处指他冲到厨房的抽屉那里找到(find)了他想要的东西——两个扳手，故选C项。

46．解析C根据下文中的Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓) too much！可推知，此处表示James对母亲脖子上的螺栓进行了修理(repair)，故选C项。

47．解析B根据语境并结合选项可推知，他露出了满意(satisfaction)的笑容，故选B 项。

48．解析D根据上下文可推知，此处指James骄傲地(proudly)说：“那很容易。”，故选D项。

49．解析A根据Dad had tightened your neck bolts(螺栓) too much可推知，James只是稍微调整(adjust)了一下母亲脖子上的螺栓，故选A项。

50．解析C根据上下文可知，母亲现在感觉舒服多了，于是让James去帮(help)一下他父亲，故选C项。

51．解析A根据语境并结合选项可知，此处指James把父亲颈后的头发撩起来。lift up抬起；撩起，故选A项。

52．解析B根据上下文可知，此处指James插上了电源。turn on接通(电源)，故选B项。

53．解析D上文提到父亲在趴着睡觉，所以此处指父亲睁开眼睛坐起来了(sit up)，故选D项。

54．解析C根据上文James插上电源可推知，此处指父亲电池(battery)电量太低了，故选C项。

55．解析D根据语境并结合选项可知，此处是母亲说你的朋友将不得不接受(accept)我们是一个非常不同寻常的家庭，故选D项。

阅读答案：语篇导读本文为说明文。地球适合人类生存在于它有足够的氧气、适宜的温度和水。科学家发现火星也存在适合人类生存的条件。

1．What is it on the earth that makes life possible?

A．Temperature.B．Water.

C．Oxygen.D．Temperature, water and oxygen.

解析D细节理解题。根据第二段中The temperature…breathe可知，温度、水和氧气使地球上出现生命成为可能，故选D项。

2．What does the underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refer to?

A．The sun. B．The moon.

C．The earth. D．The Mars.

解析C细节理解题。根据常识及画线词所在句后一分句均可知，距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球，故选C项。

3．What should be the best title for the passage?

A．Living Things on Our Earth B．The Moon

C．Living Things on the Moon D．Mars is Most Like the Earth

解析D标题归纳题。本文先讲述的是地球适合人类生存的原因，后面对比火星和地球在环境方面的异同之处，从气温、水、空气等方面展开了具体说明，故选D项。

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