配套K122019版高三英语一轮复习 课时提能练20 Unit 2 The enviro

教育配套资料K12

Unit 2 The environment (B卷)

(对应学生用书第311页)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2017年甘肃省兰州市高考诊断考试)

We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively.We achieve it actively by direct experience，by testing and proving an idea，or by reasoning.

We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.Conditioned as we are to passive learning，it's not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.

Unfortunately，passive learning has a serious problem.It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(传闻)and rumor.

Did you ever play the game Rumor？It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn't show it to anyone.Then the person whispers it，word for word，to another person.That person，in turn，whispers it to still another，and so on，through all the people playing the game.The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it.Then the two written statements are compared.Typically，the original message has changed.

That's what happens in daily life.The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then，too，most people listen imperfectly.And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story，trying to improve on it，stamping it with their own personal style.Yet those who hear it think they know.

This process is also found among scholars and authors：A statement of opinions by one writer may be restated as the fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another；and this process may continue，unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.

【语篇解读】 本文主要讲述了被动学习所产生的负面作用，即引发谣言。 1．According to the passage，active learning may occur in ．

A．reading scientific journals B．listening to the teacher in class

教育配套资料K12

教育配套资料K12

C．doing a chemical experiment D．watching news programmes on TV

C [考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“We achieve it actively by direct experience，by testing and proving an idea，or by reasoning”并结合选项可推知，做化学实验属于主动学习，故选C。]

2．What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．classroom C．active learning

B．newspaper D．passive learning

D [考查代词指代。根据第二段的整体内容，尤其是关键词passively可推知，本段主要讲的是被动学习；再结合第二段最后一句可推知，it指的是本段的核心话题passive learning，故选D。]

3．The game Rumor is mentioned in Paragraph 4 in order to tell readers that ．

A．playing games can make people more active

B．people tend to like telling lies when playing games C．a message may be changed when being passed on D．people may have problems with their sense of hearing

C [考查推理判断。根据第五段第二句“The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story”可推知，第四段讲述谣言游戏是为了告诉人们信息在传递的过程中会发生改变，初始信息与最终信息甚至有时候会差异很大，于是谣言就产生了。]

[干扰项分析] A项错在玩游戏会让人们更积极，文章中并没有提到；B项错在人们在玩游戏时喜欢撒谎，第四段讲的不是撒谎，而是信息在传递中发生了改变；D项错在人们听觉有问题，人们在听的过程中有了自己的理解，并不是听力障碍，故排除。 4．What can be inferred from the text?

A．Scholars and authors can't be trusted. B．Passive learning may not be reliable. C．People like spreading rumor in daily life.

D．Active learning is more important than passive learning.

B [考查推理判断。根据第三段第二句“It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(传闻)and rumor”和最后几段的整体内容可推知，被动学习可能不是那么可靠，以至于有了传闻或谣言的产生，故选B。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五

教育配套资料K12

教育配套资料K12

(2017年豫南六校评估)You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers，or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. 1 However，it can also be a great part of your college experience.Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.

Be clear from the beginning.

Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning.Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. 2 It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.

3

This may seem simple，but it's probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts.Don't you think he'll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game？For all you know，you just stepped over the line.Don't borrow，use，or take anything without getting permission first.

Be open to change.

You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. 4 As the term progresses，realize things will change for both of you.Be comfortable settling things that unexpectedly come up，setting new rules，and being flexible to your changing environment.

Follow the golden rule.

5 No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year，you can take comfort in knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.

A．Respect your roommate's things.

B．Let your roommate know about your preferences. C．Treat your roommate like you'd like to be treated. D．Living with a roommate is really a wonderful thing. E．Having a roommate surely has its challenges. F．You should correct your bad habits first.

G．And the same should happen to your roommate，if all goes well. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了如何和大学室友保持良好的关系。

教育配套资料K12

教育配套资料K12

1．E [设空前提到这可能是你第一次和别人分享自己的生活空间，空后的However表示转折，提到这可能也是你大学经历中很棒的一部分，因此，E项(有一个室友一定会有挑战)符合语境。]

2．B [根据本段标题Be clear from the beginning.(从一开始就要说清楚)及设空后的communicating what you need is one of the best ways 可知，与室友交流你的需求是处理问题的最好方式，故B项(让室友了解你的偏好)符合语境。]

3．A [根据设空下的borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game 以及Don't borrow，use，or take anything without getting permission first.可判断出，使用室友的东西前要得到允许。故A项(尊重室友的东西)符合语境。]

4．G [根据此段的标题Be open to change.可知，要乐于接受改变；再根据设空后的things will change for both of you 可知，同样的情况也会发生在你室友身上。故G项符合语境。]

5．C [根据设空后的...you can take comfort in knowing...and treated your roommate with respect.可知，如果你能像一个成年人一样，尊重室友，你会感到欣慰。故C项(像你想被对待的那样去对待你的室友)符合语境。]

【导学号：31670220】

Ⅲ.语法填空

(2017年河北衡水中学大联考)How do native speakers truly feel when speaking with non-native English speakers？It seems that 1 (break)English annoys them.However，they keep being really nice when speaking with non-native speakers.I wonder how they really feel when doing so.

I think it would depend 2 the native English speakers.Some people are just 3 (easy)annoyed.

Personally，I study Spanish.When I hear someone 4 (attempt)English，I am patient with them because I know 5 difficult it is to talk in a non-native tongue.I also know English is very difficult 6 (learn)，and that increases my respect for their efforts.I'm a patient person by nature.

The situation matters too.If I were waiting 7 (table)on a super crowded day and really 8 (need)to do about a dozen different things，I might become upset at having to wait for someone to struggle while ordering his meal.

There also exists the 9 (possible)that what is considered as annoyance is not true annoyance.I might frown(皱眉)while listening to a non-native speaker， 10

教育配套资料K12

教育配套资料K12

that would be because I am concentrating and listening hard to understand him.It wouldn't mean I'm at all annoyed.

【语篇解读】 当一个母语是英语的人听到一个人说着蹩脚的英语时是什么感受？厌烦还是耐心倾听？本文就此问题进行了讨论。

1．broken [考查词性转换。句意：似乎蹩脚的英语让他们感到厌烦。修饰名词用形容词，故填动词break的形容词形式broken，意为“蹩脚的；不流利的”。]

2．on/upon [考查介词。句意：我认为这要取决于英语为母语的人。depend on/upon是固定搭配，意为“依赖；取决于”。故填on/upon。]

3．easily [考查词性转换。句意：有些人就是容易生气。设空处修饰动词，要用副词，故填easily。]

4．attempting [考查非谓语动词。句意：当我听到有人努力说英语时，我很耐心是因为我知道用非母语交流是多么不容易。此处为“hear＋宾语＋宾补”结构，attempt与宾语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且此处指听到有人正在努力说英语，故用现在分词作宾补。故填attempting。]

5．how [考查宾语从句。句意见上一题解析。此处为感叹句用作宾语从句，用于加强语气。设空处修饰形容词difficult，故填how。]

6．to learn [考查非谓语动词。句意：我也知道英语很难学，那增加了我对他们的努力的尊重。在“it is＋adj.＋to do...”句型中，it是形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语，故填to learn。]

7．tables [考查名词单复数。句意：如果我正在人超级多的一天招待顾客，且真的需要做很多件不同的事情，我可能会因不得不等待在点餐时纠结不已的人而感到心烦意乱。wait tables是固定短语，意为“招待顾客”。故填tables。]

8．needed [考查动词的时态。句意见上一题解析。根据并列连词and可知，前后时态应该一致，故填过去式needed。]

9．possibility [考查词性转换。句意：也存在这样的可能性，有些烦恼不是真的烦恼。定冠词the后接名词形式，且根据谓语动词exists可知，应填形容词possible的名词形式possibility。]

10．but/yet [考查连词。句意：听非母语的讲话者说话时，我可能紧皱着眉头，但那是因为我在聚精会神地努力去听懂他。根据句意可知，前后文是转折关系。故填but/yet。]

【导学号：31670221】

Ⅳ.短文改错

(2017年湖南长郡中学模拟)Last summer，I got a part-time job as a waiter.I worked

教育配套资料K12

教育配套资料K12

hard and very helpful.Everyone in a restaurant including some regular customer liked me.One day，a foreign couple in their fifties entered into the restaurant.I was happy to have a chance to practice their spoken English.I went up to greet them warm.After I took their order，I told them their food will be served quickly because we Chinese respect the elderly.After heard my words，a look of displeasure appeared on the wife's face.Seeing my confusing look，her husband explained to me the Westerners disliked the description “old”．I apologized to them but realized the importance of knowing cultural differences. 【答案】

∧

Last summer，I got a part-time job as a waiter.I worked hard and was very acustomer

helpful.Everyone in restaurant including some regular liked me.One

thecustomersday，a foreign couple in their fifties entered into the restaurant.I was happy to ﹨have a chance to practice

theirwarm

spoken English.I went up to greet them .After mywarmly

will

I took their order，I told them their food be served quickly because we Chinese

wouldrespect the elderly.After

heard

my words，a look of displeasure appeared on the

hearing

confusing

wife's face.Seeing my look，her husband explained to me the Westerners

confusedbut

disliked the description “old”．I apologized to them realized the importance

andof knowing cultural differences.

第一处：在very前加was 考查系动词。helpful意为“乐于助人的”，and 连接两个并

列的谓语，根据and 前的worked可知，应在very 前加was。

第二处：a→the 考查冠词。前面提到自己做服务员，所以restaurant特指自己工作的那

家餐馆，其前应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。

第三处：customer→customers 考查名词。customer意为“顾客”，为可数名词，其前有

some修饰，因此应用复数形式。故将customer改为customers。

第四处：删除into 考查介词。enter意为“进入”，根据语境可知此处不与into连用。

故将into删除。

第五处：their→my 考查代词。主语是I，此处指“我很高兴有机会练习一下我的英语口

教育配套资料K12

教育配套资料K12

语”。故将their改为my。

第六处：warm→warmly 考查副词。修饰动词greet应用副词。故将warm改为warmly。 第七处：will→would 考查时态。根据主句谓语动词told可知，从句应用一般过去时。故

将will改为would。

第八处：heard→hearing 考查非谓语动词。after为介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词作

宾语。故将heard改为hearing。

第九处：confusing→confused 考查形容词。作者看到那位妻子的脸上显露出不高兴的表

情感到困惑不解，此处形容作者，应用confused，意为“感到困惑的”。故将confusing改为confused。

第十处：but→and 考查连词。句意为：我向他们道歉并且意识到了了解文化差异的重要性。

realized 和前面的apologized 是并列谓语，应用连词and 连接。故将but 改为and 。

教育配套资料K12

本文来源：https://www.bwwdw.com/article/bc68.html