国际贸易与外汇术语中英对照

国际贸易与外汇术语中英文对照

外引内联 act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing domestic connections

积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验 actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside

东盟自由贸易区 AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Area) 一切险 All Risks

允许外商独资经营 allow full foreign equity operation 行情看涨/跌 anticipate lower market price/rising price 合作方式 approaches to cooperation 招商 attract investment 拍卖 auction

闭关自守 autarchy

配套工程 auxiliary project

国际收支 balance of payments 投标 bid for a project 开标 bid opening

评标 bid proposal evaluation 投标报价书 bid proposals 标书 bidding document

招标承包制 bidding invitation contract system 招标出售技术 bids for technology 保税区 bonded area; free trade area 瓶颈 bottleneck

保持发展后劲 bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development

实现持续、稳定、协调的发展 bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development

财政赤字(盈馀 ) budget deficit(surplus) 生意兴隆/冷淡 Business is booming/sluggish 买入汇率 buying rate

成本加运费价 C&F (cost and freight) 公开招标 call for bid; tenders 生产资料 capital goods

资本主义经济 capitalist economy 卡特尔 cartel

三角债 chain debts

到岸价 CIF (cost, insurance and freight) 集体经济 collective economy 佣金 commission

竟标 competitive bidding

集中 concentration

优惠条件 confessional terms; favorable terms 合营期限 contract term of a joint venture

外商直接投资协议金额 contracted foreign direct investment 管制经济 controlled economy 配套改革 coordinated reforms

门类齐全 covering extensive fields

货币贸易理事会 CTG (Council for Trade in Goods) 现行价格 / 时价 current price 关税 customs duty

海关估价 customs valuation

下放审批权 delegate the authority to examine and approve to lower levels 折旧费 depreciation cost 法定贬值 devaluation 发展中的 developing

直接标价 direct quotation 折扣 discount / allowance 国内配套资金 domestic funds

高附加值的深加工 down-stream processing with high added-value 经济平衡 economic balance 经济渠道 economic channels 经济衰退 economic depression 经济波动 economic fluctuation 经济指标 economic indicators 经济杠杆 economic levers 经济政策 economic policy 经济复原 economic recovery 经济形势 economic situation 经济稳定 economic stability 经济趋势 economic trend 经济学家 economist

欧洲自由贸易联盟 EFTA (European Free Trade Association) 提高经济效益 enhance economic performance/returns 统而不死，活而不乱 ensure a flexible control 平等竞争 equal competition

平等互利，互通有无 equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods

外向型经济 export-oriented economy

粗放/集约经营 extensive/intensive operation 平安险 F.P.A. (Free from Particular Average) 淡水雨淋险 F.W.R.D. (Fresh Water Rain Damage) 行情看好 Favorable price/market can be expected. 可行性研究 feasibility study 固定汇率 fixed rate

浮动汇率 floating rate

随行就市 fluctuate in line with market conditions 离岸价 FOB (free on board)

同国际惯例接轨 follow the international codes of practice; bring ? in line with the international usage 外币 foreign currency

对外经济贸易 Foreign economic relations and trade 外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves 外汇 foreign exchange

创汇型企业 foreign exchange-earning enterprise 实际利用外资 foreign investment in actual use 运费 freight

关贸总协定 GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 国内生产总值 GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita

社会零售物价总指数 general retail price index 国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)

黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve 黄金输送点 gold points 金平价 gold standard 金本位制度 gold standard

外贸出口总额 gross foreign export value

工农业总产值 gross output value of industry and agriculture 指导性计划 guidance plan 硬通货 hard currency 控股公司 holding company

国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund) 进口附加税 import surcharge

进口差价税 import variable duties 在过渡时期 in a period of transition 参考价格 indicative price

间接标价 indirect quotation 产业政策 industrial policy

科研成果产业化 industrialization of research findings 通货膨胀 inflation 基础设施 infrastructure 基本建设 infrastructure

内联企业 inland associated enterprises 知识产权 intellectual property rights 加大改革力度 intensify reforms

国际货币基金 international monetary fund 投资环境 investment environment

固定资产投资 investment in fixed assets 招标单 invitation for bid (IFB)

中美商贸联委会 JCCT (China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade) 劳动密集型 labor intensive 卸货费 landing charges 基础地位 leading position 租赁 leasing

意向书 letter of intent 自由经济 liberal economy

放开经营 liberalized operation

以销定产 limit production to market ability 企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise 宏观调控 macro-economic control

国民经济的支柱 mainstay of the national economy 指令性计划 mandatory plan 市场经济 market economy 市场调节 market regulation 批量生产 mass production

出资方式 means of contributing investment 铸币平价 mint par 混合经济 mixed economy

北美自由贸易区 NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area) 国民经济 National economy 国民收入 national income 净价 net price

汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation 一条龙服务 one package service 一支笔审批 one-chop approval

优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources 经济过热 overheated economy 供大于求 oversupply

纸币制度 paper money system

格局初步形成 Pattern has taken initial shape. 国产化 percentage of home-made parts 百分点 percentage points 计划经济 planned economy 计划经济 planned economy

向基础工业倾斜的政策 policy in favor of basic industry 政策性亏损 policy-related loss 政治经济学 political economy 港口税 port dues

良性循环 positive cycle

实行全方位开放 practice multi-directional opening 含佣价 price including commission 价目表 price list

初级成分 primary sector

私营成分,私营部门 private sector

三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation

trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)

生产力 productive forces

关系民生的产品 products vital to the people’s livelihood 招商项目 project proposals for investment 保护主义 protectionism

财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率 public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate 公共部门,公共成分 public sector

购买力平价法 purchasing power parity 购买力 purchasing power, buying power

质量信得过单位 quality trustworthy organization 汇率 rate of exchange 增长 rate of growth

理顺企业的产权关系 rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises

自负盈亏 responsibility for one’s own profits and losses 零售价 retail price

回佣，回扣 return commission 法定升值 revaluation

混杂、玷污险 Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 渗漏险 Risk of Leakage 串味险 Risk of Odor 锈蚀险 Risk of Rust

农村经济 rural economics 短缺 scarcity

片面追求发展速度 seek an unduly high growth rate 卖出汇率 selling rate

发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用 serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.

上不封顶，下不保底 set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee 菜篮子工程 shipping basket project 供不应求 short supply 短缺险 Shortage Risk

社会效益 social effect/returns 社会主义经济 socialist economy 软通货 soft currency 现货价格 spot price

停滞,萧条,不景气 stagnation

生活标准,生活水平 standard of living

统购统销 state monopoly over purchase and marketing

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