unit 3-大学英语综合教程答案

BOOK 1 - Unit 3 - Language Focus - Vocabulary

1. Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary. 1) It'll only be a [brief] visit because we recently haven't much time.

2) The job is great [in terms of] advancement but the starting salary is rather low. 3) We'd better pay that electricity bill before they [cut] us [off].

4) As pace of life (生活节奏) quickens things [tend] to change fast in the city. 5) Why don't we get rid of these old chairs, since we don't use them [anyway]? 6) The earth's atmosphere makes [precise] observation of distant stars difficult. 7) The lawn was laid out [in the form of] the figure 8.

8) I shouldn't always have to tell you what to do, use your own [initiative]. 9) Words cannot [convey] how grateful we are for his timely help.

10) It seems to me that the board of directors is [in two minds] over the opening of a branch office in South Africa.

11) I find it difficult to grasp the [concept] of infinite space.

12) Philip presented a complex argument that was completely beyond my [grasp].

2. Rewrite each sentence with the word or phrase in brackets, keeping the same meaning. The first part has been written for you.

1) Since their team has won the match today, it will certainly have a place in the Cup Final. (ensure)

Winning the match today [has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final].

2) Medical workers have a duty to heal the wounded and rescue the dying. (responsibility) It is [medical workers' responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying].

3) The learner gets amusement as well as knowledge from these computer games. (entertain, educate)

These computer games [entertain as well as educate the learner]. 4) Air and water are vital to all living things. (do without) No living thing [can do without air and water].

5) There is a strong possibility that the election will be held in June. (likely) The election [is likely to be held in June].

3. Complete the following, using the words or phrases in brackets. Make additions or changes where necessary.

1) The film's appeal [lies in] not only the entertainment it provides to the audience but also the questions it raises about the possible [contact between] human beings and alien civilizations. (contact, lie in)

2) The decision on the new project is made on the [basis of] scientific study. The project [is likely] to succeed despite the fact that we do not have [sufficient] funds [at the moment]. (at the moment, basis, sufficient, likely)

3) True it is hard to make accurate predictions (预言), but [the steady] growth of the information industry [ensures] that this line of products [will be highly] profitable. (highly, steady, ensure)

II. Word Formation

Study the formation of the following words in the box and make a guess at their meaning. Then choose a suitable word to complete the sentences, changing the form where necessary. 1. Grandma [regained] her health after spending a month in the countryside.

2. Mary is [undecided] about whether to stay on in her present post or to find a new job. 3. This mountainous region is [undersupplied] with trained doctors and nurses. 4. Henry got injured in the car accident and was [disabled] for the rest of his life.

5. They have been demanding the release of three of their colleagues from prison as a [precondition] for further negotiation.

6. We have succeeded because we had the [foresight] to invest in new technology. 7. I had difficulty understanding him because he [mispronounced] a lot of words. 8. The development of the oil industry will [enrich] the nation. III. Antonyms good rich dry agree attack colored long early bad poor wet differ defend colorless short late modern forget go young simple like v.,n. likely trust ancient remember come old difficult dislike unlikely distrust 2.

1) majority 2) accepted 3)increased 4) weaknesses 5) local 6) late 7) wrong 8) false

Cloze

1. Complete the passage with words chosen from the Words and Phrases to Drill box. Change the form where necessary.

Do we have the right attitude towards science? Hawking suggests that many people are [highly] (1) distrustful of it. This might change if the public were better informed. But how can we [bring] (2) this [about] (3)? It is [evident] (4) that schools are important, especially if science is taught in an interesting manner. But science is changing at such a fast [rate] (5) that what we learn in school is no longer [sufficient] (6) to last a lifetime. What can we use to [put across](7) news of the latest ideas and developments? Popular science books can help, but the [proportion] (8) of the population that read them is not very large. [Hence] (9) we need to rely on television, for only television can [ensure] (10) the message reaches a sufficiently large audience.

2. Read the passage carefully until you have got its main idea, and then select one appropriate word for each gap from the box.

Science is interesting and exciting. Why? Science helps you [understand] (1) the world in which you live. For example, science explains how airplanes fly and how birds find their way when they [travel] (2) long distances. Besides, people use science to make discoveries that have

[practical] (3) value. One of these discoveries is the [use] (4) of light to carry telephone messages through a glass wire. [Another] (5) is the lengthening of human life through the use of heart pacemakers (心脏起搏器) and other mechanical devices (器械).

In the future, there will [likely] (6) be an endless number of new discoveries. These discoveries will [affect] (7) your career and your daily life. Television, computers, and space shuttles (航天飞机) are part of today's world. Who can imagine what new, yet-to-be-discovered -[developments] (8) lie ahead? In the future, scientists may discover how to predict earthquakes and how to produce an endless [supply] (9) of energy. [Someday] (10) you may live and work in a space station in orbit around the earth. Scientists will continue to make discoveries that will change the world in which you live.

Translation：

1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in brackets. 1) 正如科学家所预言的那样，全球污染成了人类面临的最严重的问题之一。(global)

[As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.]

2) 谋求这些职位的竞争很激烈——今年的求职者（applicant）是去年的五倍。(competition) [Competition for these jobs is very tough ─ we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year / there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.] 3) 正如事实表明的那样，教育大纲应当符合国家的经济发展计划。(fit into)

[As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development.]

4) 这辆汽车太费油（burn too much gas），而且价钱几乎是我想付的两倍。(moreover)

[The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.]

5) 要了解一起重大的国际事件，我们首先需要考虑其历史与政治背景。(background)

[To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.]

2. Translate the following passage into English, using the words and phrases given below. 很难想象我们的先辈们（forefathers）没有现代技术带来的这么多方便（conveniences），那日子是怎么过的。那个时候只有一小部分人享受一些舒适条件（comforts）。大部分人连饭都吃不饱，更不要说（not to speak of）接受教育的特权了。然而，许多人责怪现代技术，说它带来了很多问题。他们想减慢进步的速度。但是谁也不能阻止时代的前进。

It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life. The majority didn't even have sufficient food, not to speak of / let alone the privilege of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back.

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