必修五语法部分

必修五Module 1 语法部分 一、一般现在时

1.表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。常和often,always,usually,sometimes,every day, once a week等连用。如You has to practice English every day. 2.表示主语目前的特征、性格、能力等。如You are outgoing.

3.表示客观真理、科学事实以及谚语等。如An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 4.表示按照时间表将要发生的动作。如The plain takes off at 10 a.m.

5.在时间、条件或让步状语从句中用一般现在时表将来。如If he comes, I will call you.

二、现在进行时

1.表示说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。如The students are doing homework.

2.现在进行时与always, constantly,all the timed等连用时表示“赞扬，惊奇，讨厌”等感情色彩。如Why are you always being late?

3.有些动词（go, come,die, leave, start等）的现在进行时，也可以表示即将发生的动作。如He is dying.

三、一般将来时

1. 一般将来时“will+动词原形”主要用于表示将来的动作或状态。will 用于各种人称，shall用于第一人称。

2. be going to +动词原形

?用来表示最近打算做的事情或可能要发生的事情。如I am going to BJ tomorrow. ?种种迹象表明要发生的事情。如Look at the dark clouds;I guess it is going to rain. 3. be about to+动词原形

用来表示即将发生的动作，不与具体的时间状语连用。如 The competition is about to start. 4. Be to +动词原形

用来表示按计划或安排要进行的动作。如 She is to get married next month.

四、现在完成时

现在完成时的构成：have/has+动词的过去分词。用法如下：

1. 表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，常与already,yet,ever,recently,lately等词连用。如Leaves have already started to change color.

2. 现在完成时表示从过去开始开始持续到现在的动作或状态，这是往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如for+一段时间,so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past/last few years等。 如 Their friendship has lasted for three years. 3. 在时间、条件或让步状语从句中表示将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。强调从句的动作发生在主句之前。如I will go out with you as soon as I have finished my work. 4. since+时间点；since+句子 如Things have changed since I was a child. 5. 非延续性动词也可以用于现在完成时，只不过，非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，否则需要把非延续性动词转化成延续性动词。

leave →be away ; die→ be dead ; join →be in/be a member of; fall ill →be ill; finish →be over ; make friends →be friends; become→ be; borrow→ keep; buy →have; get married →be married 如They have been married for 5 years.

必修五Module 1 语法部分 练习：

1. －Hi，let’s go shopping.

－Sorry,I’m busy now. I (fill)in an application form for a new job. 2. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody (see) them since. 3. Whenever you (buy) a present, you should think over. 4. －I didn’t expect that John would be absent from my last Sunday’s birthday party. －As far as I know ,he (go) to see his parents in the countryside on Sundays. 5. It (rain) every day so far this month. I can’t tell you if it (rain) tomorrow.

6. Please give Tom this book when he (come) back. 句型转化

1. Tom has been a doctor for 5 years.（对划线部分提问） has Tom been a doctor？

2. He will come back in two days. (对划线部分提问） will he come back?

3. He has been in the army for 15 years.(同义句) It been 15 years he joined the army. 4. He has borrowed the book for three days.(改错） .

5. He often does his homework before school.(变为一般疑问句） He often his homework before school?

必修五Module 2 语法部分 练习：

1. He (study) in Shanghai University for four years before he (go）to Beijing. 2. The students (write)when Miss Liu went to get a book she (leave) in the office. 3. Tom was surprised that most of the guests (leave) when he (arrive) at the party. 4. He (break) a glass while he (clean) up the table yesterday.

5. There was a knock at the door. It was the third time someone (interrupt) Mr. Liu that evening.

6. Only an hour ago the teacher (find) out why he was absent. 7. He (work) in the factory for three years before he joined the army. 8. It was two years since I （swim) in this river.

必修五Module 2 语法部分 一、 一般过去时

1. 一般过去时表示过去某一个时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,last week, in 1970, a few days ago等表示过去时间的时间状语连用。

2. 表示过去的习惯动作，常与often,usually等频度副词连用；used to do 和would do 也可以表示过去常常。

3.在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 如We would not leave until the teacher came back. 4. Since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。 5. 虚拟语气。如If I were you, I would study hard.

二、 过去进行时

1. 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或持续进行的动作。 2. 与always, constantly等连用，具有浓厚的褒贬色彩。如He was always speaking ill of others. 3. go, come, start, stay, leave 等动词的过去进行时可以表示过去将要发生的动作。如She asked me if I was starting the next day.

4. Was/were doing ....when...表示一个动作延续时，另一个短暂动作同时发生。 如I was doing my homework when the bell rang.

5. was/were doing.....while ...was/were doing.......表示两个延续性动作同时发生 如I was watching TV while my mother was cooking.

三、过去完成时

1. 发生在“过去的过去”

2. 主语+过去完成时+by+过去时间。如I had learned 5,000 words by 2000.

3. 主语+过去完成时+when从句（从句用一般过去时）如I had studied for two hours when he came back.

4. 过去完成时用在“no sooner ...than”“hardly ...when”等句型的主句中；而从句用一般过去时。注：no sooner,hardly 放在句首时，句子要用半倒装。 如No sooner had the telephone rung than he came into the house.

5. 有些表示意图的动词，如plan,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时，表示打算做而未做的事。 如 I had planed to make a trip to Europe.

6. It was the first(second..)time that +主语+过去完成时。 如It was the first time that I had heard her sing. 7.It was+一段时间+since+主语+过去完成时。如It was five years since his father had been dead.

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