语法难点大全 初中英语语法复习

江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习 语法难点大全

(1) 和动词的搭配，如agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about等。

(2) 和形容词的搭配，如afraid of, angry with, different from, good at

(3) 和名词的搭配，如answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.

3、介词短语可以有自己的修饰语，这种修饰语通常有right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely等少数几个副词。如：

He came right after dinner.

He lives directly opposite the school.

4、 某些介词的意义与用法举例

(1) at, on, in(表时间)

表示时间点用at,如at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不确定的时间或短期假日也用at,如at that time, at Christmas等。

指某天用on, 如on Monday, on the end of November, 指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。

指长于或短于一天的时段用in,如in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999等。

(2) between, among(表位置)

between仅用于二者之间，但说三者或三者以上中的每两个之间的相互关系时，也用between, 如

I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.

The village lies between three hills.

among用于三者或三者以上之间。如：

He is the best among the students.

(3) beside, besides

beside意为\在…旁边\，而besides意为\除…之外\。如：

He sat beside me.

What do you want besides this?

(4)in the tree, on the tree

in the tree 指动物或人在树上，而on the tree 指果实、树叶长在树上

(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way

on the way 指在路上 in the way 指挡道

by the way 指顺便问一句 in this way 用这样的方法

(6)in the corner, at the corner

in the corner 指在拐角内 at the corner 指在拐角外

(7)in the morning, on the morning

in the morning 是一般说法 on the morning 特指某一天的早晨

(8)by bus, on the bus

by bus 是一般说法 on the bus 特指乘某一辆车

II. 例题

例1 Do you know any other foreign language____ English?

A except B but C beside D besides

解析：A、B两项except等于but，意为\除了…\C-beside意为\在…旁边\，不符合题意。而D-besides, 意为\除了…之外，还有\。所以该题正确答案为D。该题意为：除了英语外，你还知道别的语言吗？

例2 He suddenly returned ____ a rainy night.

A on B at C in D during

解析：我们均知道，at night这一短语，但如果night前有修饰词，表具体的夜晚，则要用介词on来修饰，故该题正确答案为A。

例3 I'm looking forward ____your letter.

A to B in C at D on

解析：该题正确答案为A。look forward to 为固定搭配，意为\期望、盼望\。 连词

I. 要点

1、 连词的种类

(1) 并列连词用来连接并列关系的词、短语或分句，如and, for, or, both…and, either…or, neither…nor等。

(2) 从属连词用来引导从句，如that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as等。

除了从属连词(引导状语从句)外，还有其它可以用来引导从句的词类。它们是连接代词和连接副词(引导名词性从句)，关系代词和关系副词(引导定语从句)。

2、 常用连词举例

(1)and 和，并且

They drank and sang all night.

(2) both…and 和， 既…也…

Both my parents and I went there.

(3) but 但是，而

I'm sad, but he is happy.

(4) either…or 或…或…， 要么…要么… Either you're wrong, or I am. (5) for因为

I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him. (6) however 然而，可是

Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go. (7) neither…nor 既不…也不

Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you. (8) not only…but(also) 不但…而且…

He not only sings well, but also dances well. (9) or 或者，否则

Hurry up, or you'll be late. Are you a worker or a doctor? (10) so 因此，所以

It's getting late, so I must go. (11) although 虽然

Although it was late, they went on working. (12) as soon as 一 …就

I'll tell him as soon as I see him. (13) because 因为

He didn't go to school, because he was ill.

(14)unless 除非，如果不

I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.

(15)until 直到…

He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬间动词用于not… until 结构)

He stayed there until eleven.

(16)while 当…时候，而 (表示对比)

While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬间动词)

My pen is red while his is blue.

(17)for 因为

He was ill, for he didn't come. (结论是推断出来的)

(18)since自从…

I have lived here since my uncle left.

(19)hardly… when 一… 就

I had hardly got to the station when the train left.

(20)as far as 就… 来说

As far as I know, that country is very small.

You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里)

II. 例题

例1 John plays football ____, if not better than, David.

A as well B as well as C so well D so well as

解析：该题意为：John踢足球如果不比David好的话，那也踢得和David一样好。 和…一样好为as well as. 故该题正确答案为B。

(2) 作宾语

通常用于want, hope, wish, like, need, hate, begin, start, remember, agree, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help等词后。如：I forgot to lock the door.

Please remember to write to me.

(3) 作表语

My job is to pick up letters.

He seemed to have heard nothing.

(4) 作定语

不定式作定语时，须放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。如：

I have two letters to write.

I have a lot of work to do.

(5) 作宾补

通常用于want, wish, ask, order, tell, know, help, advise, allow, cause, force等词后。如：

He ordered her to leave at once.

He was forced to obey his order.

(6) 作状语

He got up early to catch the first bus.

He worked hard to catch up with the other students.

(7) 作独立成分

To tell you the truth, I told a lie.

(8) \疑问词＋不定式\结构。 如：

I don't know how to choose them.

I cannot decide where to go.

(9)不定式的否定式。如：

I decided not to go.

(10)不定式的完成式。如：

He seemed to have cleaned the room before I came in.

The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital last week.

(11)too…to 结构。如：

He was too excited to go to sleep.

He was only too glad to go. (他太高兴了，乐意去)

(12)主动表被动。如：

The book is easy to read.

I have a book to read.

II.例题

例1 I haven't got a chair ____.

A to sit B for to sit on C to sit on D for sitting

解析：该题选C。不定式to sit on在句中作定语，修饰名词chair. 因为不定式和它所修饰的名词间是\动宾关系\，所以不定式必须是及物动词，故此处on不能省略。

例2 He was made ____. A go B gone C going D to go

解析：该题选D。make sb. do sth. 如果是被动形式，不定式do前的to不能省略。

例3 A new factory is ____ very soon.

A to be built B built

C to build D to building

解析：该题选A。is to be built意为\将要被建\。

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