2019届高考英语二轮复习语法专题 冠词考点学案(9页,word版)

2019届高考英语二轮复习语法专题学案

2019届二轮复习语法专题冠词考点学案

——典题尝试(单句语法填空)

1．(2018·江西九江十校联考) In 1990, over 100 countries signed an international agreement to make it illegal to buy or sell ivory.

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as a model in New York.

——规则点拨

不定冠词用来表示one, the same, a certain或every的意思。

In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.

为了找到一份更好的工作，他决定学习另一门外语。

[注意事项]

1．表示“每……”或数量上的“一(个)……时”，a/an和one可以互换。

2．表示种类时，a/an和one不能互换。不定冠词“a/an＋单数可数名词”可表示种类；而one只能表示数量。

3．牢记高考中常见的纯不可数名词。它们是information, fun, weather, progress, advice, news, space, word (＝news), furniture, equipment等，均不可与不定冠词连用。

——对点演练(单句语法填空)

1．(2018·山西省适应性考试)All too soon it was time to leave.I really enjoyed my stay in Xi'an. It is indeed worth a second visit.

2．(2018·河北石家庄二中一模)As an outgoing girl, it is my strength to get along well with my classmates.

3．(2018·河南豫南九校质量考评)The blog serves as an open platform where you can do lots of things.

4．(2018·郑州高三模拟)It's a pleasure for me to be here to speak to such a distinguished group from all over the world.

5．(2018·石家庄模拟)Our destination was Orewa, a seaside town.

——典题尝试(单句语法填空)

1．(2018·江西五校一模)The World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world's most popular matchmaker.

2．(2018·江西省高三第二次联考) I had just purchased a new backpack. I filled the backpack with snacks, drinks, a new pair of trousers and some new socks.

3．(2018·河南八市重点高中质检)Now we know that they have the same features that can

2019届高考英语二轮复习语法专题学案

also be found in sharks around Australia and the South Sea.

4．Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.

——规则点拨

1．用在序数词和形容词最高级前。

Yang Liwei is the first man who has been sent into space in China.

在中国，杨利伟是第一个登上太空的人。

2．用在江河、湖泊、海洋、山脉和群岛的名称前。

the Yellow River黄河the Pacific Ocean太平洋

3．用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前。

the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国

the United States美国

4．用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。

the Greens格林一家the Smiths史密斯一家

5．表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。

She caught me by the arm.

她抓住了我的手臂。

6．用在某些形容词或分词前，表示一类人或事。

the poor/rich/dead/living/wounded穷人/富人/死人/活着的人/受伤的人

7．表示朝代和年代的词前。

the Ming Dynasty明朝

in the 1980's 在20世纪80年代

8．用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour，by the day，by the dozen，by the yard等，但是如果表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。

I got paid by the hour.

我按小时得到报酬。

[注意事项]

1．表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前一般加定冠词the；但如果名词前有修饰语来表示“什么样的”时也可用不定冠词。

the world世界 a peaceful world一个和平的世界

2．表示乐器的名词前一般用定冠词，但如果该名词作为普通名词，也可用不定冠词。

There is a piano in his study.

在他的书房里有一架钢琴。

2019届高考英语二轮复习语法专题学案

——对点演练(单句语法填空)

1．(2018·贵州遵义高三模拟)This is the book I borrowed yesterday. Isn't it an interesting one?

2．(2018·福建泉州调研) I walked to the window，looked through it and to my surprise, found two strangers trying to open a case.

3．(2018·江西八校一模)He tapped her on the shoulder, “Hi! I have been looking for you for such a long time！”

4．(2018·济南模拟)When he became a doctor, he tapped people's chests to see how much liquid was in their lungs. Laennec did the same and learned to tell by tapping carefully on a chest whether it was diseased or not.

5．(2018·大庆市二轮复习检测)I should be very interested to meet the man who threw the stone you mentioned in the newspaper.

——规则点拨

1．表示一类人或事物的复数名词、物质名词和抽象名词表示泛指，一般不用冠词。

Glass can be made into bottles.

玻璃可以制成瓶子。

2．学科，国名、洲名，三餐，球类、棋类、游戏名称，节日、星期、月份、季节，头衔、职务等名词前一般不用冠词，但是在中国的传统节日前要用冠词。

Chinese汉语National Day国庆节

Sunday星期天spring春天

June六月play chess下棋

the Spring Festival春节

He is chairman of the meeting.

他是会议主席。

[注意事项]

1．school, college, prison, hospital, bed, class, church等词表示动词含义时，前边不加冠词，表示其他含义时，按照具体情况，加不定冠词或定冠词。

at school在校学习in hospital住院in bed卧床

at church在教堂做礼拜

2．表示语言的名词前面一般不用冠词，但后面如果出现language一词，前面需加定冠词the。

English＝the English language英语

——对点演练(单句改错)

2019届高考英语二轮复习语法专题学案

1．(2018·河北邯郸高三联考)At first, I decided to eat less in order to lose the weight._去掉the

2．(2018·山西四校高三联考)One of our teachers was in the charge of this activity and he divided us into four groups.去掉the

3．It is a great pleasure for me to give a speech on the nature of human beings in front of the classroom._in_后加the_

4．(2018·成都外国语学校高三一诊)I told him I could not go to the college because I did not want to study anymore.去掉the

——典题尝试(单句语法填空)

1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, _the_ other is with mum — she never suspects.

2．(2015·浙江高考改编)Jane's grandmother had wanted to write a children's book for many years, but one thing or another always got in the way.

3．(2018·河北名校联盟质检)We slept in a tent and took a long walk every day.

——规则点拨

1．用不定冠词的短语

all of a sudden＝suddenly突然

as a matter of fact＝in fact 事实上

in a hurry 匆忙

at a time 一次

pay a visit to 参观

have a try 尝试

take a look 看一看

have a rest 休息

play a joke on 取笑某人；开某人玩笑

a kind of 一种

a large quantity of＝large quantities of许多

a great deal of 许多

2．用定冠词的短语

in the morning/afternoon/evening在早晨/下午/晚上

in the end 最后

at the beginning of 在……开始时

in the middle of 在……中间

2019届高考英语二轮复习语法专题学案

on the contrary 相反

on the other hand 另一方面

in the hope of 希望

to tell the truth 说实话

3．不用冠词的短语

at noon (night, dawn, midnight)在正午(晚上，黄昏，午夜)

leave school 毕业

catch fire 着火

lose heart 失去信心

take place 发生

by chance 偶然；巧合

for example 例如

in trouble 在困境中

[注意事项]

1．固定短语的构成是不可随意改变的，包括其中的冠词。

2．固定短语的意思要牢记。要用于合适的语境中。

——对点演练(单句语法填空)

1．If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be a must for you to make the most of your time.

2．The cake you bought in that cake shop last week tastes strange, and I don't want to bite it for the time being.

3．As time passes, the power of newspapers seems to be on the_decrease.

4．With the development of society, our country is badly in need of those with a better command of computer skills.

一、冠词在语法填空中的命题点

冠词在语法填空题中通常以无提示词的形式进行考查，通常考查以下用法：

1．不定冠词的基本用法

①(2017·6月浙江高考) For Pahlsson, its return was ________ wonder.

解析：a此处表示“一个奇迹”，所以需要用不定冠词a表泛指。

②(2015·四川高考改编)Brian is gifted in writing music; he is very likely to be ________ Beethoven.

解析：a空格处用不定冠词表示一类人。

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