情态动词讲解教案

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高中英语综合演练

【热身阅读】

We have only one earth

Dear human being，

Have you ever seen such a notice “A black smelly earth with lots of dirty things on it is crying and struggling.”？ 1.多糟糕啊！ Long，long ago，the earth was healthy and beautiful，and 2.它被茂密的森林和各种各样的植物覆盖。 The water in the rivers and lakes and seas was clean and harmless. There were not so many 3.灾害of nature. 4.人与大自然和谐相处,Why has everything changed？ Because we human being do a lot of bad things to her. First， We cut down the forests， destroy the grasses，and the water 5.冲走 a lot of soil down the rivers into the lakes and seas， making a lot of places 6.洪水泛滥 and many people 7.“被”死亡 and making her surface ugly. Secondly，we use lots of chemical powder in the wars. we burn plenty of coals，gas in the factories and cars，making much SO2 and CO2 with the heavy smoke 8.在空气中肆虐（传播），so a lot of people suffer from this terrible air pollution， especially in winter. As a result of this，the temperature of the earth is getting higher and higher. It is dangerous for human being，animals and plants to exist. Thirdly，we pour a lot of waste and 9.有毒的 water into the rivers，lakes and seas,making all kinds of fishes，plants and birds die. Now， if we go on doing bad things to the earth， the earth will die. If the earth died， where would we human being go？ The earth is our common living place. So it is everyone’s duty to 10.保护 our home —— the earth. Do remember： We have only one earth！

Time Is Money

“Time is money.” This saying means that time is very valuable.

But time is more valuable than money. The money we have lost can be gained again, but the time we have wasted cannot be regained. Moreover, sometimes persons can exist without money, but nothing can be done without time, just as no one can live without air.

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Despite being so valuable, time is often neglected by men. Since time is an invisible thing, men often waste their time unconsciously. Without anything to do, they may gossip from morning till night.

Man can live only at most to about 100 years. It seems fairly long, but in fact it is rather short. We often say “How quickly time flies!” How many things can a man accomplish in such a short period? Hence we should use the valuable time properly to do our work. We will race with it. We will study and work hard. Never waste a little bit of it.

【情态动词的用法要点】

一． can和could

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特别说明：

（1） could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用

can（即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： ——Could I use your dictionary?

——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.) (2) can和be able to辨析

can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如：

I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English.

Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own? 但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to来表示。这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如：

After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again.

The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building. (3) 惯用形式“cannot too ”表示“无论怎么 也不（过分）”。如： You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。 惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式（不带to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如： I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。

二．may和 might

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三．must和have to

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四．shall和should

五．will和would

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特别说明：would与used to辨析

would可用来表示过去反复出现的动作，但不能表示过去存在的状态，所以我们不能说：“she would be a quiet girl.” 另外，would强调过去某种特定情况下的活动，是完全过去的事情，同现在没有联系。而used to则着眼于过去和现在的对比，隐含现在已不存在，动作或状态都可表示。Would可以表示不规则的习惯，used to则不可。如：

He used to be a naughty boy and cause trouble. I used to get up at six in the morning.

Sometimes she would take a walk in the neighboring woods.

In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I would go to Mr. Chen for help.

六．need和dare

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七．ought的用法：

说明：should与ought to 表示“应该”时的区别

should 表示自己的主观看法，而ought to的语气中，含有“按道理应该 ”之意。若要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定，一般用ought to。如： You should help them with their work.

You are his father. You ought to get him to receive good education.

八．“情态动词+have done”用法

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情态动词+have done

用法表示主观上对过去已经发生的行为 进行推测，意为“想必，准是，一 定做了某事”

例句 1.She must have gone through a lot. 2.He must have visited the White House during his stay in the United States. 1.You may have learnt the news. 2.He may not have heard his name called. 3.Sorry I’m late. I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.

must have done

may/might have done

表示对过去已发生行为的推测，意 为“也许/或许已经(没有) “。 一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用 于疑问句。用 might 则表示语气更 加不肯定。

can have done cannot have done

表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不 1.Where can she have gone? 肯定， 通常用在否定句和疑问句中。 2.Could he have done such a (can 换成 could 时语气委婉) foolish thing?

could have done

3.The boy can’t have finished reading the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult. 可用于肯定句中，表示“可能已 1.He could have killed himself 经 ”之意，此外，还可以表示 driving at a dangerous speed. 过去能做而没做的事，有一种对过 2.You could have been more 去为付诸实施的事情的惋惜。 considerate. 3.You could have done better, but you were too careless.表示“本来可能 ,但实际上没 有发生的事情” 。 另外， 还可以表示 “本来应该或可以做某事”之意， 含有轻微的责备语气。

might have done

1.You should not swim in that sea. You might have been eaten by a shark. 2.He might have given him more help, thought he was busy. should/ought to have 用于肯定句时，表示本该做某事， 1.He should have known that 而实际上未做；用于否定句时，则 done the police would never allow 表示不该做的事反而做了。 this sort of thing. 2.You shouldn’t have done it so carelessly. 3.You ought to have returned the book earlier. 4.You ought not to have refused his offer. needn’t have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。 注意： 1.You needn’t have watered the didn’t need to do 表示“没必要做而 plants, for it is going to rain. 实际上也没有做某事” 2.I didn’t need to buy the

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【真题演练】

情态动词练习

1.------"May I go now?" -------"No, you ________. " A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. mightn't

D. won't

2. You _________ do the exercise if you don't want to. A. may not B. can't A. would B. should

C. mustn't C. will

D. needn't

3. You _________ pay more attention to your spelling next time.

D. shall

4. The girl _________ out alone at night. A. dare not go B. dare not to go

C. dares not go D. does not

dare go

5.Bruce must have been in China for a long time,_____?

A.hasn’t he B.mustn’t he C.Isn’t he D.wasn’t he 6. There ________ be a lot of small houses on both sides of the street.

A. used to B. get used to C. would D. did use to 7.It must have snowed last night,____?

A.isn’t it B.haven’t he C.mustn’t it D.didn’t it 8.If they _________ to do this work, he might do it some other way. A. were B. should C. will D. can

9. I was told yesterday that the company _________ me to Rome next week for a business conference.

A. should have sent B. were going to send send

10.Let's take a walk, ________?

A. will we B. don't we C. do we D. shall we 11. You must have seen him off yesterday, _________? A. haven't you B. didn't you

C. mustn't you D. needn't you

C. should be sending D. should

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12. ---- That must be a mistake. ---- No .it _________ be. A. can't

B. isn't able to C. can D. was able to

C. needn't

D. shouldn't

13. He had known the matter before you told him, so you _________ have told it to him. A. mustn't B. can't 14. How ________ so?

A. dare you to say B. dare you say A. should to take B. might to take A. used to be B. would be A. will be used to speak C. must be used to speak

C. do you dare say D. dare to say

C. ought to take D. need to take

15. You are their teacher. You _________ care of them.

16. She is studying medical science now but she _________ a lawyer.

C. were D. had been B. will be used to speaking

17. If you were in an English-speaking country, you, too, _________ English every day.

D. would be used to speaking

C. must have D. shall have

D. should

18. I did not call to make my airline reservation (预订) but I _________. A. should have B, may have A. would A. would go

B. will B. go

19. As a girl, she _________ get up at six every day.

C. might

20. Don't you remember that we _________ to the cinema tonight?

C. are going D. will be gone

21. ---- Shall I tell John about it?

---- No, you _________. I've told him already. A. needn't B. wouldn't -------“__________”.

A. I don't like it B. Yes .please ------“__________”.

A. Yes .please B. All right 24. M:________?

T:I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time." M:0h, no. You'll surely come over.

T: It's very nice of you. But I'm sorry I have to go to a meeting. A. Do you have lunch out in a restaurant C. Did you go to see the film --------"Yes, I _________. "

A. ought to B. ought to have

C. ought D. have ought to

26. ------"Would you like to go out for a walk?"

B. Shall I have you with me at my birthday D. Have you enjoyed yourself at the party

C. Not at all D. I do

C. No, please D. No. I'm sorry

23. -----"Would you tell me something about the affair?"

C. mustn't D. shouldn't

22. ------"Would you mind if I open the window?"

25. ------"You ought to have come here ten minutes ago?"

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------"Yes, ___________. " A. I'd like to B. I'd like 27. ________ you succeed ! A. Can

B. May

C. Must C. leaving

D. Will D. left

28. Did he need ________ then? A. leave

B. to leave

29. Do you think if he dares _________ in public. A. speak B. speaking

C. to speak D. spoken

C. I'll like to D. I would

30. He ________ eating American food since he came here. A. used to B. has been used C. has been used to

D. was used to

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