2007年上海市数学中考试题及答案解析
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在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
2007年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试
数学试卷
(满分150分,考试时间100分钟) 2007-6-20
一、填空题:(本大题共12题,满分36分)(只要求直接写出结果,每个空格填对得3分,
否则得零分) 1.计算:2 .
2.分解因式:2a 2ab .
2
11 xx 1
3
4.已知函数f(x) ,则f(1) .
x 2
3.化简:5.函数y
2
6.若方程x 2x 1 0的两个实数根为x1,x2,则x1 x2 . 7 2的根是
8.如图1,正比例函数图象经过点A,该函数解析式是.
B
图2
图1
9.如图2,E为平行四边形ABCD的边BC延长线上一点,连结AE,交边CD于点F.在不添加辅助线的情况下,请写出图中一对相似三角形: .
10.如果两个圆的一条外公切线长等于5,另一条外公切线长等于2a 3,那么a . 11.如图3,在直角坐标平面内,线段AB垂直于y轴,垂足为B,且AB 2,如果将线段AB沿y轴翻折,点A落在点C处,那么点C的横坐标是 .
图3
图4
蓝舰精品小班
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
12.图4是4 4正方形网格,请在其中选取一个白色的单位正方形并涂黑,使图4中黑色部分是一个中心对称图形. 二、选择题:(本大题共4题,满分16分)
【下列各题的四个结论中,有且只有一个结论是正确的,把正确结论的代号写在题后的圆括号内,选对得4分;不选、错选或者多选得零分】 13 ) A
B
C
D14.如果一次函数y kx b的图象经过第一象限,且与y轴负半轴相交,那么( ) A.k 0,b 0
B.k 0,b 0
C.k 0,b 0
D.k 0,b 0
15.已知四边形ABCD中,∠A ∠B ∠C 90,如果添加一个条件,即可推出该四边形是正方形,那么这个条件可以是( ) A.∠D 90
B.AB CD
C.AD BC
D.BC CD
16.小明不慎把家里的圆形玻璃打碎了,其中四块碎片如图5所示,为配到与原来大小一样的圆形玻璃,小明带到商店去的一块玻璃碎片应该是( ) A.第①块 B.第②块 C.第③块 D.第④块 三、(本大题共5题,满分48分) 17.(本题满分9分) 图5
3 x 0,
解不等式组: 4x3x并把解集在数轴上表示出来.
, 6 32
18.(本题满分9分)
x2 3x2x 1
0. 解方程:2
x 1x 1
19.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分6分,第(2)小题满分4分)
0),如图6,在直角坐标平面内,O为原点,点A的坐标为(10,点B在第一象限内,BO 5,3sin∠BOA .
5
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图6
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
求:(1)点B的坐标;(2)cos∠BAO的值. 20.(本题满分10分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2),(3)小题满分各3分)
初三学生小丽、小杰为了解本校初二学生每周上网的时间,各自在本校进行了抽样调查.小丽调查了初二电脑爱好者中40名学生每周上网的时间,算得这些学生平均每周上网时间为2.5小时;小杰从全体初二学生名单中随机抽取了40名学生,调查了他们每周上网的时间,算得这些学生平均每周上网时间为1.2小时.小丽与小杰整理各自样数据,如表一所示.请根据上述信息,回答下列问题:
(1)你认为哪位学生抽取的样本具有代表性?答: ; 估计该校全体初二学生平均每周上网时间为 小时;
(2)根据具体代表性的样本,把图7中的频数分布直方图补画完整; (3)在具有代表性的样本中,中位数所在的时间段是 小时/周.
时间段 小丽抽样 小杰抽样
(小时/周) 人数 人数 6 22 0~1
10 10 1~2
16 6 2~3 8 2 3~4 (每组可含最低值,不含最高值)
表一
小时/周
(每组可含最低值,不含最高值)
图7
21.(本题满分10分)
2001年以来,我国曾五次实施药品降价,累计降价的总金额为269亿元,五次药品降价的年份与相应降价金额如表二所示,表中缺失了2003年、2007年相关数据.已知2007年药品降价金额是2003年药品降价金额的6倍,结合表中信息,求2003年和2007年的药品降价金额.
2001 2003 2004 2005 2007 年份
54 35 40 降价金额(亿元)
表二
四、(本大题共4题,满分50分) 22.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)
0). , 4),且过点B(3,在直角坐标平面内,二次函数图象的顶点为A(1
(1)求该二次函数的解析式;
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
(2)将该二次函数图象向右平移几个单位,可使平移后所得图象经过坐标原点?并直接写出平移后所得图象与x轴的另一个交点的坐标. 23.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各6分)
如图8,在梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,CA平分∠BCD,DE∥AC,交BC的延长线于点E,∠B 2∠E. (1)求证:AB DC; (2)若tgB
2,AB BC的长. 24.(本题满分12分,每小题满分各4分) 如图9,在直角坐标平面内,函数y
图
8
m
,4),B(a,b),x 0,m是常数)的图象经过A(1
x
其中a 1.过点A作x轴垂线,垂足为C,过点B作y轴垂线,垂足为D,连结AD,DC,
(1)若△ABD的面积为4,求点B的坐标; (2)求证:DC∥AB;
(3)当AD BC时,求直线AB的函数解析式.
图9 25.(本题满分14分,第(1)小题满分4分,第(2),(3)小题满分各5分)
已知:∠MAN 60,点B在射线AM上,AB 4(如图10).P为直线AN上一动点,
CB.
以BP为边作等边三角形BPQ(点B,P,Q按顺时针排列),O是△BPQ的外心. (1)当点P在射线AN上运动时,求证:点O在∠MAN的平分线上;
P x,(2)当点P在射线AN上运动(点P与点A不重合)时,AO与BP交于点C,设A
AC AO y,求y关于x的函数解析式,并写出函数的定义域;
(3)若点D在射线AN上,AD 2,圆I为△ABD的内切圆.当△BPQ的边BP或
BQ
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在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
与圆I相切时,请直接写出点A与点O的距离.
图
10
备用图
2007年上海市初中毕业生统一学业考试
数学试卷答案要点与评分标准
说明:
1.解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法.如果考生的解法与所列解法不同,可参照解答中评分标准相应评分.
2.第一大题只要求直接写出结果,每个空格填对得3分,否则得零分;第二大题每题选对得4分,不选、错选或者多选得零分;17题至25题中右端所注的分数,表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数,评分时,给分或扣分均以1分为单位. 答案要点与评分标准
一、填空题(本大题共12题,满分36分) 1.3 2.2a(a b) 3.
1
4.1 5.x≥2 6.2 7.x 3
x(x 1)
8.y 3x 9.△AFD∽△EFC(或△EFC∽△EAB,或△EAB∽△AFD) 10.1 11. 2 12.答案见图1
图
1
二、选择题(本大题共4题,满分16分) 13. C 14.B 15.D 16.B 三、(本大题共5题,满分48分)
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
17.解:由3 x 0,解得x 3. ····················································································· 3分
4x3x
,解得x 1. ·························································································· 3分 326
························································································· 1分 不等式组的解集是 1 x 3.
由
解集在数轴上表示正确. ······································································································· 2分 18.解:去分母,得x2 3x (2x 1)(x 1) 0, ···························································· 3分 整理,得3x 2x 1 0, ··································································································· 2分
2
1. ······························································································ 2分 3
11
经检验,x1 1是增根,x2 是原方程的根, 原方程的根是x . ·················· 2分
33
19.解:(1)如图2,作BH OA,垂足为H, ······························································ 1分
3
在Rt△OHB中, BO 5,sin BOA ,
5
BH 3. ··························································································································· 2分 OH 4.……………………………… 1分
解方程,得x1 1,x2
3).……………………2分 点B的坐标为(4,
(2) OA 10,OH 4, AH 6.………………1分 在Rt△AHB中,
BH 3, AB 1分
x
cos BAO
AH2分
AB20.(1)小杰;1.2. ··································································································· 2分,2分
(2)直方图正确. ················································································································· 3分 (3)0~1. ······························································································································ 3分 21.解:[解法一]设2003年和2007年的药品降价金额分别为x亿元、y亿元. ············· 1分 根据题意,得
y 6x ………………………………………………………………2分
54 x 35 40 y 269 ………………………………………………2分
解方程组,得
x 20 ………………………………………………………………………2分
y 120 ………………………………………………………………………2分
答:2003年和2007年的药品降价金额分别为20亿元和120亿元. ·································· 1分
[解法二]设2003年的药品降价金额为x亿元, ···································································· 1分 则2007年的药品降价金额为6x亿元. ················································································ 2分 根据题意,得54 x 35 40 6x 269. ······································································· 2分 解方程,得x 20, 6x 120. ······················································································ 4分 答:2003年和2007年的药品降价金额分别为20亿元和120亿元. ·································· 1分
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
四、(本大题共4题,满分50分)
22.解:(1)设二次函数解析式为y a(x 1)2 4, ······················································· 2分
0), 0 4a 4,得a 1. ···················································· 3分 二次函数图象过点B(3,
············································· 1分 二次函数解析式为y (x 1)2 4,即y x2 2x 3. ·
(2)令y 0,得x 2x 3 0,解方程,得x1 3,x2 1. ································· 2分
2
0)和( 1,0). 二次函数图象与x轴的两个交点坐标分别为(3,
························································ 2分 二次函数图象向右平移1个单位后经过坐标原点. ·
0). ·平移后所得图象与x轴的另一个交点坐标为(4,·························································· 2分
23.(1)证明: DE∥AC, BCA E. ·················································································································· 1分 CA平分 BCD, BCD 2 BCA, ·········································································································· 1分 BCD 2 E, ··············································································································· 1分 又 B 2 E, B BCD. ·················································································································· 1分
······································································· 2分 梯形ABCD是等腰梯形,即AB DC. ·
(2)解:如图3,作AF BC,DG BC, 垂足分别为F,G,则AF∥DG.
在Rt△AFB中,tgB 2, AF 2BF.…………1分
又 AB ,且AB AF BF,
2
2
2
5 4BF BF,得BF 1.……………………1分
同理可知,在Rt△DGC中,CG 1.……………1分 AD∥BC, DAC ACB.
又 ACB ACD, DAC ACD, AD DC.
22
图3
····················································································· 1分
DC AB AD .·
AD∥BC,AF∥DG, 四边形AFGD
是平行四边形, FG AD ······ 1分
··················································································· 1分 BC BF FG GC 2 ·24.(1)解: 函数y
m
(x 0,m是常数)图象经过A(1,4), m 4. ··············· 1分
x
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
设BD,AC交于点E,据题意,可得B点的坐标为 a ,D点的坐标为 0 ,
4 a 4 a
········································································································· 1分 E点的坐标为 1 , ·
4
a
a 1, DB a,AE 4
由△ABD的面积为4,即
4. a
1 4
····································································· 1分 a 4 4, ·
2 a 4 3
得a 3, 点B的坐标为 3 . ···················································································· 1分
,0),DE 1, (2)证明:据题意,点C的坐标为(1 a 1,易得EC
4
,BE a 1, a
44
BEa 1AE a 1. · a 1,··································································· 2分
4DE1CE
a
BEAE . ······················································································································· 1分 DECE DC∥AB. ······················································································································· 1分 (3)解: DC∥AB, 当AD BC时,有两种情况: ①当AD∥BC时,四边形ADCB是平行四边形,
BEAE
a 1, a 1 1,得a 2. 由(2)得,
DECE
. ···································································································· 1分 点B的坐标是(2,2)
设直线AB的函数解析式为y kx b,把点A,B的坐标代入,
得
4 k b, k 2,
解得
2 2k b b 6.
·········································································· 1分 直线AB的函数解析式是y 2x 6. ·
②当AD与BC所在直线不平行时,四边形ADCB是等腰梯形, 则BD AC, a 4, 点B的坐标是(4,1). ························································· 1分 设直线AB的函数解析式为y kx b,把点A,B的坐标代入,
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
得
4 k b, k 1,
解得
1 4k b.b 5
············································································ 1分 直线AB的函数解析式是y x 5. ·
综上所述,所求直线AB的函数解析式是y 2x 6或y x 5. 25.(1)证明:如图4,连结OB,OP,
O是等边三角形BPQ的外心, OB OP, ································································ 1分
360
120 . 圆心角 BOP 3
当OB不垂直于AM时,作OH AM,OT AN,垂足分别为H,T. 由 HOT A AHO ATO 360,且 A 60,
AHO ATO 90 , HOT 120 .
BOH POT. ··········································································································· 1分 Rt△BOH≌Rt△POT. ······························································································· 1分 OH OT. 点O在 MAN的平分线上. ·································································· 1分
当OB AM时, APO 360 A BOP OBA 90.
即OP AN, 点O在 MAN的平分线上.
综上所述,当点P在射线AN上运动时,点O在 MAN的平分线上.
图4
(2)解:如图5,
图5
AO平分 MAN,且 MAN 60 ,
BAO PAO 30 . ··································································································· 1分
由(1)知,OB OP, BOP 120,
CBO 30 , CBO PAC.
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
在上海的话,很多人都会选择蓝舰教育,他们是小班人数一般都在10-15个人,老师的话他们都是聘请上海这边经验丰富的区市重点的在职老师,讲课风趣幽默很能调动学生的兴趣,并且每个老师都考纲,课改这些都把握的非常好。因为人数少,一般有什么问题课间和下课时间都可以问,老师都会很耐心的讲解。
中小学课外辅导专家
BCO PCA, AOB APC. ········································································ 1分 △ABO∽△ACP. ABAO . AC AO AB AP. y 4x. ·························································· 1分 ACAP
定义域为:x 0. ················································································································ 1分
(3)解:①如图6,当BP与圆I
相切时,AO ·················································· 2分 ②如图7,当BP与圆I
相切时,AO
; ································································· 1分 ③如图8,当BQ与圆I相切时,AO 0. ······································································· 2分
图6
P(A)
M
图7
图8
蓝舰精品小班 蓝舰一对一辅导
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