某星级宾馆建筑给排水毕业设计 - 图文

某星级宾馆建筑给排水毕业设计

目录

一、 设计说明书 ······························································································ 1

（一）给水工程 ·························································································· 1

1﹒设计资料 ····························································································· 1 2﹒设计原则 ····························································································· 1 3﹒方案比较 ····························································································· 1

方案一：无分区无水箱供水方式 ·································································· 1 方案二：设水泵水箱给水方式 ····································································· 1 方案三：变频泵调速供水 ··········································································· 2

（二）排水工程 ·························································································· 2

1﹒方案选择 ····························································································· 3 2﹒排水系统的组成 ··················································································· 3 3﹒系统流程图 ·························································································· 3 4﹒屋面雨水排水系统的选择 ····································································· 3

（三）消防给水工程 ·················································································· 3

1﹒室内消火栓系统 ··················································································· 3

（1）消防水池 ··················································································· 4 （2）消防水泵和消防水泵房 ······························································ 5 （3）消防水箱 ··················································································· 7 （4）消防水泵接合器 ········································································· 7 （5）减压阀及减压孔板 ····································································· 8 2﹒自动喷水灭火系统················································································ 11

（1）闭式喷头 ··················································································· 12 （2）报警阀门 ··················································································· 16 （3）水流指示器················································································ 17 （4）水力警铃 ··················································································· 18 （5）延迟器 ······················································································ 18 （6）末端试水装置 ············································································ 19 （7）自动排气阀················································································ 19

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（四）室内热水工程 ·················································································· 21

1﹒系统选择 ····························································································· 21 2﹒热水供应方式 ······················································································ 21 3﹒系统组成 ····························································································· 21 4﹒主要设备 ····························································································· 21 5﹒热水供应系统附件················································································ 21

二、设计计算书 ································································································ 23

（一）给水系统 ·························································································· 23

1﹒给水用水定额及变化系数 ····································································· 23 2﹒最高日用水量计算················································································ 23 3﹒最高日最大时用水量计算 ····································································· 23 4﹒设计秒流量计算 ··················································································· 24 5﹒高位水箱容积计算················································································ 25 6﹒贮水池计算 ·························································································· 27 7﹒生活给水系统水力计算 ········································································· 28

（二）排水系统 ·························································································· 44

1﹒排水定额 ····························································································· 44 2﹒污水、废水系统水力计算 ····································································· 44 3﹒雨水排水系统水力计算 ········································································· 60

（三）消防系统 ·························································································· 62

1﹒消火栓系统水力计算 ············································································ 62 2﹒自动喷水灭火系统水力计算 ·································································· 67

（四）室内热水系统 ·················································································· 72

1﹒热水用量计算 ······················································································ 72 2﹒耗热量计算 ·························································································· 72 3﹒热媒耗热量计算 ··················································································· 72 4﹒热水贮存器容积计算 ············································································ 73 5﹒热交换设备计算 ··················································································· 73 6﹒机械循环水力计算················································································ 74

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一 设计说明书

（一）给水工程

1﹒设计资料

根据设计资料，本建筑为某城市新建一座国际商贸城四星级宾馆,地下一层，地上十六层，建筑高度约57.90m，建筑面积约26810m2，。室外给水管网供水水压为0.3Mpa。每层高3.6米。

2﹒设计原则

a、保障用水的安全可靠；

b、设备及管道的布置尽量简洁、集中，以便于检修； c、管道及设备的布置尽量便于装修，使宾馆美观舒适。

3﹒方案比选

方案一：无分区无水箱的供水方式

本方案采用多台水泵并联，根据水泵出水量或水压调节水泵运行台数。 方案示意图如下：

图1.1

优点：供水较可靠，设备布置较集中，便于维护和管理，不占用建筑上层使用面积。 缺点：水泵型号和数量比较多，投资较大，水泵控制调节比较麻烦，管道布置较复杂。 方案二：设水泵和水箱的给水方式

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在地下室设置水池，由水泵将水池中水供至屋顶水箱，水池水源来自市政管网供水。其方案示意图如下： 、

图1.2

优点：水泵能及时向水箱供水，可缩小水箱容积，又因水箱有调节作用，水泵出水量稳定，能保持在高效区运行。

缺点：可能造成二次污染，增加建筑荷载。 方案三:变频泵调速供水方式

优点：不设置屋顶水箱，减小占地面积与建筑荷重，无二次污染供水水质好，设备便于自动控制，管理简便，控制精度高运行可靠；水泵可以软启动，降低了对电网供电量的需求，减少了水泵机组的机械冲击和磨损及水泵切换时的震荡现象因而延长了水泵的寿命；设备一般为一体化装置，体积小，占地少。

缺点：不能满足消防贮水量，存在小流量和零流量的供水问题；一次性投入价格较高。

考虑到宾馆对环境卫生的要求，本次设计中采用变频泵供水方式供水。考虑到尽量利用市政管网水压力，并且方便管理，节省电耗等因素，将宾馆给水分为两个区，低区为1—5层，由市政管网供水，高区为6—16层，由高位水箱供水。 4、室内给水系统组成

整个系统包括引如管、水表节点、给水管网和附件等，此外，还包括高区所需的地

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下贮水池、加压泵、屋顶水箱以及相配套的设备等。

（二）排水工程 1﹒方案选择

本建筑属高层建筑，卫生器具较多，排水量较大。为防止水封破坏，排水立管采用伸顶通气。

本建筑属四星级宾馆，对卫生标准要求较高，采用生活污水与生活废水分流的排水系统。

生活污水直接排至城市排水管网。地下室排水经污水泵提升后排至室外。

2﹒排水系统的组成

排水系统包括以下几部分：

（1）卫生器具：室内排水系统的起点

（2）横支管：将卫生器具排出的污水引入立管 （3）立管：接纳横支管污水并将其排到干管或排出户外

（4）横干管：接纳室内数根排水立管的污水，并将其引入排出管的管段 （5）通气管：排出有害气体，平衡压力，防止水封破坏 （6）排出管：接纳横干管的污水，将其排出室外 （7）清通设备：疏通排水管 （8）抽升设备和局部处理构筑物

3﹒系统流程图

卫生 器具 横支管 立管 干管 化粪池 市政排水管网 图1.3

4﹒屋面雨水排水系统的选型

根据该建筑物的性质和雨水排水的要求，本设计采用普通内排水系统，内排水是指屋面设雨水斗，建筑物内部有雨水管道的雨水排水系统。因为建筑是16层高层建筑，所以建筑立面要求较高，采用雨水室内排水美观。

（三）消防给水工程

1﹒室内消火栓系统

消火栓的布置必须保证两股水柱能同时达到室内的任何一个部位，每股水柱的流量

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不小于5.00L/s，消火栓保护半径为27.1m（R=CLd＋h 其中Ld为消火栓水龙带长度，取25.0m；C为保护系数，取0.8；h为充实水柱水平投影长度，与建筑层高有关，取10m），建筑物设有消防电梯时，其前室应设消火栓。

按此原则在建筑内布置消火栓并确定其数量。同时为了消防管道在发生火灾时能及时供给消防正常用水，且为了保护本建筑免受邻近建筑火灾的威胁，在屋顶设置试验消火栓。

消火栓应设在使用方便的走道内，宜靠近疏散方便的通道口处、楼梯间内。消火栓口离地面距离为1.1m，栓口出水方向宜向下或与设置消火栓的墙面垂直。

根据《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》，室内消火栓用水量为40L/s，每根竖管最小流量15L/s，每支水枪最小流量5L/s。由于消火栓口静水压力不大于0.8Mpa，故室内消火栓系统不分区，采用水箱和水泵联合供水的临时高压给水系统，每个消火栓处设直接启动消防水泵的按钮。高位消防水箱贮存10min消防水量，消防泵及管道均单独设置。每个消火栓口径为65mm单栓口，水枪喷嘴口径19mm，充实水柱为10mH2O，采用麻质水带直径65mm，长度25m。消防泵直接从生活—消防合用水池吸水，火灾延续时间以2h计。

（1）消防水池

规范规定，不允许消防水泵直接从市政供水管网直接抽水。这样就需要设计消防

水池以提供消防用水。

消防水池设在G区，由该区统一管理。

消防水池容积包括有效容积和无效容积两部分，无效容积。括水池内溢流管以上被空气占有的保护容积、水池下部无法被消防水 泵所取用的容积和被水池内立柱和隔墙所占据的容积。

当室外给水管网能保证室外消防用水量时，消防水池的有效容积为火灾延续时间内室内消防用水量；当室外给水管网不能保证室外消防用水量时，消防水池的有效容积为火灾延续时间内室内消防用水量与室外消防用水量之和；在火灾延续时间内若室外给水管网有向消防水池连续补水的能力，则消防水池的有效容积应减去火灾延续时间内的补水量。

消防水池的补水时间不能超过48小时。

消防水池进水管，其管径按补水时间内补水流量确定，计算时管内流速取1.0m/s。进水管上设置检修闸阀和水位控制阀。

消防水池出水管也就是消防水泵吸水管。在水池底部设有集水坑，水泵从集水坑中取水，以减少水池无效容积。

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水池溢流管将高于水池最高水位的水排出池外，其管径与进水管管经相同。溢流管上不得设置闸阀。溢流采用间接排水方式，防止回流污染，同时采取防止蚊蝇、虫、鼠从溢流管进入水池的措施。

水池放空管，在消防水池清洗或检修时放空储水用。设在水池集水坑底部，用阀门控制。

消防水泵回流管，消防水泵应定期检查，检验运行的消防水泵出水可回到水池。回流管由水泵出水管接至消防水池。

水池通风管，水池顶板比水池最高水面高出300mm, 在水池顶板上设高低两通风竖管，使水池内外空气流通。通风管顶设管帽或弯管，既能保持通风，又能防止异物进入水池。

池顶检修孔（人孔），便于进入水池清洗、检修。检修孔设为圆形，尺寸为Ф800mm。检修孔设有密闭盖板，防止雨水、污水和异物进入水池。

为了防止消防贮水被生活泵动用，把生活水泵吸水管达到池内消防贮备水位处开一个Ф10mm的圆孔或把生活泵吸水管进水口置于消防水位标高处。

（2）消防水泵和消防水泵房

消防水泵在临时高压消防给水系统中设置，火灾时启动，用以保证消防所需的压

力和水量。

消防水泵采用清水离心泵。对于泵的安装方式，本设计原则上采用灵活处理，根据实际需要，可选立式泵或卧式泵，但不管需那种泵，都遵循一个原则：水泵出水量不小于所计算的消防用水量；水泵扬程在满足消防用水量的情况下，保证系统最不利点消防设备所需水压。

消火栓消防水泵按一用一备设计，两台泵的基本性能及工作能力完全相同。每台水泵都有独立的吸水管。

消防水泵采用自灌式吸水，其吸水管上装设阀门，出水管上装设实验用和检查用的压力表和DN65的放水阀门。

消防水泵吸水管设有向水泵上升的坡度，坡度不小于0.005，其大小头为偏心大小头，设计这个的目的是不让吸水管积气，以免形成气囊而影响过水能力。

通过合理布置消防给水系统、减少分区给水压力值、选用流量-扬程曲线平缓的消防水泵、提高管道承压能力、在出水管上设置安全阀和其他泄压装置及回流泄压管等措施防止超压。

消防水泵房与消防控制室之间，设有直接的通讯联络。

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