状语从句Adverbial Clauses - 图文

状语从句Adverbial Clauses 知识要点：

状语从句是副词性从句，它在句子中担任状语，修饰主句的动词、形容词或副词。根据修饰的方面，状语从句可以分为以下九种。 1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、方式状语从句 8、 让步状语从句 9、 比较状语从句

种类 从属连词 时 例 句 说 明 when When the plane arrived, some of the when指的是“某一具体的 detectives were waiting inside the main 时间”。 building while others were waiting on the airfield. L7 whenever指的是“在任何whenever We shall go there whenever we are free. 一个不具体的时间”。 我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。 when引导时间状语从句和定语从句的区when意为“这时”或“在 when 别， 间 那个时候”,可以看作是并I will remember the time when I met you I will remember the time which I spent on 列句,这种用法的when分campus 句一般位于句末。 I was reading when he came back 状 while 语 Sam Benton, (the local butcher,) had lost while指“在某一段时间his wallet while taking his savings to the 里”，“在?期间”，whilepost office. 引导的动作必须是持续性如何从时间状语从句变成分词做状语： 的。 1． 主句从句主语一致 2． 保留主句，判断从句谓语动词和主语的关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词。 3． 在分词前+when/ while Tomorrow he will be watching her as引导持续性动作，强调anxiously as she swims the long distance 主句和从句的动作同时发to England. 生。 L36 Think before you act. 三思而后行 before译为在?之前 as 从 before 句 after till After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.L38 We waited till (until)he came back . 我们一直等到他回来。 如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到?为止” 种类 从属连句 until 时 间 状 语 从 句 since as soon as hardlywhen no soonerthan 例 句 说 明 I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time.L2 如主句动词是瞬间动词， 常用否定式，表示“直?Until he had passed out of sight, she stood 才”“在?以前不”,从句there. 放在句首表示强调，一般她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 用until Great changes have taken place in China 状语从句在主句之前时since the foundation of PRC. 一般用逗号与主句分开，自从建国以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 如从句在主句之后则不As soon as he had got into the car, I said 必用标点符号。 good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.L14 ?He had hardly had time to settle down hardly?when和no when he sold the house and left the sooner?than的意义相当country. 于as soon as,但只表示过L38 去发生的事情，主句为过 ? He had no sooner returned than he 去完成时，从句为过去如hardly或no soonerbought a house and went to live there. L38 时，He had hardly had time to settle down 位于句首时语气强，而且when he sold the house and left the 主句的谓语要用部分倒装。 country.L38 every time, Every time he wanted to come into the 在时间状语从句中，不能by the garden he would bark until someone 用将来时或过去将来时，time, the opened the gate.L59 而要用现在时或过去时moment =whenever主句中的would表示过去的习代替将来时。 等 惯性动作。用一般过去时的句子中它们经常连用： The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful. 我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。 Next time you come ,you’ll see him. 下次你来的时候，就会见到他。 where 地 点 wherever 状 语 从 句 原 because 因 状 语 since 从 句 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 Where there is water there is life. 哪里有水，哪里就有生命。 You are free to go wherever you like. 你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。 Wherever you go, you must obey the law. 无论你去哪都要遵守法律。 where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语。 Mr. Thompson is going to sell it because it because用来回答why 的is haunted.L47 问题，语气最强一般放在主句之后 Since light travels faster than sound, since表示既然或全已知people appear bright until you hear them 的理由,稍加分析即可表明speak. 的原因,多放句首

种类 从属连句 原 因 例 句 说 明 Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young as 从句常放在句首，说明man in Teheran saved up for years to buy 原因，主句说明结果，a real bed. L49 改写成原因状语从句：As/ since he was 常用于口语中。 tired of…。sleeping为动名词，作介词of的宾语。 状语从句的省略： 1。主句从句主语一致， 2。从句中含有be， 3。把从句中的主语和be省略 now that, Now (that) the weather has cleared up, we seeing (that), now that seeing can start our journey. 和since, as 意义相似，that 鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 他们都有“鉴于某个事Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for 实”的意思，that可以the doctor. 省去。 鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。 that I shall write down your telephone number 目的状语从句中常用 that I may not forget. 情态动词may (might) 我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。 can (could) ,should 等so that We’ll tell you the truth so that you can 放在动词之前，从句往 judge for yourself. 往放在主句之后，主从 我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判句之间不用任何标点 断。 符号 in order They worked harder than usual in order that that they could finish the work ahead of time . 他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完lest = for 成工作。 fear that Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold. 多穿点衣服，以免患感冒。 so that so?that We turned up the radio, so that everyone so that前有逗号为结果heard the news. 状语从句。 我们把收音机的音量放大，大家都听到了so?that的so后面跟形新闻。 容词或副词。 The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.L30 状 语 从 句 目 的 状 语 从 句 结 果 状 such语 that 从 句 ?The men got such a fright that they such?that的such后面dropped the bag and ran away.L44 跟名词，如果名词是单It is such an interesting novel that all of us 数就要用such a /an?want to read it. that还可以转换用so?It is so interesting a novel that all of us that，语气较强 want to read it. 这是一本十分有意思的书，大家都想看。 例 句 说 明 种类 从属连句 条 件 状 语 从 句 if If you receive a request like this, you unless从句的谓语只能 cannot fail to obey it!L16 用肯定式。unless和if? We shall go there tomorrow unless it not同义，unless是书 rains. 面语，if?not是口语，unless 除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。 通常二者可以换用。 = We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t 条件状语从句中的谓 rain. 语动词的时态一般要 So/As long as you work hard, you will 用现在时或过去时代as/so long succeed. 替一般将来时或过去as 只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。 将来时。 In case I forget, please remind me about in case it . so far as 万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。 So far as I know, the book will be published next month. 据我所知，那本书下月出版。 as as if? as though As soon as he had finished, Jenny told 此处as译为，按照或正him she wanted to go home. Jeremy was a 如 little disappointed by this but he did as his as if或as though的意daughter asked. L63 义和用法基本一样。从When in Rome, do as the Romans do 句中可以用现在时表She looks as if she is ill. 示可能符合事实，也可看上去她好象是生病了。 以用虚拟语气。 He acted as if he had never lived in He walks as if he is drunk.（表示从他的走England before.L38 路姿势来判断，他是醉They treat the black boy as if (though) he 了。） were an animal. He walks as if he were 他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。 drunk.（表示他根本没有喝酒，这里只是一个假设） 方 式 状 语 从 句 though 让 步 although 状 语 even if 从 even though 句

种类 从属连词 让 as Though, at first, Byrd and his men were 在句子中一般用了“虽able to take a great many photographs of 然”就不能再用“但是”the mountains that lay below, they soon （but）但可以与yet或ran into serious trouble.L43。 still连用。though / Although the bed was smashed to pieces, although意义相同，用the man was miraculously unhurt.L49 法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式多放主句的前面。 Almost immediately he began to complain even if 和even thoughabout the weather, for even though it was 的意思为“即使”“纵still summer, it rained continually and it 使”有退一步设想的意was often bitterly cold.L38 味，多用于书面语中。 例 句 Child as he is , he knows a lot . 虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。 说 明 as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用 步 状 语 从 句 Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the though或although引children play outdoors. 导的从句，语气强，更虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。 有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。 no matter No matter how busy you are, he always no matter??与 insists on coming with you. L68 (who, who-ever引导的让步No matter how busy he was, he studied what 状语从句意义基本一 English every day. when, 样，no matter??引导不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。 where 的从句可是以位于主No matter who takes up the matter for which, 句前或主句后。 me ,I shall be very grateful. how?) 不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。 wh－ever Whatever happens / may happen , we wh－ever从句中的动(whatever shall not lose heart. 词有时可以和may连whoever 无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。 用。判断wh－ever引whenever Whoever comes, he will be welcome. 导的是状语从句还是whicheve无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。 名词性从句的一点是，r 名词性从句，主句中一however) 定有一个成分要在从句担任，一般从句与主句之间没有逗号。 不可将no matter与wh—ever连用 as?as not so/as ?as the same ?as such?as than My love for you is as firm as rock. 连词表示同程度级的He doesn’t run so (as) fast as Jack (does). 比较，肯定句用as?as他不如杰克跑得那样快。 否定句可用not as?as His book is the same as mine. 或not so?as 他的书和我的一样。 Henry is not such a good worker as Peter . 享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。 She has made greater progress this year 表示不同程度之比较，than she did last year. 主句中用比较级的形她今年比去年进步更大。 容词或副词。 He bought fewer books than I (did). 他买的书比我买的少。 例 句 说 明 比 较 状 语 从 句

种类 从属连句 the more The more you read, the better you the more?the more 比 ?the understand. 意思为越?越?，通常 more 你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。 的语序为从句在前主较 The more tickets you sell, the more money 句在后，这两个the都 you will get. 是表示程度的副词，用状 你卖的票越多，你的收入也越多。 在比较级的形容词或 The harder you work, the greater 副词前面。 语 progress you will make. 从 句 特 殊 形 式 的 状 语 从 句

that 你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 The sooner, the better. 越快越好。 The warmer, the better. 越暖和越好。 句子意思明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。 In spite of this, many people are confident that 引导的从句，往往that’ The Revealer’ may reveal something 跟在一个做表语的形of value fairly soon.L55 容词后面，从句概念上We are sure (that )the four modernization 看是宾语，所以有的语will be realized in China . 法家把它看做是宾语我们相信四化一定会在中国实现。 从句，但结构上看，也I’m sorry (that) I didn’t have time to 可以把它看作是一个write you sooner. 特殊的状语从句，用来很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写信。 修饰表语的形容词。这I am afraid that I can’t go with you. 种从句的连词常常被恐怕我不能同你一起去了。 省略。

从 句 特 殊 形 式 的 状 语 从 句

that 你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。 The sooner, the better. 越快越好。 The warmer, the better. 越暖和越好。 句子意思明显，句子的主语和动词都可省略。 In spite of this, many people are confident that 引导的从句，往往that’ The Revealer’ may reveal something 跟在一个做表语的形of value fairly soon.L55 容词后面，从句概念上We are sure (that )the four modernization 看是宾语，所以有的语will be realized in China . 法家把它看做是宾语我们相信四化一定会在中国实现。 从句，但结构上看，也I’m sorry (that) I didn’t have time to 可以把它看作是一个write you sooner. 特殊的状语从句，用来很抱歉，我没有抽出时间早点给你写信。 修饰表语的形容词。这I am afraid that I can’t go with you. 种从句的连词常常被恐怕我不能同你一起去了。 省略。

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