现在进行时，现在完成时

现在进行时

一、 课前小测：

用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1.The boy ________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls ________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother __________ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _________( have) an English lesson . 6.They ________(not ,water) the flowers now.

7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom . 8.What is our son doing? She ______ (listen ) to music.

9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

答案：1.is drawing 2.are singing 3.is cooking 4.are;doing 5.are having 6.aren’t watering 7.are dancing 8.is listening 9.are having

10.Is;washing 二、概念：.

现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作或存在的状态。现在进行时表示动作发生的时间是“现在”，动作目前的状态是“正在进行中”。所谓“正在进行中”，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作还在进行中。在进行中这是“正在进行时”的关键所在，它是一件持续进行的事情。

三、现在进行时的用法： 1、表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生或进行的动作。常与now,right now,at this moment等时间壮语连用。

例如： We are waiting for you now. 我们正在等你。 2、表示现阶段（说话前后一段时间内），一直在进行的活动。说话时动作未必正在进行。 例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）

He is thinking about this problem.这些天来他一直在考虑这个问题。 3、表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，常与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。

例如：You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。

4、表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。 例如：The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。

It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。

5、表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。

1表移动的终止性动词（come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等）用于现在○

进行时，表示即将要发生动作。

例如：I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 The train is arriving soon. 火车要到了。 2一些持续性动词用于进行时，○表将来，表示说话者对对方将要做的事情的一种关心。

例如：Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？ 注意:

四、动词V-ing的构成形式 规则 原形 -ing形式 listen listening 一般在动词原形末尾加-ing spend spending stay staying have having 以不发音字母e结尾的动prepare preparing 词，先去掉e，再加-ing close closing sit sitting 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，begin beginning 如果末尾只有一个辅音字run running 母，应先双写这个辅音字母，put putting 再加-ing lie lying 以ie为重读音节结尾的动die dying 词，先去掉e,把i改为y,再加-ing prefer preferring 以er结尾的动词，如是重读water watering 音节结尾，先双写r，再加-ing；如不是重读音节结尾，就直接加-ing 随堂练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式。

1、win 2、relax 3、jump 4、make 5、have 6、talk 7、tie 8、cheer 9、enjoy 10、cry 11、come 12、fit 答案：1.winning 2.relaxing 3.jumping 4.making 5.having 6.talking 7.tying 8.cheering 9.enjoying 10.crying 11.coming 12.fitting 二、单项选择。

( )1. Some are _________ in the river and some are _____ .

A. swimming , skating B. swiming, skating C. swimming, skateing ( )2. Look! The boy students are ___ football while the girls are ________.

A. playing, dance B. playing, dancing C. play, dancing

( )3. ________ he ______ on well with his friends this term?

A. Dose, gets B. is, getting C. Is, getting ( ) 4. Mr. Smith ______ short stories, but he ______ a TV play these days.

A. is writing, is writing B. is writing, writes C. writes, is writing ( ) 5. I _______ to the cinema. I _________ there every Sunday.

A. go. go B. am going, go C. go. am going going 答案：ABCCB

中考直击：

1.【2008年成都】—Where is Mike? He asked me to go out for a walk this evening． —Maybe he ________ TV in the living room now． A．watched B．will watch C．is watching

2.【2011辽宁大连】 —What’s the weather like—Oh, it ___ outside. Take an umbrella with you. A. rains B. is raining C. was raining

3.【2011湖南张家界】You can’t use the bathroom right now. Robbie ______ a shower. A. takes B. will take C. is taking

4.【2011广西桂林】Look! The boys _______ football on the playground. A. plays B. play C. are playing

5.【2011黑龙江绥化市】Don't make so much noise. The children _______an English lesson. A. have B. are having C. were having

6. 【2011?四川南充】 Today is Women's Day. My father and I __ a special gift for my mother now. A. make B. made C. are making

7. 【2011四川资阳】—What’s that noise? —Oh, I forgot to tell you. The neighbors __ for a party. A. prepare B. are preparing C. will prepare

8. 【2011广西崇左】----Where is Michael? ----He ____TV at home , I think. A. watches B. watched C. is watching

答案：CBCCB CBC

解题技巧：看时间（now, at the moment, right now, at this moment）

瞄动作（以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行）

揣情境 (看是否正在进行)

体语气（看是否表示抱怨，赞赏等强烈语气）

易错分析：

一、 有些动词（状态动词不用于进行时态）

1.表示知道或了解的动词:believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize , suppose, understand

2.表示“看起来”“看上去\ 3表示喜爱或不喜爱hate, like， lover， prefer

4表示构成或来源的动词 be， come from.，Contain ,include 5表示感官的动词 hear ，see ，smell， sound ，taste

6表示拥有的动词belong to， need，own ，possess，want， wish 二、现在进行时的构成

现在进行时由\构成。be应为助动词，初学者最容易漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。

典型例题

My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.

A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. is missing, haven't found. 答案C. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。

课后巩固：

单项选择

( )1. Who _____ over there now?

A. singing B. are sing C. is singing ( )2. It’s eight o’clock. The students ___ an English class. A.have B.having C. are having ( )3. Listen! The baby ____ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying ( )4. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear ( )5. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____.

A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping ( )6.Is the woman ______ yellow your teacher?

A.in B.putting on C.wearing ( )7.Look!The twins_____their mother do the housework.

A.are wanting B.help C.are helping ( )8._____are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.

A.Who B.What C.How ( )9.Is she____something?

A.eat B.eating C.eatting ( )10.What are you listening_____?

A/ Bfor Cat ( )11.They are_____their clothes.

A.makeing B.putting C.put away ( )12.Listen! She____in the classroom.

A.is singing B.sing C.to sing ( )13.Today Jim______ his white shirt and brown trousers.

A.is putting on B.wear C.put on ( )14.______are you eating?I'm eating______meat.

A.What,some B What,a CWhere,not ( )15.They______TV in the evening.They do their homework.

Aare watching B.can't watching C.don't watch

答案：

CCCAB CCBAA AAABC

英语加油站：

部分国家及城市的英语雅称

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Athens(雅典)：The City of Jasmines(茉莉花城)

Berne（伯尔尼）:The City of Clocks and Watches(钟表城) Brazil(巴西)：The Country of Coffee(咖啡国)

Malaysia(马来西亚)：The Rubber Country(橡胶国) Ecuador(厄瓜多尔)：The Equatorial Country(赤道国)

现在完成时

课前小测：

单项选择

1. -Where have you _____, Kate? -I've ______ to the bank.

A. gone, gone B. been, been C. gone, been

2. Her grandfather ______ for two years.

A.has died B. has been dead C. has been died 3. It's six weeks ______ I met you last.

A. when B. since C. before 4. Tom and Jack have __________ West Hill Farm already. A. have got B. have gone to C. have been to

5、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him .（呼和浩特） Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know 答案：BBBBB

概念：

现在完成时表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定结束）的动作或状态。句式有肯定句式、否定句式、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。现在完成时常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。 一． 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done) 二． 句型：

否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)

No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 三．用法

（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义：郭子君现在在这儿)

My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. ①for+时段

②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来） ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句（过去时）

●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时） Mary has been ill for three days.

I have lived here since 1998. 四．过去分词

1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：

(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。

work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived ,

(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 \变为 \，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried

(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。

stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词： AAA型

原型 过去式 过去分词

burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let let cast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread

read read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ AAB型

beat beat beaten ABA型

become became become run ran run come came come 特殊情况 ABB型

bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt

catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost make made made meet met met sell sold sold shoot shot shot sit sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won ABC型

begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown

forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden

rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote written

易错点： 瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go ,leave,join ……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词

buy----have borrow -----keep come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out leave ----be away begin-----be on finish----be over open----be open close -----be closed

die----be dead ★1.have代替buy

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

★2、用keep或have代替borrow

I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. ★3、用be替代become

How long has your sister been a teacher? ★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. ★5、用wear代替put on b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词

1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill 3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep

5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词 1“be＋on”代start,begin 2“be＋up”代get up

3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to

4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等

d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词 1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 2.用be in the army 代替join the army 3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to 常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：

1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.

→have been in sw./at…相应的介词

2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back 3. have come/gone out →have been out 4. have become → have been

5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open 6. have got up → have been up； 7. have died → have been dead；

8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.

9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep； 10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over； 11. havemarried → have been married；

12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ； 13. have begun → have been on

14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had 15. have lost → haven’t had 16. have put on →have worn

17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold； 18. have got to know → have known 19. have/has gone to → have been in

20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army

→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…

随堂练习：

1、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever

2、Have you met Mr Li ______？ Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before

3、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years . Ａ. is writing Ｂ.wrote C.has written

4、—Our country ______ a lot so far . —Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better 5、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied 6、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

Ａ.had known B. have known C. knew 7、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw 8、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really ? When _____ there ?

Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. have they gone 9、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished 10、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. has been in 答案：BCBCC BBBBC

中考链接：

1【2011四川雅安】She _______ this book for nearly three weeks.

A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 2【2011重庆】I ______my hometown for a long time. I really miss it! A. left B. went away from C. have left D. have been away from 3【2011四川达州】— Do you know Lucy’s grandma?

—Of course. She is a kind woman, but she has_______ for about a month since she __ in the accident. A. been dead; was killed B. died; was killed C. been dead; killed D. died; killed 4【2011四川资阳】So far this year, many new houses ________ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.

A. build B. are built C. will build D. have been built 5【2011四川雅安】 They _____ England and they will be back next week. A. have gone to B. have been to C. has been on 6【2011重庆江津】A: How clean the bedroom is! B: Yes, I am sure that someone it. A. cleans B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. had cleaned

7【2011四川泸州】 Mr. Fan ___ this watch in 2005. He ____ it for 6 years. A .bought, has had B. bought, has C. has bought, has had D. has bought, had 8 (11南宁)She isn’t at the cinema now because she the library. A. has been to B. have been to C. have gone to D. has gone to 9 (11烟台)—I think the man over there must be Bob.

-- It_______ be him. He has______ to Australia.

A. can’t, gone B. can’t, been C. may not, been D. mustn't, gone 10【2011江苏徐州】— Are you going to the bank, Laura? —No, I ______ to the bank already.

A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been 答案：、DDADB CADAB

解题小妙招：

1.看关键词 常见关键词有since+时间点、 for+时间段、already, yet, so far, once, twice, many times等

2. 没有关键词，根据句义判断，即过去发生的动作对现在产生了影响。

3. 瞬间动词变延续性动词，如join—be in, begin—be on, leave—be away, borrow—keep, buy—have, marry—be married等

易错点：

1.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场) Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.

Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai.

Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）

My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 2.瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go ,leave,join ……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词

buy----have borrow -----keep come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out leave ----be away begin-----be on finish----be over open----be open close -----be closed

die----be dead

课后巩固：

1、 It _____ ten years since he left the army . Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. was

2、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library . Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ. has been 3、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to 4、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

A. don’t they B. have they C. haven’t they 5、 His uncle____for more than 9 years.

A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there

二、 句型转换。

1、He has never surfed,__________ ?（改成反意疑问句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问) ____ ＿＿＿＿ they been here?

3、The old man _________ last year. He＿＿＿＿ for a year. (die) （动词填空）

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory ________ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)

Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ .

7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.

8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________ B)按要求改写下列各句:

9.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句) _________________________________________ 10.He has lost his book.

(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答) ________________________________________ 答案：AAACC

1.has he 2.how long have 3.died has been dead 5.has been away since 6.joined ago 7.It’s since

9.they haven’t bought a computer 10.Has he lost his book?

Yes,he has. No,he hasn’t.

英语加油站：

字母与成语：

1. begin with ABC从简单开始

eg.That question is too difficult. Let’s begin with ABC. 2. as easy as ABC相当简单

eg.The work at hand isn’t as easy as ABC. Let’s treat it seriously. 3. from A to Z从头至尾；完全

eg.He has mastered his field from A to Z. 4. from A to B从一地到另一地

eg.Mr.Smith is always moving from A to Z.

5. catch/grab some Z’s(漫画中常用Z表示打呼噜)打瞌睡 eg.If you’re tired,grab some Z’s.

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