语法错题

PART ONE 语法错题

3. Typical of the grassland dwellers of the continent __________, or pronghorn.

(A) it is the American antelope (B) the American antelope is (C) is the American antelope (D) the American antelope

答案：C

测试点：倒装句。

分析：Typical of放在句首的句子，要用倒装句。Typical of?短语是表语，应在答案中选择“系动词+主语”的结构，即(C)。

解题要点：遇倒装句在4个答案中寻找以系动词 (be)开始的结构。

16. Not woman held a presidential cabinet position in the United States until 1933, when Frances Perkins became secretary of labor.

答案：A

测试点：否定词。

分析：no，not以及none这三个否定词的用法，常在题中故意混淆。副词not不能修饰名词woman，此外应用形容词no。

解题要点：no或not出现在TOEFL改错题中，应首先考虑其是否正确。

21. Barges which carrier most of the heavy freight on rivers and canals are usually propelled by towing.

答案：A

测试点：词性。

分析：carrier是名词，而此处需要谓语动词。应为carries。

解题要点：名词后缀-er,-or,-tion,-sion等形式出现在TOEFL改错题中，应引起特别注意。 24. It is more difficult to write simply, directly, and effective than to employ flowery but vague expressions that only obscure one’s meaning.

答案：B

测试点：并列结构／词性。

分析：and的前后部分应同词性、同性质，此处应用副词effectively与and前的simply和directly并列，不用形容词effective。

25. Different species of octopuses may measure anywhere from two inches to over thirty feet in long.

答案：D

测试点：词性

分析：表示“在长度方面”固定的说法是in length，不用long。从词性考虑，介词诅后要加名词(1ength),不能加形容词(1ong)。

解题要点；TOEFL考题中表示长(1ong，length),高(high，height),深(deep，depth)等词的名词及其形容词形式常常混淆。

31. Luminescence refers to the emission of light by means another than heat.

答案：C

测试点：other和another的用法。

分析：遇有划线的another或other要加以注意，这两个词常被相互错用。此处应为other。Other than是固定说法，表示“除了，不同于”。

32.In a representative democracy, the people election delegates to an assembly.

答案：C 测试点：词性。

分析：此处需一动词作谓语，而election是名词。解题要点；参见本套考题的第(21)题。 38. Textile art is known for both its tactile and vision qualities.

答案：C

测试点：词性/并列结构。

分析：连词and要求它两边是同词性、同性质的成份。此处and一边是形容词tactile，另一边应当也是形容词visional，不用名词vision。

9. Uniform acceleration occurs __________the rate of change remains the same over

successive and equal intervals of time.

(A) according (B) if (C) with (D) under

答案：B

测试点：连词。

分析：空格前是一完整的主谓结构的句子，空格后的句子是它的状语从句，所缺为引导状语从句的连词。4个答案中只有(B)if是连词。(C)(D)是介词，(A)是副词，均不可连接从句。 11. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of __________reality. (A) what it is conceived (B) that is conceived

(C) what is conceived to be (D) that is being conceived of

答案：C

测试点：名词从句。

分析：介词of后只能接名词宾语或名词性宾语从句。what引导的从句为名词从句，而that引导的从句则不可，接在介词后面，故在(A)(C)中选择。但(A)中what与it重复，故选(C)。且be conceived to be是固定结构。

16. The boiled point of any liquid is determined by the pressure of the surrounding gases.

答案：A

测试点：词形。

分析：“沸点”的固定说法是boiling point，不用boiled。现在分词和过去分词有时会被故意用错，应记住现在分词有“正在进行”的意义，而过去分词则给人“已经完成”的感觉。试比较boiled water(煮开过的水)。

21. On May 20,1932, Amelia Earhart became the first woman fly solo across the Atlantic Ocean.

答案：C

测试点：后置定语。

分析：the first woman后面是定语而不是谓语，不能用动词原形fly，而应用flying，或to fly。解题要点: the first?to do?是TOEFL常考习语。

22. Translated into terms of psychological theory, association has been thought of as the basis of to learn, conditioning, and creative thinking.

答案：C

测试点：词形／并列结构.

分析：介词of后不能加不定式(to learn),而应加动名词。此外，后文and要求两边同词性、同性质，因此，应当用learning与conditioning和thinking并列。

29. Although it is any longer the big business that it was in the forties, radio continues to be a medium of essential communication, especially at the local level.

答案：A

测试点：习语／no和any的用法。

分析：no longer是固定说法，用在肯定句中。any longer则用在否定句和疑问句中。(A)前是肯定的it is，故此处用no longer。

30. The field of dynamics in physics is concerned with a particle’s motion in relation to the forces acting it.

答案：D

测试点：缺词。

分析：act为及物动词时意为“扮演(角色)”，而此处意为“起作”，应为不及物动词，不能直接加宾语。应为acting on／upon it。

33. When overall exports exceed imports, a country said to have a trade surplus.

答案：C

测试点： 习语/被动语态。

分析：看到said to+动词，应想到用的是be said十不定式的结构，表示“被说成是??”。此处缺系动词is。

36. Behavior modification techniques work best with problems that manifest itself in overt actions.

答案：C

测试点：代词数的一致。

分析：代词的人称和数要与它所指代的名词一致。此处指代的是复数名词 problems，代词也要用复数的themselves。

解题要点: 代词的单、复数形式也是TOEFL常考的要点，一定要找到它所指代的名词以确定它们的数是否一致。

37. Because they are generally taken simply to obtain a recognizable and relatively clear image, most nonprofessional photographs demand few equipment.

答案：D

测试点：little和few的用法。

分析：这两个词常见相互错用。equipment是个集合名词，不可数，只能用little修饰，不能用few(few修饰可数名词)。

39. Common to North America, those cinnamon fern is found in wet places.

答案：B

测试点：数的一致。

分析：修饰词，限定词的数要与其中心词一致。fern是单数，前面不能用复数代词those．应为the。

14. The development of mechanical timepieces spurred the search for __________ with

which to regulate them.

(A) more accurate than sundials (B) more accurate sundials (C) sundials more accurately

(D) more accurately than sundials

答案：B

测试点：介词宾语。

分析：介词for后面应接名词性的成份作其宾语。4个答案中只有(B)是以名词sundials作中心词的词组，可作介词宾语。

15. Anthropology is a science __________anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and

techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.

(A) in that (B) that in (C) that (D) in

答案：A

测试点：习语。

分析：空格后面的部分说明Anthropology is a science的原因，而并非修饰它。答案中只有(A)in that表示“因为”，故选(A)。(C)that是错误的。从句子结构上分析这个that无法引导出定语从句，因句中既有主语(anthropologists)又有宾语(asetof?)； 从句意上分析，that后面的部分并不是前面Science的同位语从句。

解题要点：当4个答案中有in that这个短语时，首先要考虑选择它。

21.It has been calculated that the Earth’s circumference around the equator is over forty longer miles than the circumference around the two poles.

答案：D

测试点：词序。

分析：表示数量、程度的形容词(或副词)比较级的正确语序为：数词十量词+比较词+than，即forty miles longer(than…)。

25. The first libraries in the North American colonies was established in Massachusetts in the year 1638.

答案：A

测试点：主谓数的一致。

分析：后文助动词was为单数，说明其主语也应是单数。应为library。注意此处library的单、复数与前面的first无关。

30. How many people remember listening to Orson Welles’1938 radio broadcast. “The War of the Worlds,” Which convince thousands that space aliens had invaded the Earth?

答案：D

测试点：时态。

分析：从句主语which代指的是1938 radio broadcast，谓语动词不能用现在时。convince应为过去时的convinced。(A)(B)remember+动词-ing形式，指“记得曾做过某事”，无误。 33. Jackie Mclean’s recordings have shown that he is one of the few jazz musicians who style A B of playing has kept pace with the evolution of modern jazz.

答案：B

测试点：代词。

分析：名词前面应当用形容词性的代词修饰、限制。此处，名词style前应当用所有格的whose，而不用主格的who。

34. How Native Americans developed corn is a puzzling, for no wild corn has ever been discovered, and it grows only where people plant and tend it.

答案：B

测试点：词性。

分析：看到句中的系动词its应想到其后的a?是表语，此表语由a+名词构成。puzzling是形容词，应用名词puzzle。

36. A good exercise program helps teach people to avoid the habits that might shorten the lives.

答案：D

测试点：冠词／代词。

分析：复数名词在泛指时前面不加任何冠词。lives是复数名词，其意义又并非特指哪些人的生命，故the为多余。或者亦可以用their代替the，与前面的people相呼应。

1. When ---in arctic regions, the Aleuts construct igloos as temporary winter shelters. (A) travel (B) to travel (C) traveling them

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