五层电梯模型PLC控制系统设计

目 录

第1章 引言 ···································································································································································· 1

1.1 设计内容·································································································································································· 1 1.2 设计要求·································································································································································· 1 1.3 设计思路·································································································································································· 1

第2章 系统总体方案分析与设计············································································································· 2

2.1 控制要求·································································································································································· 2 2.2方案分析 ·································································································································································· 2 2.3 方案设计·································································································································································· 2 2.4 设备选型·································································································································································· 2

第3章 PLC控制系统设计 ································································································································ 3

3.1控制要求分析及设计········································································································································ 3 3.1.2确定I/O点数量及PLC类型 ············································································································· 3 3.2 I/O点的分配与编号 ········································································································································ 3 3.3 PLC端子接线图 ··················································································································································· 4 3.4 控制程序编制 ······················································································································································· 5 3.4.1梯形图（见附表） ·································································································································· 5 3.4.2指令表（见附表） ·································································································································· 5

设计总结 ············································································································································································· 6 致谢 ·························································································································································································· 7 附录 梯形图及指令表 ··········································································································································· 8 参考文献 ··········································································································································································· 27

内容摘要

随着我国社会经济的迅猛发展，人民物质文化生活水平日益提高，伴随建筑业的发展，为建筑物内提供上下交通运输的电梯工业也在日新月异地发展着。电梯已不仅是一种生产环节中的重要设备，更是一种人们频繁乘用的交通运输设备。为了确保电梯正常运行、安全使用，必须要了解电梯、管理电梯、维护好电梯。

这次以“五层电梯模型PLC控制系统设计”为题目的课程设计方案基本满足控制要求，可以实现电梯的外呼和内选功能，也实现了层楼显示等一系列要求。

关键词：逻辑控制; 外呼；内选; 停层信号

第1章 引言

1.1 设计内容

五层楼电梯控制系统设计

1.2 设计要求

1、按题意要求，列出PLC I/O地址分配表 2、画出PLC I/O端子接线图 3、完成梯形图控制程序设计 4、完成课程设计说明书

1.3 设计思路

目前，在电梯的控制方式上，主要有继电器控制、PLC控制和微型计算机控制三种。而PlC实际上是一种专用计算机，它采用巡回扫描的方式分时处理各项任务，而且依靠程序运行，这就保证只有正确的程序才能运行，否则电梯不会工作；又由于PLC中的内部辅助继电器及保持继电器等实际上是PLC系统内存工作单元，即无线圈又无触点，使用次数不受限制，属无触点运行，因此，它比继电器控制有着明显的优越性，运行寿命更长，工作更加可靠安全，自动化水平更高。PLC控制是三种控制方式中最具有可靠性、实用性和灵活性的控制方式，它更适合于用在电梯的技术改造和控制系统的更新换代，是电梯控制系统中理想的控制新技术。

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第2章 系统总体方案分析与设计

2.1 控制要求

1、自动响应层楼召唤信号（含上召唤和下召唤） 2、自动响应轿箱服务指令信号 3、自动完成轿箱层楼位置显示 4、自动显示电梯运行方向 5、能够进行运行模式的选择

2.2方案分析

本系统是一个五层电梯的PLC控制系统，利用西门子公司的S7-200可编程逻辑控制器对电动机进行控制，从而实现人们对电梯的控制。本系统具有一定的智能性，即它可以让电梯按人们的要求来运行。

2.3 方案设计

根据控制要求，要实现电梯的控制，如：外呼、内选、停层、信号的登记与消除等。

用2个时间继电器和多个接触器来控制电梯动作，实现电梯的外呼、内选、停层、信号的登记与消除、自动定向、自动开关门等。

2.4 设备选型

需要25个输入和27个输出，故我选择的元器主要有：型号CPU226AC，扩展模块为EM222、EM223。

它的连接形式如图：

图2-1 模块连接图

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第3章 PLC控制系统设计

3.1控制要求分析及设计

3.1.1确定I/O点数量及PLC类型

分析PLC的输入和输出信号,在满足控制要求的前提下,要减少占用PLC的I/O点。

选择PLC型号：该系统需要25个输入新号，27个输出信号，主机选用CPU226AC，扩展模块选用EM222、EM223，内部电源供电，继电器输出。

3.2 I/O点的分配与编号

表3-1 系统I/O分配表

控制信号 元件及信号名称 向上行驶按钮 向下行驶按钮 1～5楼行程开关 1～5楼指令按钮 输入信号 直驶指令 1～4楼上召唤按钮 2～5楼下召唤按钮 正常模式 奇层模式 偶层模式 四层以上模式 开门显示 关门显示 门关闭显示 上行显示 下行显示 输出信号 A～G段发光二极管 1～5楼指令登记显示 1～4楼上召唤登记显示 2～5楼下召唤登记显示 电动机正转线圈 电动机反转线圈 元件符号 SB3 SB4 SQ1～SQ5 SB5～SB9 SB10 1SB1～4SB1 2SB2～5SB2 SB3 SB4 SB5～SB9 SB6 HL22 HL23 HL1 HL24 HL25 HL2～HL8 HL9～HL13 HL14、HL15、HL17、HL19 HL16、HL18、HL20、HL21 KM1 KM2 地址编码 I0.0 I0.1 I0.2～I0.6 I0.7、I1.0～I1.3 I1.4 I1.5、I1.6、I2.0、I2.2 I1.7、I2.1、I2.3、I2.4 I2.5 I2.6 I2.7 I3.0 Q2.5 Q2.6 Q0.0 Q2.7 Q3.0 Q0.1～Q0.7 Q1.0～Q1.4 Q1.5、Q1.6、Q2.0、Q2.2 Q1.7、Q2.1、Q2.3、Q2.4 Q3.1 Q3.2

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