蚯蚓活性组分对四氯化碳诱导小鼠内质网应激所致急性肝损伤的保护

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蚯蚓活性组分对四氯化碳诱导小鼠内质网应激所致急性肝

损伤的保护作用

[摘要]?研究旨在探讨蚯蚓活性组分(EWAs)对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导小鼠内质网应激(ERS)所致急性肝损伤的保护作用。腹腔注射10ìl4制备内质网应激所致急性肝损伤模型;血清生化指标检测ALT,AST,SOD,GSHPX酶活性及MDA含量变化;计算肝、脾指数;HE染色观察肝脏病理学变化;TUNEL法检测肝组织细胞凋亡情况;免疫组织化学法检测ERS标志性蛋白GRP78和CHOP表达情况;Western blot法检测ERS相关蛋白的表达水平。结果显示,与模型组小鼠相比,EWAs的高、中、低剂量组血清学各项指标均有显著改善(P<005或P<001),肝脏病变范围减小,且损伤程度明显减轻,小鼠肝脏指数和脾脏指数均有明显变化(P<005或P<001);各剂量给药组的肝组织细胞凋亡指数明显下降(P<005或P<001);肝组织中ERS相关蛋白GRP78和CHOP表达水平显著降低(P<005或P<001),各剂量给药组均能显著下调GRP78和CHOP以及CHOP上游信号通路PERKeIF2αATF4的蛋白表达(P<005或P<001)。综上,EWAs对ERS所致的小鼠急性肝损伤具有显著保护作用,其机制可能通过抑制氧化应激和ERS,从而减轻肝脏损伤,并可下调ERS标志性凋亡蛋白CHOP表达,抑制细胞凋亡实现的。

[关键词]蚯蚓活性组分; 内质网应激; 肝损伤; GRP78; CHOP

[Abstract]To study the protective effect of earthworm active ingredients(EWAs) against endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)induced acute liver injury in mice. The model of liver injury was induced through intraperitoneal injection of 10ìl4. Serum glutamicpyruvic transaminase(ALT), glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase(AST), superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPX) activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) concentration were detected by colorimetric method. Histological examination was performed through hematoxylineosin staining and light microscopy, and apoptosis was detected using terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling. The expressions of ERS related proteins, including glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78), protein kinase Rlike ER kinase(PERK), eukaryotic transcription initiation factor 2α(eIF2α), active transcription factor4(ATF4) and CCAAT/enhancer binding homologous protein(CHOP), were measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. According to the results, compared with the model group,serological indexes in

the high, middle and low doses of EWAs were significantly improved (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the extent of liver lesion was decreased and the degree of injury was significantly reduced, and that the liver index and the spleen index of mice were significantly changed(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In liver tissue, the expressions of GRP78 and CHOP were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The protein expressions of GRP78, CHOP and its upstream signaling pathway PERKeIF2ATF4 were significantly decreased in each dose group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In summary, EWAs has a significant protective effect on ERSinduced acute liver injury, and its mechanism may be correlated with the inhibition of oxidative stress and ERS, and downregulation of ERS marker protein CHOP expression, andinhibition of apoptosis.

[Key words]EWAs; ERS; liver injury; GRP78; CHOP 肝脏疾病是影响人类健康最为常见的疾病之一,从传统中药或食物中寻找有效部位或有效成分治疗肝脏疾病已成为目前研究的热点[1]。蚯蚓是一种平肝潜阳的传统中药,《神农本草经》上记载该药性味咸、寒,归肝、脾、膀胱经。现代研究发现蚯蚓具有调节免疫系统、肝脏和肾脏功能、心血管系统、抗肿瘤和抗氧化作用等[2]。本课题组前期研究发现,蚯蚓活性组分(earthworm active ingredients,EWAs)对衣霉

素诱导的内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)所致的L02细胞(人正常肝细胞系)损伤具有显著的保护作用,可以促进受损细胞的增殖,减轻ERS,抑制ERS所介导的细胞凋亡[3]。本研究旨在探讨EWAs对四氯化碳(CCl4)诱导小鼠ERS所致急性肝损伤是否有保护作用及其可能作用机制。 1材料

11药品与试剂EWAs是本实验室由新鲜冰冻蚯蚓(赤子爱胜蚯蚓)获得[4],储存于-20 ℃,黄白色絮状物,易溶于水,含多肽(75%),多糖(17%),维生素D和无机盐(如钙和磷);谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)试剂盒均购于南京建成生物工程研究所;TUNEL试剂盒(美国Roche公司);兔IgG免疫组化试剂盒(博士德生物工程有限公司);双链RNA活化蛋白激酶样内质网激酶(protein kinase Rlike ER kinase,PERK)、活化转录因子 4(active transcription factor4,ATF4)抗体(美国Santa Cruz公司);真核转录起始因子2α(eukaryotic transcription initiation factor 2α,eIF2α),CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白(CCAAT/enhancer binding homologousprotein,CHOP)抗体(美国Proteintech Group公司);葡萄糖调节蛋白78(glucose regulated protein 78,GRP78)抗体(美国Abcam公司)。

12动物清洁级健康昆明种小鼠,雄性,由华中科技大学同济医学院实验动物中心提供,许可证号SCXK(鄂)20100007。 2方法

21急性肝损伤模型建立及给药方案将50只健康雄性小鼠随机分为5组,正常组、模型组、EWAs低剂量组(EWAsL,3 mg?kg-1?d-1)、EWAs中剂量组(EWAsM,6 mg?kg-1?d-1)、EWAs高剂量组(EWAsH,12 mg?kg-1?d-1)。实验前适应性喂养1周。正常组和模型组每天皮下注射等体积生理盐水,给药组皮下注射不同剂量EWAs,连续10 d。末次给药8 h后,除正常组外,其余组腹腔注射10ìl4[5]大豆油溶液(001 mL?g-1),禁食不禁水,24 h后,摘眼球取血,脱臼处死,摘取肝脏及脾脏,称重。

22生化指标检测摘眼球取血,离心(3 000 r?min-110 min),取血清,按照相关试剂盒说明测定ALT,AST,MDA,GSHPX和SOD含量。

23肝脏、脾脏指数计算肝脏指数(mg?g-1)=肝脏质量(mg)/体重(g),脾脏指数(mg?g-1)=脾脏质量(mg)/体重(g)。

24HE及免疫?M织化学染色取肝脏组织相同部位固定于10%甲醛溶液中,石蜡包埋,4 μm切片,HE染色后,光学显微镜下观察组织病理变化。免疫组织化学染色程序:脱蜡,

鼠ERS所致急性肝损伤的保护作用及可能作用机制,为深入研究急性肝损伤发生机制提供了新的参考,也为蚯蚓活性组分最终作为一类保肝药物在临床上应用奠定了实验基础。 [参考文献]

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