2011年广州市中考语文+英语+数学试题与答案

2011年广州市初中毕业生学业考试

一、选择题（每小题3分，共30分） 1.四个数-5，-0.1，

12

，3中为无理数的是（ ）

12

A. -5 B. -0.1 C. D. 3

2.已知□ABCD的周长为32，AB=4，则BC=（ ）

A. 4 B. 121 C. 24 D. 28

3.某车间5名工人日加工零件数分别为6，10，4，5，4，则这组数据的中位数是( ) A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 10

4.将点A（2，1）向左平移2个单位长度得到点A ，则点A 的坐标是（ ） A. （0，1） B. （2，-1） C. （4，1） D. （2，3） 5.下列函数中，当x>0时，y值随x值增大而减小的是（ ） A.y x2 B. y x 1 C. y

34

x D. y

1x

6.若a<c<0<b，则abc与0的大小关系是（ ） A. abc<0 B. abc=0 C. abc>0 D. 无法确定 7.下面的计算正确的是（ ）

A. 3x2 4x2 12x2 B. x3 x5 x15 C. x4 x x3 D. (x5)2 x7

8.如图所示，将矩形纸片先沿虚线AB按箭头方向向右对折，接着对折后的纸片沿虚线CD向下对折，然后．．．．剪下一个小三角形，再将纸片打开，则打开后的展开图是（ ）

9.当实数x的取值使得x 2有意义时，函数y=4x+1中y的取值范围是（ ） A.y≥-7 B. y≥9 C. y>9 D. y≤9

10.如图，AB切⊙O于点B，OA=23，AB=3，弦BC//OA，则劣弧BC的弧长为（ ）

（

A.

33

B.

32

C. D.

32

二、填空题：（每小题3分，共18分） 11.9的相反数是______

12.已知 =260，则 的补角是______度。 13.方程

1x

3x 2

的解是

______

OA =20cm，14.如图，以点O为位似中心，将五边形ABCDE放大后得到五边形A B C D E ，已知OA=10cm，

则五边形ABCDE的周长与五边形A B C D E 的周长的比值是______ 15.已知三条不同的直线a、b、c在同一平面内，下列四条命题： ①如果a//b，a⊥b，那么b⊥c； ②如果b//a，c//a，那么b//c；

③如果b⊥a，c⊥a ，那么b⊥c；④如果b⊥a，c⊥a ，那么b//c. 其中真命题的是_________。（填写所有真命题的序号） 16.定义新运算“ ”，a b

13

a 4b，则12 ( 1)=________。

三、解答题（本大题共9大题，满分102分） 17.（9分）解不等式组

18. （9分）如图，AC是菱形ABCD的对角线，点E、F分别在边AB、AD上，且AE=AF。求证：△ACE≌△

ACF

19. （10分）分解因式：8(x2-2y2)-x(7x+y)+xy

20. （10分）5个棱长为1的正方体组成如图的几何体。 （1）该几何体的体积是_________(立方单位) 表面积是_________(平方单位) （2）画出该几何体的主视图和左视图。

正面

C

A

F

D

x 1 3 2x 1 0

21.(12分)某商店5月1日举行促销优惠活动，当天到该商店购买商品有两种方案，方案一：用168元购买

会员卡成为会员后，凭会员卡购买商店内任何商品，一律按商品价格的8折优惠；方案二：若不购买会员卡，则购买商店内任何商品，一律按商品价格的9.5折优惠。已知小敏5月1日前不是该商店的会员。

（1）若小敏不购买会员卡，所购买商品的价格为120元时，实际应支付多少元？ （2）请帮小敏算一算，所购买商品的价格在什么范围时，采用方案一更合算？

22.（12分）某中学九年级（3）班50名学生参加平均每周上网时间的调查，由调查结果绘制了频数分布

直方图，根据图中信息回答下列问题： （1）求a的值；

（2）用列举法求以下事件的概率：从上网时间在6～10小时的5名学生中随机选取2人，其中至少有1．．

人的上网时间在8～10小时。

23.（12分）已知Rt△ABC的斜边AB在平面直角坐标系的x轴上，点C(1,3)在反比例函数y=

且sin∠BAC=

35

kx

的图象上，

。

（1）求k的值和边AC的长；（2）求点B的坐标。

24.（14分）已知关于x的二次函数y=ax+bx+c(a>0)的图象经过点C(0,1)，且与x轴交于不同的两点A、

B，点A的坐标是（1，0） （1）求c的值；

（2）求a的取值范围；

（3）该二次函数的图象与直线y=1交于C、D两点，设A、B、C、D四点构成的四边形的对角线相交于点

P，记△PCD的面积为S1，△PAB的面积为S2，当0<a<1时，求证：S1- S2为常数，并求出该常数。

25. （14分）如图7，⊙O中AB是直径，C是⊙O上一点，∠ABC=450，等腰直角三角形DCE中∠DCE是直

角，点D在线段AC上。 （1）证明：B、C、E三点共线；

（2）若M是线段BE的中点，N是线段AD的中点，证明：MN=2OM；

（3）将△DCE绕点C逆时针旋转 （00< <900）后，记为△D1CE1（图8），若M1是线段BE1的中点，N1是

线段AD1的中点，M1N1=2OM1是否成立？若是，请证明：若不是，说明理由。

2

2011年广州市中考数学试题答案

一、选择题

1、D 2、B 3、B 4、A 5、D 6、C 7、C 8、D 9、B 10、A

二、填空题

11、﹣9； 12、154； 13、x 1； 14、1︰2； 15、①②④； 16、8。

三、解答题

17、解：解不等式①，得 x 4 解不等式②，得 x ∴ 不等式组的解集为

1212

x 4

18、证明：∵ AC是菱形ABCD的对角线 ∴ ∠CAE=∠CAF 在△ACE和△ACF中

AE=AF，∠CAE=∠CAF，AC=AC ∴ △ACE≌△ACF

19、解：8 x2 2y2 x 7x y xy

＝8x2 16y2 7x2 xy xy ＝x2 16y2＝ x 4y x 4y

20、解：(1)5，20；（2）

21、解：(1)实际应支付：120×0.95＝114（元）

(2) 设所购商品的价格为x元，依题意得

主视图左视图

168＋0.8x＜0.95x 解得 x＞1120

∴ 当所购商品的价格高于1120元时，选方案一更合算。

22、解：(1) a 50 6 25 3 2 14

(2)将上网时间在6~8小时的3人记为A、B、C，上网时间在8~10小时的2人记为D、E，从中选

取2人的所有情况为（A、B）、（A、C）、（A、D）、（A、E）、（B、C）、（B、D）、（B、E）、（C、D）、

（C、E）、（D、E）共10种等可能的结果，其中至少有一人上网时间在在8~10小时的有（A、D）、（A、E）、（B、D）、（B、E）、（C、D）、（C、E）、（D、E）这7种，所以至少有一人上网时间在在8~10小时的概率为0.7。

23、解：(1)∵点A（1,3）在反比例函数y ∴ k xy 1 3 3 作CD⊥AB于点D，所以CD＝3 在Rt△ACD中，sin∠BAC=∴

35

3AC

CDAC

kx

的图像上

，

，解得 AC=5

(2) 在Rt△ACD

中，AD cos∠BAC=

ADAC

45

4

ACAB

如图1，在在Rt△ACD中，cos∠BAC= ∴ AB

ACcos BAC

，

254

4

5 ∴ AO AD OD 4 1 3

2513 3 OB AB OA 44

∴ 点B的坐标为

13

,0 4

如图2，∴ AO AD OD 4 1 5 OB AB OA

254 5

54

BOD图2

A

∴ 点B的坐标为

5

,0 4

2

24、解：(1)将点C（0，1）代入y ax bx c得 c 1

（2）由(1)知y ax bx 1，将点A（1，0）代入得 a b 1 0， ∴ b a 1 ∴ 二次函数为y ax a 1 x 1

22

2

C

O

A

D

∵二次函数为y ax a 1 x 1的图像与x轴交于不同的两点

22

a 1 4a a 2a 1 4a a 2a 1 a 1 ∴ 0，而

2

2

∴ a的取值范围是 a 0且a 1

(3)证明： ∵ 0 a 1

∴ 对称轴为x

a 12a

a 12a

1

∴ AB 2a 1

1 a

a 1 2

a把y 1代入y ax2

a 1 x 1得 ax2

a 1 x 0，解得 x1 a1 0,x2

a

∴ CD

1 aa

∴ S1 S2 S PCD S PAB S ACD S CAB ＝12

CD OC 12 AB OC ＝

11 a2

1 a2

1

12

a

1＝1

∴S1 S2为常数，这个常数为1。

25、（1）证明：∵ AB是⊙O的直径 ∴ ∠ACB=90° ∵ ∠DCE=90°

∴∠ACB＋∠DCE=180°

∴ B、C、E三点共线。

(2)证明：连接ON、AE、BD，延长BD交AE于点F ∵ ∠ABC=45°，∠ACB=90°

∴ BC=AC，又∠ACB=∠DCE=90°，DC=EC ∴ △BCD≌△ACE

∴ BD=AE，∠DBC=∠CAE

∴∠DBC＋∠AEC=∠CAE＋∠AEC=90° ∴ BF⊥AE

∵ AO=OB，AN=ND ∴ ON=

12BD，ON∥BD

∵ AO=OB，EM=MB

∴ OM=

12

AE，OM∥AE

∴ OM=ON，OM⊥ON

∴ ∠OMN=45°，又 cos∠OMN=OMMN

∴

MN

(3) M1N1 1成立，证明同（2）。

AO

B

AO1F

B

1

2011年广州市中考英语试题

VI．单项填空(共28小题，每小题1分）

36. The boys arrived late at the cinema, and the start of the film. A. caught B. missed C. got D. lost 37. —Guess, how much does it cost?

—I think it costs 15 and 20 dollars.

A. from B. between C. among D. with

38. As we know, some people are good at but bad at giving back. A. lending B. keeping C. borrowing D. using 39. —Why couldn't you the correct spelling of the word? —Err. . . I hadn't got a Chinese-English dictionary at hand. A. look for B. look down C. look up D. look at

40. —You look very tired this morning. What did you do yesterday afternoon? —I did Christmas shopping.

A. a lot of B. a few of C. a number of D. a piece of 41. —Would you mind looking after my dog while I'm on holiday?

— .

A. Of course not B. Yes. I'd be happy to C. Not at all. I've no time D. Yes, please 42. —What can I do for you?

—

A. Yes, you can give a skirt to me B. I'd like a skirt C. No, I can do it myself D. I can do what I want 43. After school we usually play basketball for half an hour on playground. A. the; the B. 不填;不填 C. 不填; the D. the;不填

44. Each of us has to write a report every two weeks.

A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-wordC. two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words 45. —Which would you like to drink, coffee or orange juice? — . Please give me a cup of tea.

A. Neither B. Both C. A11 D. None

46. An old friend of my sister's always helps my brother and with English. A. I; our B. me; ourselves C. I; my D. me; our 47. The little boy ate a big meal he said he wasn't hungry. A. if B. though C. because D. as 48. —What do you like doing after class? —I like not only reading painting.

A. and B. but also C. or D. for

49. We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so . A. well B. nice C. wonderfully D. nicely 50. The letter from my uncle was short. There wasn't news. A. many B. a few C. much D. few

51. The boy doesn't speak his sister, but his written work is very good.

A. as well as B. so good as C. more better than D. more worse than 52. —When did your uncle arrive China?

—He got to Guangzhou the morning of the 16th of April. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on

53. The food my country is quite different that here. A. in; like B. to; from C. from; to D. in; from

A. How long B. What a long C. How a long D. What long 55. — I take some photos in the hall? —No, you .

A. Can; needn't B. Must ; mustn't

C. Could; won't D. May; mustn't

56. —What is the weather like this summer here? —There very little rain.

A. has B. has been C. are D. have been 57. If you carefully, you the report well.

A. will listen; will be understood B. will listen; understand C. listen; will understand D. listen; understand 58. They about eight hundred English words by the end of last term.

A. will learn B. had learned C. are going to learn D. have learned 59. Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ?

A. where is the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where

60. —How did the accident happen?

—You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because it .

A. was; was raining B. is; has rained C. is; is raining D. will be; will rain 61. —Hi, Tom! Can you tell me when for London? —Yes, tomorrow afternoon.

A. leaving B. leaves C. to leave D. are you leaving

62. Don't worry. All the children by the nurses.

A. are well taken care of B. take good care of C. are taken good care D. take good care 63. Have you your new classmates yet?

A. had friends with B. made friend with C. got friend to D. made friends with VII．完形填空（共10个空格，每个空格1分）

先通读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从下面四个答案中选择可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案

Peter and Paul passed by a small house on their way home late at night. They saw thick 64 coming out of its windows. "It's on fire!" said Peter. "We must get help. "

The two brothers ran 65 the road shouting "Fire! Fire! "They 66 on the door of the next house. They asked them to 67 the police and the firemen.

They ran back to the house. They saw 68 the window an old lady sitting in an arm-chair. It was 69 that she could not move. Peter and Paul tried hard to carry her out of the 70 and so they did! Some neighbours (邻居) came and helped take some things out.

In no time the firemen 71 as well as the policemen. The fire was put out. The old lady cried sadly 72 she was not hurt. She thanked Peter and Paul and her neighbours 73 . 64. A. snow 65. A. over 66. A. knocked

B. clouds C. fire D. smoke B. along C. at D. with B. beat C. locked

D. opened

67. A. tell B. report C. telephone D. find 68. A. at B. through C. above D. on 69. A. old 70. A. arm-chair

B. difficult C. free D. clear B. window C. house D. road

71. A. arrived B. fought C. left D. returned 72. A. so B. for C. and D. but

73. A. up and down B. again and again C. hour after hour D. from side to side VIII．阅读理解（共12小题，每小题1分）

阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

On 26th January, the biggest earthquake (地震) in India took the lives of 25, 000 people. In the morning, when everybody was enjoying holiday, earthquake began. It was about 7. 5 on the Ritcher scale. "There is nothing left between the sky and the earth any more. Everything has been pulled down, " said one of the villagers alive. "There is no water, no food and no one has come to help. "

Nobody died in Pakistan, a country next to India. The City of Lahore was lucky. In Lahore American School, where I was studying, all of the students were safe. They were on the field, so most children didn't feel anything. The earthquake was felt by the teachers that were on the second floor. However, though Mrs Young was also on the second floor, she didn't feel anything. She didn't know what happened until a teacher told her about it. Those teachers who were on the other floors had different feelings. Mr Emond, the maths teacher from Australia, said that when the earthquake started he thought there was something wrong with him, but then another teacher said that it was an earthquake. After those words Mr Emond felt better. Mrs Davis and Mr Frost didn't feel anything either.

My mother didn't feel anything. She didn't even know that it was an earthquake till she saw a shaking (moving from side to side) light. My dad saw the computer shaking and then he looked out of the window and saw many people going out.

74. People use "Ritcher scale" to tell . A. where the earthquake takes place B. when the earthquake takes place C. how serious the earthquake is D. how long the earthquake lasts

75. We learn that from the sentence " There is nothing left between the sky and the earth any more. " A. India is a large country

B. the Indian people had nothing after the earthquake C. there is no tall building in India D. the earthquake in India was serious 76. The City of Lahore is .

A. in India B. in America 77. Which is true?

C. in Pakistan D. in Australia

A. I was with my parents when the earthquake happened.

B. The earthquake in the city of Lahore wasn't serious.

C. People in the City of Lahore were frightened when they knew it was an earthquake. D. The teachers in Lahore American School were afraid of the earthquake. (B)

When you cut your skin, you bleed(流血). If a person loses a lot of blood, he will become ill and may die. Blood is very important. People have always known that. At one time, some people even drank blood to make them strong!

When doctors understand how blood goes around inside the body, they try ways of giving blood to people who need it. They take blood from the healthy people and give it to people who need it. This is called " blood transfusion". The blood goes from the arm of the healthy person into the arm of the sick person.

But there are two problems. First, it does not always work. Sometimes people die when they have blood transfusion. Later, doctors find that we do not all have the same kind of blood. There are four groups—O, A, B and AB. We all have blood of one of these groups. They also find that they can give any kind of blood to people of group AB. But they find that they must give A-group blood to A-group people and B-group blood to B-group people. I have O-group blood and the doctor told me that I could give blood to anyone else safely.

There is another problem. To give blood of the right kind, doctors have to find a person of the right blood group. Often they can not find a person in time. If they have a way to keep the blood until someone needs it, they can always have the right kind of blood. At first they find they can keep it in bottles for fifteen to twenty days. They

for a very long time.

We call a place where we keep money a "bank". We call a place where we keep blood a "blood bank". One day, when you grow up, you may decide to give blood to a "blood bank". In this way you may stop someone from dying. Or perhaps one day you may become ill. You may need blood. The "blood ban" will give it to you. 78.From the passage, we learn that sometimes people die when they have blood transfusions because they .

A. are unhealthy peopleB.have lost a lot of bloodC.are not given the right kind of bloodD. are AB-group people 79. Which of the following is true?

A. Doctors can give any kind of blood to the writer. B. The writer can give blood to B-group people.

C. The writer has never had a blood transfusion. D. The writer has the same kind of blood as his father. 80. People set up the "blood bank" so that they can .

A. give the right kind of blood to the people who need it in timeB. keep different groups of blood as much as possibleC. make it easier to sell or buy blood D. keep blood for more than twenty hundred years

81. From the last paragraph (段落) of the passage, we learn that .

A. the writer thinks it's good to give blood to a "blood bank"B. we may become ill if we give blood to a "blood bank" C. many people died because they lost a lot of blood D. blood is more important than money 82. The writer doesn't talk about in the passage.

A. how important blood is to us B. the four groups of blood C. where the blood bank isD. what "blood transfusion" is (C)

"I don't like my parents. They always tell me I should do this, and should not do that. It sometimes makes me angry," said Zhang Hua , a middle school student in Guangzhou. Do you have the same problem? Perhaps your parents had the same problem when they were your age long ago. Why does it seem that some parents are not so friendly in their children's eyes?

One of the biggest things is when someone becomes a parent, he/she likes worrying things. They worry about everything about you, from the time you were born. They do a lot for you, though something would make you angry, because they care about you and worry about you. They worry about your choice of friends, the food you eat, your work at school, how much sleep you get, etc. All these things are part of your life. They want you to grow up healthily and happily.

So how can you make things easier on yourself? It's easier than you think. Just make sure your parents know what you're doing. Get them to know your friends. Phone if you stay somewhere else so that your parents don't call every hospital in the phone book looking for your body. Say sorry to them when you make mistakes. Take responsibility(责任) for what you have done. Talk about your ideas with them. They may talk about theirs with you.

Most of all, try to think about why your parents do this or do that. They are still practising being parents and need help you can give them. Someday, when you become a parent, they may be able to help you how to get on with your children.

83. The writer thinks we should if we go back home later than usual.

A. tell our friends B. tell the teacher C. say sorry to our parents D. make a telephone call to our parents 84. The writer thinks .

A. it's wrong of parents to worry about their children too much B. some parents are unfriendly, which makes their children angry

C. children should do everything as their parents say

D. parents love their children very much and the children should understand them 85. Which is the best title(标题) for the passage?

A. Parents' Responsibility B. How to get on with parents?

C. Zhang Hua's Problem D. What are parents worrying about?

用所给的单词的适当形式填空，使句子意思完整通顺，每条横线限填一个单词。 1. 1 couldn't understand why he was so (interest) in the invitation. 2. He did the work very ( care). Everybody said he had done a good job. 3. I met an old friend of (I) in the Summer Palace last Sunday.

4. Many new (potato) will grow from one potato planted in the ground. 5. We hope it will be (sun) tomorrow, for our picnic.

X．句型变换（共6小题，20格，每格0．5分）按要求变换句型，每格只准填写一个单词。 6. The Smiths usually have supper at half past six.

The Smiths usually have supper at half past six, ? 7. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.

The broken pottery at once. 8. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating too. Jim wants to go boating, and his parents. 9. They enjoyed themselves at the garden party.

They at the garden party. 10. The Indian old lady no longer lived there.

The Indian old lady live there .

11. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldn't skate on it.

The ice on the lake was not enough people . XI．补全对话（共 15格，每格1分）

在下面对话的空格内填上一个适当的词，使对话意思完整，语句正确。 (A)

A: Mum, I shall not have lunch at home today. B: Why not, Linda?

A: I want to go to the pet(宠物) shops at noon with my classmates. Most of the students in our class have their own pets. Mum, as you know, I 12 got a pet yet. B: What 13 of pet do you want to have? A: A dog 14 a cat. I haven't decided yet.

B: You'd better not keep a dog in our flat. It would make much noise. And a dog has to go out every day, and there isn't a 15 near our building. And the dog food is expensive.

A: Then I'll have a cat. Cats are cheaper than dogs, and they are quiet, too. B: Yes, cats are easier to 16 (B)

A: Huang Hai, why do you look so tired and worried today?

B: I got up very early this morning as my family has moved to a new building. The new flat(套间) is much 17 than the old one.

A: Congratulations! You've moved to a new flat!

B:Thanks. But it's about ten kilometres from my new house to the school. It takes me a longer time to go to school. The population of Guangzhou is 18 very fast, you see. But there is not enough space for us to build new buildings in the city centre. Most of the new buildings have to be built in the places 19 away from the city centre.

A: I quite 20 with you. And people spend more money and more time on their way to work.

B: What's more, the traffic will be heavier and the air will be 21 because there are more and more buses and cars. So the population problem may be one of the serious problems of the world today. (C)

A: Huang Xumei, I'm glad you can come for our Thanksgiving(感恩节) dinner.

B: Thanks for 22 me, Helen. Why do you call it dinner when we are eating at noon?

B: Is that a chicken? It's so big!

A: No, it's a turkey(火鸡). It's 24 bigger than a chicken.

B: Why do Americans and Canadians celebrate (庆祝)Thanksgiving?

A: It's 25 your Mid-autumn Festival. In China, families get together and enjoy looking at the bright, round 26 In America and Canada, families get together to celebrate the harvest(收获).

B: So we each have an autumn festival. Something is the same in China, America and Canada. XII ．综合填空（共10格，每格1分）

根据短文内容填入适当的单词，使短文的意思完整，每格限填写一个英语单词，要求开头第一个字母与所给的字母相同。在填写答案时，单词开头的第一个字母要写出来。 Dear Tom,

Are you surprised to hear from me? I have not heard from you s 27 the beginning of the summer h 28 . How are you getting on with your s 29 ? How are your parents? Is your brother Bill b 30 f 31 Canada yet?

My stamp collection (集邮) is g 32 bigger and bigger. I have collected stamps of more than forty d 33 countries. In my stamp books, I usually put the stamps from each country together. I have got a pen-friend from Britain. She gave me some B 34 stamps. My American teacher has given me some beautiful American and Canadian stamps. I'm glad to know you are going to give me some foreign stamps, but I still have not r 35 the stamps of Nepal which you said to p 36 me. Have you sent them off yet? Please write to me soon. Yours,

Zhou Wen

XIII．看图写话(共6空格，第38、39、40、41格，每格1分；第37和第42格，每格3分） 请根据图示的内容，把故事情节补充完整，要求语句通顺、全文意思连贯。 注意：1．第37格要求至少写出两个完整的句子；

2．第38、39、40、41格要求将句子补充完整，单词数不限；

3．第42格要求将 You’d better 补充完整后，再至少写出一个完整的句子。

It was Christmas Day. My friends came to my house. 37 How time flied! It was time for us to exchange(交换) our Christmas presents. I went to my bedroom to get the presents. When I went into the room, to my surprise,

I found my friend Ben 38 my diary. It was impolite to do that! But Ben was laughing! I was 39 that I was about to cry. Ben felt a bit sorry when he found me standing 40 him. I hated him and shouted at him. He went out of my room at once and went home without saying goodbye to any of us. One of my best friends Amy asked me why Ben 41 so early. I told her what had just happened. She seemed to know what I should do. She said to me, " Don't shout at him. You'd better 42 . " 2011广州市中考英语试卷答案（绝密） 第I卷 听力部分答案略 笔试部分 五、语音

26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 37. B 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. C 六、单项填空

36. B 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. A 47. A 42. B 43. C 44. A 45. A 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. C 57. A 52. D 53. D 54. B 55. D 56. B 57. C 58. B 59. C 60. A 61. C 62. C 63. D 七、完形填空

八、阅读理解

74. C 75. B 76. C 77. B 78. C 79. B 80. A 81. A 82. C 83. D 84. D 85. B 第Ⅱ卷

一、1. interested 2. carefully 3. mine 4. potatoes

5. sunny 二、句型转换

6. don't they 7. must be thrown away 8. so do 9. had a good time 10. didn't, any longer 11. thick, for. to skate on

三、补全对话

A. 12. haven't 13. kind 14. or 75. dog 16. keep/ raise/breed B. 17. bigger/larger 18. growing 19. far 20. agree 21. dirty C. 22. inviting 23. meal 24. much 25. like 26. moon 四、综合填空

27. since 28. holidays 29. sister/sisters 30. back

31. from 32. getting 33. different 34. Building 35. received 五、看图写话 参考句：

37. We danced and sang together. We enjoyed ourselves very much. 38. was reading 39. so angry

40. in front of

41. went back/home/away

42. pardon him/get on well with him/say sorry to him 36. post

广东省广州市2011年初中毕业生学业考试语文卷 第一部分 积累与运用(共34分)

一、(6小题，19分)

1．下列词语中，加点字的读音全都正确的一组是 (3分) A．峰峦luán 菜畦wā 静谧mì 芊 芊细草qiān B．斑斓lán 商酌zhuó 琐屑xiè 亘古不变héng C．簇新cú 取缔dì 追溯sǜ 影影绰绰chuò D．藩篱pān 剽悍piāo 蜷伏juǎn 断壁残垣yuán 2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是 (3分) A．蓬篙 苦心孤诣 匍匐 云云众生 B．荫蔽 历尽心血 深邃 断张取义 C．博击 跚跚来迟 狼藉 格物致知 D．懊悔 销声匿迹 怪诞 人情练达

3．依次填入下列句子横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是 (3分)

①全长仅600多米的文德路上，文化商肆林立，卖古玩、字画、书籍和文房四宝的商 铺____________，成行成市。(鳞次栉比 星罗棋布)

②亚运期间，志愿者热心服务大众，他们既能详细地为游客提供各类场馆的介绍，又 能__________地向大家讲解场馆各自的特点。(栩栩如生 绘声绘色)

③广州沙面随处可见的古榕树大多___________相仿，它们虽然都经历了一百多年的风风雨 雨，现在依然挺拔葱茏，生机盎然。(年纪 年龄)

A．鳞次栉比 绘声绘色 年龄 B．星罗棋布 绘声绘色 年纪 C．鳞次栉比 栩栩如生 年纪 D．星罗棋布 栩栩如生 年龄

4．下面语段中，没有语病的一组句子是 (3分) ①生活在计算机时代的人们发现，“离开电脑不会写字了”，“有些字认是认得，就是 写不出”。②随着电脑输入法功能的日益强大，让许多人在键盘上敲字的速度也“飞”了 起来。⑨会打字，但不会写字，这成为当今电脑一族患上了“怪病”。④越来越多的人担 忧，这样下去会导致书写能力的退化，出现一群只会看不会写的新“文盲”。 A．①② B．②③ c．③④ D．①④

5．准确说明下面图片中“骑楼”建筑外形特点的一项是 (3分)

A．骑楼，是楼房伸出遮盖人行道的中空部分，在马路一边相互连接，形成沿街长廊。 B．骑楼，是串通连接跨越马路而建的建筑物，在马路两边相互连接，形成沿街廊道。 C．骑楼，作为大城市的商业化的产物，它为广州的商业文化发展做出了特殊的贡献。 D．骑楼，源于古希腊，二十世纪初传入广州，为广州的商业发展做出了伟大的贡献。 6．联系上下文，在横线上依次填写恰当的语句。(4分)

什么是美?不同的观察会有不同的收获。沉稳的静景是凝固的美，欢快的动景是流 动的美；_____________________，优雅的曲线是婉转的美；喧闹的城市是繁华的 美，_____________________。只要你有一双发现美的眼睛，有一颗感悟美的心灵， 生活中处处都有美。 二、(2小题，15分) 7．古诗文默写(10分)

(1)根据课本，下列古诗文默写正确的两项是 (4分)

A．谁家暗飞玉笛声，散入春风满洛城。此夜曲中闻折柳，何人不起故园情。

B．货恶其弃于地也，不必藏于己；力恶其不出于身也，不必为己。

C．蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。鸢飞戾天者，窥谷忘反；经纶世务者，望峰息心。 D．相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残。春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡烛成灰泪始干。 E．田家少闲月，五月人倍忙。夜来南风起，小麦覆陇黄。

F．得道者多助，失道者寡助。多助之至，天下顺之。寡助之至，亲戚畔之。

①中无杂树，____________，落英缤纷。 (陶渊明《桃花源记》) ②岸芷汀兰，______________。 (范仲淹《岳阳楼记》)

③_______________ ，落花时节又逢君。(《江南逢李龟年》)

④八百里分麾下炙，____________，沙场秋点兵。(辛弃疾《破阵子为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》) ⑤______________ ，阿房一炬，当时奢侈今何处? (张养浩《山坡羊骊山怀古》) ⑥举杯邀明月，____________。(李白《月下独酌》) (3)根据语境，在横线上填入古诗词名句。

[说明：①题为必答题，2分。②题为加分题，2分。加分后第7小题不超过10分。]

①描写同样的景物，古代文人往往有许多意境相似的妙笔，同样是写春雨，杜甫《春夜 喜雨》)中的诗句“__________,____________，’便与韩愈《早春呈水部张十八员外》中的“天街小雨润如酥”有异曲同工之妙。

②毕业留言本上，我们既可以用高适《别董大》)中的诗句“莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君?”来勉励同窗，也可以用王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》中的诗句“_____________ _____，_________________________”来互相鼓励。 8．根据课本，解释下面文言句子中加点词的意义。(5分) (1)士别三日，即更刮目相待。(《孙权劝学》)

(2)自三峡七百里中，两岸连山，略无阙处。(《三峡》) (3)此则岳阳楼之大观也，前人之述备矣。(《岳阳楼记》) (4)闻寡人之耳者，受下赏。(《邹忌讽齐王纳谏) (5)惩山北之塞，出入之迂也。(《愚公移山》) 第二部分 阅读与鉴赏(共56分) 二、(4小题，16分)

阅读下面的文段，完成9--11题。 秦王使人谓安陵君曰：“寡人欲以五百里之地易安陵，安陵君其许寡人!”安陵君曰： “大王加惠，以大易小，甚善；虽然，受地于先王，愿终守之，弗敢易!”秦王不悦。安陵 君因使唐雎使于秦。 秦王谓唐雎曰：“寡人以五百里之地易安陵，安陵君不听寡人，何也?且秦灭韩亡魏， 而君以五十里之地存者，以君为长者，故不错意也。今吾以十倍之地，请广于君，而君逆寡 人者，轻寡人与?”唐雎对曰：“否，非若是也。安陵君受地于先王而守之，虽千里不敢易 也，岂直五百里哉?”

(节选自《唐雎不辱使命》)

9．下列句子中，加点词的意义相同的一组是 (3分)

安陵君其许寡人 愿终守之弗敢易 A B

食之不能尽其材 未果，寻病终 而君以五十里之地存者 否，非若是也 C D

此诚危急存亡之秋也 安能辨我是雄雌

10．下列对文段内容的理解与分析，不正确的一项是 (3分)

A．安陵君识破秦国野心，拒绝了秦王要求后，希望唐雎能去化解秦王的“不悦”。 B．秦王以“灭韩亡魏”来炫耀自己的军事实力，企图迫使唐雎接受“易安陵”。 C．秦王摆出一副施恩加惠的姿态，并指责唐雎竟敢在他面前“逆寡人”“轻寡人”。 D．唐雎申明“受地于先王，愿终守之，弗敢易”的严正立场，断然拒绝“易地”。 11．用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(4分) (1)安陵君因使唐雎使于秦。 (2)岂直五百里哉?

12．阅读下面的唐诗，然后回答问题。(6分)

王维

独坐幽篁里，弹琴复长啸。

深林人不知，明月来相照。 (1)诗中“幽篁”“长啸”是什么意思?请选择其中一个回答。(2分)

(2)诗中表现了诗人怎样的心情?请结合诗句，作简要分析。(4分)

四、(9小题，40分)

阅读下面文段，完成13～14题。 寓言：一种古老而有生命力的艺术

杨洋

寓言是什么?说得通俗一点，寓言就是作者另有寄托的故事。作为一种很独特的文学样 式，寓言具有双重结构：表面上讲一个故事，即“寓体”，但故事里往往寄托着特殊的意义， 即“寓意”。

中国寓言源远流长，它和神话一样，是古代劳动人民在长期的生产活动中创造和发展起 来的。有文字记录的寓言出现在春秋末年，距今已有二千五百多年。战国时代是寓言创作的 黄金时期，不仅创作数量大，而且艺术性、思想性都非常高。在《孟子》、《庄子》、《韩非子》、

《吕氏春秋》、《战国策》等著作中，就有许多我们熟悉的寓言故事，如“滥竽充数”、“邯郸学步”、“望洋兴叹”、“鹬蚌相争”、“揠苗助长”等。诸子百家、谋臣策士在阐述思想、说理论辩的过程中，为了增加说服力，往往会引述或编造一些寓言故事。可以说，在人类文化发展的初期，寓言对人类有启蒙作用。 随着社会的发展，寓言创作也在发展，一直到元明清时期，寓言创作又形成了一个高峰， 甚至出现了前所未有的寓言专集。我们从元朝刘基的《郁离子》，明朝冯梦龙的《笑府》，清 朝蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》，纪昀的《阅微草堂笔记》等人的著作中，可以看到很多优秀寓言 故事。

中国古代寓言特点非常鲜明。从内容上说，寓言的寓体大多为人物故事，也有拟人化的 动植物故事。寓意大多是讽刺、劝喻或教训，如阐述哲学、政治、教育等方面的道理，讽刺 不良的社会现象，宣传道德观念等。用故事来讲道理，浅显易懂，形象生动。从艺术风格来 看，其表现多样化，比喻、夸张、白描、说理和拟人最为常用。寓言故事与小说不同，不需 要曲折的情节，也不需要对人物进行细致的刻画，它的语言简洁、朴素，笔调幽默、诙谐。 寓言，是一种古老的文体，也是一种极具生命力的艺术。它对我国文学艺术的发展产生 了深远的影响，也伴随着一代又一代中国人的成长。正如著名翻译家叶君健所说，一则寓言 可以影响人的一生，从童年到老年。 (节选自《中国传统文化读本》，有删改) 13．下列的说法，符合文意的一项是 (3分) A．寓言的双重结构表现为“寓体”“寓意”两个方面，即表面的故事和蕴含其中的意义。 B．神话和中国寓言一样，距今已有二千五百多年的历史，其艺术性、思想性都非常高。 C．诸子百家和谋臣策士对人类的启蒙作了大量工作，他们利用寓言增强辩论的说服力。 D．战国和元明清是寓言发展的两个高峰期，《笑府》《聊斋志异》分别是当时的代表作品。 14．下面对文段的理解和分析，正确的一项是 (3分)

A．文章介绍了中国古代和现代寓言作品的艺术风格，勾勒出这一古老文体的特点。 B．文章列举诸子百家著作中的寓言，说明战国时期的寓言创作数量多而且质量高。 C．文章将寓言和小说作比较，是为了说明寓言的笔调幽默诙谐，具有深刻反省力。 D．文章的结尾点明寓言的作用和价值，体现了作者对大众的深刻理解和真诚关怀。 阅读下面文段，完成15～16题。

汉字之美 妙在多维 沈致远

汉字书法分篆隶楷行草，成为独具一格的艺术。书法家人数之众多，书法工具之精益求

掘汉字之美。

几何学研究空间，空间具有维度，维度越多自由度越大。维度较抽象，举例以明之：洞 中潜蛇为洞壁所限，只能前进后退，它的空间只有一维。原上奔马除前进后退外还能左转右 转，它的空间是二维的。空中飞鸟除前进后退、左转右转外，还能向上腾飞向下滑翔，语云： “天空任乌飞”，鸟比谁都自由，因为三维空间具有最大的自由度。

先看一下拉丁语系的拼音文字。以字母为单元的拼音文字本质上是一维的。以圆珠笔写 英文字，弯弯曲曲犹如蛇行。英文书法精品是用鹅毛笔或沾水钢笔写出的，随用力轻重不同， 笔迹宽度略有变化显示出空间韵律，比圆珠笔写出的笔迹更美，源出于宽度方向的附加自由 度。但钢笔字宽度变化有限，犹如前例之蛇洞略放宽些而已，充其量也只能说具有一维半空 间。

汉字书法琳琅满目美不胜收：甲骨文之神秘美，钟鼎大小篆之古朴美，隶体之端庄美， 楷体之隽秀美，行书玉树临风之飘逸美，草书笔走龙蛇之旷世奇美难以言语形容。

字如其人：王羲之、褚遂良、颜真卿、柳公权、张旭、怀素、苏、黄、米、蔡 名家 辈出，各领风骚。书法容百家而各显其个性之瑰丽奇美，源出于汉字具有极大的自由度。 自由度来自多维空间。汉字有指事、象形、形声、会意、转注、假借六书。象形字从图 形转化而来，理所当然是二维的。其余五书也多半包含象形部分，例如形声字一半象形一半 拟声，非二维不足以容纳。再者，汉字是由横、竖、点、撇、捺等笔划构成的，好比在桌面 上拼七巧板，必须有二维的自由度才能拼出千变万化的美丽图案来。可见，汉字本质上是二 维的，如原上奔马纵横驰骋，为汉字之美奠定了坚实基础。

书法讲究构架，类似于绘画之构图。至少须有二维空间所提供的大量自由度，字形才谈 得上构架，才能体现出篆、隶、楷、行、草之特色，才能将各家之不同风格表现得淋漓尽致。 书法讲究悬腕，书法家手腕悬空，方能随心所欲运臂挥毫，在三维空间中发挥最大的自 由度。

书法讲究笔法，在很大程度上应归功于其独特的工具，毛笔是所有笔中最神奇的。笔也 有自由度：圆珠笔只有一个自由度。鹅毛笔和钢笔的笔尖分叉，可在宽度上略为施展，其自 由度介于一二之间。毛笔由千百根毫毛组成，每根毫毛可有不同程度的弯曲，其自由度岂止 千百?正因为毛笔有这么多的自由度，书法家才能得心应手挥洒自如，一支笔写出千般字。 尊毛笔为众笔之王，谁曰不宜?

毛笔的众多自由度运用得宜，可增加书法之维度。笔颖蓄墨之丰欠，运笔力度之轻重， 笔锋走向之偏正，运用之妙存乎一心。颜真卿楷书严正丰厚极富质感，柳公权笔力遒劲挺拔 而具骨感，均能产生视觉之立体效应，是为三维。不信吗?笔力千钧之赞语曰：力透纸背。 如无垂直于二维纸面的第三维度，朝哪儿透啊? (节选自《科学是大众的》)

15．下列分析，不符合文意的一项是 (3分)

A．空中飞鸟比原野骏马享有更高的自由度，证明维度越多则自由度越大的道理。 B．汉字的自由度来自它的多维空间，来自众多书法家的瑰丽奇美的个性和风格。 C．毛笔能够创造出更多的维度，是因为毛笔比其他书写工具具有更大的自由度。 D．颜柳书法力透纸背，能产生视觉上的立体效应，体现了汉字书法的三维效果。 16．结合全文，回答以下问题。(7分)

(1)作者在第二段中所说的“三维”指的是什么?(2分) (2)汉字书法为什么能创造出“三维”的效果?(5分) 阅读下面文段，完成l7～21题。 童年 高尔基

情节链接父亲过世后，“我”一直住在外祖父家。有一年，外祖父卖掉了原来住房，另买了一座。新房院子内有一个不大的花同，花园左边围墙外住的是奥夫相尼科夫上校一家，他们家有三个小男孩。 外祖父家花园左边围墙外的院子里，几乎每天下午都有三个小男孩在玩耍。他们都是灰

我从围墙缝里观察他们，他们从未发现我，可是我倒希望他们发觉我。我喜欢他们那么 有趣、快乐、和睦地玩我没有见过的各种游戏，喜欢他们相互关心，特别使我喜欢的是两个 哥哥对小弟弟——那个长得挺滑稽的、活泼机敏的小不点儿的态度。倘若他跌跤了，两个哥 哥就会笑起来，但并不像通常一些对栽跟头的人那样幸灾乐祸地笑，而是马上就去帮助小弟 弟爬起来，如果他跌脏了手或膝盖，他们就用牛蒡叶子、手帕擦净他的手和裤子，二哥还对 他说：

“瞧你这笨样儿 ”

有一次，我爬到树上，向他们打了个口哨。他们一听到口哨就都站住了，然后不慌不忙 地聚到一起，不时地看看我，开始悄悄地商量。我想，他们一定要用石子扔我，便赶快下树， 拾了好多石子，把几个口袋都塞满，停了一会儿又爬到树上，可他们已到离我很远的院子角 落里去玩了。很明显，他们已把我忘了。这使我怅然若失，但我也不想先开仗。过了一会儿， 有人在通风的小窗口喊他们： “孩子们，快回家吧!”

他们像三只小鹅，听话地、不紧不慢地走了。

我有好多次坐在围墙上面的树杈上，期待着他们喊我去跟他们一起玩，可他们从来没喊 过，但是，我在心中已经跟他们一起玩了，有时入了神，情不自禁地大声叫着笑了起来。这 时，他们便一起看看我，悄悄地在说着什么，我十分难为情，便爬下树了。

有一次，他们玩起了捉迷藏游戏，轮到老二找人，他跑到仓库拐角里，两只手老老实实 地蒙住眼睛站在那儿，一点儿不偷看。哥哥和弟弟跑去藏起来。哥哥跑得很快，机敏地躲进 放在仓库遮檐下的一架宽雪橇里，而那个小弟弟慌了神，围着井旁跑来跑去，找不到可以藏 自己的地方。 “一，”二哥喊道，“二 ”

小弟弟急了，猛地一下跳到井栏上，抓住井绳，把两只脚伸进空吊桶，只听见吊桶在并 栏壁上咚咚响地轻轻碰了几下，人就不见了。

我惊呆了，眼看着井辘轳飞快地旋转着，但是我很快就明白将会发生什么事情，一纵身 便跳进他们的院子，喊道： “掉到井里啦! ”

老二和我同时跑到并栏边，他紧紧抓住并绳，猛向上拉，我及时地上去截住了并绳，就 在这当口，他们的大哥也跑到井边，帮助把吊桶往上拉，他说：

“请轻一点!”

我们很快将小弟弟拉上来了，他也吓坏了：鲜血从右手手指上直往下滴，颈上的皮擦伤 了好大一块，从脚到腰都湿透了，脸色苍白得发青，但一面打着寒噤，一面还在笑。他睁大 了眼睛笑着，拖长了声音说：

“我怎——怎么掉——掉下——去啦 ” “你发疯了，就这回事儿。”他的二哥搂着他，用手帕擦他脸上的血，老大愁眉不展地 说：“我们回家吧，反正瞒不住了 ” “你们会挨打吗?”我问。

老大点了点头，然后向我伸出手，说道：“你跑得真快!”

听了他的称赞，我很高兴，还没来得及握住他的手，他就对二弟说：“我们走吧，他要 感冒了!我们就说他摔倒了，掉下并的事不要说!”

“对，不要说，”小弟弟打着寒噤同意说，“我是跌到水洼里的，对吧?” 三兄弟走了。

这一切发生得这么快，我扭回头看了看，刚才我从上面跳到院子里来的那个树杈还在晃 动呢，有一片黄树叶正从上面落下来。

兄弟三人将近一个星期没出来，后来出来玩时，比以前玩得还热闹，老大看见我在树上， 亲切地向我喊道：

“下来，到我们这儿来吧!”

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