四级短文听写填词篇

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四级短文听写的长度一般在200到250词之间，包括8个单词填空和3个句子填空。全文朗读三遍。第一遍朗读时，中间没有停顿，供考生听懂全文内容；第二遍朗读时，单词空格中间没有停顿，句子空格大约有60秒的停顿时间，要求考生把听到的内容填入空格；第三遍朗读与第一遍一样，中间没有停顿，供考生核对所填内容。

Lecture 1第一讲5招扫清填词障碍

从某种意义上说，短文听写实际上也是一种完形填空。我们可以利用完形填空技巧，根据空格前后的语法结构、近义或反义复现等卷面材料所提供的已知信息来预测空格处的未知信息，从而提高答题的针对性，减少盲目性。第一招： 利用句子的语法结构根据句子的主谓搭配、动宾搭配、修饰关系以及虚拟、倒装等语法结构关系，判断所缺单词充当的成分，从而推测出所填词的词性及形式（名词单复数或动词的时态、语态等）。 【例1】 （11642，43）Albert Einstein (42)this in 1905, when he (43) the concept of relative time as part of his Special Theory of Relativity.

【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格(42)以及空格(43)所在分句均缺少谓语动词，(42)题答案为predicted，意为“预测”。(43)题答案为introduced，意为“引进，介绍”。

第二招： 利用语义连贯根据上下文中的关键词与空格前后词语在语义上的连贯，推断所填词可能的含义。

【例2】(081239)Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new (37) has appeared on the world (38) —rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few (39) .

【解析】空格（39）前的形容词few表明此处应填复数名词。此句与but前一句的情况构成转折，前一句说，犯罪率在美国等具有多元文化的工业化社会一直很高，空格所在句则说“犯罪率在那些以前很少有(39) 报道的国家开始快速上升”，为了确保语义上的连贯，所填词应有“犯罪，罪行”之意。本空答案为offences，意为“犯罪，罪行”。37题答案为phenomenon（现象），38题答案为scene（场景）。

第三招： 从逻辑衔接中寻找线索根据上下文及句际间的逻辑关系（如并列、转折、因果等）推测所填词可能的含义（主要通过连接词、介词短语和副词来判断）。 【例3】 (046S5)Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no one is (S5) to take books out of the building.

【解析】转折连词but前是说“任何人都可以进去阅读收藏的书籍”，根据but的特点可知，其后应该是说“任何人都不可以把书拿出大楼”，由此可知所填词应该表示“可以，允许”之意。本空答案为permitted，意为“允许”。

第四招： 利用上下文的照应或复现关系注意在同一语境中寻找能够与所填词构成近义、反义或同根等复现或照应关系的词语，从而推测出所填词可能的形式或含义。近义词或反义词的出现常伴有表示并列或转折关系的信号词。 【例4】 (091243)For example, descriptive writing might list the colors an artist used in a painting or the (43) a composer included in a musical composition, so as to make pictures or sounds in the readers mind by calling up specific details of the work.

【解析】分析句子结构可知，所填词应与前面的colors并列，故很可能也是名词复数，二者后面都跟了一个省略了that的定语从句；所填词的定语a composer… in a musical composition提示，该词应该与composer, musical属于同一个语义场，故应该与音乐有关。本空答案为instruments，意为“乐器”。

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第五招： 利用词语的固定搭配根据所填词与其前后词语构成的固定搭配或习惯表达来推测所填词可能的形式或含义。

【例5】 (07637)Most parents are well (36) , but some of them arent very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in (37) to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their childrens difficulties.

【解析】空格（37）前的介词in和空后的介词to提示所填词应为名词或动名词。根据整句话的含义不难得知，刚上大学的孩子需要“适应”大学生活。adjust to…意为“适应”。本空答案为adjusting,意为“适应”。

Lecture 2第二讲5招攻克填句难关

短文听写所考查的句子的结构一般都比较复杂，如在不了解其内容的情况下直接听写，很难抓住全部信息。因此，我们应该在听音前根据空格前后的逻辑关系、上下文陈述内容及短文整体脉络对句子可能陈述的主题进行推测，从而在听音过程中抓取更多的有效信息。第一招： 根据段落大意推测段落首尾处空格内容段落的开头或结尾往往起到承上启下的作用，常为主题句或总结性内容，因此应注意对段落的细节内容进行总结和归纳，从而推测出段首或段尾处空格可能表达的内容。

【例1】 (031S8)Big, hightech fleets (S6) ensure that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. Thats an (S7) average of more than 20 million metric tons every year. (S8) .

【解析】所缺句子为该段最后一句，应起承上启下作用。根据前句含义和下段举例，此处很可能是进一步说明前句中的惊人数量和问题的严重性。本空答案为When you consider that equals a quarter of the worlds catch, you begin to see the size of the problem。

第二招： 理清句子间的逻辑关系作者在组织篇章和段落时，经常会使用一些表达逻辑关系（如顺承关系、因果关系、对比关系、转折关系等）的词或短语。通过这些逻辑关系词语，理清句子间的逻辑关系，可以推测出所缺句子所表达的大致含义。

【例2】 (051S8)It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use. (S8) whereas the American versions are considerably more expensive.

【解析】文章提到Japan，Germany，the USA三国的照相机，空前的Japanese和空后的American以及连词whereas（表对比）提示本句描述的应是Germany的相机。此处是三国照相机之间的对比。前后句中use, expensive和weigh提示所填内容应与照相机的使用、价格和重量有关。本空答案为Equivalent German models tend to be heavier and slightly less easy to use。

第三招： 根据前后句意推测空格处内容 句与句之间在语义上要保持连贯，考生要学会利用空格前后的句意对所缺句子可能表达的含义进行推测。 【例3】 (07644)(41) Accustomed to seeing As and Bs on high school report cards, they may be upset when their childrens first (42) semester college grades are below that level.At their kindest, they may gently (43) inquire why John or Mary isnt doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. (44).

【解析】空前是说父母们习惯了看到孩子高中时成绩单上的As和Bs，所以当孩子大学第一学期的成绩低于高中时的水平时，他们就会变得十分恼火。如果他们比较亲切，他们可能会问孩子为什么没有考好，是否尽了力。根据前面所说内容不难推断，所填句很可能是要讲如果父母不亲切时，他们可能会做的事。所填句的开头应是at their kindest的反义短语。本空答案为At their worst, they may threaten to take their children out of college or cut off funds。

第四招： 明确代词的指代关系

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空格后面句子中的代词往往指代空格所在句中出现过的词，因此要学会利用空格后句子的内容明确该代词的指代内容，从而推测空格句所陈述的内容。 【例4】(046S9)

Today, three buildings hold the librarys collection. (S9) . It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts.

【解析】空前是关于图书馆藏书的重购，空后介绍了藏书的来源，故所缺部分应该也是介绍图书馆藏书的相关情况。根据句意，空后的it应是代指the library，故所缺句子的主语应为the library。本空答案为The library provides books and materials to the US Congress and also lends books to other American libraries, government agencies and foreign libraries。

第五招： 学会记录关键词由于句子结构比较复杂，而且时间有限，只凭记忆写要点，往往容易出现疏漏和犯错误。因此，考生一定要学会记录关键词。 首先，要学会使用缩略语。缩略语不一定要求规范，甚至可用些符号，所记内容不一定要求完整，只要能起到提示作用，自己能看懂就行了。这里的基本要求是快速、省时并能表达含义。 其次，要有选择地记笔记。英语中实词具有表意功能，而虚词多具语法功能，因此所记词应以实词为主。 最后，重点记录句子的主干。考生应重点记录句子主干或中心词，在记下主干的前提下尽可能记全信息。 需要注意的是，这些技巧尽管能够帮助考生提高答题的准确度，但只注重技巧而忽视实践练习也不会取得很好的成绩，因此，必须把两者有机地结合起来。

即讲即练

Exercise 1

What is your (36) color? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do you must be an (37) , a leader. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are (38) quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what (39) tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color (40) , as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among

other facts, that we do not (41) our favorite color as we grow up — we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colors do (42) our moods — there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more (43) and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, (44) —until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps (45) .Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and (46) .

Exercise 2

Generally, time management refers to the (36) of processes and tools that (37) efficiency and (38) .In business, time management has morphed into everything from methodologies such as Enterprise Resource Planning through (39) services such as Professional Organizers.When we think of time management, however, we tend to think of (40) time management, loosely defined as managing our time to waste less on doing the things we have to do, so we have more time to do the things we want to do.Therefore, time management is often thought of or (41) as a set of time management skills; the theory is that once we (42) the time management skills, well be more

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organized, efficient, and happier.Personal time management skills include goal setting, planning, prioritizing, decisionmaking, delegating, and (43) .Many people find that time management tools, such as PIM software and PDAs, help them manage their time more effectively. For instance, (44) .Whether (45) , however, the first step in effective time management is (46) .

Exercise 3In the last 500 years, nothing about people — their clothes, ideas, or (36) — has changed as much as what they eat. The (37) chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish (38) it to the rest of the world during the 1500s. Although it was very expensive, it quickly became (39) . In London, shops where chocolate drinks were (40) became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was (41) grown. Ireland became so (42) on it that thousands of Irish people (43) when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine” of 1845-1846, and thousands more were forced to immigrate to America.(44) . But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the Worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.According to an Arabic legend, (45) . He tried one and experienced the “wideawake” feeling (46) .

Exercise 4Everybody wants to get wealthy. In todays (36) world, making money or becoming wealthy (37) a persons success and capability. Many people just make every (38) , pay any price to attain greater wealth. With money, they can buy nice, large (39) in nice

neighborhoods; with money they can own stately (40) cars. Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.But is wealth the only (41) to happiness? Not really. There are many things in the world which are beyond the means of money, such as friendship, love, health and (42) . Many people are so preoccupied with (43) for money that they have no time or would not take the time to form or maintain friendship. (44) , even if they accumulate tremendous wealth?(45) . What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing for you. With it, (46) . If you want money just for your own needs, youll never be satisfied or happy. In a word, only if you are generous can money be the source of your happiness. 【答案与解析】 Exercise 1 【听力原文】

What is your (36) favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, or red? If you do you must be an (37) optimist, a leader. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are (38) probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what (39) psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color (40) preference, as well as the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not (41) choose our favorite color as we grow up — we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.

Colors do (42) influence our moods — there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more (43) cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, (44) used to be the scene of more suicides than any other

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bridge in the area — until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps (45) it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. 【答案解析】

36. 空前的形容词性物主代词your及空后名词color提示，所填词应为形容词，后一句中Do you like yellow…?提示本句可能是问你“最喜欢的”颜色是什么，favorite意为“最喜欢的”。 37. 空前的不定冠词an提示所填词应该是一个以元音因素开头的单数名词。再联系上下文可知，所填词应与后文中的pessimist(悲观主义者)构成反义复现关系，因此所填词应为optimist，意为“乐观主义者”。

38. 分析句子结构可知，该句不缺少句子主干，所填词位于形容词quiet, shy之前，可能为副词作状语。probably意为“可能”。 39. 分析句子结构可知，所填词在what引导的表语从句中作主语，且谓语动词为tell动词原形，故所填词为名词复数。联系上文可知，告诉我们颜色喜好与人格之间的关系等内容的人应该是心理学家。psychologist意为“心理学家”。

40. 联系前文，前面内容是说人们对颜色的喜好，此处也应该是讲他们一直在努力研究颜色喜好(color preference)，此处color为名词作定语。preference意为“喜好”。

41. 空前的助动词否定形式do not提示，所填词应为动词原形。choose意为“选择”。

42. 分析句意可知，do在句子中不作谓语动词，而是起强调作用，故所填词应为动词原形。后文中说一间黄色的房间会比深绿色的更容易使人放松及红色的裙子会给人温暖等，可见这里是在强调颜色会“影响”我们的情绪。influence意为“影响”。

43. and连接并列结构，故所填词应为形容词，与relaxed构成并列关系，且应表示积极向上的意义。cheerful意为“愉悦的”。

44. 前一句通过On the other hand来表示对比，相对于yellow和red等暖色调来说，black使人感到压抑(depressing)。然后本句以伦敦泰晤士河上的一座黑漆大桥为例，说明这一观点。所填句子应为该座黑漆大桥使人压抑的具体表现。

【Main Points】used to be a place which had witnessed most suicides in the area

45. 空前部分说在这座大桥被漆成绿色以后，试图自杀的人数大量减少。句中分号及perhaps提示所填句子应该是对这一情况的进一步说明。Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and (46) have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey. 【Main Points】it would have fallen more sharply if the bridge had been painted pink or baby blue 46. 前一句说较浅、较明亮的颜色不仅能使人心情愉悦且更积极向上。本句以工人在工厂工作为例说明这一观点。and连接并列结构，本句已给部分表示工人工作更积极，所填句子也应表示积极的含义。

【Main Points】suffer fewer accidents if the machines are painted orange instead of black or grey Exercise 2 【听力原文】

Generally, time management refers to the (36) development of processes and tools that (37) increase efficiency and (38) productivity.In business, time management has morphed into everything from methodologies such as Enterprise Resource Planning through (39) consultant services such as Professional Organizers.

When we think of time management, however, we tend to think of (40) personal time management, loosely defined as managing our time to waste less on doing the things we have to do, so we have more time to do the things we want to do.

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