2016年考研英语二真题及答案

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Section 1 Use of English

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered

blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and

willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might

influence__1__firm’s work, too.

Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a

recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term

thinking__3__for making investments for the future.

The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that

come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of

publicly traded firms in those areas.

__7__enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s

linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms

there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for

various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry,

and sales – and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in

wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even after accounting for these things.

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for

younger firms, which the authors__13__to “less codified decision making process”

and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely

to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.

__17__ this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take

a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’

s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more

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forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.

1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when

2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion

1. [标准答案][C]how

[考点分析]连词辨析

[选项分析]? 根据语境，“新发现表明：快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。”[A] 为什么

[B] 哪里 [C] 怎样，多么 [D] 当…时候。根据语义分析，C 选项填入原文，译为“快乐可

能会影响工作是有多么稳定”，C 为正确选项。

2. [标准答案][B]In particular

[考点分析]上下文语义以及短语辨析

[选项分析][A] 反过来 [B] 尤其是 [C] 相反 [D] 总的来说根据前文语境，第二段第

一句译为“根据近期的研究，拥有更多快乐的人的公司会投资更多”。而第二句“_______ 那些在快乐氛围中的公司会做更多的研发以及发展。“第二句是在第一句的基础上进一步强调说明，因此 B 选项更符合语境要求。

3. [标准答案] [D]necessary

[考点分析]上下文语义及形容词词义辨析

[选项分析][A]充足的 [B] 著名的 [C] 完美的 [D] 必要的首先，根据本句题干

“That’s?because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investments for the future.”译为“因为快乐与对未来投资有______长远考虑相联系。”

要求填写形容词, 我们要考虑其搭配与其修饰成分。空格处搭配介词 for, 并且修饰“长远

考虑”。因此 D 选项最符合语境要求。

4. [标准答案][C]optimism

[考点分析]上下文语义及名词词义辨析

[选项分析][A]个人主义 [B] 现代主义 [C] 乐观主义 [D] 现实主义本题考查同后缀

的名词辨析。根据原文主旨，探讨“happy people”与公司的关系。那么，衡量四个选项，

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只有 C 选项符合主旨要求。

5. [标准答案][D]change

[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析

[选项分析] [A]发出回声 [B] 想念，错过 [C] 破坏 [D] 改变根据原文语境，“would

5 the way companies invested.”本题考查动宾搭配，宾语为“公司投资的方式”只有 D

选项搭配最为合理。

6．[标准答案][B]measured

[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析

[选项分析] [A]想象 [B] 衡量，测量 [C] 发明 [D] 假定，设想“So they compared

U.S. cities’average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of

publicly traded firms in those areas.”译为“他们把盖洛普咨询公司所_____的美国城

市平均幸福指数与该地区的上市公司投资活跃度进行对比。”根据原文语境，盖洛普咨询公司所做的应该是一个“既定事实”所以排除 ACD。因此，B 选项为最佳选项。

7.[标准答案][A]Sure

[考点分析]上下文语义及固定搭配

[选项分析] [A]确信的 [B] 奇怪的 [C] 不幸运的 [D] 经常的本题为固定搭配“sure enough”译为“足以肯定的是，”

8．[标准答案][D]headquartered

[考点分析]上下文语义及形容词词义辨析

[选项分析] [A]广告的 [B] 划分的 [C] 课税过重的 [D]位于总部的根据原文

“ firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the

area in which they were 8 . ”译为“足以肯定的是，公司投资与研发力度与公司______

的幸福指数相关。”in which 引导表示地点的定语从句，先行词为 area.对比四个选项，ABC 不足以说明此地点的真实含义。因此，D 选项，搭配前文 area,构成“总部所在地”最为合理。

9．[标准答案][A]explain

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[考点分析]上下文语义及动词词义辨析

[选项分析] [A]解释 [B] 夸大 [C] 概述[D]重点强调根据原文“…or ould something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more on R&D?” A 选项“explain”常和后文“why”搭配使用。

10．[标准答案][B]factors

[考点分析]上下文语义及名词词义辨析

[选项分析] [A]阶段 [B] 因素 [C] 等级[D]方法根据原文语境“To find out, the researchers controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest

– like size, industry, and sales…”本题中，破折号后面“大小，产业，销售”这些都是“让公司有更多投资的”因素。因此，B 选项最符合原文语境。

3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary

4. [A] inpidualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism

5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change

6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed

7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often

8. [A] advertised [B] pided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered

9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize

10.[A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods

11.[A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable

12.[A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke

13.[A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare

14.[A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced

15.[A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never

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16.[A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally

17.[A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since

18.[A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes

19.[A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share

20.[A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out

11．[标准答案] [A] desirable

[考点分析] 上下文语义和形容词

[选项分析] 该空填的是形容词，用来修饰前面的名词 place,并且在意义上也是对后面

like growth in wages or population 的解释，可以看出来应该是填褒义词，并且能修饰place.所以只有[A]desirable 合适的符合文章。[B]social 社交的 [C]reputable 受尊敬

的 [D]reliable 可依靠的。

12. [标准答案] [B]held

[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析

[选项分析] 该句算是这一段的总结句，该段整体在描述幸福与投资之间的关系，而这

一 link 就只能得出了，只有[B]held ”得出”符合语境。A resumed “重新开始”，C emerge “浮现”，D broke “破坏”。

13．[标准答案] [A] attribute

[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系以及动词词组辨析

[选项分析]该空是一个 which 引导的定语从句的谓语动词所在地，动词的宾语就是前面

的主句，强调“幸福与投资之间的关系尤其适用于新公司”这一结论与后面“所做决定会偏草率”之间的关系，能看出是一个因果关系，因此答案选择[A]attribute 与 to 搭配表示

“归因于……”，而[B]assign to 表示“指派”[C]transfer to“转移到”[D]compare to “与……比较”均不符合题意。

14．[标准答案] [D] experienced

[考点分析] 上下文语义及形容词词义辨析

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[选项分析] 此处很简单，前面有一个并列连词 and, 与前面的 young 一致修饰 managers,

强调新公司的领导年轻并缺乏经验，只有[D]experienced 最合适。

15. [标准答案] [C] also

[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系以及副词词义辨析

[选项分析]前面说到了“年轻的新经理决策时更容易受情绪影响。”与后面的“这种关

系在员工幸福指数_____的公司尤为明显。公司似乎乐于投资那些相对快乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不快乐的部门。”之间很明显是一种递进关系，所以只有[C]also 合适。

16. [标准答案] [D]equally

[考点分析] 上下文语义及副词词义辨析

[选项分析] 这题是考察副词修饰 spread, 但是更要注意的是该句“这种关系在员工幸

福指数_____的公司尤为明显。公司似乎乐于投资那些相对快乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不快乐的部门。”中该空与后面的 inequality 形成复现关系，所以很容易判断出答案

选择[D]equally。

17. [标准答案] [C] while

[考点分析] 上下文逻辑关系

[选项分析] 该题是典型的考察上下文逻辑关系的题目，因此着力点应该放在上一段和

这一段之间的关系。这一段第一句明确说出“这并不证明是幸福导致公司大量投资……”，所以两句话之间是一个转折关系，选择 while.

18. [标准答案] [C]hints

[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析

[选项分析] 该题可以看出是考察动词与 at 的固定搭配，arrive at 是“到达，抵达”，

jump at 是“扑向；欣然接受”hint at 是“暗示” strike at 是“袭击，攻击”，文章中

的 at least 和 that possibility 论证了这是一种可能，只有 hint at 有这层含义。

19. [标准答案] [A]shape

[考点分析] 上下文语义及动词词义辨析 reshape 重塑

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[选项分析] 根据上下文应该选一个“影响”未来看法含义的动词，[B]是“再发现”[C]

是“使简化，使单纯”[D]是“分享”所以可以均可以排除，A 是“塑造，形成，影响”，

所以 A 项是最佳答案。

20. [标准答案] [B]lean towards

[选项分析] 上下文语义及动词词组词义辨析

[考点分析] 本空考察动词词组，且该词组词义应与 and 前面意思保持一致，且作用对

象为研发。[A]pray for 祈祷 [B]lean towards 倾向 [C]give away 放弃，泄露 [D]send out

放出，给予。只有[B]选项能表达一种递进含义。

【全文翻译】

快乐的人工作起来会有不同。他们更多产，更有创造力，也更愿意去冒险。近期的一项

研究表明快乐也可能会影响公司的工作。

根据近期的研究报告，在各地的公司里，拥有更多快乐的员工会投入的更多。尤其是那

些在快乐氛围中的公司会做更多的研发以及发展。因为快乐与对未来投资有必要的长远考虑相联系。这是因为对未来进行投资需要作出长远决策，而这种决策与快乐相关。

研究者希望了解乐观精神和随快乐而来的冒险精神是否会改变公司投资的方式。因此，

他们把盖洛普咨询公司所评估出的美国城市平均幸福指数与该地区的上市公司投资活跃度进行对比。

足以肯定的是，公司投资和研发力度与公司总部所在地的幸福指数相关。但是幸福真的

与投资相关吗？或者说幸福指数更高的城市的其他方面能够说明公司为何加大研发投入。为了弄清这一点，研究者掌握了多种可能促使公司投资的因素，例如规模，产业，销售，也掌

握了各种指标，如适宜居住地，工资涨幅及人口变化。了解这些问题后，幸福与投资的关系就能够轻松得出了。

幸福与投资之间的关系尤其适用于新公司，这是因为新公司所做决定会偏草率，而且年

轻的新经理决策时更容易受情绪影响。同样，这种关系在员工幸福指数相同的公司尤为明显。公司似乎乐于投资那些相对快乐的员工所在的部门，而不是那些不快乐的部门。

然而这并不证明是幸福导致公司大量投资，或者从长远的角度来讲，研究人员认为至少

它预示着这种可能性。不难想象，本地文化以及情感有助于影响高管对于未来的看法。“快乐的人比普通人有预见性、创造力、更善于研发这种说法似乎更可信。”一位研究者说。

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Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text

by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)

Text 1

It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.

However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it’s not just a confusing, endless string of

letters and numbers — but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it

is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code

to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.

Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.

The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of

the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but “we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,” said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.

The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and

build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the “Ruby on Rails” language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter

the job market. But the skills they learn — how to think logically through a problem And organize the results — apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.

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Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future

army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers — in their pockets, in their offices, in their homes —

for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want — the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that — the better.

21. Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to____.

A. complete future job training

B. remodel the way of thinking

C. formulate logical hypotheses

D. perfect artwork production

22. In delivering lessons for high-schoolers, Flatiron has considered

their____.

A. experience

B. academic backgrounds

C. career prospects

D. interest

23. Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will____.

A. help students learn other computer languages

B. have to be upgraded when new technologies come

C. need improving when students look for jobs

D. enable students to make big quick money

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24. According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to____.

A. compete with a future army of programmers

B. stay longer in the information technology industry

C. become better prepared for the digitalized world

D. bring forth innovative computer technologies

25. The word “coax” (Line4, Para.6) is closest in meaning to____.

A. challenge

B. persuade

C. frighten

D. misguide

Text 1

21 答案 B remodel the way of thinking.

Reshape 重塑 remold 重塑

Mold 名词-模型模子动词-形成塑造

解析：此题是文中人物观点题。根据 Cortina 定位到第二段前三句。Cortina 认为尽早接触计算机科学是有益的。第三句 It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. 译为在转变思维程序方面小孩不像年龄较大的

学生一样困难，即 B remodel the way of thinking 转变思维方式即为同义替换。

22 答案 D interest

解析：此题是细节题。根据关键词 Friedman 定位到第四段第二句 but 之后引号里面内容“我们试图让课程符合学生兴趣”，故而 D interest 为正确答案。

23 答案 A help students learn other computer languages

解析：文中人物观点题。题干问的是 Deborah Seehorn 认为在 Flatiron 这里所学到的

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技能将能怎么样，据此定位到第五段 But 处，和题干基本一致，该句指出“But the skills they learn…appl to any coding language”，意思是他们学到的技能可以应用于任何编

码语言。对比答案选项，A 选项的意思是“帮助学生学习其他的计算机语言”属于原文定位处的同义替换。

24 答案 C become better prepared for the digitalized world

解析：细节题。题干指出：根据最后一段，Flatiron 的学生被期望去干什么。据此定

位到最后一段的 These kids are going to be 处，是题干的同义复现。定位句“These kids are…be surrounded by computers for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn

how computers think…….the better.”，意思是学生们越早学越好。C 选项“为数字化

的未来做更好的准备”是同义概述。

25 答案 B persuade

解析：词义句意题，结合上下文来解题。根据 coax 此单词，定位到最后一段最后一句“how to coax the machine into producing what they want”，考察固定搭配“persuade…into…”。A 选项挑战，B 选项劝服，C 选项使恐慌，D 选项误导。考生做题时一定要注意结合上下文来推测生词的词义，这是命题人的出题规律。

Text 2

Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind

of bird living on stretching grasslands—once lent red to the often gray landscape

of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain

today, occupying about 16% of the species’ historic range.

The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service （USFWS）decided

to formally list the bird as threatened. “The lesser prairie chicken is in a

desperate situation,” said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists,

however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,” a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to

crack down on threats. But Ashe and others argued that the“threatened” tag gave

the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer

collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal

action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie

chicken’s habitat.

Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner

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or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they

had signed a range—wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires inpiduals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat. The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat, USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years. And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall,

the idea is to let “states” remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species，”Ashe said.

Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court Not surprisingly, doesn’t go far enough “The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction,” says biologist Jay Lininger.

26. The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____

[A]its drastically decreased population

[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage

[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists

[D]the insistence of private landowners

27.The “threatened” tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____

[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure

[B]would involve fewer agencies in action

[C]granted less federal regulatory power

[D]went against conservation policies

28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be

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prosecuted if they_____

[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation

[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job

[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations

29.According to Ashe， the leading role in managing the species in______

[A]the federal government

[B]the wildlife agencies

[C]the landowners

[D]the states

30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______

[A]industry groups

[B]the win-win rhetoric

[C]environmental groups

[D]the plan under challenge

26 答案 A its drastically decreased population

解析：此题是原因细节题。根据关键词定位到第一段 But 前后关于 lesser prairie chickens 数量 2million 和 22,000 的强烈对比。此外第二段第二句“the lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation”都可以得知 A its drastically decreased population 数量的急剧下降为正确答案。

27 答案 C granted less federal regulatory powers

Grant 动词-同意允许；授予赋予

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名词-补贴

解析：此题是原因细节题。根据关键词定位到第二段第四句，They had …, a state that

gives federal officials greater regulatory power. 而 But 之后是截然相反的事实，

即政府授予了更少的管理权。故而 C granted less federal regulatory powers 为正确答

案。

28 答案 A agree to pay a sum for compensation 赔偿补偿薪酬

解析：推断题。题干问的是从第三段推出来：无意伤害的那些人是不会被检举的如果怎

么样。根据题干定位到第三段首句“it would not prosecute….as long as ….”，题干

中问的 if 即原文的 as long as 的同意替换，原文 as long as 的意思是：只要他们签署了

计划。下一句说道，该计划要求个体和企业去支付基金。对应选项 A 选项“赞同支付赔偿”属于同义替换。

29 答案 D the states

解析：此题是细节题。根据关键词定位到第三段最后一句 the idea is to let the

“states”remain in the driver’s seat for managing the species, Ashe said. 其中

in the driver’s seat 对应题干中的 the leading role, 故而 D states 为正确答案。

30 答案 C environmental groups 群体团体

解析：文中人物观点题。题干问的是 Jay Lininger 最可能支持谁，大写人名定位到末

段最后一句。最后一句提到：生物学家 Jay Lininger 说道联邦政府要把责任推给导致鸟类

灭绝的企业，显然是对政府和企业的反对。再往前看一句，指出：企业团体和政府部门观点一致，环境学家与其观点恰巧一致。因此，Jay Lininger 最支持环境团体的观点了。

Text 3

That everyone’s too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint

is made especially mournfully： There’s never any time to read.

What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques

don’t seem sufficient. The web’s full of articles offering tips on making time

to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times” But in my experience,

using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn’t work. Sit down to read

and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you’re so exhausted

that a challenging book’s the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a

novelist and critic, writes, “is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…

It is not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to

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interruption”. Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.

In fact, “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem. Thinking of time

as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness,

even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you’ll manage only

goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. “The

future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes）as they pass, for if

they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them”. No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.

So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading.

You’d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes,

such ritualistic behaviour helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time”. You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose

e-readers. “Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too-providing

you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really

good day, it no longer feels as if you’re “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.

31. The usual time-management techniques don’t work because?????

[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind

[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading

[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them

[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed

32. The “empty bottles” metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to?????

[A] update their to-do lists

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[B] make passing time fulfilling

[C] carry their plans through

[D] pursue carefree reading

33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps?????

[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set

[B] develop online reading habits

[C] promote ritualistic reading

[E] achieve immersive reading

34. “Carry a book with you at all times” can work if?????

[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day

[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with

[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading

[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business

35. The best title for this text could be?????

[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading

[B] How to Find Time to Read

[C] How to Set Reading Goals

[D] How to Read Extensively

31 答案 D what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed.

解析：因果细节题。题干指出：传统的时间管理方法不起作用的原因是什么。根据题干

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定位到第二段首句指出 the usual time-management techniques don’t seem sufficient，

是题干的同义替换，但要找原因。整段都在分析过程环节，最终原因必然在该段末句提到。直接定位到该段末句，指出深入阅读不仅需要时间，而且是一种仅仅通过有效无法获得的一种时间。结合选项 D，深入阅读所需的无法得到确保，是原文末句的同义替换。

32 答案 B make passing time fulfilling

解析：题干问的是“empty bottles”暗喻证明了人们在做什么方面有压力，empty bottles

直接可以在文中 Gary Eberle 所说的话中找到：“The future comes at us like empty bottles…”。其所说的话证明的目的必然是为了说明前一句的观点。因此，该题定位到三

段“try to slot…but not the most fulfilling kind”，该句就指出：只会处理目标集

中的阅读，这是有用的，但不是最有满足感的。结合选项 B 使流逝的时间更有满足感，是原文的同义替换。

33 答案 D achieve immersive reading

解析：文中人物观点题，注意区分文中人物观点和作者观点。题干问的是 Eberle 赞同

为阅读设定规定性时间帮助什么。根据题干精确定位到第四段第二句：“You’d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, E…..into soul time”，意思是你

会认为这可以提升效率性思维设定，但实际上这些行为帮助我们跨入到灵魂阅读时间。对应选项 D，获得深入阅读，属于同义替换。

34 答案 A reading becomes your primary business of the day

解析：细节题。题干指出：总是带一本书会起作用如果怎么样。根据题干定位到末段中

间部分“carry a book with you at all times can actually work, too … so that reading

becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of

business.”，意思是这样的话阅读就成为默认状态，偶尔会出来管理工作（注意 business

并非默认状态，非主要事情）。对应选项 A 阅读成为每天的主要任务，是该句的同义替换。

35 答案 B How to Find Time to Read

解析：标题题，即全文中心主旨。通过题干，可发现题干关键词中 time 复现多次，因

此可确定 time 为全文的主题词。整篇文章都围绕阅读时间来展开，因此正确答案为 A 如何寻找阅读时间。

Text 4

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Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure, younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.

Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same

traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.

Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older

adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure

before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.

From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the

aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are

defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through

virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing

patterns to politics.

Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than

it was for earlier generations. While younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities

in both groups believe those “just getting started in life” face a tougher a

good-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.

Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said.” I can’t afford to

pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen.” Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide

a comfortable life for their?children even though neither had completed college when he was young. “I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn’t have college degrees,” Schneider said. “I don’t think people are capable of

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that anymore.”

36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is_____.????

[A] trying out different lifestyles

[B] having a family with children

[C] working beyond retirement age

[D] setting up a profitable business

37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to?____.???

[A] favor a slower life pace

[B] hold an occupation longer

[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance

[D] give priority to childcare outside the home

38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will?____.???

[A] become increasingly clear

[B] focus on materialistic issues

[C] depend largely on political preferences

[D] reach almost all aspects of American life

39. Both young and old agree that?____.

[A] good-paying jobs are less available

[B] the old made more life achievements

[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain

[D] getting established is harder for the young

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40. Which of the following is true about Schneider？

[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college.

[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success.

[C] His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree.

[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging.

36 答案 B having a family with children

解析：此题是细节题。根据关键词定位到第二段第一句 Across generational lines,…including getting married, having children…即成功的标志包括结婚生子，故而正确选

项是 B having a family with children.

37 答案 C attach importance to pre-marital finance

解析：此题是细节题。根据关键词定位到第三段第一句 Young people…to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children…

即年轻人认为夫妻在结婚前或者生小孩前应该在经济上是稳定的，故而 C attach importance to pre-marital finance 为正确答案。

38 答案 D reach almost all aspect=respect 方面 s of American life

解析：此题是细节题。根据关键词定位到第四段第一句…those just starting…will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects …即这些期待即将渗透到美国生活

的各个方面，故而 D reach almost all aspects of American life 为正确答案。

39 答案 D getting established is harder for the young

解析：此题是文中人物观点题。根据关键词定位到第五段第一句…it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. 即

与年长者相比，现如今的年轻人维持生计更加困难，故而 D getting established is harder for the young 为正确答案。

40 答案 C His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree.

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解析：此题是正误判断题。根据关键词定位到第六段第五句 Looking back…his parents could provide a comfortable life for the children even though neither had completed college when he was young.即父母即便没有上过大学但仍旧可以为孩子提供舒适的生活，故而 His parents’ good life has little to do with a college degree.为正确答案。

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are

two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

[A]Be silly

[B]Have fun

[C]Express your emotions

[D]Don't overthink it

[E]Be easily pleased

[F]Notice things

[G]Ask for help

As adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed

results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they

don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time

to learn a few lessons from them.

41.______________

What does a child do when he's sad? He cries.When he's angry?He

shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we grow up,we learn to control our emotions

so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing

emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under

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