现代大学英语精读2课后答案

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海内存知己，天涯若比邻。现代大学英语精读第二册练习与答案 2007-1-22 16:59:28 Lesson One Another School Year --- What For?

I . Discuss the following questions:

1) Why did the professor draw a line between training and education? In what way are they different?

2) Are universities only for job training according to the professor? What else should a student strive for in a university

3) How did the professor try to prove the importance of book-reading?

4) How would you respond if your brother or sister or your best friend declares that he/she is only interested in learning some job skill and therefore has no use for literature, politics, philosophy, history, art, music, etc.?

5) Discuss with or interview a classmate, find out his/her ideas, summarize them and report back briefly to the class: Is education for living or make a living?

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–fy‖.

specialize:____ + ____ simplify: ____ + ____

2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa. Example: computer (n.) + -ize computerize (v.)

Noun/Ajective Verb

capital __________

central __________

final __________

hospital __________

ideal __________

__________ apologize

__________ civilize

__________ fertilize

__________ industrialize

__________ realize

3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖.

Example: beauty (n.) + -fy

Noun/adjective Verb

clarity __________

class __________

identity __________

intense __________

just __________

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

(1) If the grass is greener on the other side of the fence, it is a time for you to ________ (施肥) your lawn.

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(2) Just enjoy the little things you are doing. When you look back, you will ________ (意识到) they were doing the big things.

(3) Walt Disney ________（总结）how he made his dreams come true in four C’s: curiosity, confidence, courage and constancy.

(4) The plan was ________ (批评) as too idealistic and impractical.

(5) The waste water is now ________ (净化) and then used for irrigation.

(6) The training courses aims to ________ (使合格) them as teachers of English.

(7) How can you ________ (说明 有正当理由的) your behavior?

(8) The freshmen will first read some ________ (简写) stories.

(9) Books can be ________ (分类) in different ways.

(10) I was really ________ (害怕的) when I was told that 500 million people would watch my performance.

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

to average out (to a certain number)

to be exposed to

to be out to

to be stuck

to be true of

to do with sth.

to have no business doing sth.

to put sb. In touch with

to see to sth./to see to it that clause

to specialize to

1) They said that they would __________ no more trees are cut from now on

2) When he first retired, he felt very uncomfortable. He did not know what to __________ all his time.

3) If you want to know this, I can __________ a real expert.

4) Meals at the hotel __________20 yuan per day.

5) James protested that others __________ saying such things about him.

6) Eric told me that everything in the hospital was first-rate, and so was it __________ its doctors and nurses.

7) They were shocked to hear Professor Jin say that a company should not __________ make profit only.

8) My father was a historian. He __________ the history of the Ming Dynasty.

9) There are several ways to get around the difficulties when you __________ in the middle of a sentence.

10)Some sociologists argue that the ever-increasing crime rate is due to the fact that people __________ too much violence in TV programs.

11) In the first half of the year, Li Fan‘s income __________ 6,000yuan per month.

12) They promised to __________ the nuclear power station would be safe.

3.Choose the right word and put it in the proper form..

i . to say to speak to talk to tell

1) ―I can __________ you how to start, but you‘ll have to work out the answer

yourself, ‖ __________ Mr. Baker.

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2) She insisted that parents should try to find out why children sometimes __________ lies.

3) Would you please stop __________? We can‘t hear what the speaker is __________.

4) He __________ a few words about himself and then on to __________ about the recent development in the Sino-Russian relationship.

5) We learned from what students __________ about him that he __________ four languages. ii . fairly rather

1) The food was__________ good, but not as delicious as in the other restaurant.

2) She speaks __________ fluently, but her pronunciation is __________ poor.

3) It‘s___ hot here in the room. Will you please open the window?

iii . sensitive sensible

1) I didn‘t mean you .You are too__________..

2) I thank it was a very __________ thing for you to do on such occasions.

3) It was __________ of them to withdraw their troops from that area.

4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

1) The town used to __________ almost entirely __________ (依靠) tourism for its economic development .

2) The president asked me to __________ (主持) the meeting on his behalf .

3) I told them that Mr. Shen __________ ( 坚持) their giving a straightforward answer

4) No country has the right to __________ (干涉) other countries’ internal affairs .

5) His grandparents __________ (渴望) his return to his own country .

6) In the last twenty years his research __________ (集中) a new strain of rice .

7) All this __________ (同意了的) at our last discussion .I don’t see why we need to talk about it again .

8) Alice is still __________ (犹豫) the choice between the tow jobs .

9) They would never __________ ( 采取) these means to get rich .

10) There is no use __________ (埋怨) the situation we are in . We should take action and __________ (依靠) ourselves o change it for the better .

11) Do you remember the name of the Chinese who __________ (成功) swimming across the English Channel ?

5.Put in the missing words.

If you are like most people, your intelligence (1) __________ from season .You are (2) __________ a lot sharper in spring than you are at any (3)___ time of the year.

Spring appears to be the best (4) __________ of the year for thinking. One (5) __________ may be that in spring man‘s mental (6) __________ are affected by the same factors that bring (7) __________ great changes in all nature.

Autumn is the next best season, (8) __________ winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to (9) __________ a long vacation from thinking! It has been (10) __________ that cool weather is much more favorable (11) __________creative thinking than is summer hear. This does not (12) __________ that all people are (13) __________ intelligent in summer than they (14) __________ during the rest of the year. It (15) __________ mean , however , that the mental powers of large numbers of people (16) __________ to be lowest in summer.

III . Grammar

1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing future time, using the verbs in the brackets.

大家懂的~

shall/will shall/will be doing shall/will have done

be to do sth. be doing sth. be going to do sth.

1) It has been decided that Beijing __________ (host) the 2008 Olympics.

2) The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics __________ (complete) by 2006.

3) The central government __________ (do) do what is within its power to help make the event a success.

4) Thousands of people __________ (work) as volunteers when the games __________(hold).

5) There __________ (be) no financial problem for Beijing in organizing the games.

6) By then the air in Beijing __________ (be) cleaner.

7) By then all factories that cause serious air, water or noise pollution __________ (move) out of the city.

8) Beijing __________ (be) more beautiful in 2008.

9) Many people in Beijing __________ (learn) English in the seven years ahead.

10) Both the government and the people of Beijing __________ (work) hard to make the Beijing Olympics one of the best in history.

2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions. not…but

not only …but also

both …and

either … or

neither …or

1). His brother is a lawyer. His sister is a lawyer, too.

2). What they lack is not money. What they lack is experience.

3). They have come to china to learn Chinese. They have also come to china to learn about her culture.

4). I find the new manager is not easy to get along with. I find he is not delightful to talk to, either.

5). You may write your essay in your regular exercise book. You may print a copy if you do it on your computer.

3. Put in the right preposition from the list below.

about along with as at behind by for from in into like near of off on on to out of round to under upon with beside

1) Professor Li spoke __________ an expert __________ modern Chinese literature.

2) He talks __________ a computer expert, but really he knows little.

3) In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were __________ work.

4) __________ her 21st birthday, her parents sent her a leather coat __________ an affectionate letter.

5) The manager‘s office is large and airy. __________ the window is a CEO-type of desk. An office chair stands __________ the desk. Future back __________ the corner there is a floor-to-ceiling bookcase filled __________ books, magazines, etc.

6) Everyone knows him __________ Old Arthur. He lives __________ a little hut __________ the middle of a small wood, about a mile __________ the village. He goes __________ the village twice a week to buy food, and occasionally he collects letters and his pension __________ the post office.

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7) This is what old Arthur said __________ himself __________ a reporter __________ the local newspaper: ―I get up every morning __________ the birds. There is a stream __________ my hut and I fetch water __________ there. It‘s good, clear, fresh water, better than you get __________ the city. Occasionally, __________ winter, I have to break the ice. I cook simple food__________ my stove; mostly stews and things __________ that. I don‘t have much money, but I think I‘m a lucky man.‖

8) Recently I came __________ a little group __________ worried people, gathered __________ a man lying __________ the pavement __________ a busy London road. They were waiting __________ an ambulance, because the man had been knocked down __________ a passing taxi. Apparently he had stepped the pavement and __________ the street, to avoid walking a ladder. This superstition goes back the days when the gallows were built a platform. To get up __________ the platform you had to clime a ladder. To pass __________ that ladder therefore was considered very unlucky.

IV . Written work

Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words.

Your retelling should contain three parts.

1. How you came to talk about it

2. What you said

3. What you pointed in conclusion

Key to the exercises

II . Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words specialize and simplify are formed. Find out the meanings of the suffixes ―–ize‖ and ―–fy‖.suffixes ―–ize‖, from Greek, is used to form verbs meaning:

(1) to cause to be, to make

(2) to become

(3) to put into the stated place

suffixes ―–fy‖, from Latin, is used to form verbs meaning: to cause to be, to make.

2) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–ize‖ and vice versa. capitalize apology

centralize civil

finalize fertile

hospitalize industrial

idealize real

3) Turn the following nouns or adjectives into verbs that end with the suffix ―–fy‖

clarify classify identify intensify justify

4) Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

(1) fertilize (2) realize (3) summarized (4) criticized (5) purified

(6) qualify (7) justify (8) simplified (9) classified (10) terrified

2. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

(1) see to it that (2)do with (3)put you in touch with (4)average out to

(5) had no business (6)true of (7)be out to (8)specialized in

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(9) are stuck (10)are exposed to (11)averaged out to (12)see to it that

3. Choose the right word and put it in the proper form.

i 1) tell, said 2) tell 3) talking, saying 4) said, speak/talk 5) said, spoke

ii 1) fairly 2)fairly, rather 3) rather

iii 1) sensitive 2) sensible 3) sensible

4. Complete the sentences based on the Chinese given in the brackets.

1) depend on/upon 2)preside over 3)insisted on 4)interfere in/with

5)are longing for/longed for 6)has been concentrated on 7)was agreed on/upon 8)hesitating about/over 9)resort to 10)complaining about, rely on/upon 11)succeeded in

5. Put in the missing words.

(1)varies (2)probably (3)other (4)period (5)reason (6)powers (7)about (8)then (9)take (10)found

(11)for (12)mean (13)less (14)are (15)does (16)tend

III . Grammar

1. Complete the following sentence wit one of these ways of expressing future time, using the verbs in the brackets.

1) will host

2) will have been completed/will be completed

3) shall/will do

4) will work, is held

5) will be

6) is going to be/will be

7) will have (been) moved

8) will be

9) are going to learn

10) are going to work2.

2. Combine each pair of the sentences, using the right emphasizing coordinate conjunctions.

1) Both his sister and brother are lawyers.

2) What they lack is not money but experience.

3) They have come to China not only to learn Chinese, but also to learn about her culture as well.

4) I find the new manager neither easy to get along with nor delightful to talk to.

5) You may either write your essay in your regular exercise book or print a copy if you do it on your computer.

3. Put in the right preposition from the list below.

1) as, on

2) like

3) out of

4) For/On, along with

5) By/Near, behind, in, with

6) as, in, in, from, to/into, at/from

7) about, to, from, with, near, from, in, in, on, like

8) on/upon, of, round, on, beside, for, by, off, into, under, to, on, on to, under

IV . Written work

大家懂的~

Suppose you are the writer and write what you said to the tall student about the purpose of a university in about 130 words.

Sample:

One day back in January of 1940 , a student came to my office and told me that he had come to college to be a pharmacist. He said he didn‘t see why he should read Shakespeare. I tried, to the best of my ability, to explain what a university is supposed to do. I told him that the job of a university was to produce/ turn out specialists is who were at the same time civilized citizens. In other words, the business of a university is not only to help its students acquire knowledge and professional skills, but also to put them in touch with the great minds of the past. I pointed out that if a person just wanted to be a mechanized savage he had no business being in college.

Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother

I. Do you have a similar story to tell? Is it also about a wolf, about how a dog saved his little master from drowning, about how a horse saved a horseman, about how a tiger rapid the kindness of a doctor who had cured his skin trouble? OK, go ahead and tell us.

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

? Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).

bandage hit waste journey risk camp

(1)You can‘t run a business without taking __________. ()

(2)The secret of his successful business is that he gets ahead during the time others __________.

()

(3)Success is a __________, not a destination. ()

(4)The old city area has been heavily__________ by the earthquake. ()

(5)She has __________successfully across the desert. ()

(6)The weather was fine, so we decided to __________ out for the night. ()

(7)The soldier refuse to leave his comrades. He __________ his head and continued to fight. ()

2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and ―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed.

snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow)

blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood)

Put the following phrases into Chinese.

o a state-owned factory

o home-made cakes

o heart-felt thanks

o an enemy-occupied area

o snow-covered fields

o test-oriented education

o government-controlled shares

o a poverty-stricken village

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o a student-centered approach

o sugar-coated pills

plete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

all for the best

at the edge of

in search of

in sth‘s or sb‘s place

to below itself outto quite down

to come into focus

to work one‘s way out of

? Mr. Watson put up a fence __________ his vegetable field to keep the passersby from crossing it.

? Before I wrote his biography, I spent almost two years in the national library __________ information about him.

? The chairperson tried to make the discussion __________ because it was impossible to solve all the problems just in one afternoon.

? He decided to take the job although it didn‘t pay well. He felt it was probably__________. ? It took them a whole week to __________ the big forest.

? When the storm finally __________, they found three people missing.

? Ms. Wu acted __________ while he was away on holiday.

? The people were extremely angry. They shouted in loud protest. It took the mayor 10 minutes to make them __________.

? For days, warships and fishing boats were sent to that area __________ survivors.

? When the moving objects __________, we found that they were only swans.

3.Choose the right phrasal verbs in the brackets and put them in proper forms.

? I felt a sharp pain when the nurse__________ (tear away, tear off) the blood-soaked bandage from the wound in my leg.

? I was walking along the river the other day when I saw a kid fall into the water. I immediately __________ (tear away, tear off) my jacket and jumped into the river to save them.

? The old houses have been __________ (tear off, tear down) to make room for a new shopping center.

? The sunset was so beautiful in the mountains that we had trouble ourselves __________. (tear away, tear off)

4.Put the Chinese into English.

? 他们把病人的档案全储存在计算机里了。(store)

? 那个盲人夜里演奏的悲伤的音乐能使我们感动得流泪。(move)

? 她把一块湿毛巾放在我的额头上以止住鼻子出血。(put)

? 每次回家她总是先把手提包往沙发上一扔。(throw)

? 和人说话时千万不要用手指着他。(point)

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? 侦探跟踪他到幸福街五号。(follow)

? 纳尔逊把我们分成两组后带着其中的一组去了实验室。（divide, take）

? 司机赶快把她送到附近的医院。（take）

? 教师们正在努力使学生接触到世界文学的精华。（expose）

5.Put in the missing words.

Zoos have existed for so long that no one knows the origins of the ones. At one time, zoos were

(1)______ to entertain kings, queens, princes and princesses. Today, there are probably over 500 public (2)_____ the world. The one with the greatest (3)______ of animals is in Berlin.

Years ago, zoos always (4)______ animals in barred cages but now zoos (5)______ to keep their animals in more natural surroundings. (6)______ a result, there is great improvement in the

(7)_____ animals are treated, housed and bred. One of the best zoos in the United States is at San Diego in California, (8)_____the climate makes it possible or for the animals to live (9)____ most of the year. As civilization spreads and natural wildernesses (10)______ reduced, zoos have become more important. They (11)______ places where race animals (12)_____ be preserved form extinction.

Game reserves have (13)_____ in parts of Europe for hundreds of years for hunting purposes. Today, (14)______, they are usually places where wildlife are (15)_____ form hunters and can live and breed (16)______ by man. One of the largest (17)______ in the world is the KrugerNational Park in South Africa, where elephants, zebras and lions are (18)________ the attractions.

III. Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

? We must read the instructions carefully ___________________________ (在使用这台笔记本电脑之前)。

? I used to cycle to school ___________(天好的时候)。

? Jane was about to say yes __________________________________(突然听见一个熟悉的声音叫她)。

? The young man didn’t realize that money wasn’t everything____________________ (直到他父亲在一次事故中丧身)。

? It may be years ____________________ (这两个国家才能达成协议)。

? I was getting ready for bed _________________ (听见楼下有人)。

? I telephoned the police__________________________ (一听见可疑的声音)。

? She had just been enrolled by a teachers’ college __________________________________ (北京大学的录取通知就到了)。

9)You have to work at least for five years in the workshop__________________________ (才能指望提升)。

10）We had no idea what china had achieved over the past twenty years __________________________________(我们到达之前).

2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖.

1) __________ corner grocery store was __________ American tradition, but now it is dying out.

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In __________ older times there was __________ small grocery store in every neighborhood. Every day, __________ housewife went to __________ store to buy __________ milk, __________ fresh bread, and __________ losing __________ business to __________ large supermarkets.

? __________ supermarkets are bigger than __________ corner stores. __________ corner store is __________ family business, __________ ―Ma and Pa ‖ operation. __________ supermarkets employ more people. They are newer, more modern, and they stay open longer. They have __________ greater variety of __________ products, and they offer __________ lower prices. Many people miss __________ old corner store. It was smaller, friendlier, and closer to _________ home. But __________ small businesses can‘t complete with __________ large companies.

IV. Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue? You are expected to cover these points:

o How the boy was trapped in a snowstorm

o What dangerous situation he was in

o How the wolf came to his rescue

答案：

Lesson Two Maheegun My Brother

II . Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Complete the following sentences with the words in their proper forms from the list below. Write N (noun) or V (verb).

(1) risks (N)

(2) waste (V)

(3) journey (N)

(4) hit (V)

(5) journeyed (V)

(6) camp (V)

(7) bandaged (V)

2) Study how the compound words―snow-filled‖(para.23) and ―blood-soaked‖(para.29) are formed.

snow-filled (adj.): ___ + ____ (meaning: filled with snow)

blood-soaked (adj.) ____ + ___ (meaning: soaked with blood)

Put the following phrases into Chinese.

(1) 国营的工厂

(2) 家庭制作的蛋糕

(3) 由衷的感谢

大家懂的~

(4) 敌人占领区

(5) 白雪覆盖的田野

(6) 应试教育

(7) 政府所控股份

(8) 贫困的山村

(9) 以学生为中心的方法

(10)裹着糖衣的药片

2． Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1） at the edge of

2） in search of

3） come into focus

4） only too to

5） work their way out of

6） blew itself out

7） in his place

8） quite down

9） in search of

10) came into focus

3. Choose the right phrasal verbs i the brackets and put them in proper forms.

1) tore off 2) tore off 3) tore down 4) tearing, away

4. Put the Chinese into English.

1) They have stored all the patients‘ records into the computer.

2) The blind man‘s sad music played at night could move us to tears.

3) She put a wet towel on my forehead to stop my nose bleeding.

4) Each time she came back home, she would first throw her handbag onto the sofa.

5) Never point your finger at the person you are speaking to.

6) The detective followed him to No. 5, Happiness, Street.

7) After he divided us into two groups, Mr. Nelson took one group to the lab.

8) The drover took her to a nearby hospital immediately.

9) The teachers are making a great effort to expose the students to the best of world literature.

5. Put in the missing words.

(1) used (2) around/in (3) variety (4) kept (5) try (6) As

(7) ways (8) where (9) outdoors (10) are (11) provide (12) can

(13) existed (14) however (15) safe (16) undisturbed (17) reserves (18) among

III . Grammar

1. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets.

1) before we use the new laptop

2) when it was fine

3) when he heard a familiar voice calling her

4) until his father was killed in an accident

5) before the two countries can reach an agreement

大家懂的~

6) when I heard someone downstairs

7) as soon as I heard the strange noise

8) when the letter of admission arrived from Peking University

9) before you can expect a promotion

10) before we arrived there

2. Put in articles where necessary. When no article is needed, put in a slash―/‖.

1) The, an, /, a, the, the, /, /, /, /, /

2) /, /, The, a, a, /, a, /, /, the, /, /, /

IV . Written work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

How did the boy in the story get in a snowstorm and how did Maheegun come to his rescue? Sample:

When the boy was walking home after spending the Easter holidays in his cousins‘ place, he got lost in a snowstorm and was trapped in the wild. On the third or fourth day, the boy was in a very dangerous situation: it was terribly cold, and he could hardly find any more wood to build a fire. What‘s more, he cut his hand by accident, and a wolf followed the bloodspots on the snow and found where he was. Soon another wolf came, and the two of them were only 50 feet away. Just then Maheegun appeared as if from nowhere. He drove off the other two. Throughout the night, Maheegun staye with the boy, watching for any attackers. The next day the search team arrived and took the boy home.

Lesson Three More Crime and Less Punishment

I. Oral Work

1. Discuss the following question in your group.

It is reported that many countries suffer an increase in crime nowadays. How do you account for this phenomenon? The following points may be of use for your discussion:

1) the police and court being too soft on criminals

2) the bad influence of other cultures

3) the lack of effective laws

4) the lack of moral control

5) the gap between the rich and poor

6) corruption

II. Vocabulary

1. Practice using the rules of word formation.

1) Examine how the words " approval' and " nontraffic" are formed. Find out the

meaning of the suffix " -al " and prefix "non-" with the help of a dictionary.

approval: ______+_______

nontraffic:______+ _______

2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding "-al" and vice versa. Add more words to the list.

Verb Noun

renew ______________________

deny ______________________

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dismiss ______________________

refuse ______________________

survive ______________________

___________________ arrival

___________________ disapproval

___________________ proposal

___________________ withdrawal

___________________ ______________________

3) Add the prefix " non-" to the following words and then put them into Chinese.

(1) aggression (6) professional

(2) cooperation (7) resistance

(3) existence (8) smoker

(4) fiction (9) standard

(5) interference (10) violence

2. Give the opposite of the following.

1) to approve 11) major (adj.)

2) certainty 12) maximum

3) comfortable 13) necessary

4) construction 14) powerless

5) costly 15) real

6) current (adj.) 16) to reduce

7) decline 17) to reject

8) feasible 18) to scatter

9) harsh (said of punishment) 19) tough (said of a policy)

10) to lock up 20) violence

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms

due to

to amount to

to have charge of sb. / sth .

under supervision./ under the supervision of

so ... as to

to be faced with

to pay for

the other way around

to get tough with sb.

to work out to

1 ) The city government has decided to build a green area in the center of the city. It will _____ 30, 000 square meters.

2 ) Daisy wouldn't be _______ careless _____________forget her passport.

3 ) Flights were delayed ____________the most serious storm the city had ever had.

4) Feeling sorry for what they had done, they promised to the damaged

ship.

5) Mr. Zhang _______________ the four branch companies in the south.

6) The new director ______________ great difficulties, but he was confident.

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7) The customers demanded the authorities _____________ those who sell unhealthy food.

8) Many people believe that population explosion causes poverty. But scholars say that it could be just _______ .

9) It is reported that the total U. S. investment in Hong Kong _______ $20. 8

billion.

10) After the terrorist attack, all air passengers were ____________.

11) ____________his hard work, he realized his dream and was admitted to the university at the age of fifty-two.

12) In our city, about 10, 000 high school graduates were admitted to college this year. It about sixty percent of the total.

13) My graduation paper was completed __________________ Professor Chu.

14) In the next five years, the cost of environmental protection projects will_______

$ 55 billion, which is one percent of the nation's GNP.

4.Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun "phrases for the following,

1) to ___________ a crime 6) to dismiss ____________

2) to ___________ research 7) to gain _______________

3) to ___________ a solution 8) to release ____________

4) to ___________ a threat 9) to lower ______________

5) to ___________ evidence 10) to pay ______________

5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form.

1) I bought this pair of shoes cheap. It only ______(cost, pay, spend) me 50 yuan.

2) He ________(cost, pay, spend) 2, 000 yuan to get the permission to sit in her class.

3) I finished the test paper quite early, so I was able to____(spend, take) sometime checking what I had done.

4) Helen tried to _____ (convince, persuade) her students that it was not a good idea to specialize too early.

5) We tried to _____ (convince, persuade) them to take our advice, but all our efforts were in vain.

6) Kent was finally ____ (convince, persuade; of the need to read more simplified books.

7) He felt frustrated when his application for membership was ____ (refuse, reject) again.

8) We have very strict quality control over our products. Anything that is imperfect will be____ (refuse, reject).

9) If you go and ask her for help, she will not ______ (refuse, reject).

10) I told him not to overwork, but he ____ (refuse, reject) to listen.

6. Examine the uses of "fail" and "suggest" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

A decade of careful research has failed to provide clear and convincing evidence.. . (para. 3) (to fail to do sth. )

The best estimates suggest that 36 million to 40 million people have arrest records... (para. 1) (to suggest + that-clause)

Other possible uses of "fail" and"suggest":

fail:

suggest::

1) Some people are worried that the peace move in that area will fail.

2) They failed in their attempt to rob the bank. Two of them were killed and the rest were arrested.

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3) Memory failed him when he wanted to give the figure.

4) Her sight began to fail when she was about 60.

5) Mr. Li praised my paper and suggested a few changes.

6) As the matter is urgent, I suggest going there by air.

7) Wang Wei suggested that we should reconsider her offer.

7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined part in the sentences below, list other possible verbs, and then, based on the information given, complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets.

This is why the certainty and severity of punishment must go down when the

crime rate goes up. (para. 2)

The decline has made it easier to gain admission... (para. 4)

Verb patterns:

Other possible verbs:

1) Robert has decided to build a library in his town next year with his money. This is _______________________________ (what, when, how, where).

2) The two leaders differed in their attitude toward globalization and they finally became rivals. That was _____________________________________ (why, how).

3) In order to win more and more people over, they preached their ideas persistently. That was ________________________________________________ (why, how).

4) We agreed to meet at the entrance of the theatre yesterday. That is ___________________________________(where).

5) —When do you feel truly happy?

—I think it's __________________________________ (when).

6) My grandmother is old and sick. I don't want to leave her alone.

I____________________(feel, necessary)________________________________.

7) Since the new policy was adopted, the central and western parts of China have developed at a much faster speed.

The new policy____________________(make, possible)____________________.

8) Many factories have decided to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes.

Many factories __________________(find, profitable)______________________.

9) We should have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society.

We_______________________(think, essential)___________________________. 10) We should see our limitations as well as strengths.

We____________________(consider, important)__________________________.

8. Put in the missing words.

We spent a day in the country, picking wild flowers. Our car (1) ________ like a florist's shop inside! On the way (2 )__________we had to stop (3) ______traffic

lights, and there my wife noticed (4)______cupboard. It was tall and narrow, and it stood on the pavement outside a (5)_______shop.

"Buy it, " she said at once. "Well carry it home on the roof rack. I've (6)______

wanted one like that. " -

What could I do? Ten minutes (7) ______I was ￡20 poorer, and the cupboard was (8) ——————on to the roof rack. It was six feet long and eighteen inches square, quite heavy too. In (9) _____ gathering darkness I drove slowly. (10) __________drivers seemed

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unusually polite that evening. The (11) ___ even stopped traffic to let us through. (12)______ furniture was a good idea.

After a time my wife said, "There's a long (13) ______ of cars behind. Why don't they overtake, I

(14) ______?"

In fact a police car (15) ______ overtake. The two officers inside looked at us

seriously (16)________they passed. But then, with great kindness, they (17 )______

us through the rush-hour traffic. The police car (18) ______ at our village church.

One of the officers came to me.

"Right, sir, " he said. "Do you need any more (19) _____________now?"

I was a bit (20) ______________. "Thanks, officer, " I said. "You've been very kind. I live just (21) ______________ the road. "

He was (22) _____ at our load: first at the flowers, then at the cupboard. "Well, well," he said, laughing, "(23) _____________ cupboard you've got there! We thought it was—er, something (24) __________. "

My wife began to laugh. Then the truth hit (25) ______ like a stone between the eyes. I smiled (26) ______the officer. "Yes, it's a cupboard, but thanks again." I

(27) _________home as fast as I could.

III. Grammar

1. Combine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below. and (only) to do… so so that

so… that so…as to do… the more…the more…

Model: He quit smoking. His health improved dramatically.

— He quit smoking and his health soon improved dramatically.

Or: — He quit smoking so that his health soon improved dramatically.

1) The boy fell off his bike. He broke his leg.

2) It rained all day yesterday. We got nothing done in the fields.

3) The man was very tired. He could hardly put one foot before the other.

4) The old man walked fast. His children found it hard to keep up with him.

5) The man was badly injured. They took him straight to the hospital.

6) He won't give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain. I don't think he is that stupid.

7) The professor spoke very fast. None of the students could take complete notes.

8) We found much to talk about. It was late at night when we remembered the time.

9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French. Nobody misunderstood what he said.

10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web. He found she was his own wife.

11) It's something urgent. Please do your best and finish it soon.

12) The medical team must set out immediately. The number of victims they will be able to save depends on how soon they arrive.

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.

1) Using "as ... as"

Example 1: Xiao Li speaks English fluently and so does Xiao Jiang.

— Xiao Jiang speaks English as fluently as Xiao Li.

Example 2: Jane is intelligent and so is his little brother.

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— Jane's little brother is as intelligent as she is.

Example 3: She expected to do well in the exam, but she didn't.

— She didn't do as well as she had expected.

(1) Children love Hans Christian Andersen's stories very much and so do adults.

(2) Professor Xu's textbook English is very popular in China and New Concept English is almost equally popular.

(3) A policeman's job is dangerous and so is that of a journalist sometimes.

(4) A society needs scientists and economists as well as farmers and factory workers.

(5) At 60, he is still eager to learn, just as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student.

(6) We expected the film to be very good but it turned out to be just so-so.

(7) He's doing well but his parents want him to do better.

(8) The boys find life at college quite uneventful. They used to think it would be exciting.

(9) The guard spoke politely to the boy, just like a host to a welcome guest.

(10) In old age, a man's life is calm and peaceful like a river running through a vast plain.

2) Using "more ... than"

Example 1: I'm not as careful as he is.

—> He is more careful than me/I am. Example 2: He doesn't swim as well as his sister.

—? His sister swims better than he (does). Example 3: The man doesn't know as much about the Web as his son (does).

—> The man's son knows more about the Web than him/he does.

(1) Incomes have not been rising as fast as prices.

(2) Ten years ago, relations between the two countries were not as good as they are now.

(3) Before World War II, the world did not change as fast as it has been changing since its end.

(4) Fifty years ago, scientists didn't know as much about the personal computer as a high school student today.

(5) Fifty years ago, the world wasn't as crowded as it is today.

(6) On the whole, 30 years ago, people weren't living as good a life as they are today.

(7) How much you will improve depends on how soon you learn from your mistakes.

(8) As you learn more, you will see how little you knew before.

3. Do the following, using expressions of comparison.

1) Interview some of your fellow students. Ask them to compare two persons they know of or two things/places they are familiar with.

2) Compare the world today with what it was like 50 years ago, mentioning both the achievements and the problems.

4. Learn to use the passive voice correctly.

1) The sentences tell us about the changes that have taken place in your hometown in the last twenty years or so. Turn each of them into the passive form and write it down in the space below.

(1) We've pulled down most of the slums.

___________________________________________________________.

(2) WeVe built quite a lot of decent economic houses for low-income families.

___________________________________________________________.

(3) We've widened the main streets and constructed three superhighways.

___________________________________________________________.

(4) We've steadily developed the service industry.

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___________________________________________________________.

(5) Over the years, the service industry has created thousands of jobs for the residents. ___________________________________________________________.

(6) We've done a lot to improve the environment.

___________________________________________________________.

(7) We've moved quite a number of factories out of the city.

___________________________________________________________.

(8) We‘ve spent a lot of money on education and medical care. ___________________________________________________________.

(9) The universities have enrolled more than 40,000 young people over the last three years. ___________________________________________________________.

(10) We’ve upgraded (使升级) the facilities (设备) of our major hospitals.

___________________________________________________________.

2) Change the infinitive phrases into suggestions, using the pattern "I think something should be done" or "I suggest (that) something be done".

Example: to take effective measures to prevent crimes

— I think effective measures should be taken to prevent crimes. Or: — I suggest effective measures be taken to prevent crimes.

(1) to strictly control TV violence

(2) to provide the police force with better equipment and training

(3) to punish criminals/crimes more severely when crimes/they are on the increase

(4) to award those who help the police fight crime

(5) to put emphasis on rehabilitation instead of on punishment

(6) to make efforts to turn criminals into useful members of society

(7) to give wrongdoers opportunities to start life afresh

(8) not to look down upon lawbreakers who are willing to turn over a new leaf

(9) not to treat released prisoners as criminals any more as long as they behave themselves Write down more suggestions here:

___________________________________________________________.

___________________________________________________________.

___________________________________________________________.

IV. Written Work

Answer the question in about 130 words.

Do you agree with the author that severe punishment is not the answer to the problem of crime?

Your answer should cover these points:

1. State your view in the first sentence.

2. Give reasons for your view.

3. Offer your solution to the problem.

答案:

Key to the Exercises

II. Vocabulary

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1. Practice using the rules of word formation

1)Examine how the words ―approval‖and ―nontraffic‖are formed. Find out the meaning of the suffix "-al" and prefix "non-" with the help of a dictionary.

approval: approve + -al

nontraffic: non- + traffic

Suffix "-al", from Latin, is used to form nouns meaning "the act of", e. g.

approve + -al ---- approval (n. ) = the act of approving

Prefix "non-", from Latin, usually means "not".

2) Turn the following verbs into nouns by adding "-al" and vice versa. Add more words to the list. Verb Noun Verb Noun

renew -> renewal arrive <- arrival

deny denial disapprove disapproval

dismiss dismissal propose proposal

refuse refusal withdraw withdrawal

survive survival

3) Add the prefix "non-" to the following words and then put them into Chinese.

(1) 不侵犯 （6）非专业的；非专业人员

(2）不合作 （7）不抵抗

(3) 不存在 （8）不抽烟者

(4) 非小说作品 （9）不标准的

(5) 不干涉 （10）非暴力

2. Give the opposite of the following.

1) to disapprove 2) uncertainty 3) uncomfortable

4) destruction 5) cheap/inexpensive 6) past

7) rise/increase 8 ) unfeasible/infeasible/impossible/impractical

9) gentle/mild 10) to release

11)minor/unimportant 12) minimum 13) unnecessary

14) powerful 15) unreal 16) to increase

17) to accept 18) to gather/ to collect 19) soft

20) nonviolence

3. Complete the sentences with the expressions listed below in their proper forms.

1) work out to 2) so ... as to 3) due to

4) pay for 5) has charge of 6) was faced with

7) get tough with 8) the other way around 9) works out to/amounts to

10) under (close) supervision

12) works out to 13) under the supervision of 14) amount to

4. Supply three or four verbs/phrasal verbs, or nouns/noun phrases for the following.

1) commit, deter, prevent, punish, reduce (crimes)

2) carry out, conduct, do

3) find, offer, seek, suggest, work out, have

4) carry out, impose, make, present

5) find, gather, give, produce, provide, seek

6) a worker, a class, a proposal, a question, a suggestion, the charge

7) knowledge, experience, strength, weight, speed, permission, approval, admission, advantage

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8) a prisoner, a film, a missile, information, news, pain, sb.'s arm, the bird

9) the birth/death/crime rate, one's voice, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the standards

10) a debt, cash, rent, the interest, the price, the taxes, the tuition, wages, salary

5. Choose the right word from the bracket and put it in the proper form.

1) cost 2) paid 3) spend 4) convince

5) persuade 6) convinced 7) rejected/refused 8) rejected

9) refuse 10) refused

6. Examine the uses of "fail" and "suggest" in the sentences below. List other possible uses of these words and then make sentences after the models.

Other possible uses of "fail" and "suggest":

fail: to fail (vi. )

to fail sb.

Suggest: to suggest sth.

to suggest doing sth.

to suggest + that-clause in the subjective mood

7. Give the verb patterns of the underlined part in the sentences below, list other possible verbs, and then, based on the information given, complete the sentences with the words given in the brackets.

Verb patterns: to be + wh-clause

to make + it + adj. + to-infinitive (phrase)

Other possible verbs: consider, feel, find, think

One possibility of the sentences;

1) what Robert has decided to do with his money

when Robert is going to build a library in his town with his own money

how Robert is going to spend his money next year

where Robert is going to build a library with his own money

2) why/how the two leaders finally became rivals

3) why they preached their ideas persistently

4) where we agreed to meet yesterday

5) when I've helped sb. out of difficulty/when I feel really useful/when I feel myself

needed and wanted/when I am respected and loved/when I have the power and money to do sth. worthwhile, etc.

6) feel it necessary to stay with my grandmother and take care of her

7) has made it possible for the central and western parts of China to develop at a much faster speed

8) have found it profitable to invest big money in recycling industrial wastes

9) think it essential to have a highly developed culture if we want to modernize our society

10) consider it important to see our limitations as well as our strengths

8. Put in the missing words.

(1) looked (2) home (3) at (4) a (5) furniture

(6) always (7) later (8) tied (9) the (10) Other

(11) police (12) Carrying (13) line (14) wonder (15) did

(16) as (17) led (18) stopped (19) help (20) puzzled

(21) down (22) staring (23) It's (24) else (25) me

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(26) at (27) drove

III. Grammar

bine each pair of the sentences after the model using the words and expressions below.

1) The boy fell off his bike and broke his leg.

2) It rained all day yesterday, so we got nothing done in the fields.

3) The man was so tired that he could hardly put one foot before the other.

4) The old man walked 50 fast that his children found it hard to keep up with him.

5) The man was so badly injured that they took him straight to the hospital.

Or: The man was badly injured and was taken straight to the hospital.

6) I don't think he is so stupid as to give up his present position when jobs are hard to obtain.

7) The professor spoke very fast, 50 (that) none of the students could take complete notes. Or: The professor spoke so fast that none of the students could take complete notes.

8) We found so much to talk about that it was late at night when we remembered the time.

9) Mr. Hu repeated his remarks in English and French, so that nobody misunderstood

what he said.

10) The man went to meet a girlfriend he had got to know on the Web, but only to find she was his own wife.

11) As it's something urgent, the sooner you finish it, the better.

Or: As it's something urgent, please finish it as soon as possible.

12) The medical team must set out immediately, because the sooner they arrive, the more victims they will be able to save.

2. Rewrite the sentences as shown in the examples.

1) Using "as ...as"

(1) Adults love Hans Christian Andersen's stories as much as children (do).

(2) In China, New Concept English is almost as popular as Professor Xu's textbook

English.

(3) Sometimes a journalist's job is as dangerous as that of a policeman.

(4) A society needs farmers and factory workers as much as it needs scientists and

economists.

(5) At 60, he is as eager to learn as he was 40 years ago when he was a college student.

(6) The film wasn't as good as we expected. It was just so-so.

(7) He is not doing as well as his parents want him to.

(8) The boys find life at college is not as exciting as they used to think.

(9) The guard spoke as politely as if the boy were a welcome guest.

(10) In old age, a man's life is as calm and peaceful as a river running through a vast plain.

2) Using "more ... than"

(1) Prices have been rising faster than incomes.

(2) Relations between the two countries are better than they were 10 years ago.

(3) Since the end of World War II, the world has been changing faster than before the war.

(4) Today a high school student knows more about the personal computer than scientists did 50 years ago.

(5) The world has become more crowded than it was 50 years ago.

(6) On the whole, people are living a better life than they did 30 years ago.

(7) The sooner you learn from your mistakes, the more you will improve.

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