高考英语一轮复习基础知识巩固一能力提升北师大版必修2

础知识巩固-能力提升

Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用 一、单词拼写

1．*(2015·四川，阅读E)The most popular ________(观点，看法) is that Egyptian workers slid the blocks along smooth paths.

2．(2014·江西，阅读B)They should not feed them in a close distance because the wild animals may ________(攻击) people.

3．(2015·广东，阅读B)The smarter a child is，the less ________(有可能) he gets addicted to TV.

4．You can check your baggage right through to its final ________(目的地)． 5．(2013·天津，完形)It was a challenging time for everyone，but Dad remained ________ (乐观的)．

6．(2015·浙江，阅读C)Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some aspect of life is ________(影响)．

7．It was ________ (安排)that the party would gather for lunch in the Royal Garden Hotel.

8．An ________ (平均) of 10，000 yuan a year should be spent on repairing the building. 9．*(2013·北京，阅读A)If you order after that，we reserve the right to either accept or ________(拒绝) order requests at the discounted price.

10．(2015·重庆，阅读A) When everyone else in the class was ________(集中)on tasks，I could not.

答案 1.view 2.attack 3.likely 4.destination 5.optimistic 6.affected 7.arranged 8.average 9.reject/refuse 10.f ocusing

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二、用所给词的适当形式填空

1．*(2015·广东，阅读C)Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of ________ (entertain)．

2.(2014·辽宁，七选五)While some follow the medical ________ (guide)for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 3．(2014·四川，阅读D)________(obvious)，students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.

4．(2013·安徽，完形)You will have more success if you study ________(regular)，so try to develop a routine.

5．It's not a ________ (science)way to test their opinions.

6．(2015·陕西，阅读C)The ________ (destroy) of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.

7．(2014·陕西，单词拼写)They failed to reach a ________(settle)，because they disagree too much with each other.

8．Food production has already fallen behind the population ________(grow)． 9．Some tourist ________ in Beijing ________ many foreigners to pay a visit because they are ________．(attract)

10．The ________ is said to have committed many ________ before being arrested.(crime) 11．The ________ materials became ________ to the environment after being conducted.(harm)

12．*The man ________ that the manager should accept his ________ which he thought were of great value.(suggest)

答案 1.entertainment 2.guidance 3.Obviously 4.regularly 5.scientific 6.destruction 7.settlement 8.growth 9.attractions；attract；attractive 10．criminal；crimes 11.harmful；harmless 12.suggested；suggestions 三、开心词场

Tourism is in fashion.I suggest a tour to the newly－built park as our destination for entertainment at the weekend，where the artificial scenery is very attractive. How about the arrangement？Never destroy the plan.Let's make it a reality. 【联想·积累】

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?迷人的“风景” ①scene ②view ③sight ④scenery ⑤landscape ⑥outlook

?表示“同意”与“反对”的高频单词集锦 ①support n．& vt.支持；拥护 ②agree vi.同意

③approve vt.&vi. 批准；赞成 ④disagree vi.不同意 ⑤object vi. 反对；不赞成 ⑥oppose vt. 反对；反抗；抵抗

⑦reject vt. 抛弃；排斥；拒绝；驳回；否决 ⑧resist vt.& vi. 抗拒；抵抗；抵御 ?说说以-ment为后缀的名词 ①statement 陈述；说明 ②achievement 功绩；成就 ③adjustment 调节；调整 ④advertisement 广告 ⑤announcement 通知；广告 ⑥settlement 协议

⑦entertainment 娱乐；消遣

?一起了解表示“建议，劝说”的高频词汇 ①advise v．劝告；建议→advice n．忠告；建议 ②propose v．建议；提议→proposal n．建议 ③recommend v．劝告；建议→recommendation建议 ④suggest v．建议→suggestion n．建议 ⑤persuade v. 劝服 ?词汇拓展

①retire vi.退休→retired adj.退休的；退役的→retirement n．退休；退役

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②invitation n．请柬；邀请→invite vt.邀请→inviting adj.诱人的

③occasion n．时刻，时机→occasional adj.偶然的→occasionally adv.偶然地，偶尔 ④power n．控制力;权力→powerful adj.强大的→powerless adj.无影响力的;无权的

⑤contribute vt.捐献，贡献→contribution n．贡献→contributor n．捐助者；贡献者 Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 一、补全短语

1．as ________ 好像，仿佛 2．________ the flesh 本人亲身 3．*as ________ as 也，又 4．________ action 采取行动 5．what's ________ 而且 6．cut ________ 切掉，切断

7．have problems ________ 在……方面有困难

答案 1.if 2.in 3.well 4.take 5.more 6.off 7.with 二、短语填空

*hang on；*make up；consist of；get in touch with；come true；be known as；be up to；take over 1．I'm trying to ____________ Jane.Do you have her number?

2．Finally Wang Yaping's dream to become a teacher in space ____________ . 3．Zhejiang ____________ the land of tea of our country.

4．The story that he told us was partly true and partly ____________ . 5．Our team ____________ five girls and ten boys. 6．Her latest book ____________ her usual standard.

7．I know you are tired，but try to ____________ a bit longer. 8．In what fields will robots ____________ human tasks? 答案 1.get in touch with 2.came true 3.is known as 4.made up 5．consists of 6.is up to 7.hang on 8.take over 【联想·积累】

?主谓一致使用“就前原则”的词汇概览

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①rather than 而不是 ②except/but 除了 ③with/together with 和 ④along with 和 ⑤including 包括 ⑥as well as 也，又，和 ?电话用语短语小聚

①hang on (电话用语)别挂断；别放弃 ②ring off 挂断电话 ③hang up 挂断电话 ④hold the line 别挂断 ?make相关短语小结

①make up 占；组成；弥补；编造 ②make up for 弥补；补偿 ③be made up of 由……构成

④make up one's mind to do 下定决心做

.经典句式→识记·思考·运用

1．It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.(it作形式主语)

很显然，我们会看到网上购物的大幅度增长。

[仿写]________________ The man from the stars is popular with young people. 很明显，《来自星星的你》很受年轻人的喜欢。

2．*Do you have anything planned for Saturday and Sunday? (have sth done“让某物遭受”)

你周六、周日有什么安排吗？

[仿写]It's time for us to ________ our website page ________． 到了我们该更新网页的时候了。

3．Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation.(as if“好像，

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似乎”)

有些专家看到虚拟现实的未来——运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效果，使你感觉就好像生活在现实中一样。

[仿写]Park Geun－hye，the president of South Korea，speaks Chinese so well ________________.韩国总统朴槿惠汉语讲得如此好就像中国人一样。 4．*But I still find it hard to imagine.(it作形式宾语) 但我还是觉得令人难以想象。

[仿写]________________ to watch the program Chinese Characters Dictation Competition.我觉得《中国汉字听写大会》这个节目值得看。

答案 1.It is obvious that 2.have/get；updated 3.as if she were Chinese 4．I find it worthwhile 【联想·积累】

?使役动词have的用法小结

①“have sb do sth”结构，即用不加to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示“让、叫某人做某事”。

②“have sb/sth doing” 结构，即现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“让(使)某人或某事处于某种状态，听任” 。

③“have sb/sth done”结构，即过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“让别人干某事，遭受到”。“done”是被动接受的含义，表示动作并不是主语发出的。 ?接it作形式宾语的动词

consider，think，make，find，believe，count，declare，fancy，feel，guess，imagine，judge，prove，see，show，suppose，understand，take等。

Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用

will和be going to的用法与虚拟语气(Ⅰ) 用所给动词的适当形式填空

1．Look at the dark clouds.It ________(rain)． 2．—Ann is in hospital.

—Oh，really？I didn't know.I ________(go) and visit her.

3．*If I ________(be) you，I ________(seize) the chance to go abroad.

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4．If I ________(see) him tomorrow，I would invite him home.

5．If you ________(take) my advice，you ________(cry) over your failure now. 答案 1.is going to rain 2.will go 3.were；would seize 4.should see/were to see/saw 5.had taken；wouldn't be crying 【联想·积累】

虚拟语气用于非真实条件句中

与将来事 实相反 的假设 虚拟条件句 ①if＋主语＋动词的过去式 ②if＋主语＋were to＋动词原形 ③if＋主语＋should＋动词原形 主句 主语＋would/could/should/might＋动词原形 7

[单 词 点 睛]

1．likely adj.有可能的adv.可能

[高考例句] (2015·湖北，完成句子)Many bad habits can be especially difficult to cure because they are likely to form at a very young age. 许多坏习惯特别难以纠正，因为它们可能是人们在年幼时就形成了的。 be likely to do sth 很可能做某事 It is likely that...很可能……

① (2015·四川，5)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very ____________ a Beethoven.

Brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。

②(2015·陕西，六选五)If one is late for a job interview，____________ is not likely that he will get the job. 如果面试迟到了，他就很可能得不到这份工作。 答案 ①likely to be ②it

2.focus vi.集中注意;(使)聚焦 n.焦点，焦距，聚焦；(活动、兴趣等的)中心,集中点 [教材原句]In a book with lots of pictures and charts，I am likely to focus mainly on the written text.

在一本有很多图画和图表的书里，我很可能主要注意书面文字。 (1)focus on/upon sth/sb 集中注意力于某物/某人 focus one's attention/eyes on 注意力集中于 (2)in focus 焦距对准，清晰 out of focus 焦距没对准，模糊 ①(2015·湖南，阅读表达) College is when we should ________ a specific major，but high school is when we have to figure it out.

大学是我们应该专注于某一特定专业的时期，而高中是我们必须把它弄清楚的时期。 ②The key question is ________ focus; why not reach a decision? 主要问题已经非常清晰，为何不得出结论呢？

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③You cannot depend on your eyes when your imagination is ________ focus. 想象一旦变得模糊，那么你的眼睛也就靠不住了。 答案 ①focus on ②in ③out of 【巧学助记】

【联想归纳】请想一想我们学过的表示“集中于；专心于”的短语还有哪些？请补全。 ④________ on ⑤be ________ in ⑥be ________ to ⑦be ________ in ⑧be ________ in ⑨be ________ to

答案 ④concentrate ⑤absorbed ⑥addicted ⑦lost ⑧buried ⑨devoted 3．harm vt.& n．伤害，损害

[高考例句] (2014·湖南，书面表达) For another，drinking too cold or too hot water does nothing but harm to our health. 其次，饮用太冷或太热的水只会对健康造成伤害。 (1)do/cause harm to 对……造成伤害 do sb harm＝do harm to sb 伤害某人；对某人有害 There is no harm in doing sth ＝It does no harm to do sth 做某事无害处 (2) be harmful to...对……有害 ①He may not be able to help but there's no harm ________ asking him. 他可能帮不了忙，但是求他一下也无妨。

②(2014·重庆，写作)Indeed，the phone can bring great convenience to our life.However，it can be ________(harm) to our friendship.

手机的确能给我们的生活带来很大的方便。然而，它对我们的友谊是有害的。 答案 ①in ②harmful

4．suggest vt.建议，提议；推荐；表明，暗示

[高考例句](2013·重庆，阅读D)As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.

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正像诗中所表明的那样，大西洋从不会沉寂的像一潭死水。 (1)suggest (sb's) doing sth 建议(某人)做某事 suggest (that)．..(should) do 建议……(从句用虚拟语气) (2)make/offer/give a suggestion 建议，提议 ask for a suggestion 征求建议 ①Someone suggested ________ (send) his brother to the US for treatment. 有人建议送他弟弟去美国治疗。

②My father suggested we ________ (climb)the hill and have a match. 我的父亲建议我们进行一次爬山比赛。

【名师点津】 suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，其主语往往是事物，而不是人。这时suggest后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。

③(2013·重庆，阅读C)Evidence suggests that wheels for transport ________ popular for a while，though.

但证据表明，用于运输的车轮曾一度并未流行起来。 答案 ①sending ②(should) climb ③didn't become

5．settle vi.定居，安家；停留vt.安排，解决，处理；决定；安放

[高考例句](2014·天津，阅读C)He wants me to settle down，but now I want him to find an adventure.

他想让我静下心来过安定的生活，不过现在我倒想让他找个冒险的事去做。

(1) settle down/get settled 定居；稳定；平静下来；舒适地坐下 settle down to (doing) sth 开始专心于某事，着手认真做某事 settle in/into 定居；迁入(新居) settle on 决定，选定；停留，降落 (2)settler n. 移居者 settlement n. 解决；住宅区 ①To tell the truth，I haven't yet settled ________ my new job. 说实话，我对我的新工作还不习惯。

②I must settle down to ________ (finish)________ (write)the book.It is very urgent. 我真的得安下心来写完这本书了，事情很急。

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③But he finally settled ________ literature，particularly drama and poetry. 但是，他最终决定(选择)文学，侧重于戏剧和诗歌。 答案 ①in ②finishing；writing ③on

6．view n．景色，风景；视野；观点；意见vt.眺望；观察；观看；看作

[教材原句]In the city，you can enjoy an amazing view for the Sky Tower，which is the city's tallest Tower.

在这座城市里，你可以享受天空塔的迷人风景，它是这座城市最高的塔。 (1)come into view 看得见，进入视野 (2)in view of 鉴于；考虑到 in one's view 在某人看来 (3)view...as 把……看作 ①As the car approached the town center，several tall buildings came ________ view. 随着汽车靠近镇中心，几座高大的建筑物进入了视野。

②________ view of changing situations，they viewed their former enemies ________ friends.

随着形势的变化，他们把先前的敌人看作朋友了。 【辨析比较】 view/scenery/scene/sight

view scenery 成的景色 可数名词，表示在某一特定环境中呈现的景色，也可指具体的“情景或scene 现场”；还可指戏剧中的一幕 “风景，名胜”，是眼睛所看到的景象，可以指美丽的风景，也可以指sight 悲惨的景象。复数形式sights表示名胜古迹、人文景观等 常指从某个位置或角度所看到的景色，还可表示“观点” 不可数名词，“风景，景色(总称)”，指自然风光；是由多个scene构 选词填空：scene；scenery；sight；view

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③The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking ________ in the world.

④While climbing the mountain，we enjoyed the warm sunshine and a beautiful ________． ⑤We passed through some beautiful ________ on our journey through the Lake District. ⑥Do you remember the ________ in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time? 答案 ①into ②In；as ③sights ④view ⑤scenery ⑥scene

[短 语 点 拨]

1．get in touch 取得联系

[牛津例句]Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station? 如果你希望在一家电台工作，你该与谁取得联系？

keep/stay in touch with 与……保持联系；继续关注某事 be in touch with 和……有联系(状态) lose touch with 和……失去联系(动作) be out of touch with 不了解；失去联系(状态) ①(2013·安徽，阅读D)Don't assume it is OK to be rude if the person you're ________ touch with won't recognize you.

不要认为如果你联系的那个人认不出你，粗鲁就万事大吉。

②I can't give you advice，because I am ________ touch with economic conditions now. 我不能给你提供建议， 因为我不了解现阶段的经济状况。 答案 ①in ②out of

【名师点津】 get in touch with...为短暂性动词短语，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 2．(be) up to 做，忙于，从事于；多达；达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任

[教材原句]What are you up to this weekend，John? 约翰，这个周末你要做什么？ 写出下列句中up to的含义

①We all think that Lucy is the best person who is up to taking charge of our company.____________

②Mother told me it was up to me to decide which college to choose.____________ ③Up to now，we have finished most of the work，and the rest of the work needs to

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be done in two days.____________

④(2013·天津，阅读A) Some study rooms are for 2—3 people and others can hold up to 6—8 people.____________

⑤The children are very quiet.I wonder what they are up to.____________ It is up to you.随你的便；由你来决定 It is up to sb to do sth 该由某人做某事 ⑥____________whether or not to go on with the course. 是否继续上这一门课程由她决定。

答案 ①胜任 ②取决于 ③到……为止 ④达到；多达 ⑤从事，忙于 ⑥It's up to her to decide

3．as well as 也，又

[教材原句]Famous sights include Mt Eden，one of many large volcanoes，as well as the Auckland Harbour Bridge.

著名的风景包括大型火山之一——伊甸山，还有奥克兰海湾大桥。 may/might as well 最好……；还是……为好；不妨 as well 也，还 ①Since nobody else wants to do the job，we might as well ________ him have a try. 既然没有人想做这份工作，我们不妨让他试一试。

【名师点津】 由as well as连接并列主语时，谓语动词的人称和数与前者保持一致。 ②E－mail，as well as telephone，________ an important part in daily communication. 电子邮件与电话一样在日常通讯中起着重要作用。

答案 ①let ②is playing

[句 式 透 析]

1．[教材原句]It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.

很显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。

在It's...that...句式中，it替代后面that引导的主语从句作形式主语。 常见it替代后面的从句作形式主语的句式有：

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(1)It is＋ adj.＋that－clause (2)It is＋n.＋that－clause (3)It is said/believed/reported/hoped/announced...that－clause (4)It＋vi.＋that－clause ①________________ this destruction will become more dangerous in the future. 很明显这种破坏在未来会变得更加危险。

②________________ (that) he'll sign the contract tomorrow.他明天签约是不足为怪的。 ③________________ China will make greater progress in the space cause. 人们相信中国会在航天领域取得更大的进步。 ④__________________ they will win the game. 他们似乎要赢得这场比赛。

答案 ①It is obvious that ②It is no wonder ③It is believed that ④It appears that

2．[教材原句]Some experts see our future in virtual reality—the use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation. 有些专家看到虚拟现实的未来——运用计算机产生的声音和视觉效果，使你感觉好像生活在现实中一样。

(1)as if“好像，似乎”引导表语从句，用于句型“It looks/seems as if...”中。它也可引导状语从句。

(2)省略：如果as if/though引导的方式状语从句为主系表结构且其主语与主句主语一致，则可省略其中的主语和系动词。

(3)语气：如果as if/though引导的从句表示实现的可能性很小或与事实相反，则用虚拟语气；如果实现的可能性较大，则用陈述语气。

①The football player is rolling on the ground ________________ in the leg. 这个足球运动员在球场上打滚，似乎他的腿伤得很严重。

②He opened his mouth as if ________________ something to me. 他张开嘴好像要对我说些什么。

答案 ①as if hurt badly ②to say

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Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．Can you hang ________ while I go for some water?

2．I don't fancy ________ (go) out so far in such bad weather.

3．________ average，a family will use 5 kg of wood per day to cook on a simple wood stove.

4．________ view of the above－mentioned facts，we wish to make the following proposals.

5．If I ________ (be) you，I would seize the chance to go abroad. 6．It sounds as though you ________(have) a good time. 7．Reading in the sun is ________ (harm) to your eyes.

8．It is suggested that he ________ (solve) the problem in another way. 9．Your smoking can do harm ________ the health of your children. 10．Most people walk at ________ average rate of 5 kilometres an hour.

答案 1.on 2.going 3.On 4.In 5.were 6.had 7.harmful 8.(should) solve 9.to 10.an Ⅱ.单句改错

1．On his view，in 50 years，the average human life span will be 150 years old.____________

2．The scientist suggested grow rice on the dried river bed.____________ 3．Mary as well as I have been to the Great Wall.____________ 4．Wherever you go，keep touch with me，please.____________ 5．Brown meat essence is harmful for people's health.____________

6．They settled down to read the text when they came to the room.____________ 7．There is no harm combining the two mixtures.____________ 8．Let us not lose in touch with reality.____________

答案 1.On→In 2.grow→growing 3.have→has 4．touch前加in 5.for→to 6.read→reading 7.harm后加上in 8.去掉in Ⅲ.完成句子

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1．________________(真是可惜) he missed the opportunity to travel abroad. 2．Dad ________________(使早起成为一种习惯) in the morning.

3．I felt a little dizzy，as if I ________________(刚刚醒来) from a long sleep. 4．I finally ________________(取得联系) him after getting separated for ten years. 5．The children are quiet；I wonder ________________(他们在搞什么鬼)!

答案 1.It is a pity that 2.makes it a habit to get up early 3.had just woken up 4.got in touch with 5．what they are up to Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记 一、根据提示翻译句子

1．这个城市发生了地震，毁坏了很多建筑和道路，很显然水电供应被切断。(attack，It is obvious that...)

______________________________________________________________________

2．政府立即采取行动帮助那里的人们。但是起初救援人员不能和那里的人们取得联系。(get in touch with)

______________________________________________________________________

3．很明显当地人的生活受到了极大的影响。因此政府号召全国各地的人们向灾区提供帮助。 (It was clear that...，affect)

______________________________________________________________________ 4．到目前为止，很多人已经在他们的新家定居。(up to now，settle)

______________________________________________________________________答案 1.An earthquake attacked this city，destroying many buildings and roads，and it was obvious that the water and electricity supplies were cut off.

2．The government took immediate action to help the people there.However，at first，rescue workers couldn't get in touch with the people there.

3．It was clear that the local people's life was greatly affected.Therefore，the government called on people all over the country to offer their help to the disaster－hit area.

4．Up to now，many people have settled in their new homes. 二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇

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【参考范文】

An earthquake attacked this city，destroying many buildings and roads，and it was obvious that the water and electricity supplies were cut off.The government took immediate action to help the people there.However，at first，rescue workers couldn't get in touch with the people there.It was clear that the local people's life was greatly affected.Therefore，the government called on people all over the country to offer their help to the disaster－hit area.Up to now，many people have settled in their new homes.

基础训练

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．An earthquake hit the city，________(destroy)many buildings and roads. 2．The programme was intended to focus attention ________ global warming. 3．Fancy ________(sit)in the sun and doing nothing all day!

4．Parents spend ________ average of $200 a year on toys for their children. 5．Don't handle the vase as if it ________ (is) made of steel.

6．They were optimistic ________ the good result they would struggle for. 7．The expert suggested ________ (prepare)enough water and food for the trip，or the travelers would find it hard ________(get) them when they got hungry or thirsty. 8．The father as well as his three children ________ (be)going skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.

答案 1.destroying 2.on 3.sitting 4.an 5.were 6.about 7.preparing；to get 8.is Ⅱ.完成句子

9．The children's faces are badly ________________ in the photograph. 照片上孩子们的脸极其模糊不清。

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10．________________ your staying up late occasionally. 偶尔晚睡并无妨害。

11．The prices were ________________，but they're of the highest quality. 价格比平均水平高，可它们的质量是最好的。

12．Several years later ________________ he became too weak. 很明显，几年后他身体变得很虚弱。

13．Finally he had to ________________ and in the end our dream ________________． 他终于接受了我的建议，我们的愿望实现了。

答案 9.out of focus 10.There's no harm in 11.above average 12.it was clear that 13.follow my suggestion；came true Ⅲ.课文浓缩语法填空

The last three decades has seen that the Internet is growing __14__ (rapid). Nowadays，the number of the computers __15__ are connected to the Internet is around 50 million. Some experts，worrying about the crime in cyberspace，are not __16__ (optimism) about the future. For example，in the future，the computers of banks and governments may __17__ (attack) by __18__ (terror). However，many people hold an opposite view about __19__ future of cyberspace. In their opinion，the Internet can bring them great convenience，such as buying books，__20__ (book) tickets and shopping on the Internet. Besides，people can get __21__ (entertain) from the Net and television and mail service __22__ (appear). __23__ computers widely used，some experts see our future in virtual reality.

答案 14.rapidly 15.which 16.optimistic 17.be attacked 18.terrorists 19.the 20.booking 21.entertainment 22.will disappear 23.With

Ⅳ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Ways to improve your memory

1．Write about your problems.

To do complex tasks we rely on our “working memory”．A more efficient working memory contributes to better learning, planning, reasoning and more.__24__ You sit down for 20 minutes a few times a month and write about problems that have happened to

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you.Researchers found that it improved working memory after 5 weeks. 2．Look at a natural scene.

Nature has a magical effect on us.__25__ In one study people who walked around an arboretum(植物园) did 20% better on a memory test than those who went for a walk around busy streets. 3．Say words aloud.

__26__ If you want to remember something in particular from a load of other things, just say it out loud.A study found memory improvements of 10% for words said out loud. 4．__27__

Meditation has been consistently found to improve cognitive functions, including memory.In one recent study, participants who meditated only 20 minutes once a day, saw boosts to their working memory and other cognitive functions. 5．Use your body to improve memories.

We don't just think with our minds, we also use our bodies.Research has shown that we understand language better if it's accompanied by gestures.__28__ Researchers trying to teach Japanese verbs to English speakers found that gesturing while learning helped encode the memory.Participants who used hand gestures which suggested the words were able to recall almost twice as many Japanese words a week later. A．Meditate a little bit.

B．Different people have different memories. C．We can also use gestures to improve memories.

D．One of nature's beneficial effects is improving memory. E．There are really no effective ways to improve one's memory. F．Reading is surely the easiest of all methods for improving memory.

G．One way to increase working memory capacity indirectly is through expressive writing. 答案

24．G [本段标题为Write about your problems.是说明写出你的问题可以提高记忆力，选项G中的through expressive writing(通过表达性写作)与标题内容相符合。故选G。] 25．D [空格前面一句Nature has a magical effect on us.说明大自然对我们有神奇的作

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用。选项D正是说明这些神奇的作用中的一种。故选D。]

26．F [根据本段标题Say words aloud.以及空格后面的just say it out loud可知，本段内容为大声说可以提高记忆力。选项F说明的正是阅读是最简单的提高记忆力的方法。故选F。]

27．A [根据本段内容可知，冥想可以提高记忆力。故选项A可做本段的标题。] 28．C [根据本段标题Use your body to improve memories.以及本段内容可知，本段说明的是身体语言可以提高记忆力。这与选项C中的use gestures to improve memories相一致。故选C。]

能力提升

Ⅰ.完形填空

体裁：记叙文 话题：人物介绍 词数：316 时间：19′

Mark Sertich, a former office manager in Duluth, America, has been hitting the ice every other day since the mid－1980s when he was in his early 60s then.

Growing up, he loved hockey, but he's tried a few other __1__ over the years at various stages of his life.“When I was still working, I started __2__．So, when I reached age 59, I ran my first marathon.__3__ I finished five after that，” Sertich recalls.Plenty of __4__ has allowed Sertich to stay the same weight he was when he left for the Army—in 1942.

Aside from some hearing difficulties, he enjoys nearly __5__ health at the age of 94.And of course, like all __6__ players, he's had his share of __7__．Just a few months ago, weeks __8__ he was to fly to the Snoopy's Senior World Hockey Tournament in California, Sertich collided with(与……相撞) another __9__ and his right leg was broken.Doctors told him to stay off the ice for four to six weeks.“__10__， I've always been a quick healer.In three weeks, I was ready to go out there and take part in the __11__，” he says.

Sertich has lived alone since his wife __12__ in 2004.Though he is __13__ sometimes when he misses his dead wife, others close to him say he's a(n) __14__．Dane Youngblom, the team's organizer said, “But for his __15__—I think he's probably the only one in the whole world who plays at his level.He's not just walking around on the __16__ either.He's agile(敏捷的), and he's __17__ and quick－handed.”

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The team's youngest players are in their 20s and they __18__ Sertich.“They're playing hockey with a man who __19__ in World War Ⅱ，” Youngblom says.“It's pretty __20__．He's such a role model to all of us.” 1．A.performances

B．challenges

C．sports

D．adventures

答案 C [除了喜欢冰球以外，Mark Sertich在一生中还尝试了其他的体育运动。下文他在59岁时参加马拉松比赛就是其中的一项体育运动。] 2．A.running

B．dancing

C．singing

D．jumping

答案 A [根据So, when I reached age 59, I ran my first marathon.可知，当Mark Sertich还在上班工作时，开始跑步。] 3．A.So

B．When

C．But

D．Then

答案 D [59岁参加第一次马拉松，Mark Sertich之后完成了5次马拉松比赛。] 4．A.sleep

B．exercise

C．food

D．water

答案 B [因为喜欢锻炼，所以Mark Sertich的体重一直保持未改变。] 5．A.normal

B．standard

C．pleasant D．perfect

答案 D [94岁时，除了有一些听力障碍以外，Mark Sertich非常健康。] 6．A.hockey

B．football

C．basketball D．tennis

答案 A [根据Growing up, he loved hockey以及They're playing hockey with a man可知，Mark Sertich是一位冰球队员。] 7．A.experiences C．injuries

B．excitements D．opinions

答案 C [下文的his right leg was broken说明Mark Sertich作为一名冰球队员，他和其他冰球队员一样会受伤。] 8．A.after

B．before

C．later

D．until

答案 B [根据In three weeks, I was ready to go out there可知，Mark Sertich是在参加比赛前的几个星期受伤的。] 9．A.actor

B．player

C．coach

D．organizer

答案 B [Mark Sertich是与另外一位冰球队员相撞才受伤的。] 10．A.Luckily C．Strangely

B．Unwillingly D．Usually

答案 A [根据I've always been a quick healer可知，很幸运的是，尽管受伤了，但Mark

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Sertich恢复很快。] 11．A.experiment

B．war

C．ceremony

D．match

答案 D [根据the Snoopy's Senior World Hockey Tournament in California可知，他是去California参加比赛。] 12．A.passed over C．passed away

B．gave in D．ran away

答案 C [根据when he misses his dead wife可知选项C正确。] 13．A.delighted

B．worried

C．calm

D．sad

答案 D [想念自己死去的妻子，Mark Sertich有时很悲伤。] 14．A.success

B．inspiration

C．instructor D．cheat

答案 B [根据下文Dane Youngblom所说的话可以推知，Mark Sertich对其他人来说是一个鼓舞。] 15．A.age

B．shape

C．appearance D．courage

答案 A [Mark Sertich在94岁高龄还在打冰球，在他这个年龄他是世界上唯一一个有高水准的冰球运动员。] 16．A.stage

B．ground

C．ice

D．soil

答案 C [根据短文第一段中的has been hitting the ice every other day可知选C。] 17．A.absent－minded C．confident

B．humorous D．quick－minded

答案 D [根据He's agile(敏捷的)以及and quick－handed可知选项D正确。] 18．A.protect

B．understand

C．respect

D．believe

答案 C [年轻的队友对Mark Sertich很尊重。] 19．A.fought C．died

B．disappeared D．escaped

答案 A [根据when he left for the Army—in 1942.可知，Mark Sertich在第二次世界大战中参加过战斗。] 20．A.inspiring C．disappointing

B．unbelievable D．impossible

答案 B [94岁还能参加冰球运动，这让人难以置信。] Ⅱ.阅读理解

22

A

体裁：说明文 话题：航天 词数：293 时间：6′

The first living creatures to travel in space were the dogs of the Soviet Unions space program.Beginning in 1951 dogs flew aboard sub－orbital flights to the height of 63 miles and higher.They helped to test the equipment that would later be used by humans.The first pair of dogs to fly, on July 22, 1951, were named Tsygan and Dezik. Space dogs would make history on November 3, 1957.On this date, just one month after the historic launch of the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik, the Soviet Union shocked the world again by launching Sputnik 2.This satellite contained the first living creature to travel in space, a dog named Laika.Laika was to have orbited for a week or more until her food and oxygen ran out.In fact, Laika lasted only hours in orbit before over heating in her capsule(太空舱) took her life.

That next step, occurred in August 1960, when the dogs Belka and Strelka made 18 orbits of earth and returned alive.Like Laika before them, they became distinguished，featured in newspapers and magazines around the world.

Six more orbital dog flights over the next eight months further tested the equipment necessary for humans to follow in the dogs' footsteps.That historic event happened on April 12, 1961, when Yuri Gagarin became the first human to travel in space. The role of the space dogs had proven important in advancing the exploration of space.But, they would make one final flight.In 1966, traveling aboard the Cosmos 110 satellite, the dogs Ugolek and Veterok spent 22 days in orbit.Once again dogs led the way.Humans would not achieve a space flight that long for eight more years, in Skylab 2.

【语篇解读】 狗也能上太空旅行？是的，狗作为第一位上太空的动物，确实为太空探索起到很大的作用呢。

21．Which of the following dogs first traveled in space? A．Tsygan.

B．Laika.

C．Belka.

D．Ugolek.

答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的This satellite contained the first living creature to travel in space, a dog named Laika.可知，第一个在太空旅行的狗的名字是Laika。]

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22．From the passage we may infer that ________． A．Laika couldn't return to the earth alive

B．Tsygan and Dezik became world famous after they returned to the earth safely C．Laika was not as famous as Belka and Strelka D．man traveled earlier in space than dogs

答案 A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的Laika lasted only hours in orbit before over heating in her capsule(太空舱) took her life.可以推测Laika没能活着回到地球。] 23．The underlined word “distinguished” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________． A．crazy

B．terrified

C．anxious

D．famous

答案 D [词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的featured in newspapers and magazines around the world可知，画线单词的意思应该是“出名；著名”之意。] 24．According to the passage, space dogs ________． A．played an important part in space exploration

B．were used to walk on the surface of planets instead of man C．did more research work than man when traveling in space D．could stay longer in space than man

答案 A [细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知答案。]

B

体裁：记叙文 话题：人物 词数：305 时间：6′

At 80 years old, scientist Jane Goodall continues to enjoy the joy of discovery.“Trees can communicate with each other，” she said during her Nov.16, 2014 China visit to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the China establishment of her youth organization Roots & Shoots, which has grown to more than 600 branches in the country among 150，000 active groups globally.

Jane Goodall still travels 300 days a year in all around the world and says she absorbs energy from the inspired people she meets in each country.The elderly activist and the youth take inspiration from each other.

On Nov.16, 2014, she visited the project of Roots & Shoots which was set up in Beijing.“She thought our project was great，” says 16－year－old Beijing Experimental High School student Qi Zhengyang, whose group helps protect a wetlands

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in the suburbs of Beijing.“She said we're doing a good job.She paid attention to us.”

Jane Goodall plans to continue to set up Roots & Shoots branches as many as possible throughout the world.“I'll go on as long as I can，” she says.“I hope I maintain physical health as long as possible because there's so much to do.” Her aspiration for the organization in China is to expand in rural areas.Most branches are in big cities as Beijing and Shanghai.

It was publishing her findings about chimpanzees (My Friends the Wild Chimpanzees) more than half a century ago that made Jane Goodall a household name in the world.She was named United Nations Messenger of Peace in 2002.

Some of the members in Roots & Shoots realize Goodall is 80 and has already considered who'll lead the movement once she's gone.“It can be all of us，” she says.“A group is stronger than one person.We can do more working together.” 25．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A．Jane Goodall is still active in her work B．The brief introduction to Jane Goodall C．The great discoveries of Jane Goodall D．The influence of Jane Goodall's works

答案 A [主旨大意题。本文介绍了80高龄的生物学家 Jane Goodall依然积极工作。短文第一句At 80 years old, scientist Jane Goodall continues to enjoy the joy of discovery.以及Jane Goodall still travels 300 days a year in all around the world揭示了文章的主题。故选项A可作文章标题。]

26．Jane Goodall came to China in Nov.2014 mainly for ________． A．travelling C．foreign affairs

B．language learning D．attending a celebration

答案 D [细节理解题。根据she said during her Nov.16, 2014 China visit to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the China establishment of her youth organization Roots & Shoots可知，Jane Goodall 在2014年11月份来中国是参加一项庆祝活动的。] 27．What did Jane Goodall think of the project of Roots & Shoots in Beijing? A．She was unsatisfied with it.

B．She thought highly of it.

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C．She planned to give it up. D．She took inspiration from it.

答案 B [细节理解题。根据“She thought our project was great，”以及“She said we're doing a good job.”可知，Jane Goodall对北京的Roots & Shoots项目评价很高。] 28．We can know from the passage that ________．

A．Jane Goodall will soon retire after her visiting to China B．only Jane Goodall can lead the organization Roots & Shoots C．more Roots & Shoots branches will be set up in rural areas D．Jane Goodall was famous to the world when she was eighty

答案 C [推理判断题。根据Jane Goodall plans to continue to set up Roots & Shoots branches as many as possible throughout the world.以及Her aspiration for the organization in China is to expand in rural areas可知，Jane Goodall的志向是将Roots & Shoots的分支机构扩大到农村，由此可知，农村将会设立更多的Roots & Shoots的分支机构。]

Ⅲ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How To Work Faster And Smarter

Structure.Planning, using productivity tools, and scheduling tasks on your calendar can help.Set yourself up to win by breaking tasks down into manageable small tasks.__29__ And you still have time to take care of yourself, such as eating well, exercising, relaxing, etc.Without self－care, you lose efficiency due to being overworked.

Don't multi－task.There is an illusion(错觉) that doing many things at once is productive.Instead, it leaves

you half－focused, and constantly switching gears(切换注意力)．__30__ Set a timer, and work in 90－minute increments.Focus on one task either for 90 minutes, or until it is complete.Then, take a break, and move on.

Urgent doesn't necessarily mean important.__31__ What someone else thinks is urgent can create a sense of people－pleasing caused panic.If you know it is not important, then prioritize, and do what is the most important first instead.You know best how to set your priorities and get your work done.

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__32__ Power down those phones, turn off notifications.Set up an autoresponder(自动回复器) if you need to, but disconnect in order to avoid distractions.You will get more done, if you focus only on the task at hand and answer all missed calls and notifications once you're done.

Take breaks.__33__ Shake it out.Eyestrain and headaches can happen if you look at a computer screen for too long.Get outside for a quick walk and come back feeling refreshed and energetic. A．Turn it off.

B．Get up and move around. C．You must listen to yourself.

D．Create true office hours and stick to them. E．Remember that you can expect the best in return.

F．In this way you can know what is most important to do first.

G．You may have a sense that nothing ever really gets complete this way. 答案

29．F [空格前面一句意为“让自己把任务分解成可管理的小任务”，那么接下来的一句应该说这样做的好处是什么。选项F的意思为“这样你就知道首先要做的最重要的是什么”。故选F。]

30．G [空格前面的句子意为“相反，它让你只有一半的专注，不断切换注意力。”这种做法造成的结果是“你可能有一个感觉，用这种方式从来没有什么事情是真正得到完成的”。故选G。]

31．C [空格后面一句意为“别人认为紧急的事情可以引起恐慌。”所以紧急并不一定意味着重要。因此你应该倾听自己。故选C。]

32．A [根据本段“让手机断电，关闭通知”等等内容，可以判断本段的标题应该为“把它关掉”。故选A。]

33．B [本段标题为“休息”，选项B意为“起来四处走走”，这是休息的一种方式，故选B。]

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Ⅰ.核心单词→识记·思考·运用 一、单词拼写

1．*Only when theories are ________ (结合) with practice can we know how they work. 2．(2013·安徽，29)Mo Yan was ________(授予)the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，which made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true.

3．(2013·天津，阅读B) Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative ________ (影响)of light pollution.

4.(2013·福建，完形)Looking backward，we discover what is ________(独特的) in us; learn the meaning of “I”．

5．(2013·陕西，25)My uncle hasn't been able to ________ (放弃)smoking，but at least he has cut down.

6．(2013·江苏，阅读A)Shops are located ________ (遍及) Canada's Wonderland. 7．The police soon established his true ________(身份)and he was quickly found. 8.Filled of the moment with ________ (非凡的) strength，he raised himself completely. 9．(2015·安徽，阅读B)To show this，she held up one chopstick，________(代表)one person.

10．(2015·安徽，任务型阅读)Proper small talk can make that first ________(印象)get you the job.

答案 1.combined 2.awarded 3.effects 4.unique 5.quit 6.throughout 7.identity 8.extraordinary 9.representing 10.impression 二、用所给词的适当形式填空

1．(2013·辽宁，任务型阅读)When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be ________(extreme)

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difficult to let go of your hate.

2．*It was the president's second ________(appear)in public.

3．*(2013·天津，阅读A)Mobile phone conversations are not ________(permission) anywhere in the library.

4．The family's ________ (react) was always a combination of shock and joy. 5．*The wine was excellent，but the food was ________ (disappoint)． 6．As women we ________(general) say and feel too much about these things. 7．The sense of ________(responsible) for our country made them contribute themselves greatly.

8．________ (base) on facts，his story got well received as soon as it came out. 9．As we all know，a person who can ________ many new inventions is always considered to be ________．(creative)

10．*People present at the concert sing high praise for Song Zuying's ________； in other words，she is a good ________．(perform)

答案 1.extremely 2.appearance 3.permitted 4.reaction 5.disappointing 6．generally 7.responsibility 8.Based 9.create；creative 10.performance；performer 三、开心词场

To my disappointment，I missed her extremely creative performance，where she dressed herself as a male and joined the army instead of her father，transforming herself into a general at last，which impressed the audience deeply in some ways.In my opinion，she is really a girl of extraordinary beauty and talents in spite of her ordinary appearance.The impression on the audience is that she is a representative of her generation. 【联想·积累】

?表“联系”的动词小结 ①connect ②associate ③link ④relate ⑤combine ⑥contact

?归纳以-ance为后缀的高频名词

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①guidance 指导 ②significance 意义 ③perseverance 毅力 ④annoyance 烦恼 ⑤performance 表演 ⑥appearance 出现

?由permit想到的

①allow doing sth/sb to do sth 允许(某人)做某事 ②forbid doing sth/sb to do sth 禁止(某人)做某事 ③advise doing sth/sb to do sth 建议(某人)做某事

?不一样的“心情”

①astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.惊讶的 ②frightening adj.令人害怕的→frightened adj.害怕的 ③terrifying adj.令人恐惧的→terrified adj.感到恐惧的 ④moving adj.令人感动的→moved adj.感动的

⑤embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassed adj.尴尬的 ⑥touching adj.触动人心的→touched adj.感动的

⑦disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的 ?词汇拓展

①effect n．效果，作用→effective adj.有效地，起作用的 ②base n．基地，基础→basic adj.基本的

③general n．将军→general adj.一般的，总的，综合的→generally adv.通常地，一般地 ④creative adj.有创造力的，创造性的→create vt.创造，创作 ⑤represent vt. 代表→representation n．代表；代理；表示；象征

Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 一、补全短语

1. ________ the end of 在……的尽头

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2．note/write ________ 记下

3．play a part ________ 在……中起作用 4．*________ other words 换句话说 5．*________ times 有时

6．________ some ways 在某些方面 7．back and ________ 往返，来回 8．not ________ all 一点儿也不

答案 1.at 2.down 3.in 4.in 5.at 6.in 7.forth 8.at 二、短语填空

pick up；give up；leave out；*refer to；fit in with；be dressed in；be used to；come out 1．We drove to the airport the next morning to ____________ Susan. 2．I would sooner ____________ sleep than miss my evening class.

3．The Chinese teacher asked her to ____________ the unnecessary words and sentences. 4．Lady Whitlon ____________ getting up early and did some exercise in the garden. 5．I wasn't sure if she would ____________ my friends. 6．He was a big man who ____________ a suit and tie.

7．It was foolish of him to ____________ his notes during that important test. 8．Some animals such as bats and owls only ____________ at night. 答案 1.pick up 2.give up 3.leave out 4.was used to 5.fit in with 6．was dressed in 7.refer to 8.come out 【联想·积累】 ?word短语精选

①in a/one word 总之，简而言之 ②beyond words 难以言表 ③have a word with 和……说句话 ④have words with和……吵嘴 ⑤keep one's word 遵守诺言，守信用 ⑥break one's word 失信，不守诺言 ⑦in other words 换句话说

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?time短语个个清 ①at a time 一次，每次 ②at one time 曾经，一度 ③at all times 总是，始终 ④at any time 随时，任何时候

⑤at no time 决不(位于句首，句子倒装) ⑥at the same time 同时 ⑦at times 有时 ?“查字典”表达法种种 ①consult a dictionary ②refer to a dictionary ③look up...in a dictionary

Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用

1．It was Morissette's first performance in England since her song “Uninvited” won this year's Grammy Award for the best rock song.(It is/was...since...自从……以来多长时间了)

自从莫里塞特的歌曲“Uninvited”获得今年的格莱美最佳摇滚歌曲奖以来，这是她在英国的首次演出。

[仿写]________ the singer's first concert in Hangzhou ________ he won the first prize of The Voice of China.

自从获得《中国好声音》的冠军以来，这位歌手首次在杭州举行演唱会。

2．His mother couldn't buy him a piano until he was seven.(not...until...直到……才……)

直到他7岁时，他母亲才给他买一架钢琴。

[仿写]I ________________ I watched TV yesterday. 直到我昨天看电视时才知道那则消息。

3．*And every time you call，I've waited there as though you might not call at all.(名词引导状语从句)

而且每次你打电话，我都已在那里等着好像有可能你根本不给我打电话。

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[仿写]________________ I see somebody hitting a child, it makes my blood boil. 每次当看到有人打孩子时，我就怒火中烧。

4．*Whether Kong is changing his appearance or transforming his music，he is a pioneer in music today. (whether...or...“无论是……还是……”)

无论孔祥东是在改变他的外表还是在转变他的音乐风格，他都是当今音乐界的先行者。 [仿写]________ it turns out to be a good idea ________ a bad idea，we'll find out soon.

它到底是个好主意还是个坏主意，我们很快会见分晓。

答案 1.It was；since 2.didn't know the news until 3.Every time 4．Whether；or 【联想·积累】

?时间状语从句的三类引导词

①time短语：every time，each time，(the) next time，the last time，by the time，the first time，any time等

②名词型：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant ③副词型：immediately，directly，instantly ?whether与if的区别

①whether和if都可以引导宾语从句；

②whether可置于句首引导主语从句，而if不能； ③whether可用在介词之后引导宾语从句，而if不能； ④whether可引导表语从句，而if不能； ⑤whether可引导同位语从句，而if不能； ⑥whether可接不定式，而if不能。

Ⅳ.单元语法→识记·思考·运用

will表决心；状语从句(时间、让步、原因、结果、目的) 单句语法填空

1．—Alas! I have left my key to the office in my car. —Don't worry.I ________ (get) it for you.Wait a minute. 2．I'm bored with the crowded buses.I ________ (buy) a car.

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3．Things were different ________ I was a child.

4．*________ they are twins，they look entirely different.

5．________ you are unable to deal with it，perhaps we should ask someone else for help.

答案 1.will get 2.will buy 3.when 4.Although/Though 5.Since 【联想·积累】

?although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序； though可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as只能用倒装语序，即从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。

?although与though都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。 ?though还可以作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。

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[单 词 点 睛]

1．effect n．效果；作用

[教材原句]The music was brilliant but the special effects were disappointing. 音乐很棒，但是特技效果却是令人失望的。 (1)have an effect/effects on 对……有影响 put/bring/carry sth into effect 把某物投入使用/实行 in effect 事实上 take effect 生效，起作用 (2)effective adj.有效的 effectively adv.有效地 ①(2015·新课标全国Ⅱ，阅读B)Your house may ________________ your figure. 你的房子可能对你的身材有影响。

②(2014·湖北，阅读C)________ effect，despite being made aware of what to do，they were still too shy to do what the experienced baboon did.

实际上，尽管知道要做什么，它们还是太害羞以至于不会去做有经验的狒狒做的事。 答案 ①have an effect on ②In

2．award n．奖，奖品；奖金 vt.授予，给予

[高考例句] (2013·安徽，29) Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012，which made one of the Chinese people's long－held dreams come true. 2012年莫言被授予诺贝尔文学奖，这使得中国人民多年以来的一个梦想实现了。 (1)win/receive/get an award (for sth) (因……而)获奖 (2)award sth to sb (＝ award sb sth) for sth 因某事授予某人某物，把……判给…… ①It's said that the old scientist had won ________ award for his contribution to his country.

据说那位老科学家因为对国家的贡献而获得奖励。

②The woman awarded $100 ________ the boy for saving her son. 由于救了她的儿子这位妇女给了这个男孩100美元。

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【辨析比较】 award/reward/prize

指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出要求或条件的人进行的授奖行为，更注重荣award 誉，而不在乎奖品或奖金 reward prize 的奖励，可以是钱，也可以是物 选用以上词语完成片段

③Now you have some chances to get money.First，if you can help find the stolen painting，you will be offered a $1，000 ________．Then，you can win a ________ if you are able to answer this question about the painting.The question is what ________ the painter has got for this painting. 答案 ①an ②to ③reward；prize；award

3．impress vt.使(人)印象深刻；使……铭记，让……明白……(的重要性等) [教材原句]Everyone agreed that they were greatly impressed by Morissette's brilliant music and singing.

每个人都认为，莫里塞特杰出的音乐和演唱给他们留下了深刻的印象。 (1)impress sb with...(某事)给某人留下……印象 impress sth on/upon sb/one's memory 使某人铭记某事 be impressed by/with/at 对……有深刻印象 (2)leave/make/have an impression on sb 给某人留下……印象 (3)impressive adj.给人印象深刻的；感人的 ①The little boy impressed me ________ his big bright eyes the first time I saw him. 第一次见到这个小男孩时，他明亮的大眼睛就给我留下了深刻的印象。 ②We were all impressed ________ the beautiful scenery of Mount Tai. 泰山的美丽风光给我们留下了深刻印象。

③(2015·陕西，六选五)Such a person may be forgiven if he is late，but not those who are deliberately late to create ________(impress)．

如果迟到了，这种人或许能够被原谅，但是那些故意迟到而想给人留下深刻印象的人例外。 答案 ①with ②by ③impression

指对别人的工作、服务或帮助的奖赏与报答，可以是酬金，也可以是物品 “奖金、奖品、战利品”，指竞赛获奖，竞争、抽奖或工作学习中的优胜者获得 36

4．represent vt.代表，表示；象征；描绘；宣称；说明

[高考例句](2015·浙江，阅读B)The circle is divided into sections，and each section represents a fraction of the data.

圆圈被分成了好几部分，每一部分都代表数据的一小部分。

(1)represent...as...把……描绘成…… represent sb to be/as 宣称某人是/为…… represent sth to sb 向某人说明某事，向某人传达某事 (2)representative n. 代表；代表他人者 adj.典型的，有代表性的 ①The old man represented himself ________ the Son of God. 这位老人把自己说成是救世主。

②Let me try to represent my ideas ________ you in another way. 让我尽量用另一种方式向你陈述我的观点。

③He was elected as the additional ________(represent)，and attended the conference. 他被增选为代表参加这次会议。

答案 ①as/to be ②to ③representative 5．quit vt.& vi.停止；辞职

[教材原句]However，he didn't quit，and he became a great pianist. 然而他没有放弃，他成为了一名伟大的钢琴家。 quit doing sth 停止做某事 quit school/one's job 辍学/辞去某人的工作 be quit of/quit oneself of 摆脱 ①You are never a loser until you quit ________． 在停止尝试之前，你永远不是失败者。

②He wanted to be quit ________ the responsibility，which made his boss angry. 他想摆脱责任，这件事让他的老板很生气。 答案 ①trying ②of

6．responsible adj.有责任的，应负责任的

[高考例句](2015·北京，七选五) But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.

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但在人类历史上空想家也能成就一些最伟大的思想和成就。 (1)be responsible for 应对……负责；对……有责任 be responsible to sb 对某人负责 (2)have the responsibility for 对……有责任，对……负责 ①Nobody will take the ________ (responsible)for the terrible mess in the company. 没有人愿意对公司的严重混乱负责任。

②Parents are responsible ________ their children for their education. 父母应该对其子女的教育负有责任。 答案 ①responsibility ②to 7．permission n．允许，许可

[牛津例句]With your permission，I'll send a copy of this letter to the doctor. 如果你准许的话，我就把这封信的副本寄给那位医生。 (1)with/without (one's) permission 经/未经(某人)允许 ask for permission 请求许可 (2)permit doing... 允许做…… weather permitting 如果天气允许的话 ①If you wish to invite a friend over to visit，you must first ask your host's ________(permit)．

如果你希望邀请朋友来访，你得首先得到主人的许可。

②(2015·天津，阅读A)Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted ________(cook) in the kitchen. 住在设有厨房的楼房里的学生只准在厨房做饭。

③Weather ________(permit), we'll have a picnic in the forest this weekend. 如果天气允许，这个周末我们将在森林里野餐。 答案 ①permission ②to cook ③permitting

[短 语 点 拨]

1．be used to 习惯于……

[教材原句]Canadian singer and song writer，Alanis Morissette，is used to being in the public eye.

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加拿大歌唱家及词曲家阿兰妮斯·莫里塞特习惯了公开露面。

①Our teacher used to ________(bring) us to attend a science lecture in the hall twice a term.

我们老师过去每学期带我们到大厅听两次科学报告。 ②Can you guess what it was used ________ in the past? 你能猜出这件东西在过去被用作什么吗？

③Pictures，video clips and cases are used ________(create) situations for vivid interactive teaching.

图片、视频和事例都被使用以便为生动有趣的互动教学创设情境。 答案 ①bring ②for ③to create 2．in other words换句话说

[教材原句]In other words，every action and movement in Beijing Opera is important. 换句话说，京剧中每一个表演和动作都是很重要的。 in a/one word 总之，简而言之 have a word with 和……说句话 have words with 和……吵嘴 keep one's word 遵守诺言，守信用 Word came that...据说/消息传来…… ①I'll keep ________word and tell him everything. 我会遵守诺言，把一切都告诉他。

②I don't think your idea is a good one.In ________ word，I don't agree with you. 我认为你的主意并不好，总之，我不同意你的看法。

③Word came________ Zhu Zhiwen，nicknamed “Overcoat Brother”， would soon visit

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our school，which excited us.

消息传来，绰号称之为“大衣哥”的朱之文不久就要来我们学校参观，这让我们很兴奋。 答案 ①my ②a ③that 3．at times有时

[教材原句]He was made to practise the piano so much that，at times，he thought about giving up.

他被过多地要求练习钢琴，以至于有时他会想到放弃。 at a time 一次，每次 at one time 曾经，一度 at all times 总是，始终 at no time 决不(位于句首，句子倒装) ①At no time ________ tell you that you could use my car at any time. 我从没告诉过你说你可以任何时候都能用我的车。

②At ________ time Joan and I were good friends.I often went to her for help at ________time because she would always solve the problems in time.Joan was clever，and at ________same time she liked to finish her homework ahead of time and she liked to do it at ________ time.

我和琼曾经是好朋友。我经常随时向她求助，因为她总是及时解决问题。琼很聪明，而且她总是提前完成作业并一次性做完。 答案 ①did I ②one；any；the；a 4．in some ways在某些方面，在某种程度上

[教材原句]But after years of performing，he felt that in some ways he had lost his identity.

但是多年表演之后，他觉得在某些方面迷失了自己。 in a/one way 在某种程度上 in any way 无论如何，在任何情况下 in the/one's way 挡道，碍事 in no way 决不(位于句首，句子倒装) ①(2013·福建，书面表达)Only ____________ can they grow up to be independent and

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