大学英语之基础英语综合教程第二册unit 2 Key to Exercises

Unit 2 The Virtues of Growing Older

Key to exercises: Vocabulary exercises: I. Explain the italicized part in each sentence in your own words. 1. are likely to

2. break up / disintegrate 3. as a whole

4. powerless against / completely controlled by 5. not surprising / only too natural

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form. 1. delay

2. Feverishly 3. facade 4. confronted 5. premise 6. dreaded

7. automatically 8. awaiting

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words. 1. obsessive 2. moodiness 3. tolerable 4. beneficial 5. satisfying 6. hidden 7. preference 8. criticisms

IV. Choose a word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.

1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1. Synonym: conceal, disguise 2. Antonym: narrow

3. Synonym: satisfaction, happiness, joy 4. Synonym: merits, advantages 5. Synonym: fat, plump 6. Synonym: well-built

7. Antonym: old-fashioned, outdated 8. Synonym: clearly, evidently

VI. Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given word.

1. prepare 2. progress 3. foresee 4. parallel 5. perimeter 教师用书中下划为per前缀，应为peri前缀 6. diameter 7. semiconductor 8. decelerate

Grammar exercises: I. Complete the following sentences with the appropriate forms of the nouns given. 1. agony 2. agonies 3. experience 4. experiences 5. youth 6. a youth 7. a great help

8. a good knowledge 9. a gray hair 10. work

II. Complete each sentence with the most appropriate of the four choices given. 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. C

III. Complete the reading. Choose the correct words in parentheses. Choose X if no word is needed.

a lot of / a little / some / a few / A / some / some / a lot of / X / many / X / a lot of

IV. Complete the following with every, each, everyone, every one or all. 1. all, Every one, Every 2. each 3. Every 4. each 5. Everyone 6. Each

7. everyone, everyone 8. Each

V. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.

1. When planting these flowers, care must be taken not to damage the roots. you must take care

2. Though received late at night, he started to work on the document immediately. Though he received the document late at night it 3. Falling from such a height, we thought he would never survive. When he fell

4. Reading the letter a second time, the meaning becomes clearer. When you read

5. Reading the instructions repeatedly, what he meant became clear to me. I became clear about what he meant

6. Shining in the sky we saw the first star. We saw the first star shining in the sky.

7. The teacher walked behind the kids eating their lunches. who were eating 8. While cleaning his gun, it went off unexpectedly. he was cleaning

V. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, keeping the parts in italics in your sentences.

1. e.g. We don’t go out much — as long as we can go for a drink once a week, we’re satisfied.

As long as you have your health and your sanity, money isn’t really important.

2. e.g. Obviously, the discomfort of the job is not enough to prevent this young man from his goal — making money for his education.

Obviously, if you want to lose weight very quickly, you should do two things

at the same time: eat less and exercise more!

3. e.g. Food is a real need, but what about the sugarcoated breakfast food advertised on television? It’s neither necessary nor nutritious.

The customer neither needs nor plans to buy candies and chewing gums,

which are attractively displayed.

Translation exercises: I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. 许多中年人去健身房锻炼，到街上跑步，为的是延缓衰老。

2. 青年人最不稳定的因素是，他们对价值观、人生目标和梦想还犹豫不定。 3. 镇上开会我可以大胆发言，在商店里购物我也敢投诉，因为我不再害怕人们会笑我，也不再渴望人人都喜欢我。

4. 我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母，也不会对他们在养育我的过程中所犯的种种过失耿耿于怀。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.

1. Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them.

2. Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife.

3. For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.

4. I’m not sure if we can have the excursion to Chongming Island tomorrow. It is at the mercy of the weather.

5. When he was young he went to Japan to learn medicine, but after he returned to China he changed his mind and pursued a career as a writer all his life.

6. She’s taken up with a man old enough to be her father, which is a disgrace to her parents.

7. Since 1978, our economy has witnessed a rapid development; in contrast that of some developed countries has declined.

8. The earthquake isolated this city from other areas. I’m afraid their food supplies will not hold out through the winter.

Exercises for integrated skills: I. Dictation.

I think / that a successful old age is easiest for those / who have strong impersonal interests / leading to suitable activities. / It is in these activities / that long experience is really fruitful, / and that the wisdom born of experience / can be used / without becoming a burden. / It is no use telling grown-up children / not to make mistakes, / both because they will not believe you, / and because mistakes are an essential part of education. / But if you are one of those / who are incapable of / impersonal interests, / you may find that / your life will be empty / unless you concern yourself / with your children and grandchildren. / In that case / you must realize / that while you can still help them / in material ways, / you must not expect / that they will enjoy your company.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate. 1. against 2. for 3. future 4. done 5. other 6. of 7. their 8. likely 9. if

10. themselves

Writing: Exercise 1: Write a topic sentence to sum up the following details in each set. Set A

1. Denver, Colorado, is named for James Denver, a soldier and administrator of the Western frontier.

2. Mississippi’s capital Jackson is named after the seventh President of the United States.

3. Cleveland, Ohio’s largest city, gets its name from Moses Cleveland, a man who invested a lot of money in the area.

Topic sentence: Many American cities are named after important people who are or were locally or nationally famous. Set B

1. Some people believe that if they have much money or many things, they will be

happy. They believe that if they are wealthy, they will be able to do everything they want, and so they will be happy.

2. On the other hand, some people believe that money is not the only source of happiness. These people value their religion, or their intelligence, or their health; these make them happy.

3. For me, happiness is closely tied to my family. I am happy if my wife and my children live in harmony.

4. Although the definition of happiness depends on each individual, my “wealth” of happiness is in my family.

Topic sentence: Happiness means different things to different people.

Exercise 2: For each of the following two paragraphs, the topic sentence has been taken out. Read them carefully and work out for each paragraph a topic sentence that you think can hold all the following details together.

1. The problem isn’t that there’s no interest in teaching. I constantly meet young people who’ve graduated from colleges and have signed up for teaching in some of the country’s toughest urban public schools. They are strongly interested in helping those so-called difficult kids. They find the work extraordinarily rewarding; the kids they teach benefit from their creativity and enthusiasm. But by the end of two years, most have either changed careers or moved to suburban schools — a consequence of low pay, a lack of support from the educational bureaucracy, and an overwhelming feeling of isolation, but never because of the lack of interest in teaching.

2. It means paying teachers what they’re worth. There’s no reason why an experienced, highly qualified, and effective teacher shouldn’t earn $100,000 annually at the peak of his or her career. Highly skilled teachers in such critical fields as math and science — as well as those willing to teach in the toughest urban schools — should be paid even more.

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