必修一unit4 earthquake 学案

Unit 4 Earthquakes

The First Period Warming up and Pre-reading

学习目标：

1. 语言目标：Learn the use of the following words and phrases.

right away well(n) burst as if at an end ruin in ruins injure destroy shock rescue trap dig out bury a (great) number of useless 2. 能力目标：Talk about earthquake and other disasters in English. Try to finish the following according to your experiences;

1. Have you ever experienced any natural disasters? Give the names of the natural

disasters you know. (____________________________________________________ ) 2. Imagine there is a big earthquake. What might happen to all the things? (Houses will _______; roads will get _________; bridges will be ________; people will be ________or________)

4. Imagine there is an earthquake now. Your home begins to shake and you must

leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why? (discussion)

5. Look at the pictures of new Tangshan, do you know what happened to it in 1976?

(_______________________________________________)

Look at the pictures on Page 25. What do you think will happen before an earthquake.

A. The water in the wells ____ and ____. And some deep ______ could be seen in the

well walls. A ______ gas came out the cracks.

B. Mice ran out of the fields __________ places to hide. Fish _________out of bows and ponds.

C. The chickens and even pigs were ______ nervous _____eat. The dog was ________ loudly again and again.

D. People could see _______lights in the sky. Homework:

I. Read and recite the following patterns. Try to make sentences with them.

表达谢意,感激之情：

1. I would like to express my thanks to …..who…

2. Here, I wish to express my thanks for the great efforts…..

3. I’d also like to thank……

4. No words are strong enough to express our….

II. Finish the following words and phrases:1. 骑自行车的人_____________ 2. 祝贺v.___________ n.___________ 3. 地震_______________ 4. 立刻，马上______________ 5. 井_________ 6. 爆发_____________

7. 百万_____________千_________ 百____________

15. 破坏，毁坏_____________

8. 事件，大事__________ 9. 结束，终结___________ 10. 民族，国家_______________ 11. 严重受损，破败不堪_____________ 12. 苦难，痛苦n._______________ 13. 极度的adj.______________ 极度地adv. ___________ 14. 损害，伤害______________ 22. 埋葬，掩埋__________________

16. 无用的，无益的____________ 23. 矿井 ____________ 17. 震惊_______________ 18. 援救，营救____________ 19. 使陷入困境，陷阱_____________ 20. 电，电流，电学____________ 21. 掘出，发现__________________

矿工_______________ 24. 许多，大量的___________ 25. 记者__________________ 26. 损失，损害_______________ 27. 使惊吓，吓唬______________

受惊吓的，受恐吓的_________ 令人恐惧的______________ 28. 法官，判断_____________

29. 表达，快车____________ 30. 避身处___________

31. 真诚地，真挚地______________

32. 死难者_______________ 33. 准备，预备______________ Ⅲ短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

I am anxiously expecting your letter, and at last 76．_______ it reached to me. I'm very glad to know that 77．_______ everyone at home is enjoying good health as usually. 78．_______ Things here are same now as they were before. 79．_______ The final examination will take place in next week. 80．_______ So I am now busy prepare my lessons. It's nice 81．_______ to think that the summer vacation is coming near. 82．_______ I can't say now how many I want to see you all again. 83．_______ I'm looking forward to spend summer days with you. 84．_______ Give my loves to father, mother and others at home. 85．_______ 答案：76．am→was 77．去掉 reached后的to 78．usually→usual 79．same之前加the 80．去掉介词in 81．prepare→preparing 82．√ 83．many→much 84．spend→spending 85．loves→love ⅣRemember the following words:

earthquake snowslide tornado fire mudflow flood typhoon volcano sandstorm hurricane

Teaching and Learning design for Unit 4 Earthquakes

The Second Period Reading

学习目标：Get the students to learn to use some reading strategies such as guessing, key sentences, skimmimg, scanning and so on so as to get the main idea and find some detail information of the reading quickly.

学习难点：Comprehending of the passage.

教学步骤：

I. Skimming: Skim the whole text to find out the topic sentences of each paragraph.

Pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph. Part1 (Para___________)

Topic sentence: Strange things were happening in northeast Hebei Main idea: warning signs before the earthquake Part2 (Para2—3)

Para2: _________________________________________________________________ Para3:__________________________________________________________________ Main idea: _____________________________________________________________ Part3 (Para4)

Topic sentence: All hope was not lost

Main idea: _____________________________________________________________ II. Tape listening: Listen to Part1 and try to answer the following questions: Part1 (Signs)

(1) What kind of strange things happened?

the water in the wells --- _____________________________________________ the well walls---______________________________________________________ a smelly gas --- _____________________________________________________ the chickens and pigs --- ______________________________________________ mice--- _____________________________________________________________ fish--- ______________________________________________________________ the sound of planes--- ________________________________________________ the water pipes---_____________________________________________________ (2) What did people think of these events?

( __________________________________________________________________) (3) When did the earthquake happen?

(___________________________________________________________________) Listen to Part2 and try to answer the following questions: Part2 (damage)

(1) What did people do when the earthquake happened?

(___________________________________________________________________) (2) Was the earthquake serious? Find the evidence (证据)to support you. (It was the ____________ in the 20th century. It was heard ___________________away.

_________________of the nation felt it.) (3) What could be seen in the earthquake? A huge crack______________________ houses… ______________________ burst from holes in the ground.

Hard hills of the rock became rivers of ______________________ Two ____________ and most of the bridges __________________________ The railway tracks were now_______________________________ _________________now filled the wells instead of water.

_______________, food and_________________ were hard to get. (4) Data (数据) of the damage

In __________ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. ____________ of the people died or were injured. Exactly, __________ people were killed or injured. ______hospitals, ___________of factories and buildings and __________ of homes were gone. Water, food and electricity were hard to get. Listen to Part3 and try to answer the following questions: Part3 (rescue)

(1) Who were sent to rescue the people after the earthquake? (2) How did they rescue the people? III. Retell the story: Read aloud the story

___________happened in Tangshan. For a few days, water in the wells __________ From the________ of wells _______came out. Mice, chickens, pigs and even fish became _______At 3:00 a.m., everything began to ________It seemed that the world was__________ .__________of the nation _________ it._____________ cut across the city. The city lay __________ Two thirds of the people _____________ or ________.Then later that afternoon, another big earthquake_____________ Tangshan. People began to wonder ___________________ But all hope ________________ Soldiers came to help those_____________ Slowly, the city began to______________ again. Homework: Finish off the exercises on Page 27 Teaching and Learning design for Unit 4 Earthquakes

The Third Period Learning about language

学习目标：Learn to use some useful words and expressions. 重点知识：

1. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell, rose and fell. *rise 上升，升起，上涨 rise against反抗 They all rose against the king. rise和raise的区别：

rise vi. 指继续上升，常用于日，月，云，雾,烟，物价，温度，河水，潮水及人的职位等。

raise vt. 表示举起，提出，提升，提高（例如水平,等级，程度等）种植，饲养，用作“举起” 时，往往有使物体达到应有的高度的含义可用于具体或抽象的事物。 Fill the blank with “raise” or “rise”

1）Everyone knows the sun _______in the east. 2) The people?s living standard has greatly been_______.

3) They can _________ rice here. 4) Her temperature is still__________. 5) He ______a family in that village. 6) The price of bread has 7) The builders _____the ceiling by six inches. 建筑工人把天花板升高了六英寸

2. smelly (adj.)= smell(n.)+y smelly adj. 发臭的

wind----windy dream----dreamy ice----icy sun-sunny cloud-cloudy rain-rainy… smelly adj. 有臭味的 smelly socks 臭袜子 smell vi. 3. too…to…太…而不能

? 1. He is too young to join the army. ? 2.He is so young that he can?t join the army ? 3. The light is too high for children to reach. ? 4. The book is too difficult to understand. ? 5. He was too anxious to leave. 在下列情况下too…to…表示肯定含义

? 1. too+easy/ ready/ happy/willing/ eager+to do 太愿意去做… ? I am too anxious to know the result of the test.

? 2.当too前面有加强语气的only,all,but,far,much 等时。 ? I am only too glad to meet you 4.1) seem + (to be) +adj./n./+介词短语 2) 实义动词

? seem to do /to have done/be doing

? It seems/seemed that sb…=sb. seems/seemed to do... ? seem+分词

It seems as if…看起来好象… ? There seems to be…似乎有… ? 否定形式: don?t/doesn?t /didn?t seem to

1) His father seems____________________（是个亲切的人）。

2) The flowers seem_____________________ （更漂亮了）after the rain. 3) It seems ____________________________（像许多年）since we last met. a) The situation seemed quite_________ (encourage). b) The news seems___________ (excite).

c) They seems __________ (interest) in the film.

5. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the earthquake 分数表达法

分子（基数词为one）

分母（序数词用单数） eg. 1/3 one-third 1/5 one-fifth 分子（基数词不为one）

分母+s （序数词用复数）eg. 2/3 two-thirds3/5 three-fifths 百分数表达法

数词+percent (%) 表示 “百分之…” eg. 75% - 90% ，65% ，…… 分数/百分数作主语时，若所指的是可数名词，则谓语动词多用复数； eg. 80% of the trees were cut down. 若指不可数名词，谓语动词多用单数： eg. 50% of the water in the bottle has gone. 请根据提示完成下列句子。

1. ________ (三分之一) of the students in our class ______ (be) girls.

2. _________ (五分之三) of the soil __________ (wash) away by the flood last night. 3. ______ (一半) of the desks in this school ________ (make) in his company. 4. ______ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday ______ (be) interesting. 5. _________________ (数万) people _____________ (dance) in the big square now. 6. There were ____________ (一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday. 7. _________________ (百分之九十) of the mountain __________ (cover) by trees. 6.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. lie ( lay, lain )v. 处于某种状态。 ruin vt./n(常用复数） in ruins: 毁坏了,失败的,荒芜的,成为废墟(一般用作表语) 翻译： The village lay in ruins after the war.

His career is in ruins. Bad weather ruined our holiday.

His life/career/reputation lies/is in ruins. 7. 区分destroy, ruin, damage：

destroy:完全的毁坏，无法修复 ruin:非暴力的，对美好事物的毁坏 damage:局部的损伤，使整体变得无价值

e.g. (1) The car _____in the accident is being repaired.

(2)--What happened to the priceless works of art? --The earthquake __________ them.. (3) She poured water all over my painting, and __________it. 8. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

*everywhere 用做连词，等于wherever, no matter where,引导让步状语从句。 互译:1）无论他走到哪儿,他都和朋友保持联 2) everywhere I go , I find the same thing. . everywhere作副词时,一般情况下都用在句尾。如：

我四处去找，但是找不到。

everywhere 有时作名词，如：到处都似乎很安静。 9. useless adj. 无用的，无价值的 “less” 否定后缀， “没有…的” ，“无……的” 其一般的组词结构：名词+less →形容词 childless 没有儿女的 harmless没有害处的 countless数不清的 priceless 是无价的，贵重的 10. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. *instead of “代替,而不是”，不能接句子

*instead是副词，在句中单独作状语，置于句首时，意为“相反地” (1)Judy didn?t answer. _________, she looked out of the taxi window. A. But B. However C. Instead D. And (2)It?s me that should ask you instead of you _____me. A. ask B. asked C. to ask D. asking

(3)He studies in the evening instead ________the day. A. / B. of C. of during D. of on Homework: Phrases-translating

1.升升降降_______________ 11.成千上万_________________________ 2.立刻，马上 _____________ 12.数以万计________________________

3.在农家大院____________________ 13.吹走__________________________ 4.突然大哭 ____________________ 14.倒塌，下落___________________ 5.毫不在意,不重视______________ 15.受困__________________ 6.水管___________________ 16.受震撼__________________

7.结束，终结_______________ 17.救援人员_________________________ 8.一个巨大的裂缝_______________ 18.挖出_________________________ 9.泥石流____________________ 19.掩埋死者_____________________ 10.沉沦在废墟中______________ 20.煤矿工人_________________ 句子熟读及背诵

1. It is always calm before a storm. 暴风雨来临前往往平静. 2. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. 想象你的房子开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。

3．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不想吃食物。

4.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身 5. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.

但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当一回事，当天晚上照常睡着了。 6．It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。 7. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. 石头山变成了泥石河 8. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay (lie) in ruins. 在可怕的15秒中内,一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中.

9. Two thirds of them died or were badly injured during the earthquake. 2/3的人在地震中死去或严重受伤。

10．The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 死伤人数达到40多万.

11．人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

12.铁轨如今成里一条条废钢.

The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.

13.井里满是沙而不是水。Sand now filled the wells instead of water. 14.人们对地震感到震惊。 People were shocked at the earthquake. 15.有些医生和救援人员被困在废墟下面。

Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 16.并非所的希望都失去。All hope was not lost=Not all hope was lost.

17．部队人员组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 18．救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所.

Workers built shelters for survirors whose homes had been destroyed.

19.下个月我们市将开放一个新公园,以纪念在那次可怕的灾难中死去的人们. Nextmonth the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. 20. Your speech were heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. 评委会的评委听了你的演讲,他们都认为你的那篇是今年收到的演讲稿中最好的一篇.

21你的家长和学校应该以你为豪。Your parents and your school should be very proud of you.

Teaching and Learning design for Unit 4 Earthquakes

The Fourth Period Learning about language

学习目标：Go on learning the language points in the passage. 学习重点：

11. All hopes was not lost. = Not all hope was lost. 并没有丧失所有希望。 该句为不完全否定，也可称之为部分否定。

*all…not…= not all …, some but not all 一些, 但不是全部

当not与all, every, everyone, everything, both连用时，皆表示不完全的否定。 e.g. 1）Not all the girls left.(=Only some of them left.)

2) Not all the children are noisy.(= Some of the children are not noisy.)

3）闪光的并不都是金子。____________________________________________ 4）并不是人人都在。 no, none, no one, neither 表示全部的否定。

*对两者以上的全部否定应用none of,其后的谓语动词既可以用单数也可以用复数形式，如：

(1)None of us were allowed to go there. _______________________________________ (2)None of these reports is very helpful. _______________________________________

*either表示“（两者中）任何一个”，any表示“（三者或三者以上中的）任何一个”。 12.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. *the dead 意为“死难者”。

*形容词前加表示同一类的人或物，通常表示复数意义。 Tell the meanings of the following phrases and sentences: (1) the old and the sick (2)the blind

(3) the impossible (4)The rich are not always happy. 13. to the north of 在…北边,不接壤

in the north of 在…北边,在其里面

on the north of 在…北边,与其接壤河流铁路等旁 off …..隔离海岸的，在……沿岸附近的海洋里 1. Japan lies _____ the east of China. 2. Canada is _______ the north of American. 3. Qingdao lies _____the east of Shangdong province 4. Taiwan lies _______the east of the coast. 14. imagine vt. 后接名词，代词，动名词，从句

imagine sb.to be 想象某人

1).we can imagine _______________. (他的悲伤）

2).I didn?t imagine ________________________in my childhood. 我会成为一位作家

3).don?t imagine yourself ______________________ （总是正确的）

4).Can you imagine________________________你能想象我看到它后有多么惊讶吗？ imagine后接的宾语从句为否定意义时，要将否定转移，与 think ,suppose用法相同 疑问词+do you imagine/think/suppose+陈述句？ Eg. Who do you think he can come with? Who do you think will come to help us? Where do you imagine Tom will go? 15. judge n 法官 v 判断，判定

judge by 以…来判断,以…来看 Don?t judge a man by his clothes. judging from…从…看,根据…可以看出.

Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man. judge of 判断,评价 I am no judging of food. 16. honor an honored person show honor to sb 对…表示敬意 have the honor to do sth 很荣幸地

in honor of /in one?s honor 为……纪念，以……名义 on one?s honor 以……名誉担保

It was a great honour to be invited here today. 今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸． 17. prepare vt. preparation n.

prepare +n. 直接做…. prepare for doing sth/ sth 为.. 做准备 prepare to do sth准备去做…. 18. burst: to come open or fly apart suddenly

The balloon suddenly burst.

burst into + n. Some robbers burst into that house.

burst out burst out + doing They burst out laughing. burst into+ n. burst out + doing…… He burst into laughter.= He burst out laughing He burst into tears.= He burst out crying.

Homework:

一.根据中文意思写出单词 摇动 v 颤抖；震动 n

发臭的 adj

污垢；泥土 n

破坏；毁坏；消灭 vt 地震 n

灾难；灾祸 n

埋葬；掩埋 vt

新的；新鲜的 adj

井 n

爆裂；爆发 vi

上升；升起 vi 增加 n

蒸汽；水汽 n

废墟；毁灭n 破产；毁灭vt&vi 损害；伤害 vt&vi

无用的； 无效的 adj

援救；营救 n&vt

陆军；军队 n

矿；矿山 n

百分比；百分数 n

使震惊vt&vi 休克；打击 n

电；电流 n

组织；组织起来 vt&vi 煤矿

演说；讲话 n

裁判员；法官 n 断定；荣誉；光荣 n 尊敬；给于荣誉 准备；预备 vt 判断 vt

祝贺（n） 二词组

1．立刻，马上____________ 8.自然灾害________ 2．忽然笑起来_____________ 9.从...跳出来________ 3．仿佛，好象____________ 10.代替，取代____________ 4．结束，终结__________ 11.为…作准备_______________ 5．变为废墟___________ 12.与某人握手______________

vt

6．发现，挖掘___________ 13.对…感到震惊_________________ 7．设圈套让某人做…____________ 14.水管______________ 15.三分之二____________ 17.以…为豪_________________ 16.百分之九十_______ 18.向某人表达谢意______________ 19.(某人)埋头于…专心于_____________ 20.以…来判断，从…来看__________ 三.单词填空

1. A ________(爆发) of hand-clapping followed the ending of the song. 2. Lightning cut off the town?s _____________（电）for about ten minutes. 3. The flood was a terrible_________（灾难）; hundreds of people died. 4. Who is _____________（组织）this year?s office party?

5. Children should be taught to show ____________（尊敬） to their elders. 6.His failure was a great ________（震惊）to us

7.In the storm I looked for the _________（掩蔽处）of a tree 8.An earthquake left the whole city in ____(废墟)

9.He felt as if the whole earth was ______（摇动）.He realized that it was an earthquake 10.Cao and her two children were among the first people on the ship who were _______（援救）by lifeboats

11.She was seriously_____（伤害）in a road accident. 12.Please give my _____________（祝贺）when you see him 13 ________（砖）covered the ground like red autumn leaves. 14 The earthquake ____________（毁坏）almost the whole town. 15.The dog __________（埋）the bone in the ground. 四.完成句子

1. The exhibition was so interesting that quite ___ _____ _____ (许多) people came to visit it.

2. The balloon fell on a nail, it ______ ______ (突然爆发), and it frightened us a lot. 3. _______ _______ (数以千计的) football fans came to watch the great game. 4. He was absent today. Do you know ______ ______ ______ ______(他出什么事了)?

5. I have no money ____ _____(买) this computer. You can have him ______ (买) it. 6. He is _____ ______ ______ (太小了) go to school. He is _____ ______ _____ ______ (太小了) go to school. 7. ___ ____ (三分之二)of the class ______ (喜欢) playing football. 8. China lies _______ ______ ______ (东部) of Asia. 9. It seemed that the world was at an end .(句型转换) 10. The world ______ ______ _________ at an end. 11. 不是所有的学生都喜欢学习英

语。 .

12. _____________his appearance (从……判断)， he is leading a hard life now. 13. The injured man can?t __________by himself (raise / rise )

14. Mice__________ (跑出来)the fields _____________(寻找)places to hide.

15. But the one million people of the city, who____________________(不…当回事)

these _________(情况事件),were asleep ____________(像往常) that night. 16. ______________(无论哪里)they looked nearly everything ___________(被毁坏了) 17. _______________(铁轨) were now ___________(没用的) pieces of steel.

18. Next month the city will open a new park to___________(纪念) those who died in the

terrible disaster.

19. Your speech were heard by a group of five _________(法官), all of whom agreed that

it was the best one this year.

20. She seemed to be _____________(害怕)of the interview. 21. The speed of the car was ________________. (令人害怕的). 五．改错：

1. The whole city was in ruin after the big earthquake

2. All the boys and girls burst into laughing on hearing the funny story 3. The big fire caused a lot of damages to the building 4. What shock it is to see her in such a smelly place

5. Preparing for all the questions, Tom walked into the exam room confidently

6. Judged from what you?ve done, you must be a careless man

7. The evening party was organized in the honour of our foreign English teacher 8. Paul?s classmates celebrated him on his winning the first prize. Teaching and Learning design for Unit 4 Earthquakes

The FifthPeriod

语法要点总结

定语从句----关系代词的用法

一 定语从句的概念

1.在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 2.引导定语从句的词有两种:关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等,关系副词有where ,why, when等。

3.关系代词和关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,有三个作用：1连接主从句(引导定语从句)2.指代先行词3在定语从句中做句子成分。 4.定语从句一般位于先行词后面。 二 关系代词的用法 1 who的用法

who引导定语从句时，在从句中做主语或宾语，（做宾语时可省）先行词是人。 This is the man who helped me out of trouble. 他就是那个帮我解决困难的人。

I don?t know the woman who you spoke to just now. 我不认识那个刚才你与她交谈的妇女。 2 whom的用法

whom引导定语从句时，在从句中做宾语，（可省）先行词是人。 The doctor whom/who you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那个医生在房间里。

She?s a girl with whom you can talk freely. 她是一个你可以与之随便交流的姑娘。

[注意]①whom 引导定语从句时不能用作从句的主语。

② whom 可以构成“介词+whom”引导定语从句 3whose 用法

whose引导定语从句时，在从句中做定语，意思为：“。。。的”，表示所属关系，其先行词可以是人，也可以是物。

He?s living in a room whose window faces the east. 他住在一个窗户朝东的房间里。

The boy whose spoken English is excellent draws our attention. 那个英语口语极好的男孩引起了我们的注意。

[知识拓展]“whose+n”引导的定语从句相当于“the +n+of+which/whom”或“of which/whom+the+n.”引导的定语从句

①.Please pass me the book whose cover is yellow and black. =please pass me the book the cover of which is yellow and black. 请把那本封面是黑黄相间的书递给我。

②.We saw some people whose car had broken down. = We saw some people the car of whom had broken down. 4 that 与which的用法

that和which 在它们引导的定语从句中做主语或宾语，（做宾语时可省）that的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物，which的先行词是物。 They finally reached a storehouse that/which used to be a church. 他们最后到了一个曾经是一个教堂的仓库那里。 I have been keeping the presents that/which he sent me. 我一直保存着他送给我的礼物

[注意]在下列情况which和that 不能换用 1只用that不用which的情况： ① 先行词是人时

We all like the new teacher that teaches us English. 我们都喜欢教我们英语的那位新老师 ② 先行词是不定代词

all,few,little,much,many,some,something,nothing,anything,everything等时。 All that we have to do is to practise every day. 我们所必须做的是就是每天练习。 I ?ll do everything that I can(do) to help you. 我将尽一切努力来帮助你

③ 当先行词被all, few, little, the only, any, no, the very等修饰时。 Every means that had been tried proved to be useless. 尝试过的每一种方法都被证明是无用的 I?ve read all the books that you gave me. 我已经读了你给我的所有的书。 He is the very man that I am looking for. ④ 当先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我将永远不会忘记我的第一堂课。

It?s the most interesting book that I?ve ever read. 这是我曾经读过的最有趣的书 ⑤ 当先行词既有人又有物时。

They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们谈起了他们所记得的学校里面的人和事。

⑥ 当the way做先行词且引导词在从句中做状语时,引导词用that或in which,也可省

略。

I hate the way (that)/ (in which) he talks to his wife. 我讨厌他和他妻子说话的方式。

⑦ 一些以which/who开头的特殊疑问句,为了避免重复，用that引导。 Which is the book that you want? Who is the child that lost his key?

⑧ 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(只限于限定性定语从句) He is not the person that he was 30 years ago.

[注意] that和who的先行词都是人，但有时只用who

He who doesn?t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。 A sports fan is someone who loves to play or watch sports. Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。 总结：先行词是①人称代词

②someone/anyone等指人的不定代词 ③those/one/ones指人时 [注意]定语从句中谓语动词的单复数

① Do you know the boy who____ (be) standing under the tree? ② Do you know the boys who____ (be) standing under the tree?

总结：如果关系代词在定语从句中作_______,谓语动词要与______保持一致. She is one of the students who______ (have) been to Beijing. She is the only one of the students who______ (have) been to Beijing.

练习

一、选择题

1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother? A. who B. which C. whose D. / 2. This is the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C 3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake. A. who B. whom C. which 4. This is the only present _____ I like.

A. who B. that C. which D. B and C 5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen. A. which B. who C. where D. / 6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money. A. that B. which C. who D. what

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