高考总复习省略句

高考总复习：省略

真题再现

1. It sounds like something is wrong with the car’s engine._______, we’d better take it to the garage immediately.

A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so

2. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health.

A. being carried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out

3. Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 4. Some of you may have finished unit one. _____, you can go on to unit two.

A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 5. —Who should be responsible for the accident?

—The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order . A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told 1.D。句意：听起来车的发动机好像有问题，如果那样的话，我们最好立刻把它弄到汽修厂去。前后两句话之间是顺承关系。Otherwise否则，要不然；if not要不，不然；but for that若不是因为那件事；if so若是这样。

2. C。本句的句子的主语是the experiment；谓语动词是shows；that引导宾语从句, 宾语从句的主干事：proper amounts of exercise can improve our health, if_____ regularly是插入的条件从句, 从句的主语是proper amounts of exercise, 此时应用it代替前面提到的主语, 条件句的主语与主句的主语一致, 并且含有is, 故省略了it is, 完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意为：这项实验表明, 适当的运动, 如果有规律的进行, 能够有助于我们的身体健康。

3. C。在if引导的条件状语从句中, 从句中还原应为if I am not tired from work, 根据省略的原则, 所以答案选C。 4. D。If so = If you have done that / so你们中的一些人可能已经完成第一单元, 如果是这样的话, 你们可以继续第二单元。

5. A。此题考查状语从句的省略。as told=as they were told, 此处是as引导的方式状语从句的省略。当从句主语与主句主语一致, 且谓语动词含有be时, 将从句的主语和be省略。又因为workers与tell之间是被动关系, 排除C、D。

知识讲解

为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况： 简单句中的省略

1.省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其他省略主语多限于一些现成的说法。 (I) Thank you for your help. （括号内为省略的词语,下同） (I)See you tomorrow. (It) Doesn’t matter.

2.省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。

(I’ll say...)A word about your composition. (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong?

Why (do you) not say hello to him?

( Have you)Got a light?

3.省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。

Jack didn’t pass the driving test，but he still hope to. —Are you going there? —I’d like to (go there).

He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance). 注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。 —Are you an engineer? —No, but I want to be.

—He hasn’t finished the task yet. —Well, he ought to have. 4.省略表语。

—Are you thirsty? —Yes, I am (thirsty). 5.同时省略几个成分。

Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday. —Have you finished your work? —(I have) Not (finished my work) yet.

并列句中的省略

两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。 My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.

I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.

The girls are very hard-working; the boys (are very hard-working) too.

The news made some people happy, but (it made) some (other people) sad.

主从复合句中的省略【链接高清课堂】

在含有状语从句的复合句中，若从句的主句是it或与主句的主语相同，且在谓语中含有be时，常省略从句的主语和be。 时间状语从句：

I met her while (I was) walking on the street. Often she would cry when (she was) alone.

Whenever (it is) possible, the children should play outside in the fresh air. Once it was a poor island, Hainan now has become a hot tourist resort. 条件状语从句：

I won’t go there unless (I’m) invited.

I’ll go with you if (it’s) possible/necessary.

His opinion, whether (it’s) right or wrong, should be considered. If (you are) in doubt, ask at your local library. 让步状语从句：

Though (it’s) not large, the room was well lit. Although (he is) still young, his hair turns grey.

Things were beginning to improve, even if/though (they were) not quickly enough. 方式状语从句：

Things didn’t go as (they were) expected.

He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something. 地点状语从句：

Avoid structures of this kind wherever (it is) possible. Fill in blanks with articles where (it is) necessary. 比较状语从句：

John plays football as well as, if not better than, David. I’ve never heard a better voice. He dislikes it as we.

He loved her more than ever.

I shall come along as often as possible.

其他省略

连词that的省略：

宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看“名词性从句”等有关部分）。 在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。

引导主语从句、同位语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。

不定式符号to的省略

1. 并列的不定式可省去后面的to。

I told him to sit down and (to) wait for a moment.

2. 某些使役动词（如let, make, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel和listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。 —I saw the boy fall from the tree. —The boy was seen to fall from the tree. 3. 在can not but, can not choose but, do nothing but...， can't help but...， prefer to do rather than do ...，would do... rather than...之后的动词不定式一般不带to；but之前有实义动词do的某个形式do, does, did, done 而且其宾语是something，nothing，anything和everything等不定代词时，也不带to, 否则要带to。 The boy did nothing but play.

4. 动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常承前省略不定式后的内容，但要保留不定式符号to。

—Did you get a ticket?

— No, I meant to (get one), but there weren't any left.

特别注意：want, like用在 when, if, what，as 引导的从句中，其后的to也常可省略 I've decided to do what I like.

5. 在why, why not 引导的特殊问句中后跟省略to的动词不定式。 Why talk so much about it? Why not try it again?

if省略

连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见“倒装句”有关部分）

主句与从句各有一些成分省略

The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).

5.根据不同语境可省略不同成分。如：only if，if only Only if he turns over a new leaf. （除非他重新做人。）

If only I could be master of this subject. 6.特殊疑问句的省略。

Where to? =Where are you going to? What for?

What do you come here for?

Why not do it? =Why don’t you do it? How/What about (sb) doing sth.? What’s on tonight? What’s up? 8.命令和请求 No talking！ Silent, everybody!

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