全国中考英语汇编解析：阅读理解

2018年全国中考英语试题专题练习：阅读理解

1、（2018?黔南州）listen to，influence，record，play，think Abing，a great Chinese folk musician，was born in 1893．He（81）playedmusic that could touch the hearts of people．When we（82）listen tohis music，we can sense both the beauty and the sadness in it．It makes us（83）thinkabout the pain and wounds that we have experienced in the past．For this reason，many people praise him as the musician who（84）has influencederhu music greatly．So it is really a pity that not many pieces of his music（85）were recorded．

【考点】人物故事类阅读；语言知识；综合填空． 【分析】全文大意：

阿炳，中国著名的民间音乐家，出生在1893年．他演奏的音乐能触动人的心灵．当我们听他的音乐时，我们既能感受到音乐的动听又能感受到音乐里蕴藏的悲伤．它使我们回想起过去的忧伤和痛苦经历．由于这个原因，许多人称赞他为对二胡音乐影响重大的音乐家．所以真的很遗憾他的许多音乐没能录制下来． 【解答】答案：

81．played 考查句意理解及动词时态用法 根据He…music that could touch the hearts of people可知该句为含有定语从句的复合句，该空处作主句的谓语，故填入动词的正确形式，结合该句的主语是he代指\及空格后的关键词music，结合所给的单词，可知play music意为\演奏音乐\，故填入play的正确形式，根据

本句谈论的是过去的事情故使用一般过去时，故填play的过去式，故答案为played．

82．listen to 考查句意理解及动词时态用法 根据When we…his music，we can sense both the beauty and the sadness in it．可知该句为含有时间状语从句的复合句，该空处作从句的谓语，故填入动词的正确形式，结合空格后的关键词his music，结合所给的单词，可知listen to music意为\听音乐\，故填入listen的正确形式，根据本句谈论的是现在的客观事实故使用一般现在时，结合从句的主语是we故填入listen的动词原形即可，故答案为listen to． 83．think 考查句意理解及固定用法 根据It makes us…about the pain and wounds that we have experienced in the past可知该句为含有定语从句的复合句，该空处作主句的宾语补足语即make sb do sth\使某人做某事\故填入动词原形即可，结合空格后的关键词about结合所给的单词，可知think about\思考、回想\符合意思，故填think

84．has influenced 考查句意理解及动词时态用法 根据For this reason，many people praise him as the musician who…erhu music greatly．可知该句为含有定语从句的复合句，该空处作从句的谓语，故填入动词的正确形式，根据本句谈论的过去发生的事情与现在有联系，故判断为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，结合定语从句的先行词为the musician 为第三人称单数，结合所给的单词中influence\影响\符合意思，套用结构，故填has influenced

85．were recorded 考查句意理解及动词语态用法 根据 So it is really a pity that not many pieces of his music…可知该句为含有主语从句的复合句．该空处在从句中作谓语，故填入动词的正确形式，结合所给的单词record\录制\，符合意思．根据主句是一般现在时，主语从句用适当的时态，根据从句谈论的是过去的事情故使用一般过去时，主语many pieces of his music是谓语动词record的承受者，二者形成被动关系所以用被动语态，故该空处为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词，主语many pieces 是复数名词，be动词用were，故填were recorded

2、（2018?宿迁）When we say someone is in a blue mood，it means he or she is unhappy or sad．Are you feeling a little blue？Here are some fast and easy ways to cheer you up． Exercise

When you exercise，your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin （内啡肽）．This chemical makes you feel happy．That is why exercise is good for you． Have a talk

If something or somebody is troubling you．don't quarrel with other people to relax yourself．It is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart with a friend or a family member．Tell them your feelings．A chat is a useful way to make you feel better． Have some bobbies

For example，playing pop music，drawing something or listening to your favorite music will make you smile．Act like an artist．Draw，paint or make something．Being active and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less nervous． Laugh more

Laughing is the best way to improve your moods．Children laugh about 400times a day．Adults only laugh about 20times a day．What happen？Experts say if we laugh more，we will be happier and healthier． Think positively

Close your eyes and imagine a beautiful scene or a time．Never think about anything terrible that you can't change．What's more，leave your flat and go outside．Sun and fresh air are good for you．Be a kid for a day．Play games，watch comedy movies or read jokes online． Title：（66）Ways to cheer you up Exercise ●It is good for you to exercise．

●The chemical your brain（67）givesout makes you feel happy． Have a talk

●Don't quarrel with others to（68）relax yourself．

●（69）Have a heart-to-heart talk can make you feel better． Have some（70）hobbies smile．

●Being active and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less（71）nervous

●Doing your favorite things will make you

Laugh more ●It's happier and（72）healthier for us to laugh more every day．

●Children laugh（73）more times a day than adults．

Think positively ●Close your eyes and（74）imagine a beautiful scene． ●Leave you flat and go（75）outside to do you favorite things like playing games，watching comedy films or reading jokes． 【考点】人生感悟类阅读；判断推理；阅读填空．

【分析】【文章大意】这篇文章主要介绍了让你高兴起来的五个快速简单的方法．他们分别是：第一，锻炼，锻炼能产生内啡肽，让你兴奋起来．第二，与人交谈．交谈是很有效的方法让你开心．第三，有一些爱好．这会让你更活跃和具有创新意识，使得你对自己更满意．第四，多笑笑．每天多笑笑，会让你更开心，更健康．第五，积极的思考．想象一些美好的、你最喜欢的事物．

【解答】66．答案为Ways．文章拟题．根据\ways to cheer you up，我们可以知道，这篇文章主要讲的就是介绍让你高兴起来的几个方法，所以文章标题可以是Ways to Cheer you up．故填Ways．

67．答案为gives．细节理解题．根据\，your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin\，我们知道你大脑会散发出一种叫做内啡肽的物质，所以填gives，you brain gives out做后置定语修饰The chemical．故答案为gives．

68．答案为relax．细节理解题．根据\something or somebody is

troubling you．don't quarrel with other people to relax yourself\，我们知道不跟人吵架会让你觉得身心轻松．故答案为relax．

69．答案为Have．细节理解题．根据\is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart with a friend or a family member．Tell them your feelings，我们知道来一场促膝长谈，会让自己开心，所以应该填Have，根据上面Don't quarrel判断此处应为祈使句，所以使用Have的动词原形．故答案为Have．

70．答案为hobbies．细节理解题．根据第三条建议\得出此处答案．故答案为hobbies．

71．答案为nerous．细节理解题．根据\you feel more satisfied and less nervous\，我们可以得知活跃创新会让你更易满足，不会再那么紧张，故答案为nerous．

72．答案为healthier．细节理解题．根据\，we will be happier and healthier\，我们可以得知每天都笑的话，会让我们更加开心和更加健康，所以此处缺少的单词应该是healthier，故答案为healthier．

73．答案为more．推理判断题．根据\day．Adults only laugh about 20times a day\，我们可以得知，小孩每天笑的次数远远多于一个青年人，所以应该是笑的比青年人多，根据空格处后\的理解，空格处为一比较级，所以根据题意，more比较合适，故答案为more．

74．答案为imagine．细节理解题．根据\

beautiful scene or a time\，我们可以得知此条建议你闭上眼睛，想象一个美好的场景．空格处缺少动词imagine，所以答案为imagine． 75．答案为outside．细节理解题．根据\，leave your flat and go outside．Sun and fresh air are good for you．Be a kid for a day．Play games，watch comedy movies or read jokes online\，我们可以得知，离开你的公寓，到外面去，就当一天的小孩，玩游戏、看喜剧等，所以此处应该太难outside符合文意．故答案为outside

3、（2018?新疆）Every body talks about the weather．It's the most popular topic of conversation（谈话）．For example，people may say to each other\it a nice day？\you think it is going to rain？？\think it is going to snow．\（61）E

Many people think they can tell what the weather is going to be like．（62）C．One man may say，\east？It's going to rain tomorrow．\，\，it's cloudy in the east，so we are going to have a fine day tomorrow．\（63）AWhen a farmer needs water，he looks for something to tell him it is going to rain，he won't believe other things．When people have a picnic，but it begins to rain，they will be so sure about something that shows the weather is going to be fine very quickly（64）D

Almost everyone listens to what the weatherman says．But he does not tell us what we want．and sometimes he makes a mistake．（65）B

A．People often hope for the weather they want．

B．However，he still probably comes closer to being right than most people．

C．But they don't always agree with each other．

D．They won't believe that will finish their lunch in the rain． E．All these are the common ways to start a conversation． 【考点】日常生活类阅读；判断推理；综合填空．

【分析】每个人都谈论天气，这是一个最流行的话题．例如，人们可能对彼此说：\今天天气很好！\你认为会下雨吗？\我认为会下雪\这些是开始谈话的常见的方式．

许多人认为他们可以知道天气将会怎样．但是他们总是不赞同彼此的看法．一个男人可能说：\你看见东边的云了吗？明天会下雨\但是另一个人可能说：\是的，东边是多云，所以明天会是晴天\

人们经常期望他们想要的天气，当一个农民需要水，他寻找一些事情去告诉他会下雨，他不会相信其他的事情．当人们野餐，但是开始下雨，他们会很肯定相信天气很快会好起来．他们相信他们不会在雨中吃完午饭．

几乎每个人听天气预报，但是天气预报员并没有告诉我们想要的，有时候会犯错．然而，他仍然有可能比大部分人更接近正确． A．人们经常期望他们想要的天气

B．然而，他仍然有可能比大部分人更接近正确． C．但是他们总是不赞同彼此．

D．他们相信他们不会在雨中吃完午饭． E．这些是开始谈话的常见的方式．

【解答】61．答案：E．推理题．根据It's the most popular topic of conversation（谈话）．For example，people may say to each other\a nice day？\？？\to snow．\可知是在列举谈话的方式，故选E．

62．答案：C．推理题．根据后文One man may say，\cloudy it is in the east？It's going to rain tomorrow．\say，\，it's cloudy in the east，so we are going to have a fine day tomorrow．\两个人的看法不同，也就是不赞同彼此，故选C． 63．答案：A．推理题．根据When a farmer needs water，he looks for something to tell him it is going to rain，可知农民需要水就期望雨天，故人们期望他们想要的天气，故选A．

64．答案：D．推理题．根据When people have a picnic，but it begins to rain，they will be so sure about something that shows the weather is going to be fine very quickly上文是说他们野餐时下雨，他们相信天气会好起来，会继续这一话题即不相信他们会在雨中吃完午饭．故选D 5．答案：B．推理题．根据But he does not tell us what we want．and sometimes he makes a mistake．可知天气预报员也会犯错，后句表相关联的转折，但要比大多数人更接近正确，故选B 5、（2018?上海） Letter A

Young people are always told that they should make the most of their time，that they will never be as free again So，my question is-why fill up all this free time with housework？Parents expect their children to get good grades，be good at sports，and be popular with other kids．However，there is not enough time in the day to do these things and then do housework as well．It's not fair to expect teenagers to give up their precious time to do boring housework．Parents and children both have jobs．Parents'jobs are in the workplace．Their children's jobs are at school．

The only difference is that parents get paid and children don't．Parents say that they make their kids do housework to teach them responsibility．But this is just a trick．Parents trick their kids into doing housework because they are lazy． Yours， Overloaded

Letter B

Both parents and children have jobs．The parent's job is to go to work to earn money．The child's job is to go to school．But we all get huggry．Someone has to cook the meals and clean up afterward．We all wear clothes that get dirty．Someone has to wash them，iron them，and put them away．Chlidren work from 9 until 4．Parents work from 8 until 6．Sure，after 4 o'clock，children have homework．But after 6，parents have homework too．They have to do the shopping，go to the bank，pay

7、（2018?南京）How long does it take to bulid a new house？It usually takes about

six months or more．（66）BButeach year，thousands of people work together to bulid new homes in just four months？Who does this（67）wwonderful work？Habitat for Humanity．

Habitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in （68）nneed．It has branches（分部）in different states around the country． This group works all over the world，too．Volunteers help build the homes．They are unpaid workers who do all the work for （69）ffree．Volunteers can be builders and painters．They can be teachers or bankers，Some are students．Habitat for Humanity has built more than 300，000 houses．More than 1.5 million people（70）llive in these houses． Buliding a home is hard work．Volunteers learn （71）hhow to put up walls．They use many （72）mmachines/materialsand tools．These selfless（无私的 ）volunteers work with the family that will live in the house，Everyone works together to make the family's （73）ddream（s）come true．

Suruchi Srikanth has worked with Habitat for Humanity for four years．She （74）bbeganvolunteering in high school．She has built many homes with others Volunteers．She takes her responsibilities（责任）seriously．Volunteers know （75）iifthey don't help，homes may not get built．They are good citizens who care other people．

【考点】语法填空．

【分析】建一个新家通常至少都需要6个月的时间，但Habitat for Humanity这个组织却只需要短短的4个月．而实际上他们都是志愿者无偿帮忙，在世界各地帮助那些正在盖新家的人完成梦想… 【解答】（66）答案but．由前后文建房所用时间的对比可知此处表转折，故填but．

（67）答案wonderful．由句子结构此处应填形容词修饰work，结合文意应表赞叹，故填wonderful．

（68）答案need．Habitat for Humanity为那些有需要的家庭帮忙建房，固定搭配in need，故填need．

（69）答案free．由前文知这个组织的工人都是志愿者，无偿工作，for free，免费，故填free．

（70）答案live．Habitat for Humanity已经建了超过300，000所房子，并且已经有超过150000的人住进了他们建的房中，故填live． （71）答案how．志愿者并非都是专业的建筑工人，他们会学习如何筑墙，how表方式，故填how．

（72）答案machines/materials．他们建房会用到机器，原材料和工具，结合前文use和首字母提示，故可填machine/materials．

（73）答案dream（s）．大家齐心协力去帮助这些家庭实现梦想，make one's dream（s） come true，实现某人的梦想，故填dream（s）． （74）答案began．她中学就开始加入志愿者行列，发生在过去，故填began．

（75）答案if．志愿者们清楚，如果没有他们的帮助，这些家园可能不会建立起来，if表假设，故填if．

8、（2018?福州）In New York City public school，176 different languages are spoken （86）aamong more than one million students．For 160000 children，English is not their first language．New York's Department of Education makes learning （87）bbetter for these students by providing dual-language （双语）programs．Students are taught in two languages，English and （88）aanother one，such as French，German or Japanese，Math，social studies，science and all other regular courses are taught in both languages．And they learn about the （89）culture/'k?lt??（r）/of the other country．

Milady Baez，a headmaster，says these dual-language programs will help children succeed in the future．\jobs of the future （90）require/n'kwat?（r）/that our students know more than one language．They're going to travel （91）abroad（在国外）and communicate with people from all over the world．This will open doors for them．\ Shuya Zhang （92）teaches （教）a dual-language class．She says，\started economic relationships with China．Lots of factories were （93）built．companies moved to China．They need people with both language skills．\

Anna，a Russian girl came to America （94）when she was two years old．She says the Russian．English program keeps her connected to her

heritage and her parents happy．

Nowadays，more and more （95）foreigners（外国人）come to China．Perhaps in the future your school will also provide them with the dual=language program．

【考点】语法填空；政治经济类阅读．

【分析】本文主要讲了双语教学．在美国纽约的公立学校，一百万个学生中一共讲176种语言．对16万个学生来说，英语是他们的第一语言．纽约教育部门让这些学生能够接受双语教学--英语及另外一种语言，例如法语，德语，或者日语等，像数学，科学，社会学及其他常规课程都是双语教学．并且学生能学习到另一个国家的文化．双语教学带来了好处--对学生将来的工作有利，能够和全世界的人交流．随着越来越多的外国人进入中国，中国也可能将会采用双语教学． 【解答】86．among 考查范围介词．本句句意为在一百万学生中一共讲176种语言，需表达\在…之间\，表示的范围对象是三者或三者以上，故需用among．

87．better 考查比较级．这里指改善了学习．根据首字母提示，可知是make sth better，因此为better．

88．another 考查指示形容词．前面讲到dual-language programs（双语教学项目），句子想要表达的是选取英语及另外一种语言进行学习，可以是法语、德语、日语等，因此指除了英语以外的\另外的\的语言，答案为another．

89．culture 考查语音辨析．根据语音可知，有两个音节，拼读为

culture，联系句意，确定答案，此处指学习别的国家的文化． 90．require 考查语音辨析．根据语音可知，有两个音节，拼读为require，联系句意，确定答案，此处指将来的工作要求学生懂得一种语言以上．

91．abroad 考查副词辨析．在国外，可以用副词abroad，前面travel为动词，用副词修饰．

92．teaches 考查动词的时态和人称变化．根据后面的动词says可知，本段是对现在的情况的一般描述，用一般现在时，并且，人称为第三人称单数，因而动词teach改为teaches．注意，ch结尾，第三人称单数的动词需加es．

93．built 考查动词的语态．此处指在中国很多工厂被建立．需用被动语态，因此需用build的过去分词built．

94．when 考查从属连词，此处缺少时间状语，需用when来引导时间状语，意为当她两岁的时候．

95．foreigners 考查可数名词的复数形式．此处外国人是可数名词，故需在foreigner后加s

9、（2018?重庆）A big company wanted to find someone to work for them．Lots of young college students came to（80）ask for the job，but only a small part of them were left．And this time，the company didn't plan to choose the right persons as usual．

Here came the day when they took the final interview．A big box （81）full of papers was placed on the way to the interview room，and a few

-对不起，他去了哈尔滨，他在这座城市已经两天了．

【解答】答案C．has been to 是指某人去过某地，但是现在不在那里；has gone to 是指某人去了某地，还没回来，也可能是在去的途中；has been in 是指某人从过去的某个时间到现在一直在某地．根据回答Sorry，可知他已经去了哈尔滨，用has gone to．再根据for two days．应该可知他在这座城市已经两天了．后面空用has been in，故选C 13、（2018?黑龙江）Lei Feng ______ for many years，but his spirit is still encouraging us．（ ） A．died B．has been dead C．has died 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】雷锋已经去世许多年了，但他的精神仍在激励着我们． 【解答】答案为B．现在完成时常跟表示一段时间的时间状语，如\一段时间\、\时间点\、\the past+一段时间\等，由设空处后的for many years可知应用现在完成时表状态的持续，且与一段时间连用动词要用延续性动词．die是短暂性动词，应转换为 be dead表状态，结合其现在完成时的构成has/have+过去分词，主语为单数，故为has been dead，故选B．

14、（2018?怀化）-May I speak to Mr．Smith？ -Sorry，he isn't in．He Changsha．（ ） A．has been to C．went to

B．has gone to

【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】--我可以跟史密斯先生通话吗？ --抱歉，他不在家，他去长沙了． 【解答】答案：B

根据设空处前面的Sorry，he isn't in推断断史密斯先生去了长沙并且没有回来．英语中用have/has gone to表示去了某地，还没回来．用have/has been to表示为\曾经去过某地\，现在已不在那里了，故答案为B．

15、（2018?上海）This medicine millions of people's lives since it was put into use．（ ）

A．is saving B．will save C．has saved D．had saved 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】这种药自投入使用来就挽救了数百万人的性命． 【解答】答案为C

根据从属连词since可知，需要用现在完成时，表示从过去某个时间点开始到现在的动作，而且这个动作对现在有影响．

此处since引导时间状语从句，since后接表示一个时间点的句子，说明从过去的时间点到现在的这段时间里的动作．现在完成时的构成为has/have+过去分词．故选C

16、（2018?江西）The water dark and dirty．It's no longer safe to drink．（ ）

A．became B．has become

C．will become D．was becoming 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】这里水变得又脏又黑．已经不能继续安全饮用了． 【解答】答案：B．

结合句意是说水不能饮用了，也就是水变脏的动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语the water不可数名词，故has，become 的过去分词become，故答案是B． 17、（2018?海南）Uncle Liang ________ in Haikou since 1980，so he knows a lot about the city．（ ） A．is living B．has lived C．lived 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】自从1980年梁叔叔就住在海口，所以他对这个城市很了解． 【解答】答案：B

现在完成时的构成：主语+have/has+过去分词，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在；live居住，实义动词；since 1980自从1980年，意为自从1980年以来他就住在海口，表状态的持续，用于现在完成时；故选B

18、（2018?河北）Our team _______ another point!I'm sure we'll win the game．（ ） A．will get B．has got C．is getting D．was getting 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】我们队又得了一分，我确信我们会赢这场比赛． 【解答】答案：B

现在完成时的构成：主语+have/has+过去分词，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果；根据I'm sure we'll win the game．可知前面的得分对现在产生的影响是会赢得这场比赛，所以用现在完成时，故选B．

19、（2018?天津）---What a nice watch!How long you it？

---For just two weeks．（ ） A．will； buy B．have； had C．were； having D．did；buy 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】-多么漂亮的手表啊！你买多久了？ -只有两个星期． 【解答】答案：B

根据句中的关键词How long 可知这是询问时间段的疑问词组，结合选项此句的所表达的意思是你买手表多久了？根据答语For just two weeks（只有两个星期）表时间段，所以这里的意思也就是买这只手表有两个星期了，所以买手表这个动作发生在过去，拥有手表的状态一直延续到现在，还有可能继续延续下去，符合现在完成时的用法，所以问句应用现在完成时去表达，其构成是have/has+过去分词；由于后跟时间段时谓语动词必须用延续性动词，而buy为终止性动词故

不可用；所以应用其延续性动词have代替buy表\拥有\，指一种状态．主语为you所以用have，动词have的过去分词为had．故选B． 20、（2018?黔东南州）The bus____for five minutes when Tim arrived at the station．（ ） A．went B．has left C．had left

D．had been away

【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】当Tim到达车站的时候汽车已经离开5分钟了． 【解答】答案：D．

根据时间状语从句 when Tim arrived at the station结合句意\当Tim到达车站的时候汽车已经离开5分钟了．\判断主句的动作发生在\过去的过去\所以用过去完成时．过去完成时的构成是：主语+had+动词的过去分词； 由于设空处后面有for+时间段，所以动词必须是可延续性动词，leave是非延续性动词，转换成be away后可以与时间段连用，故答案为D．

21、（2018?广东）School violence______much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible．（ ） A．drew B．will draw C．has drawn D．was drawing 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】校园暴力问题引起了全社会的广泛关注，人们呼吁政府尽早

papers were lying around the box．

The first student came．He hurried along the way to take the interview．\put this （82）box in the middle of the road？\student said to himself，but he did not try to move the box away．Instead，he passed around the box and continued his way．

The second student came along and did the same thing．Then another came，and another．All of them complained （抱怨） about the box but（83）none of them tried to move it．What's worse，someone even stepped （踩） on the papers and left without having a look at the things on the ground．

Half an hour later，a thin young man with glasses came．He was also （84）among those who were left to take the interview．He saw the box and the papers around it．Without thinking twice，he （85）stopped and began to pick up the papers and put them into the box．Then he managed to move the box to the side．To his great （86）surprise，he found an invitation under the box．On it were the following words，\，young man!You are the（87）right/very person we are looking for!Would you like to join us？\

Sometimes，you see，helping others is helping yourself． 【考点】语法填空；记叙文．

【分析】一家大公司在招聘员工时，没有像往常一样去招聘合适的人员，他们把一个装满了纸的盒子放在了通往面试房间的路上，并且在

盒子的周围放了几张纸，前面所有的面试者都抱怨挡路的盒子，却没有人把盒子拿走，直到半个小时后一个戴眼镜的很瘦的年轻人出现，他把地上的纸装入到盒子里并把盒子移到边上，令他感到吃惊的是，盒子低下有一张邀请函，原来他就是公司要录取的合适人选． 这个故事告诉我们：有的时候，帮助别人就是帮助自己． 【解答】80．ask 考查动词 根据主语Lots of young college students （很多年轻的大学毕生），可以推测设空处的短语表达的意思是\寻求\，应该是ask for，ask for the job，则意为\求职\，故答案为：for． 81．full 考查形容词 根据设空处后面的 of papers 可以推断此处表达的是\一个装满了纸的盒子\，表达\装满了…\用 full of做后置定语，故答案为：full．

82．box 考查名词 根据前面提到的 A big box full of papers was placed on the way to the interview room，可知此处第一个面试者问的是\是谁把这个盒子放在了路中间？\，故答案为：box． 83．none 考查代词 根据上文的\（抱怨） about the box 所有人都抱怨那个盒子\和设空处前面的but可以推断此处表达的意思是\他们当中没有一个人试图把盒子移走\，表示\一个也没有\用none，故答案是none．

84．among 考查介词 根据设空处后面的\who were left to take the interview 那些留下来参加面试的人\，可知此处表达是\他也是那些留下来参加面试的人当中的一员\，表示\处在…之中\用介词among，故答案是among．

85．stopped 考查动词 根据前面的\没有多加考虑\，可以推断此处表达的是\他停下来开始捡起地上的纸\，表示过去的动作用动词过去式，故答案为：stopped．

86．surprise 考查名词 根据前面的To his great和后面的：他发现盒子底下有一张邀请函，上面写着\祝贺你，年轻人，你就是我们正在寻找的人\，可以推断此处表达的是\令他感到非常吃惊的是\，用短语to his great surprise．故答案是：surprise． 87．right/very 考查形容词 根据前面的Congratulations，young man!可以推断此处表达的是\你就是我们正在寻找的合适的人选\，应用形容词修饰person．故答案为：right/very

10、（2018?河北）I organized a picnic last Sunday，I got up（76）eearly and called some of my closest friends．First，we decided on a good （77）pplace to go，and then we talked about what food to bring．Everyone cooked the dishes that could be carried（78）easily（easy）．Everything was put into a backpack and we （79）took（take） it across fields．When we finally got there，we sat down eating，and enjoyed a nice day together．And I was quite sure that food tasted much （80）better（good） on a picnic than anywhere else! 【考点】语法填空．

【分析】本文讲了作者和朋友们的一次野餐的经历．作者上个星期组织了一次野餐．首先，我们决定好去哪里野餐，然后讨论我们要带什么食物．每个人都准备了容易带的东西．我们尽情享受了这次野餐，

我觉得这些食物比其他任何地方的都好吃．

【解答】76．early 考查副词辨析．句意为\我起来起得…\，根据首字母提示，可知是\早\（early，以e开头；late，晚，以l开头，故排除late），副词修饰动词短语get up，因此为early．

77．place 考查名词辨析．首先是决定去哪个好的地方野餐．结合首字母p及短语go to a place，可知答案为place．

78．easily 考查副词辨析．根据前面的动词carry以及句意表达\容易携带的东西\，副词修饰动词，因此easy需要变成easily． 79．took 考查时态辨析．整个文段都是对过去一个时间所发生的事情的一般描述，因此整个语段为一般过去时，因此take需要用过去式，为took．

80．better 考查形容词的辨析．此处关键词有than，表示比较，than anywhere else，意为比其他任何一个地方，是两者之间的比较，需用比较级，结合动词taste为系动词，后加形容词修饰，good的比较级为better，因此答案为better

11、（2018?天津）If you pay a visit to Liu Hasheng's restaurant in Harbin，you will find 18robots there．They are ready to serve you and make sure that your dining e（81）xperienceis perfect．After the visit，you can tell others that the robots serving customers isn't a dream any more． It's wonderful to see h（82）ow the 18robots work in the restaurant．The wonder s（83）tarts when you walk in．You'll see a robot come up and say，\，hello!Welcome to the Robot Restaurant．\

ordered your m（84）eal，the robots in the kitchen begin to do the cooking．After the food is p（85）repared，a robot waiter will glide （滑行） out of the kitchen to serve you with the meal you've ordered．And as customers enjoy their d（86）elicious food，a robot sings lovely songs for them．

You may ask，\did all these robots come from？\said they were designed （设计） and m（87）adeby the Harbin Haohai Robot Company．Liu said he invested （投资） 5million yuan in the restaurant，with each robot costing 200，000yuan to 300，000yuan．And the w（88）hole/wonderfulrobot team is managed by the workers in the computer room．

After a busy day，all the robots will go for a\，which is e（89）lectricity．After 5hours，the robots can continue their work for a day．The restaurant now provides a menu with more than 30dishes （菜肴），and the average （平均） cost for a dinner is a（90）bout 40to 50yuan．Do you want to go and have a try in this restaurant？ 【考点】语法填空． 【分析】文章大意：

这篇文章主要向我们介绍了在哈尔滨的一家餐馆全部是由18个机器人在为客人进行服务工作．他们随时准备为您提供服务，确保您的用餐体验完美．文章着重介绍了机器人是如何工作的，当你走进餐馆，你会看到一个机器人上来说：\地球人，你好！欢迎来到机器人餐厅．\

饰think；根据常识，人们通常认为左撇子的人在语言方面更好，有些人甚至认为左撇子的人更聪明．结合选项，该空应填副词usually，通常；故填usually 13、（2018?山西）

I make teach after large control try leaf small quiet before without

As a child，I got angry quite easily and was not good at communicating with others．

I still remember it was an early autumn．Some （71）leaves started to turn yellow and weather became cool．One day，as I was getting ready for school，my mother carelessly handed me my father's vest（背心）instead of（72）mine．At that time，I was getting to have a （73）largersize than my father，so when I put on the vest，I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe!I realized that it was a small mistake which （74）was madeby my mother，but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that it made me very angry．My mother said sorry with a smile，but I shouted at her （75）without thinking much，I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in it．I put on my own vest and rushed out of the house （76）beforemy mother could stop me．

Later，my mother shared her bad feelings with my father，\son has done．\（责备）or beat me，my father （77）quietlyasked my mother to mend the vest．

Later when my mother told me about my father's response，I felt ashamed（惭愧的）of my bad behavior．My father's gentle kindness （78）taughtme a lesson which I would never forget．

On that day，I decided not to let anger（79）controlme any longer．Of course，there are times when I am angry．However，whenever that happens，I （80）will tryto remember my father's vest．It always reminds me to think about others'feelings when I get angry． 【考点】综合填空；人生感悟类阅读．

【分析】短文讲述了我孩提时的一段印象深刻的经历；我小的时候很容易生气并且不善于与别人交流．

那是一个初秋，天气开始变凉．一天，我正准备去上学，妈妈粗心地把爸爸的背心递给了我，因为我的背心的尺码比爸爸的大点，所以当我穿上背心时，我感觉喘不过气来，因此我很生气．妈妈微笑着向我道歉，但是我不假思索地向她大吼，还把背心弄了一个洞．后来，妈妈和爸爸说起这事，爸爸的温和仁慈教会了我一个永远都不会忘记的教训．

从那以后，我决心控制我的情绪，一旦我发脾气的时候，我就用\爸爸的背心\那次感受来提醒自己．它总是提醒我，当我生气时，要考虑到别人的感受．

【解答】71．答案：leaves；该题考查名词辨析；根据上句it was an early autumn和该句信息started to turn yellow，推测该句中指的是树叶，leaf；根据句中的some可知用复数形式leaves；故填leaves；

72．答案：mine；该题考查代词辨析；根据后面的句意I realized that it was a small mistake which …by my mother推测该句句意：我的母亲不小心把我父亲的背心给了我，而不是我的．根据句中的instead of可知该空应填名词性物主代词mine；故填mine；

73．答案：larger；该题考查形容词比较级；根据后面的句意so when I put on the vest，I felt as if I wasn't able to breathe!推测上句句意：在那时，我（的衣服的尺码）正好比爸爸的衣服大一点；根据句中的than my father，可知该句用形容词large的比较级；故填larger； 74．答案：was made；该题考查动词辨析；根据I realized that it was a small mistake which …by my mother推测该句句意：我认为这是由我的母亲造成的一个小错误；该句是由which引导的定语从句，根据句中的by my mother可知该句为被动语态，be+过去分词；因为该句为一般过去式，故填was made；

75．答案：without；该题考查介词辨析；根据上句My mother said sorry with a smile和转折连词but推测该句句意：但是我不假思索地向她大吼；故填without；

76．答案：before；该题考查连词辨析；根据句中信息 put on my own vest and rushed out of the house …my mother could stop me．推测该句句意：我穿上自己的背心，在母亲阻止我之前冲出屋子；故填before； 77．答案：quietly；该题考查副词辨析；根据句意Instead of scold（责备）or beat me，推测该句句意：我父亲平静地让我妈妈修补这件背心；因为空中的词修饰动词ask；故用副词形式；故填quietly；

78．答案：taught；该题考查动词辨析；根据上句Later when my mother told me about my father's response，I felt ashamed（惭愧的）of my bad behavior推测该句句意：爸爸的温和仁慈教会了我一个永远都不会忘记的教训；应用动词teach，该句为一般过去时；故填taught； 79．答案：control；该题考查动词辨析；根据后面的句子Of course，there are times when I am angry．推测该句句意：我决定不再让愤怒（的情绪）控制我了；let的后面用动词原形：故填：control；

80．答案：will try；该题考查动词辨析；根据句中信息whenever that happens，I …to remember my father's vest，推测该句句意：每当发生这种情况，我会尽量记得父亲的背心；该句为以whenever引导的让步状语从句，从句用的是一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时态；try to do sth是固定短语意为尽力去做某事；故填will try． 2018年全国中考英语试题专题练习：现在完成时 1、（2018?永州）-___you ever ___to the Great Wall？ -Yes，Three times．（ ） A．Has，been

B．Have，been C．Have，gone

【考点】现在完成时． 【分析】--你曾经去过长城吗？ --是的．去过三次了． 【解答】答案：B．

have been to 表示曾经去过某地，have gone to，表示已经去了某地，或正在去某地的路上，根据ever和three times，可以推测这里表示曾

经去过某地，现在已经回来了，主语是you，这里应该用have．故选B．

2、（2018?宁夏）-Look!Someone _______ the classroom． -Well，it wasn't me．I didn't do it．（ ） A．is cleaning

B．was cleaning

C．has cleaned D．will clean 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】--看，有人已经把教室打扫干净了 --呃，不是我做的．我没有打扫． 【解答】答案：C．

根据it wasn't me．I didn't do it，可以判断打扫教室这个动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响，教室已经打扫了，所以这里用现在完成时，结构为：have/has+动词过去分词．主语是someone，是个不定代词，作主语谓语动词用单数，故选C． 3、（2018?威海）---Is that a new coat？ ---No，I_____it for a long time．（ ） A．bought

B．have bought

C．have had 【考点】现在完成时． 【分析】--那是一件新上衣吗？ --不，我已经买了很长时间了． 【解答】答案：C．

根据for a long time可知，这是一个表示一段时间的时间状语，通常用于现在完成时，而且动词应该用延续性动词，而buy是瞬间性动词，不能持续一段时间，所以要用have，这里是指拥有手表这种状态持续到现在，故用现在完成时态，结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是I，所以助动词用have，动词have的过去分词为had．故选C 4、（2018?福州）-The boy misses his parents very much．

-So he does．They _____ the hometown for nearly two years．（ ） A．have left B．will leave C．have been away from 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】--这个小男孩非常想念他的父母． --确实是这样．他们离开家快2年了． 【解答】答案：C．

根据for nearly two years可知，这是一个表示一段时间的时间状语，而leave是瞬间性动词，不能持续一段时间，所以要用be away from，它后面可以跟表示一段时间的状语，结合语境可知用现在完成时，现在完成时态的结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是They，所以助动词用have，故选C

5、（2018?苏州）-Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia．

-Oh，that's why I can't find them now．（ ） A．have gone to B．have been to

C．has gone to D．has been to

【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】--Hobo 和 Eddie 去电影院看《疯狂动物城》这部影片了． --哦，那就是我现在为什么找不到他们的原因． 【解答】答案：A．

have/has been to表示去过某地，人已经回来；have/has gone to表示去了某地，人未回来．根据that's why I can't find them now，可知那就是我现在为什么找不到他们的原因，说明了他们两个人现在不在这里，去看电影了．所以应用have/has gone to．Hobo and Eddie是两个人，所以助动词应该用have．故选A．

6、（2018?武汉）I don't feel very well，Jack．I'm afraid you______me your cold．（ ）

A．give B．had given C．have given 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】我感觉很不好受，Jack．恐怕你把感冒传染给我了． 【解答】答案：C．

结合句意是说我感觉很不好受，恐怕你把感冒传染给我了，也就是传染感冒的动作发生在过去，对现在造成一定的影响，用现在完成时have/has+过去分词，主语you，故have，give 的过去分词given，故选C．

7、（2018?北京）It's nice to see you again．We each other since 2014．（ ）

D．would give

A．won't see B．don't see C．haven't seen D．didn't see 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】很高兴再次见到你．自从2014以来，我们彼此就没有见过面．

【解答】答案：C．现在完成时，表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果．或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态．根据It's nice to see you again．很高兴再次见到你．可知是说现在见到了．根据since 2014，可知从过去已经开始，持续到现在的状态．应该用现在完成时态．现在完成时态的构成：助动词have/has+过去分词，否定式为：助动词have/has+not+过去分词．根据主语we，所以应该用haven't seen，故选：C．

8、（2018?张家界）- you ever the history museum，Paul？

-No．I haven't．（ ） A．Do；visit B．Did；visit C．have；visited 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】--Paul，你曾经参观过历史博物馆吗？ --不，没有． 【解答】答案：C．

根据问句中的ever结合答语No．I haven't．判断问句用现在完成时，

现在完成时的构成是：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词；变一般疑问句把have提到主语前面，故答案为C

9、（2018?郴州）Yangjiang，a famous female writer，_____________for abut a month so far．（ ） A．died B．has been dead C．has been died 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】杨绛，一位著名的女性作家，到目前为止去世大约一个月了． 【解答】答案：B．

句中的时间状语for+时间段是现在完成时的标志，且句子中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词，现在完成时的构成是：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词；主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，die是非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用，be dead表状态，可以与时间段连用，故答案为B 10、（2018?黔南州）Rick____a lot about Chinese culture since he came to China．（ ） A．has learned

B．will learn

C．learns D．learned 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】自从Rick来到中国，他学到了很多关于中国文化的知识． 【解答】答案：A．

根据时间状语从句since he came to China结合句意\自从Rick来到中国，他学到了很多关于中国文化的知识．\强调对于现在造成的结果

和影响，判断主句用现在完成时．现在完成时的构成是：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词；主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故答案为A

11、（2018?烟台）-Lucy has to London．How can I get in touch with her？

-Don't worry．She will phone you as soon as she there．（ ） A．been，will get C．gone，will get

B．been，gets D．gone，gets

【考点】现在完成时；一般现在时．

【分析】--露西已经去了伦敦，我怎么能和她联系上呢？ --别担心，她一到那里，就将打电话给你．

【解答】答案D．由语境：我怎么能和她联系上呢？可推断到Lucy已经去了伦敦，不在说话在身旁，故用has gone to，再由as soon as引导时间状语从句，用一般现在时代替将来时，主语为单数she用gets，故选D．

12、（2018?黑龙江）-May I speak to Mr．Lee？

-Sorry，he ______ Harbin，he ______ the city for two days．（ ） A．has been to； has been in B．has gone to； has been to C．has gone to； has been in 【考点】现在完成时．

【分析】-我可以和李先生说话吗？

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