科技英语翻译作业参考答案

篇章翻译： 四 1）; 八1

Passage 1:

The possible effects of some scientific fields, such as lasers and cryogenics, are difficult to imagine and both already have a number of uses. The supercooling effects of the cryogenics which convert liquid helium and other gases into “superfluids” and metals into “superconductors”, making them non-resistant to electricity, could change the world in a number of ways. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in a diamond, and yet can be so well controlled that it can be used in delicate eye operations. The question is whether it will be most used for peaceful purposes or as a deadly weapon.

答案：

某些科学领域，诸如激光学和低温学，它们的可能作用是难以想象的，它们两者已经有若干用途。低温学的过冷作用将液态氦及某些气体变成“超流体”，将某些金属变成“超导体”，使它们没有电阻，从而可以在好些方面改变世界面貌。激光，以它强烈的光束，可在金刚石上钻孔，也可以很好地加以控制来进行难做的眼科手术。问题是它将被大量用于和平的目的呢，还是用途致使的武器。

四2） 15-1

Domestic noises may perhaps be controlled by forethought and courtesy, and industrial noises by good planning and technical improvement. But if we are going to allow fast motor-cycles and heavy diesel lorries to pass continuously trough residential and business districts, the community must decide on the control it needs to exercise, for in the long run it has got to pay for it. And if a nation is to take part in modern air transport, it must enter into international agreements on the noise control measures it will impose at its airports — and here the cost of any real control is to be measured in millions of dollars.

答案：

家里的噪音或许可能通过事先的考虑与谦让加以控制，工业噪音则可能通过良好的规划与技术的改进加以控制。但是，如果我们允许高速摩托车与重型内燃机卡车经常不断地通过住宅区与商业区，那么这些地区的全体居民就必须决定他们需要实行的控制措施，因为从长远的观点来看，他们必须为些付出代价。如果一个国家要有现代化的空中运输，它必须参加国际噪音控制措施协定，这些措施它必须责成它的机场予以执行——而在这个问题上，任何真正控制措施的费用要以百万美元来计算。

五13） 15-2

At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outright by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage many not be significant. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will

replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in a deformed way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.

答案：

能级非常高的辐射线能摧毁重要器官里的大量细胞从而把动物或人立即杀死。即使是最低能级的辐射线也能造成严重的损害。不存在任何绝对安全的辐射能级。如果辐射线没有击中任何重要的东西，造成的损害可能不太大。当辐射线只击中少数细胞并且立即摧毁它们的时候，情况就是这样。你的身体能以健康的细胞代替死亡的细胞。但如果这些少数的细胞只受到损坏，而这些细胞又自行繁殖，那你就会遇到麻烦。它们进行畸形繁殖。它们有可能演变成癌，这种情况有时在许多年之后才能显示出来。 五2

If the sun has enough power to warm and light the whole earth, it must have enough power to do other things, too. Can we use the sun’s abundant energy to supply electricity, or at least to perform the functions which electricity or other types of power usually perform? The answer is yes. For example, people have for many years been using the reflected heat of the sun to cook by. Solar cookers have been built with several curved mirrors reflecting the sun and focusing its heat on the cooking element. This apparatus can be used just like a gas or electric stove; it is more expensive to make but it does not need any fuel, and so costs nothing to use. Another possibility of using solar energy is in house-heating.

答案：

太阳既然有足够的能量使整个地球变得温暖和明亮，它必定也有足够的能量做出其他的事。我们是否能利用太阳丰富的能源来发电，或至少是用它来做电力或别种动力通常要做的事？回答是肯定的。

例如，多年来人们一直在利用反射太阳光的热量来烧煮食物。太阳炉是用几面曲面镜反射阳光并将其热量聚焦于炊具上制成的。这种装置可以象煤气炉或电炉一样使用；制造成本虽然较高，但它不需用燃料，因而使用就不必花钱。太阳能的另一个可能性是取暖。 5）

六1； 9-1

The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation. You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction, that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.

答案：

科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达方式，也就是对一切现象进行思索并给以精确而严谨解释的表达方式。你们都多次听说过，科学家是用归纳法和演绎法工作的，他们用这些方法，在某种意义上说，力求从自然界找出某些自然规律，然后他们根据这些规律，用自己的某种非同一般的本领，建立起他们的理论。许多人以为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维过程相比，认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。

六2； 10-1 6）

Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.“In short,” a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.” Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. Whether the Government’s should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

答案：

他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼识，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普通的东西。新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：“简而言之，我们所称谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。”工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被科学史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。政府究竟是以减少对技术的经费投入来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这往往取决于把哪一方看作是驱动的力量。 7）

七1 11-1

But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago. The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.

Astrophysicists working with ground-based detectors at the South Pole and balloon-borne instruments are closing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon. If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. Odd though it sounds, cosmic inflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas in elementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced for the better part of a decade that it is true.

答案：

更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。巨大的宇宙云的存在，实际上是使二十年代首创的大爆炸论得以保持其宇宙起源论的主导地位所不可缺少的。

天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久会报告他们的观测结果。假如那些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一科学论说的胜利，这种论说即更完美的大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。宇宙膨胀说虽然听似奇特，但它是基本粒子物理学中一些公认的理论在科学上看来可信的推论。许多天体物理学家七、八年来一直认为这一论说是正确的。 8）

七2 12-2

Between now and the end of the century, there will be many exciting developments and also many difficult problems to deal with. Perhaps the most urgent problem is to provide enough food. The world’s population is expected to reach 7,000 million by the year 2000, but already scientists have produced new and better varieties of wheat and rice and animal. They have also been experimenting with techniques of cultivating plants by using mixtures of chemical compounds and water only, and then there will be no need for ordinary soil. Another problem which the world will face is to get rid of refuse. One solution is to burn refuse at very high temperatures in incinerators. A development of this, which may prove very useful in the future, is to use these incinerators to generate steam power. In fact, any new source of energy will be very welcome, as there is already a shortage of petroleum. To solve the energy problem, scientists will probably also try to make more use of solar energy.

答案：

从现在到本世纪末，将有许多令人兴奋的发展，同样也有许多困难的问题，需要加以处理。也许最为迫切的问题是提供足够的粮食。到2000年世界人口预期将达到70亿，但是科学家们已经培育出各种小麦、稻谷和牲畜的优良品种。他们还在实验只用化合物和水的混合剂来培植作物的技术，到那里就可不需一般的土壤了。世界将面对着的另一问题是处理废物。有一个解决办法就是在焚化炉中用高温的废物烧掉。这种方法的一个新发展，可能在将来证明极为有用，即是以这些焚火炉来产生蒸汽动力。事实是，任何新的能源都将是非常受欢迎的，因为石油已感不足。要解决能源问题，科学家们也许会高潮更多地利用太阳能。

9） 13-1

To control noise is to demand much self-discipline (annoyance arises often from lack of common courtesy), a sense of proportion (there is usually a conflict of interest if a noise is to be stopped), the expenditure of money (and it is far more economical to do this early rather that late), and finally, technical knowledge.Technical difficulties often arise from the subjective-objective nature of the problem. You can define the excessive speed of a motor-car in terms of a pointer reading on a speedometer. But can you define excessive noise in the same way? You find that with any existing simple “noise-meter”, vehicles which are judged to

be equally noisy may show considerable difference on the meter.Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible. The next remedy is to absorb it on its way to the ear.

答案：

要控制噪音就得要求很大程度的自我约束（使人烦恼的事常常是由于缺乏普通的礼貌引起的），一种均衡感（如果要制止噪音，通常会引起利害冲突），化钱（早化钱比晚化钱经济得多），最后还有技术知识。技术往往是由于问题的主客观性质引起的。你可以根据速度计上指针所指的读数来确定一辆汽车的超速。可是，你能用同样的方法来确定超量的噪音吗？你会发现，被认为噪音相同的车辆，在任何现有的简单“噪音计”上显示的读数可能大不相同。虽然消除噪音的最理想方法是产生的根源处消灭它，但在很多情况下，这也许是不可能的。其次的补救办法是将混音在它到达耳朵的过程中吸收掉。

10) 14-2

The form of energy we use most is electricity, and every day more is needed. But electricity has to be made, too, and to make it huge quantities of fuel are required — oil, coal, gas and nowadays even uranium.The question which worries everyone today is: how long will these fuels last? Nobody knows for sure, but most experts think it will soon be difficult to obtain sufficient electricity from these sources. It is possible that the sun can make a contribution here, too.Solar power has already been used to produce terrific hat. In Southern France a solar furnace has been built, where temperatures reach more than 3000° Centigrade. This furnace is only used for experiments at present, but could be used to produce steam for a power station.So it is possible that one day in the near future we will depend on solar furnaces and power stations to provide our electrical needs. Or perhaps each home will have a solar generator to provide power for lighting and heating.

答案：

我们用得最多的能的形式是电。而且用量与日俱增。但是电也需要生产，要生产电就需要大量燃料，如石油、煤、可燃气，现在甚至用铀作燃料。今天人人都担心的问题是：这些燃料能维持多久？谁也无法确知，但是大多数专家认为不需太久就难以靠这些来源提供充足的电力了。太阳倒有可能在这方面作出一定的贡献。太阳能已被用来提供极高的温度。在法国南部已经建造了一座太阳炉，供热可高达摄氏3000度以上。这座太阳炉目前只用于实验工作，但是有可能给发电站提供蒸汽。所以在不久的将来，我们有可能依靠太阳炉和太阳能发电站来提供我们对电力的需要。或许家家户户都将用太阳能来提供照明和加热用的电力。

一 Passage 1 ； 11-2

The EU will host an emergency meeting of energy ministers and nuclear safety officials today to discuss the situation at the 150 nuclear power stations within its territories. A spokesman said the aim of the hastily organised meeting was to get first-hand information about what

contingency plans were in place should an emergency occur.In Germany,

Chancellor Angela Merkel announced a three-month moratorium on

government plans to postpone by more than a decade the decommissioning of Germany’s 17 nuclear reactors. This could lead to the immediate switch-off of the country’s two oldest plants, Mrs Merkel added. 欧盟将在今天举行能源部长以及核安全官员紧急会晤，商讨欧盟成员国境内共150座核电站的安全状况。一位发言人表示，此次紧急会议的目的是获取紧急情况发生时应急预案的第一手资料。德国总理安吉拉?默克尔宣布，政府将把延长17座核电站营运期长达十多年的决定押后三个月。默克尔补充称，德国最老旧的两座核电站将立即关闭。

一Passage 2 10-2

Japanese firm NEC Avio Infrared Technologies has announced the development of a mirror that can detect flu-like symptoms, such as a fever. The Thermo Mirror has a built-in thermometer, but an individual does not need to make any physical contact with the device for it to measure their temperature, making it a handy reusable instrument for measuring flu. While a person admires their beauty or frets about how much extra weight they put on over Christmas, the mirror displays their temperature and an alarm sounds if they are deemed feverish. These devices are expensive, however, usually costing well over $10,000 each, but the Thermo Mirror can be bought for either 98,000 yen ($1,180) or 120,000 yen ($1,445), depending on the version, which means you can get a lot more for your money.

日本电气株式会社红外技术公司最近研发出一款“体温镜”，可以“照”出发烧等流感症状。这款“体温镜”配有内置体温计，可以在无需接触的情况下测出体温，使之成为方便快捷而且可重复使用的流感测量仪。当你对镜欣赏容貌，或者为圣诞节长胖了不少而烦恼时，“体温镜”就可以显示出你的体温，如果发烧还会发出警报。机场使用的热成像摄像机非常昂贵，每台的单价常超过1万美元，但此次研发出的两款“体温镜”单价仅为9.8万日元（1180美元）和12万日元（1445美元），可以省下一大笔钱。

二1. Passage 3 12-1

Feel like eating a hamburger? Or would you rather have a pizza? No problem, the 3D food printer will create anything you want, literally at the click of a button. Scientists at Cornell University in New York are developing a commercially viable 3D food printer, which uses raw food 'inks' that are fed into the printer and once you load the recipe and press the button, voila! An electronic blueprint states exactly what materials go where

and are drawn up using traditional engineering computer-aided design (CAD) software.

想吃汉堡包？还是匹萨饼？都没问题，只须按下按钮，3D食物打印机就可以做出你想要的任何美味。纽约康奈尔大学的科学家正研发一款可商用的3D食物打印机，以食物原料作“墨水”，将其放入打印机内。用户只要输入食谱，按下按钮，美味佳肴便大功告成！科学家拟定的“电子图纸”详细说明了食物原料的调配方法，该图纸是用传统工程学中的计算机辅助设计（CAD）软件绘制而成的。

二2. Passage 4；八2

Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, blizzards, landslides and droughts killed at least a quarter million people in 2010 — the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in

terrorism attacks in the past 40 years combined. \just seemed like it was back-to-back and it came in waves,\said Craig Fugate, who heads the US Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2010. White House science adviser John Holdren said we should get used to climate disasters or do something about global warming: \science is clear that we can expect more and more of these kinds of damaging events unless and until society's emissions of heat-trapping gases and particles are sharply reduced.\

2010年死于地震、热浪、洪灾、火山喷发、超强台风、暴风雪、山体滑坡和干旱的人数超过了25万人，是30多年来死亡人数最多的一年。全球死于自然灾难的人数超过过去40年来死于恐怖主义袭击的人数的总和。美国联邦紧急事务管理局局长克雷格?富盖特说：“（灾难）像海浪般接踵而至。” 2010年该局处理的灾难数目突破了历史记录。白宫科学顾问约翰?霍德伦认为，我们应该采取行动应对全球变暖，不然就得适应气候灾难。“道理很清楚，如果我们不能大量减少吸热气体和微粒的排放，那么这种极具破坏力的灾难会越来越多。”

Passage 5 14-1

Scientists have long known that the skin of frogs contains plenty of powerful germ-fighting substances because of the hostile environments they exist in. But the substances are also often poisonous to humans. Now a team at the United Arab Emirates University have worked out a way of modifying the chemicals to remove their harmful side-effects. They have already identified 100 new antibiotics including one that could fight the

superbug.

科学家很久以前就知道，由于生存环境恶劣，青蛙的皮肤中含有大量能够对抗微生物的物质。但对人来说，这些物质同样含有剧毒。现在，阿联酋大学的一个研究小组找到了一种办法，对这些化学物质进行处理，消除有害的副作用。他们已经发现了100种新型抗生素，其中包括一种能够对抗超级细菌的抗生素。

三1 Passage 6 13-2

WARNING: Holding a cell phone against your ear or storing it in your pocket may be hazardous to your health. This paraphrases a warning that cell phone manufacturers include in the small print that is often tossed aside when a new phone is purchased. Apple, for example, doesn't want iPhones to come closer to you than 1.5 centimeters; Research In Motion, BlackBerry's manufacturer, recommends 2.5 centimeters. If health issues arise from cell phone use, the implications are huge. Voice calls - Americans chat on cell phones 2.26 trillion minutes annually - generate $109 billion for the wireless carriers.

警告：将手机贴在耳边或者塞在口袋里可能有害健康。在消费者购置新机后，常对手机厂商印在不起眼位置的小字警告不以为然。例如，苹果公司提醒称iPhone手机距离人体至少要有1.5厘米，黑莓手机生产商RIM公司建议最小距离为2.5厘米。如果手机使用可导致健康问题，后果将很严重。美国每年手机通话的时长共计2.26万亿分钟，这些语音通话为无线运营商带来了1090亿美元的收入。

三2. Passage 7； 9-2

How exactly does stealth technology work? Simply speaking, stealth technology allows an aircraft to be partially invisible on radar or any other detection methods. It’s the principle of reflection and absorption that makes aircraft “stealthy”. Most conventional aircraft have a rounded shape, which creates a very efficient radar reflector. No matter where the radar signal hits the plane, some of the signal gets reflected back. A stealth aircraft, on the other hand, is made up of completely flat surfaces and very sharp edges. When a radar signal hits a stealth plane, the signal reflects away at an angle. Also, the surfaces on a stealth aircraft can be treated so they absorb radar signals. The overall result is that a stealth aircraft like an American F-117A reflects the radar signature of a small bird rather than an airplane. But stealth technology can’t make an aircraft fully invisible. It’s similar to the *camouflage *tactics used by soldiers in jungle *warfare. Unless the soldier comes near you, you can’t see him.

隐形技术运作的原理究竟是怎样的呢？简单来讲，隐形技术可以使飞机在雷达或

其他检测方法下变得部分不可见。正是这种反射吸收原理使飞机“隐身”了。大多数传统型战机都是圆形的，从而为雷达提供了一个非常有效的反射区。雷达信号接触到飞机的任何部位，都会有部分被反射回来。然而，隐形战机表面十分平整，边缘也很锋利，这样一来当雷达信号接触机身时，将会成一定角度反射散去。同时，经过加工处理的隐形战机表面还可以吸收雷达信号。结果是，像美国F-117A一类的隐形战机的雷达反射信号出仅仅如一只小鸟，而并非一架飞机。但隐形技术并不能使得飞机完全隐身。这就如同士兵们在丛林战争中使用的伪装术一样。除非士兵靠近你，不然你不会看到他。

1. The North American International Auto Show has traditionally served as an

extravagant unveiling of the latest in the automotive industry.

2. A new international initiative to increase grain crop yields could help raise

incomes for six million farmers in South Asia and combat hunger in one of the poorest regions of the world.

The U.S. space agency, NASA, is celebrating the 40th anniversary of the Apollo 8 space mission.

At NASA, 2008 will be remembered for shuttle missions, discoveries on Mars, and mysteries revealed across the solar system and beyond.

Three main Internet cables from Italy to North Africa were inexplicably severed in the second such incident in a year, plunging Egypt and several other Arab countries into a communications crisis.

Clean energies are forms of energy which do not pollute the air, the ground, or the

3. 4. 5.

6.

sea. Clean energies include:

Solar power Wind power Wave power

Salinity gradient power Tidal power Geothermal power

7. Solar power describes a number of methods of harnessing energy from the light

of the Sun.

8. The world seems increasingly divided into those who favor genetically modified

(GM) foods and those who fear them.

9. computer makers are pushing the limits of weight and power. 10. Meanwhile, labs are testing new battery technologies.

11. One of the most promising new technologies to help achieve that goal is a new breed of low-powered microprocessors that can vary the speeds at which they operate.

12. South Korean scientists clone first dog

13. South Korea's pioneering stem cell scientist has cloned a dog

14. Snuppy, the first cloned dog, appears with the three-year old male Afghan hound

whose cells were used to clone him.

15. Researchers have since cloned cats, goats, cows, mice, pigs, rabbits, horses, deer,

mules and gaur,

16. Researchers determined that the specimens are around 195,000 years old. 17. Many large cities are anything but beautiful.

18. If people want to solve the problem of waste, there is no time to be lost.

19. They must work out ways of making use of good things which are just thrown

away as waste.

20. When a car gets too old, it may not run any more. But the metal that the car was

made of is still good. It can be put to use again.

21. When a bottle is empty, it goes out in the trash. But bottle glass can be ground

into sand and used to pave streets.

22. Garbage from food can be changed into fertilizer. But first you have to fish out all the glass and metal.

23. Garbage can also be a good source for making building blocks, which are then

covered with concrete. 24. Now, more and more machines are designed for this purpose.

25. Some day, people will watch films in a magnificent cinema which has been built

out of garbage.

26. Future buildings, roads, and cities maybe made from garbage.

27. But so far, building beautiful cities out of garbage is only a dream.

28. A UFO is the reported sighting of an object or light seen in the sky or on land 29. UFOs (sometimes called flying saucers) became widely discussed only after the

first widely publicized U.S. sighting in 1947

30. At least 90 percent of UFO sightings can be identified as conventional objects,

although time-consuming investigations are often necessary for such identification.

31. Some persons nevertheless believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial spacecraft

32. UFO enthusiasts persist, however, and some persons even claim to have been

abducted and taken aboard UFOs

33. A very important world problem is the rapidly increasing pressure of population

on the land. 34. This enormous increase of population will create immense problems.

35. By AD. 2020, unless something terrible happens, there will be as many as

7000000000 people on the surface of the earth! So this is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime.

36. However, such vehicles could be some 25 years from appearing on the market. 37. Efforts to build flying vehicles in the past have not been very successful. 38. Temperatures in some parts of the country have eased a bit over the weekend. 39. The air-conditioner has established itself well in the hearts of Americans

40. The first widespread use of air-conditioners came during the 1920 when movie theaters used what they called man-made weather to lure customers to the silver scream.

41. Many Americans are observing the fifth anniversary of one of the nation's worst

natural disasters

42. Death and destruction from the hurricane and its effects extended along the Gulf

Coast.

43. Severe ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late

summer or early autumn near the equator.

44. Ocean storms develop when the air temperature in one area is different from the

temperature nearby. 45. The strongest, fastest winds of a hurricane blow in the area known as the

eyewall. It surrounds the center, or eye, of the storm.

46. Weather scientists use computer programs to create models that show where a storm might go.

47. Doctors in hospital emergency rooms often see accidental poisonings.

48. If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in case of

emergency.

49. However, human activities are threatening the world's coral reefs.

50. The researchers say the United States represents more than fifty percent of the trade in coral and reef fish

51. Few creatures on earth are as good as sharks at finding their dinners.

52. People often say that a shark follows its nose to its meals. Now, scientists have

learned more about how those noses work to help the much-feared fish direct its movements.

53. Extremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world.

54. Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot, it can cause serious

medical problems, even death.

55. The most common health problem linked to hot weather is heat stress.

56. Weather scientists use computer programs to create models that show where a storm might go.

57. A new report says the Arctic is experiencing some of the most severe climate

change on Earth.

58. Chicken eggs are used in the process to make flu vaccine. 59. A study suggests that dirty air can reduce lung development.

60. The scientists found that children who lived in areas with the dirtiest air were five

times more likely to grow up with weak lungs.

61. The damage from dirty air was as bad as that found in children with parents who

smoke.

62. Americans are expected in January to get new advice from the government about

what to eat and what to avoid.

63. The researchers say diet drinks and unsweetened fruit juice did not appear to

cause an increased risk of diabetes.

64. Doctor Stampfer says it is easier to gain weight from calories in drinks than in

foods.

65. In real life, scientists have learned something new about this creature which first

appeared on Earth about seventy-five million years ago. Dinosaur

66. An arboretum is a place where trees and plants are grown for scientific and

educational purposes. 67. The goal of the Arboretum is to carry out studies and provide education in an

effort to improve the environment.

68. The World Health Organization says iron deficiency is the most common nutritional disorder in the world.

69. Health experts say iron deficiency is the most common preventable nutritional

problems.

70. Iron is stored in bone marrow and two organs -- the spleen and liver.

71. The World Health Organization estimates that each year almost five million

people worldwide die from the effects of smoking. 72. Smoking causes or increases the risk of many diseases. These include cancer and

heart disease.

73. A small, new study has found that sudden emotional stress can cause heart failure

in mostly healthy older women.

74. Scientists have discovered fourteen kinds of vitamins. They are known as

vitamins A, the B group, C, D, E and K.

75. Computer industry experts say wi-fi is the fastest growing part of the computer

industry. 1．传统意义上，北美国际汽车展已经成为汽车工业最新产品的奢华揭幕。 2． 一项新的提高农作物产量的国际行动可以提高南亚六百万农民的收入，帮助这个世界上最贫困的地区之一的人民抵抗饥饿。

3．美国宇航局正在庆祝阿波罗8号成功执行太空任务的第四十个周年纪念日。 4． 对于美国宇航局来说，2008年将因他们执行了太空任务，在火星上有新发现，在太阳系内及其之外发现了新的秘密而被载入史册。

5． 三条主要的从意大利到北美的互联网电缆因本年度第二次这样的事故受到无法想象的严重破坏，致使埃及和几个其他的阿拉伯国家陷入通讯危机。 6． 清洁能源指的是那些不污染空气、陆地和海洋的能源，包括：太阳能、风能、

波浪能、盐度差能、潮汐能、地热能。

7．太阳能可以称做是利用太阳光能量的一系列方法。

8．人们对基因改造食物的态度，似乎愈来愈壁垒分明，一边的人支持，另一边的人则是畏惧。

9．电脑制造者正在突破电脑重量和能力的极限。 10． 与此同时，实验室正在试验新的电池技术。

11．有助于达到这一目标的最有希望的新技术之一就是制造新型的低功率微处理器，该处理器在运行中可以改变速度。 12南韩科学家克隆了第一条狗。

13韩国倡导干细胞研究的科学家们成功克隆了一只狗。

14 第一条克隆狗，Snuppy，和那只给它提供干细胞的三岁阿富汗母猎犬一起出现。

15此后研究人员还克隆了猫、山羊、牛、老鼠、猪、兔子、马、鹿、骡及白肢野牛。

16 研究者认为现代人的历史可以追溯到19.5万年以前。 17 现在许多大城市肮脏得不堪入目。 18如果人们想解决废物问题，已经是时候了。 19 他们必须研究出一些垃级再利用的方法。

20如不能再行驶的旧汽车，车上的金属还是好的，这些金属可以重新利用。 21还有废弃在垃圾里的空瓶子，玻璃瓶可以被磨成沙用来铺路。 22食物垃圾可以变成肥料，但首先你得检出所有的玻璃和金属。 23垃圾也是制造带有混凝土外壳的建筑块的好原材料， 24现在，越来越多的机器为此意图而设计。

25将来某一天，人们有可能在用垃圾制成的宏伟的电影院里看电影。 26将来的建筑物、公路和城市都可能用垃圾制成。

27但到目前为止，用废物建造美丽的城市还只是一个梦想。

28根据报道，不明飞翔物是指在天空中或陆地上看到的不明物品或光亮。 29．自从美国1947年公开宣传以来，不明飞翔物已受到广大民众的议论。、 30．至少90%的不明飞翔物可以被确认为是普通的物品，尽管还需要耗时间来调查确认。

31．然而有的人认为不明飞翔物是外星人的宇宙飞船。

32．然而不明飞翔物热衷者坚持，甚至有些人还声称曾被绑架且带上不明飞翔物。 33当前地球上的人口迅速增长的压力是一个非常重要的全球性问题 34．人口的迅猛增长将会带来很大懂得问题。

35． 到2020年，除非有什么可怕的灾难发生。地球表面的人口将高达70亿，这是一个我们在有生之年内要面对的问题。

36 然而，这样的交通工具可能需要25年左右的时间才能投放市场。 37 人类在过去制造飞车的努力一直都不是很成功。 38． 这个国家部分地区的气温在周末后已经有所缓和。 39， 空调已经在美国人的心中站稳了脚跟。

40．最初大规模使用空调是在1920年，那时电影院用这个被他们称为人工气候的东西把人们吸引到银屏面前来。

41很多美国人在评论这个国内最具破坏力的自然灾害之一的五周年纪念日。 42这场飓风带来的死亡和破坏极其影响波及了整个佛罗里达湾海岸 43 地球北面的剧烈海洋风暴通常是在暮夏初秋之际在赤道附近形成。 44．当一个地区的气温与附近地区存在温差时，就会形成海洋风暴。

45．飓风袭击某地区时，风速最强烈、最快的地方称为飓风眼，它围绕着风暴的中心，或眼。

46．气象科学家利用计算机程序给人们模拟风暴会向什么发展。 47．医院急救室里的医生经常能见到意外中毒的病人。

48， 假如你懂急救的方法，遇到紧急情况时，你会更冷静，而不会手足无措。 49． 然而人类的活动已经威胁到了珊瑚礁的存在。 50．研究者表明美国占据了超过50%的珊瑚鱼交易。

51．地球上极少有生物能象鲨鱼那样如此擅长于寻找食物。

52．人们常说鲨鱼是靠嗅觉来寻找食物的。现在，科学家已经就嗅觉如何帮助这个令人恐惧的生物指引方向做出了更多的研究。

53．极度酷热的气候在世界很多地方是很普遍的。

54．尽管炎热的气候仅仅只是让很多人感觉到热，但它还会引发严重的疾病，甚至死亡。 55．炎热的气候引发的最常见的疾病是热应力。

56．气象专家用计算机制造一个模拟程序告诉人们暴风雨会朝哪个方向发展。 57．一项最新的报告声称北极正经历着地球上最严峻的气候变化。 58．鸡蛋被用来制作流感疫苗。

59．一项研究表明肮脏的空气会阻碍肺的正常发育。

60．科学家发现居住在空气最肮脏区域的儿童得肺病的几率是其他地区儿童的五倍以上。 61．肮脏的空气对儿童的损伤有同于父母吸烟对他们带来的危害。 62．一月份时，美国政府希望民众对听从新的食品选择建议。 63．研究者说节食饮料和无糖果汁不会增加患糖尿病的几率。

64．Stampfer博士指出饮料中的卡路里比食物里的更容易让人发胖。

65．在现实生活中，科学家们已经对恐龙，这个7亿5千万年前就出现在地球上的生物有了新的了解。

66．园内种植的树木和植物供科学研究和教育展示使用的称为科学研究植物园。

67．科学研究植物园旨在实行研究任务和提供努力改善环境的教育。 68．世界卫生组织声称缺铁性贫血是世界上最常见的营养不良现象。

69．营养专家称缺铁性贫血是最普遍最容易预防的营养问题。 70．人体内的铁储藏在骨髓和脾、肝脏这两个器官中。

71．世界卫生组织估计全球范围内每年约有五百万人死于香烟。 72．香烟引发或增加患许多疾病的风险，包括癌症和心脏病。

73．一项很小的、新的研究表明突然的情感压力导致健康的老年妇女来心力衰竭。

74．科学家们已经发现了14种维生素，他们是维生素A、B族维生素、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E和维生素K。

75．计算机工业专家称无线保真技术是计算机工业中发展最快的部分。 1． Electric power become the servant of man only after the motor was invented.

只是在电动机发明之后，电力才开始造福人类。

2． 2． Alloys belong to a half-way house between mixture and compounds.

合金是介于混合物和化合物的中间物质。

3． 3． No reproduction is granted by implication or otherwise of this information.

本资料不得私下或公开翻印。

4． 4． If no value in whole number results, it is rounded up or down according to the figures after

the decimal point.

如果计算结果不是整数值的话，根据小数点后的数进行四舍五入。 5． 5． Stainless steels possess good hardness and high strength.

不锈钢硬度大、强度高。

6． 6． In conclusion and convection, energy transfer through a material medium is involved.

在传导和对流时，能量通过某种物质媒介传递。 7． 7． The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by means of a generator

or dynamo.

用发电机能把机械能转变成电能。 8． 8． Thus the number of ions builds up very rapidly and a disruptive discharge, or spark, occurs.

这样，离子数目便迅速增加，发生“击穿放电”，也就是发生电火花。

9． 9． More than 100 chemical elements are known to man; of these, about 80 are metals.

人类已知的化学元素在100种以上，其中约有80种是金属。 10. These elements seem to be working well under high voltage. 这些元件在高电压下似乎性能良好。

11. From the moon light takes little more than a second and a quarter in reaching us, so that we obtain sufficiently early information of the condition of our satellite.

光从月球到达地球的时间略多于1.25秒，因此，我们能很快得到关于月球状况的信息。 12. Farm tractors are big users of diesel power. 农用拖拉机是柴油消耗大户。

13. The square on the longest side of any rightangled triangle is equal to the squares on the other sides added together.

任一直角三角形斜边的平方都等于另两条直角边的平房和。

14. A burglar alarm is a device for giving warning that thieves are trying to enter a building. 防盗警报器是一种可对小偷试图行窃发出警报的装置。

15. For generations coal and oil have been regarded as the chief energy sources used to transport men from place to place.

多年来，煤和石油一直被认为是交通运输的主要能源。

16. Semiconductor devices have no filament or heaters and therefore require no heating power or warmed-up time.

半导体器件没有灯丝或加热器件，因此不需要电加热或加热时间。 17. You have to change the gear manually in this car; it is not automatic. 这辆车必须手动换挡，它不是自动变速的。

18. Many people would rather have gas to knock them out before they have their teeth out. 许多人在拔牙之前喜欢用气体麻醉剂麻醉。

19. It was Newton who proved mathematically that the path of a planet must be an ellipse.

正是牛顿用数学方法证明了行星的轨道是椭圆形的。

20. Butterflies have thin antennae (or “feelers”) with tips like little knobs, while months have feathery or threadlike antennae.

蝴蝶的触角（或感觉器）细，触角的顶端有个小球，而蛾的触角呈羽状， 或长得像线一样。

21. Modern theories of the development of stars suggest that almost every star has some sort of family of planets.

现代有关恒星演变的理论认为，几乎每一颗恒星都有某种行星家族。

22. Acupuncture is the placing of hair-thin needles into the skins at special points of the body to ease pain and treat ailments.

所谓针刺疗法就是把头发般细的针刺入身体特定部位的皮肤，以达到阵痛和治疗疾病的效果。

23. The eye is actually about the size of a table-tennis ball. Much of it lies within the skull. The front portion of the eye is made up of three parts----the cornea, the iris and the pupil. It is protected by the eyelid and eyelashes.

实际上，眼球和一个乒乓球大小差不多，其大部分位于颅骨内。前面的部分由角膜、虹膜和瞳孔三部分组成，受到眼睑和睫毛的保护。

24. The global satellite phone service has opened for business, giving people the power to make and receive call anywhere from Mount Qomolangma to the Dead Sea. 全球卫星电话业务已开通，从珠穆朗玛峰到死海的任何地方，人们都可以打电话和接电话。

25. Cloning techniques vary from simple plant cuttings to the replication of adult mammals from their genetic material.

从简单的植物插条到用遗传材料复制成哺乳动物，克隆技术各不相同。 26. Edison tried a thousand different filaments before he found one that he could use.

爱迪生试验了上千种不同的灯丝，才找到适用的一种。

27．The intensity of light is directly proportional to the candle power of its source. 光的强度与光源的烛光成正比。

28. They were one-cylinder or two-cylinder engines, of which some were make-and-break and others jump-spark.

这些发动机有单杠的，双杠的，有的是柴油机，有的是汽油机。

29. The several changes which nectar undergoes in becoming honey begin in the honey crop. 花蜜在变成蜂蜜的过程中所经历的集中变化开始于蜜蜂的蜜襄。

30. A laser is a device for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

激光器是一种光受激辐射的放大器。

31. A visicorder is provided to record current and voltage waveforms.

可显示记录器用来记录电流和电压波形。

32. Carbon dioxide does not burn or support combustion.

二氧化碳不自燃，也不助燃。

33. This canal is filled with a liquid, similar in comparison to lymph.

此管充满了成分与淋巴液相似的液体。

34. Extract is clay treated and rerun with pure benzene as an overhead product.

提出物用白土处理，再蒸馏，得纯苯作为塔顶产物。

35．Inorganic chemistry is linked closely to geology, mineralogy and metallurgy; organic chemistry to physiology, biochemistry, and biology in general.

无机化学与地质学、矿物学和冶金学有密切的关系，而有机化学则与生理学、生物化学以及整个生物学都有密切的关系。

35. There have been opened up to the vast and excellent science, in which my work is the beginning, ways, by which other minds more acute than mine, will explore its remote corner.

通往科学这个无比美好的广阔领域的道路已经展现在人们眼前。我的研究只是一个开端。那些思想比我敏锐的人，将凭借这些已展现的道路去探索科学的边缘地带。

36. Knowledge , in any art or science, being always the fruit of observation, study, or practice, gives, in proportion to its extent and usefulness, the possessor a just claim to respect.

在任何艺术和科学中，由于知识总是观察研究或是实践的成果，知识所有者应受到尊敬，

所受尊敬的程度，则同其知识的广度和深度以及其实际应用价值成正比。 37．Lines of magnetic force never touch or come across each other. 磁力线从不相碰或相交。

38. Thus, it would be correct to say that the distance to the sun, from where we are on the earth, is about 1 million walking days.

因此，这种说法是正确的：从地球上你所在的地方到太阳这段距离，步行需100万天。 39. Power can be converted from mechanical form to electrical form and back again to mechanical form with almost 100 percent efficiency.

动力能以几乎百分之百的效率由机械形式转为电的形式，并可重新转为机型形式。 40. Ions, produced by dissociation of molecules, drift through the solution when a potential difference is maintained.

由分子电离而产生的离子，当有电势差存在时，便在溶液中流动。 41. Metal can bear beating with a hammer, which a stone can’t. 金属能经得起锤子的敲打，但石头却不行。

42. We regret to inform you that there is a shortweight of 4.5M/T only. Therefore, we lodge a claim against you for shortweight of 4.5M/T. 我们遗憾地通知你们，（货物）短缺4.5公吨整，因此，我们就此短缺4.5公吨一事提出索赔。

43. The ozon layer which surrounds the earth performs an important function: it shields the planet from strong ultraviolet radiation.

地球上空的臭氧层起着使地球免受强烈紫外线辐射的重要作用。

44. A computer can be made to do all the problems that its human operator could do if he had unlimited time to make his computations. The machine, however, will let you have the answer much faster.

计算机能解出的题目，操作人员如不受时间限制进行计算，也都能够解出。但是，计算机使你得到答案要快得多。

45. Gathering facts, confirming them, suggesting theories, testing them, and organizing findings----this is all the work of science. 收集资料并加以论证，提出理论并加以检验，以及归纳整理研究成果---这就是科学工作的全部内容。

46. Microwaves, which have a higher frequency than ordinary radio waves, are used routinely in sending thousands of telephone calls and television programs across long distances. 微波由于比一般无线电波的频率高，因此，通常用于发送成千上万的电话信号和长距离电视节目。

47. Another solar electric technology is photovoltaics. It uses silicon or other semiconductors to convert the sun’s rays directly into electricity. 另一种太阳能发电技术是光电技术。这种技术使用硅或其他半导体将太阳光直接转化成电能。

48. Scientists have already known that under the extreme temperatures, say -260°C, metal presents zero resistance, that is, superconductivity of metal.

科学家们已经了解到， 在极端温度下，比如-260°C，金属呈零电阻，也就是说，金属具有超导性。

49. Office automation applications include word processing, data entry, electronic mail, image processing, voice processing, and office information systems.

办公自动化应用包括文字处理、数据输入、电子邮件、图像处理、语音处理以及各种办公信息系统。

50. Superior to the existing telephone, the videophone, or laser phone, can transmit voice and image simultaneously along its telephone line which is made of optic-fiber. 电视电话和激光电话优于现有的电话，可以沿着用光纤组成的电话线同时传播声音和图像。

51. AIDS, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, is usually a fatal disease which leaves the body unable to ward off infection.

艾滋病即获得性免疫缺陷综合症，是一种导致肌体免疫力低下而无法抗御感染的致命疾病。

52. It is quite possible that failure to eat enough to maintain optimum vitamin levels can cause behavioral and personality changes. These may include insomnia, loss of appetite, and irritability. 倘若摄入的食量不足以维持适度的维生素水平，就可能导致行为和性格的改变，这些变化包括失眠、食欲不振、烦躁不安等。

53. Proteins consist of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus. During digestion proteins are broken down to their simplest form, that is, amino acids, and it is as amino acids that they are absorbed. 蛋白质是由碳、氢、氧、氮和磷组成的。在消化过程中，蛋白质被分解为最简单的形式，即氨基酸。而且蛋白质是以氨基酸的形式被吸收的。

54. Within 30 to 40 years, two-hour commercial flights will link New York and Tokyo, with planes that “see” through fog, snow and dust. 在30-40年内，能够“看”透雾、雪和尘埃的飞机从纽约到东京的商业飞行只需两个小时。 55. NASA figures that the earliest anyone could go to Mars is 2012 if sufficient government funding is given, which is unlikely at present.

美国国家航空和航天局估计，如果政府提供足够的资金，人类最早登上火星的时间是2012年，但这笔资金现在还没有着落。

56. A relatively powerful notebook computer, with a 166-Mhz Pentium-class processor, 16 megabytes of RAM, a 2-gigabyte hard drive, a CD-ROM drive, and a 12-inch screen, is now about US $ 1,600.

一个功能相对强大的笔记本电脑目前售价约为1，600美元，它有16兆内存，166兆赫的奔腾中央处理器，2G（千兆比特）的硬盘，一个光驱，和一个12英寸的显示器。 57. Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves.

电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图像。

58．The direction of motion can be changed by the action of another force on a body.

在物体上作用另一个力，可以改变物体的运动方向。

59. The propagation of such microwaves will be explained in terms of equations.

这种微波的传播原理要用方程来解释。 60．This tendency of charged objects to become neutralized results in a certain force which acts on the electrons by either attracting them towards or repelling them away from the charged objects.

带电体要变成中性的这种倾向，通过吸引电子或排斥电子，对电子产生一定的作用力。 61．The velocity of gas passing over the object to be cooled determines the rate of heart transferred to the objects.

气体通过被冷却物体的速度决定热传递的速度。

62．The automatic production line is found in proper operation.

自动生产线工作正常。 63．Since numerical control was adopted at machine tools, the productivity has been raised greatly.

自从采用数控以来，生产率大大提高了。

64．It is a space rock captured and now held in orbit by the gravity force of Mars.

它只是星际空间的一块岩体，受火星引力作用而被吸引住，并沿着轨道环绕火星运动。 65．After some underground nuclear tests, large numbers of tiny aftershocks are recorded during the next few weeks.

在进行某些地下核试验以后的几周后， 可以记录到大量微弱的余震。

66. In place of these fuels, more sun and wind power should be used to provide electricity, heat and transportation.

为了取代那些燃料，应较多地利用太阳能与风能来提供电力、热能和运输的动力。 67. The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator.

利用发电机，能够将机械能再转变成电能。

68．The results obtained suggest that most isotopes produced artificially are radioactive.

实验结果表明多数人工制造的同位素都具有放射性。

69. Calories are known to be a measure of the heat energy of food given to the body.

我们知道，卡路里是指食物供给身体的热量的单位。

70．Weak magnetic fields are known to come from the human body.

大家知道，人体能产生微弱的磁场。

71．The theoretical prediction was compared to the results from the simulated tests and was found to be applicable to power system.

我们将理论设想与模拟实验结果进行比较，发现该理论设想完全可以应用于电力系统。 72. What particularly interested Stephen was singularities, strange beasts predicted by general relativity.

使斯蒂芬特别感兴趣的是奇点。这是广义相对论所预言的一种怪物。

73. The 1960s saw the great advance in electronics industry with the emergence of the large-scale integrated circuits.

随着大规模集成电路的出现，电子工业在60年代取得了巨大的进展。

74. Animals that hibernate practice energy conservation to a greater extent than those that do not. 冬眠动物保存能量的习性胜过不冬眠的动物。

75. The very number of the constituent particles makes their motion appear to be somewhat random.

由于粒子的数目众多，其运动就显得杂乱无章。

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