company ownership and structure

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Unit 2 company ownership and structure Have

some basic knowledge of business ownership and structure describe your job and responsibilities inquire information related to jobs Express attitude towards jobs.

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Forms of business Scale

(number of employees, value) Industry (finance, manufacture, service…) Ownership Sole Proprietorships Partnerships Corporations Limited Liability companies Joint Venture Franchises

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Sole Proprietorship 个人企业 An

organization that is owned, and usually managed, by one person is called a Sole Proprietorship. 个人企业即独资经营企业，是由 一名出资者单独出资并从事经营 管理的企业。

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Sole Proprietorship Advantages Can

Disadvantages

make decisions quickly Keeps all the rewards Easy to set up Privacy of business affairs

Limited sources of finance (e. g. own funds) Unlimited liability, i.e. can lose personal assets Often has limited managerial skills No one to share workload and ideas with

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Partnerships A

partnership is a legal relationship between two persons carrying on a profit-motivated business. 合伙企业是由两人以上组成，在合伙人 之间订立合伙协议，共同出资、合伙经 营、共享收益、共担风险，并对合伙企 业债务承担无限连带责任的营利性组织。

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Three key elements of partnership: Common ownership Shared profits and losses The right to participate in managing the operations of the business

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

partnershipAdvantages Share resources / ideas Can cover for each other More sources of finance than sole trader Partners can specialize

Disadvantages Usually unlimited liability Limited sources of finance Profits must be shared between partners Slower decision making than sole trader

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Corporations 公司 The

corporation is a legal entity(法人实 体), allowed by legislation, which permits a group of people, as shareholders (forprofit companies) or members (non-profit companies), to create an organization, which can then focus on pursuing set objectives, and empowered(授权与) with legal rights which are usually only reserved for individuals, such as to sue and be sued, own property, hire employees or loan and borrow money.

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

公司是依公司法的规定设 立的法人组织，具有独立 的法人资格，有权以自己 的名义拥有财产、享有权 利和承担义务。

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

CorporationsAdvantages Limited liability of owners Skilled management team Transfer of ownership Greater capital base Stability

Disadvantages Multiple taxation Difficulty and expense of starting Government involvement Lack of secrecy Lack of personal interest Credit limitations

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Limited Liability Companies 有限责任公司 A

Limited liability Company is a type of business ownership combining several features of corporation a

nd partnership structures. 有限责任公司是新型的企业组织，它集合了 公司的一些特征和合伙企业的组织结构，股 东以其出资额为限对公司承担责任，公司以 其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任。

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Limited liability Companies Advantages Limited

Disadvantages Limited

liability Flexible profit distribution No minutes Flow through taxation

life Going public (上市) Added complexity

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Joint Venture 合资企业 A

joint venture is the pooling of resources and expertise by two or more businesses, typically from different areas or countries to achieve a particular goal. The risks and rewards of the enterprise are also shared. 合资企业是只有两个或两个以上属于不同国 家(或地区)的公司、企业或其他经济组织 以合资方式组成的经济实体。

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

东风日产案例

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Advantages Access

to new markets and distribution networks Increased capacity The sharing of risks with a partner Access to specialized staff and technology

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Disadvantages Unclear

objectives and not enough communication An imbalance in levels of expertise, investment or assets by the different partners Different cultures and management styles result in poor integration and co-operation between the partners Not sufficient leadership and support in the early stages.

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Franchises A

franchise is the right to use a business name and sell products or services, usually in a specific geographical territory. 特许经营是指特许者将自己所拥有的商标、 商号、产品、专利和专有技术、经营模式等 以特许经营合同的形式授予被特许者使用； 被特许者按合同规定在特许者同意的业务模 式下从事经营活动，并向特许者支付相应费 用。由于特许企业的存在形式具有连锁经营、 统一形象、统一管理等基本特征，因此也称

商务英语 business English 企业所有形式ownership 公司管理结构company structure

Advantages Existing,

established product; already known, therefore, cheaper market research and promotional costs May receive help and training from franchisor Can share marketing costs, research findings, new product development cost Lower set up cost

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