何凯文每日一句7.29-9.16

何凯文每日一句 7.29-9.16

从长沙到南昌，高铁的阅读时光能让自己看到好多不错的内容，这个月的经济学人商论中有一篇专门介绍硅谷人物的文章，很精彩！

silicon valley一个充满着魔幻色彩的名字，全球创新的引擎，一个让一切变为可能的地方；真是一个个人让硅谷的神话变为了鲜活的事实。今天给大家介绍四个人的事迹，这是可以到写作中的的，我推崇的Elon Musk也在其中，我会在冲刺的时候给大家撰写他的专属句子。 记住：今天的句子是写作可以用的句子，所以不要说难度不够，这是写作的句子！！！！

1.Steve Jobs, the late headof Apple, took on music labels, redefined computing with the iPod and iPhone,and helped change the look of animated films through Pixar.

解析：三个动词的并列：1.tookon music labels 挑战过唱片公司 2.redefined computingwith the iPod and iPhone 3.helped change the lookof animated films

苹果公司已故CEO史蒂夫?乔布斯用iPod和挑战过唱片公司，以iPhone重新定义了计算机行业，（这样翻译不是通过语法来的，而是通过常识来的，你们翻得不一样没什么）还通过皮克斯（Pixar）促成了动画电影业的变革。

2.Peter Thiel, alibertarian venture capitalist and a founder of PayPal, wants to set up afloating island that can incubate newsocial policies.

解析：1.incubate培育，孵化

2.a libertarian venture capitalist 自由主义的风险投资家

自由主义风险资本家、PayPal的创始人之一彼得?泰尔（PeterThiel）希望建立一个人工浮岛来培育新的社会政策。

3. Jeff Bezos, the founderof Amazon, is spending millions to commercialise human space travel and build aclock that can last for 10,000 years.

亚马逊的创始人杰夫?贝索斯（JeffBezos）花费巨资推动人类太空旅行的商业化，还投资建造可在今后一万年里精准报时的时钟。

4.More than perhaps anyonesince Mr Jobs, Mr Musk has assumed legendary status in the Valley. He is only44, but has already played a role in disrupting internet, finance, car, spaceand energy businesses. He is best known for making a fortune at PayPal, anonline-payments company, and using the proceeds to fund two of this era’s mostinteresting technology companies: Tesla, which makes electric cars andbatteries, and SpaceX, a rocket company. 解析：proceeds：收入，收益 make a fortune 赚钱 fund 投资

马斯克也许是继乔布斯之后硅谷最具传奇地位之人。年仅44岁的他已涉足颠覆互联网、金融、汽车、太空及能源产业。他最为人熟知的是通过网上支付公司PayPal大赚一笔，再把收益投资到这个时代最有趣的两家科技公司上：制造电动汽车及电池的特斯拉和火箭公司SpaceX。

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暑期已经过了一半了，各地的课程也陆续开始和结束了；英语备考是懂不懂，会不会到熟不熟，翻译这个部分需要大家动笔写哦！ 已经上了翻译课的同学来留个评论哦！

Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on \主干识别：Time was when?主系表结构

其他成分：biologists somewhat over worded the evidence 表语从句

that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, evidence的同位语从句之一

or that they prey only on \evidence的同位语从句之二 翻译点拨：词汇点拨： Game 猎物 Preserve保持

the physically weak 体弱者 prey 猎杀

somewhat或多或少

over worded 过多的提及（滥用） 成分的点拨：

Time was when= there was time when… 曾经有段时间， 同位语从句的处理： ：或者“即，”“也就是说?” 成分的处理：

biologists somewhat over worded the evidence

生物学家或多或少滥用了一种证据，

that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak,

即这些生物通过杀死体弱者来保持种群的健康， or that they prey only on \或者说它们仅仅捕食没有价值的物种。

参考译文：曾经有段时间，生物学家或多或少滥用了一种证据，即这些生物通过杀死体弱者来保持猎物种群的健康，或者说它们仅仅仅捕食没有价值的物种。

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有同学问我：老师你遇到困难的时候害怕过吗？

“当然害怕过。遇到困难谁都可能害怕，但我们得勇敢一些：勇敢不是不害怕，而是害怕的时候还去坚持做！”

很多同学都已经上了暑期的课程了，每个同学情况不一样，吸收的情况也不一样。有人做题正确率有了很大的提升；有人依然错很多，甚至错到自己都不敢面对?这些都很正常，不要轻易的骄傲或沮丧，我们还有足够的时间和空间去完成知识的最后巩固积累，只要我们不放弃，尤其是阅读，回去一定好好的复习笔记，结合我上课的讲解：定位，替换，排除！ 记住一定要坚持三天都认真听完，定有奇效！

努力地适应出题人的思路，无数的事实证明，坚持到最后的同学真的都实现了阅读的突破，并且这种突破不是建立在猜测上的假象，而是努力后的顿悟！ 过几天我会给大家录制阅读需要背诵篇章的语音。 经典的句子是值得重复的！

Pearson has pieced togetherthe work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a uniquemillennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expecthundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.

主干识别：Pearsonhas pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world. 其他成分：toproduce a unique millennium technology calendar 状语 that gives the latest dates状语中名词calendar的定语从句

when we can expect hundredsof key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.前面定语中latestdates 的定语从句 翻译点拨：词汇的处理： Pearson 皮尔森(人名音译) pieced together 汇集；综合

around the world 世界各地，全世界 produce 编制

a unique millenniumtechnology calendar 一个独特的技术千年历 the latest dates 最近日期

key breakthroughs 重大突破，关键性突破

定语从句的处理：可以后置单独成句，也可以翻译为前置定语；

a unique millenniumtechnology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds ofkey breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. 编制了一个独特的千年技术日历，这个日历给出了我们有望看到的数百个重大突破和发现能发生的最近日期。

参考译文：皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的技术千年历，编制了一个独特的千年技术日历，这个日历给出了我们有望看到的数百个重大突破和发现能发生的最近日期。

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2016考研英语阅读写作双预测！

什么都不用解释！这样的好文章太难找了！最新的经济学人杂志，看了二十多篇文章终于找到了这样的一篇！阅读来讲，就业率是热点话题！写作方面：无论是英语一还是英语二的同学都可以学习的写作思路，尤其是英语二的同学好好看看！ 第一段：描述欧洲遇到的问题（长期失业率的上升）； 第二段：解释失业率上升的原因；

第三段：失业率会导致的其他问题，以及如何解决这样的问题。 （再次感谢你们支持哦！你的支持我的动力啊！）

THE LATEST euro-area unemploymentfigures, released on July 31st, make for mildly happy reading. They show theoverall unemployment rate has crept down to 11.1% from its peak of 12.1% inApril 2013. Despite the good news, another problem in the form of long-termunemployment (generally defined as being out of work for over 12 months) hasemerged in the nineteen-member currency union.

Sowhy is it so tough for Europeans to get back to work? Part of the reason liesin labour mobility. Another factor in the divergent long-term unemploymentrates is a higher job turnover in America than in Europe. But all this bodesill for single currency.

Other difficulties arise too. Fertility rates,already falling in Europe, tend to drop off and life expectancy can decline whenjoblessness rates are high. The problem is not universal though. Denmark andGermany have kept both long-term and overall unemployment low through jobtraining programmes, flexible labour laws and education. Southern Europeancountries, where the problem is worst, should look north for inspiration. 难点解析：1.thenineteen-member currency union.=欧盟 2.higherjob turnover = 工作转换率 3.bodeill/well :预兆不好/好

例句：The bad trading figures do notbode well for the company’s future. 交易数额欠佳，预示公司前景不妙。 4. Fertilityrates 生育率

5.thesouth should look north for inspiration(动力). 6. Otherdifficulties arise too.其他问题也出现了。

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昨天的文章中有一个用法：

The figures make for mildly happy reading. 数据看起来还比较乐观。

同样类似的考点在2008年中出现过： The report makes heavy reading.

报告读起来不轻松。

今天讲一道真题，来自于2002年的考研真题，提醒大家一句：细节题也需要主题为王！ （再次感谢所有在微信上为我点击推广的同学！）

Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil

consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25~0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies — to which heavy industry has shifted — have become more energy-

intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.

53. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ________. [A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive

[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices [C] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed [D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

发达国家对石油的依赖性也不如从前，因此对油价的波动也就不会那么敏感。能源储备、燃料替代以及能源密集型重工业的重要性的降低，

都减少了石油消耗量。软件、咨询及移动通讯消耗的石油，比钢铁、汽车行业少得多。发达国家国民生产总值中每一个美元所消耗的石油量

比1973年少了近一半。国际经合组织在最近一期的《经济展望》中估计，如果油价持续一年维持在22美元左右，与1998年的13美元一桶相比

，这也只会使发达国家的石油进口在支出上增加GDP的0.25％～0.5％。这还不到1974年或1980年收入减少部分的1/4。另一方面，进口石油的

新兴国家由于转向了重工业，消耗能量更大，因此可能会受到石油危机的强烈影响。 53. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ________. [A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive

[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices [C] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed [D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP 题型识别：细节题

题干定位：专有名词Economic Outlook定位到原文中第四段。

The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,

compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25~0.5% of GDP.

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国际经合组织在最近一期的《经济展望》中估计，如果油价持续一年维持在22美元左右，与1998年的13美元一桶相比，这也只会

使发达国家的石油进口在支出上增加GDP的0.25％～0.5％。

思路解析：细节题很多时候是靠对于句子的理解，但是句子也是不能离开主题的，这里需要提醒大家细节和主题的关系：细节是为主题服务

的。这里的段落主题是第一句：Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive

to swings in the oil price.（发达国家对石油的依赖性也不如从前，因此对油价的波动也就不会那么敏感。）

选项分析：[A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive

文章中谈到了heavy industry但是没有谈到其变得更加能源密集。 [B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices

文中谈到了收入的损失但是没有谈及主要由于原油价格的波动，并且这里和主题也相悖，原油价格对于发达国家而言并不是那么 重要了。

[C] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed

制造工业并没有被严重的压榨而是迁到了其他国家。 [D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP

文章中谈到价格的上涨只会使发达国家的石油进口在支出上增加GDP的0.25％～0.5％。说明影响不大。

特别说明：有同学会认为增加这么多也是很大的影响。那么就需要看段落主题了：发达国家不再那么的依赖石油，对于油价的波动也不敏感，而这个段落所应用的数据就是应该为主题服务的。所以这里影响不大是正确的。

记住：细节是为主题服务的。抓细节的时候也要注意抓主题！

评论有段时间没有过千了，让我看到你们吧！

It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful, provocative magazine cover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing much chatter – nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience.

词汇突破：1. Provocative 有争议性的，煽动性的； 2. chatter 讨论，唠叨

the chattering classes 喋喋阶级(贬)喋喋阶级（受过教育的人士，尤指学术界、艺术界或媒体人士，习惯于发表有关社会和文化的自由主义见解） 3. life-enriching 丰富人生的 4. fulfilling 满足的

5. anything less than 绝不是

句子解析： 1. It’s no surprise that 毫无疑问 2. Story is arousing much chatter

3. nothing gets people talking like the suggestion Nothing…like….

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最高级：the suggestion gets people talking：这样的说法是最能引起人们的谈兴的。 4. that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. 养孩子绝不是一种能令人满足和丰富人生的经验。 （解析：同样的道理说：“养孩子是一种能令人满足和丰富人生的经验。”也能引起人们的谈兴，所以其实这里正反的翻译都是符合语境的。） 参考译文：毫无疑问， Jennifer Senior发表的一篇有见地的而且是有争议性的杂志封面文章： “我爱我的孩子，我恨我的生活”一定会引起人们的热烈讨论：“养孩子绝不是一种能令人满足和丰富人生的经验。”这样的说法是最能引起人们谈兴的。

The very things that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.

“人们声称的最美好的岁月其实都是最痛苦的，只是事后回忆起来的时候才那么幸福。” 这是今天北京的天空，好好努力为了明年更美丽的天空！

刚下课，刚回到宾馆，发晚了，抱歉！今天的句子是翻译的真题，先动手自己翻译一下！ Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which，in its strongest form，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.

主干识别: Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism

其他成分： which，in its strongest from，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.定语从句

翻译点拨：词汇的处理： 1）a sort of 某种

2) linguistic determinism语言决定论 3) in its strongest form其极端说法是; 4) imprison the mind禁锢思维

5) far-reaching 深远的; 伸得很远的； 主句的处理：

Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism. Whorf逐渐相信了某种语言决定论； 定语从句的处理：

which，in its strongest from，states that language imprisons the mind，and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society in its strongest from其极端的说法 其极端的说法是认为?和认为? 状语的处理：

for the culture of a society 对社会的文化.. 参考译文： Whorf逐渐接受了某种语言决定论；这种观点的极端说法是：语言禁锢了思想，语言的语法模式可以对某种社会文化产生深远的影响

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定位！替换！排除！只要坚持听完我的强化课，认真消化完课程内容的同学，现在阅读都有了极大的提高！记住！只要坚持听完的，必有奇效！一定坚持听完！坚决贯彻！

In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.

69. The sentence \[A] the low inflation rate will last for some time [B] the inflation rate will soon rise [C] the inflation will disappear quickly [D] there is no inflation at present

In Britain and Japan inflation is running half a percentage point below the rate predicted at the end of last year. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.

去年年底，英国和日本的通货膨胀率实际上比预测的要低半个百分点。这不是昙花一现。在过去几年里，英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。

69. The sentence \[A] the low inflation rate will last for some time [B] the inflation rate will soon rise [C] the inflation will disappear quickly [D] there is no inflation at present

题型识别：词义题

题干定位：题干中有明确的定位信息

解题思路：直接看这个句子是看不懂的，承认看不懂就好了。 这个道题目依然是这样的解题模式： 第一句，（请填入一句能连接下一句），第三句 选项分析：能将上下句连接起来的句子很容易判定出应该是：[A] the low inflation rate will last for some time

翻译出来：

去年年底，英国和日本的通货膨胀率实际上比预测的要低半个百分点。（低的通胀率将会持续一段时间）。在过去几年里，英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预测水平。

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讲阅读的时候提到过张伯伦（08年第三篇），NBA在1960年代的传奇巨星，当然其最吸引人眼球的自传中说的和2万名女性发生过关系。肯定有夸张的成分，但是放在1960这个时代背景下倒也不觉得奇怪，那个时代虽然喧嚣，但却奠定了美国当代文明的基础。可以用伟大来形容，虽然被称为垮掉的一代但是却有马丁路德金，肯尼迪，以及英伦入侵的披头士，那个时候正式语言即使decline了（2005年第四篇）也能感觉更多的精心和诚意。这里送大家一句话，可以用到写作中背诵，是肯尼迪的弟弟写给他的：

He gave us strength in time of trouble, wisdom in time of uncertainty, and sharing in time of happiness. He will always be by our side.

最近很火的一部电影：Imitation game 中的一句话：

Sometimes it's the very people who no one imagines anything of who do the things that no one can imagine. 切分：

Sometimes it's the/ very people/ who/ no one imagines anything of/ who do the things that no one can imagine.

强调句+定语从句： 还原为两个句子：

no one imagines anything of very（表示强调） people The very people do the things that no one can imagine.

有时候正是人们以为的无用之人成就了哪些无人敢想之事。

下面这个句子是10年的阅读真题中的句子，之前发过一次，大家可能没有注意，问的比较多。可以试着再分析一下！

无论哪里有多热闹，这里都是我们最好的学习的地方！也是学习最热闹的地方！

It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.

第一句难点解析：It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.

这个句子中最重要的是找出两个状语：

to the point of impossibility 状语一 = very 表示程度 for the average reader under the age of forty 状语二 这个句子的真正主语是： to imagine a time

it is difficult to imagine a time; it做形式主语

when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.定语从句修饰time; 译文：对于年龄低于 40岁的普通读者来讲，让他们想象一下当年可以在许多大城市报纸上读到精品的文艺评论简直几乎是不可能的。 分析一下这里的转折：

Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews.

然而，在 20世纪出版的最重要的文艺评论集中，人们读到的大部分评论文章都是从报纸上收集而来。

前一句：想不到有这样的事情；后一句：确实有这样的事情；

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考研阅读短语：Sth has been thrown into sharper relief. 某事变得更加清晰；The incompatibility of their interests has only been thrown into sharper relief. 他们利益间的不相容变得更加清晰。 A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide — the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.

55. Digital divide is something ________. [A] getting worse because of the Internet [B] the rich countries are responsible for [C] the world must guard against [D] considered positive today

A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide — the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.

今天，人们十分关注所谓的是信息差异问题——世界上信息资源丰富的地区和信息资源贫乏的地区之间的差异；这个差异确实存在，我和我妻子20年前就曾谈及这个临近的危险。然而，那时还不太明显的是一些抵制信息差异的、新的积极因素。实际上我们是完全有理由感到乐观的。

55. Digital divide is something ________. [A] getting worse because of the Internet [B] the rich countries are responsible for [C] the world must guard against [D] considered positive today 题型识别：细节题 题干定位：定位第一段

思路解析：精读原文的答案来源句： 第一句：简单介绍什么是信息差异 第二句：确认存在

第三句：重点掌握：looming (隐约的）danger

最后两句不是讲信息差异了而是对抗信息差异的力量。

选项分析：A.因果错误。并且第一段中没有谈到互联网的问题。 B.强加因果，常识干扰，认为坏事都是富国干的，这是不对的。 C.文中谈到是危险，那么就应该去防范。（同意改写）正确答案

guard 有两个意思，一个是保护，一个是防范，不同的搭配意思也不一样。 D.“对抗信息差异的力量”才被认为是正面的。偷换了主语，所以不对。

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又是一个重要表达：这是2011年阅读文章中的一句话：the learning curve has been steep 直接翻译的话是：学习的曲线很陡峭；很晦涩；

但是这个表达的实际含义是：做什么事情不是很容易，需要花功夫，是一个经常用的表达。 例句：

For most users, the learning curve required to transform a Linux box into a \is too steep.

对大多数用户而言，把Linux机器改造成“个人”计算机所需的学习曲线也是非常陡的。 =对大多数用户而言，把Linux机器改造成“个人”计算机也是很困难的。 我的公共微信：kkenglish （谢谢你们给我点推广）

There are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools introduce the concept of professional training early on in order to make sure children are properly equipped for the professions they want to join. It is, however, presumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many businessmen, so many accountants. Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.

对适当的学生实行职业教育也有道理。欧洲的许多学校很早就引进职业培训的概念，以确保儿童具备欲从事的职业所需的技能。然而，去臆断科学家、商人、会计职位的数量是武断的。此外，在我们这么大的一个国家里，经济延展到这么多的州，涉及到这么多的国际公司，因而要按照数量培养出所需要的各类专业人员是不太可能的。

presumptuous （专横的，自以为是的）看作presumpt(ion)假设+uous形容词后缀，“只凭假设就给人下结论的”→自以为是的。

61. It could be inferred from the passage that in the author's country the European model of professional training is ________.

[A] dependent upon the starting age of candidates [B] worth trying in various social sections [C] of little practical value

[D] attractive to every kind of professional 题型识别：推理题

题干定位：根据题干中的European model比较容易定位第三段。 思路解析：段落中出现的转折，作为推理题应该重点关注转折后。 It is, however, presumptuous.武断的； Besides, this is unlikely不肯定

作者给出了负评价；至于具体的信息不用了解也可以做题；

选项分析：能对负评价进行同意替换的选项是 [C] of little practical value 为正确选项 [A] dependent upon the starting age of candidates转折前的内容，且不符合原文表述 [B] worth trying in various social sections正评价，且无依据，排除 [D] attractive to every kind of professional正评价，且无依据，排除 特别提示：推理题请多关注段落中的转折！

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最新的一期经济学人封面文章在讨论专利对于创新到底是促进还是阻碍： Time to fix the patent system;(是时候修改专利制度了)；Patents are protected by governments because they are held to promoteinnovation. But there is plenty of evidence that they do not. (专利受到政府的保护，因为专利能促进创新，但是有大量的证据表明其实专利并不能促进创新) 文章从各个产业谈论了为什么专利不能保护创新；在文章结束的时候谈到了一些改进的意见，其中对于受专利制度祸害最深的医药研发行业提出了这样的建议。请看这个句子吧！

After a promising drug wasfound the final, most expensive stages of clinical trials, which measure theefficacy of a drug that has already been shown to be safe, could be publiclyfunded, using another portion of the huge potential savings from cheaper drugs,and conducted by independent laboratories.

Once a medicine wasvalidated, any drug company would be allowed to make it. 词汇突破：clinicaltrials 临床试验 publicly funded 公开募资

efficacy 功效，疗效（特别指药物） a promising drug 有可能有效的药物 be found the final 进入最后阶段 validated 有效

主干识别：Most expensive stages ofclinical trials could be publicly funded and conducted by independentlaboratories

这个句子的难点就是主语的寻找! Final和mostexpensive 很容易被放在一起！一定要敢于切分！

which measure the efficacy of a drugthat has already been shown to be safe 定语从句 using another portion of the hugepotential savings from cheaper drugs 状语（独立成句）

（Most expensive stages ofclinical trials could use another portion of the huge potential savings fromcheaper drugs.）

参考译文：当一种有可能有效的药物进入最后研发状态，最昂贵的临床试验阶段，也就是评估已经被证明安全的药物的功效的阶段，是可以公开募资的，也可以部分使用来自其他更廉价药物的潜在巨大结余资金。这个阶段可以由独立的实验室来完成。

第二句: 一旦一种药物被证明是有效的，任何医药公司都可获准生产这一药物。 这篇文章经过改写之后将会收录到了我的最后六套题当中

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经济学人》的发行量已经从2006年的大约100万份，提高到了2015年的160万份。它触及的受众，在很大程度上是受过良好教育，会乘坐私人飞机参加国际会议的富裕人群。它的崇拜者众多，其中包括前纽约市长迈克尔·R·布隆伯格(Michael R. Bloomberg)。另一方面，卡尔·马克思(Karl Marx)贬低它是“欧洲金融贵族的喉舌”。作家詹姆斯·法洛斯(James Fallows)形容它是在“向我们这个大陆兜售自作聪明的英格兰观点”，完全被那些努力显得博学又世故的人，当成了时尚配饰。关注政治和文化题材的作者安德鲁·沙利文(Andrew Sullivan)总体上同意这个观点。他把它叫做“一种面向上层阶级的《读者文摘》”。即将到来的所有权变更不太可能解决相关争论。教育公司培生集团(Pearson)已经将经济学人集团50%的股份挂牌出售。CQ Roll Call即属于经济学人集团。为了精简业务，培生集团前不久将《金融时报》(The Financial Times)出售给了日本经济新闻社(Nikkei)。据两名熟悉情况的人士称，培生正在同《经济学人》现在的股东谈判，包括投资公司Exor。控制该公司的阿格内利(Agnelli)家族已公开表示，对这笔交易感兴趣。（NYT中文网）

Others who had coveted the publication have not been mentioned as contenders, perhaps because the company has a complex trust system that essentially ensures it cannot be taken over by an owner keen to impose his or her whims. 词汇突破：coveted 垂涎于...

publication 出版物（这里指的就是经济学人） contenders 竞争者 whim 意愿，想法 keen to 热衷于 参考译文：没有消息显示垂涎该刊的其他人参与了角逐，这或许是因为该公司有复杂的信托机制。这一机制实质上确保了公司不会被热衷于强行施加自己意愿的老板接手。 Widely viewed as a magazine, it nevertheless calls itself a newspaper. It has no bylines. 词汇突破：bylines 署名

参考译文：尽管普遍被当做杂志，但《经济学人》仍自称报纸。它的文章没有署名。

It has also been shaped, said Mr. Crook, who rose to deputy editor, by the lack of bylines. “There is a genuine sense that we’re all in it together,” he said. Writers edit, and editors write, which makes each considerate of the other. And writers can contribute on unexpected subjects because readers do not associate their names with one topic.

参考译文：后来升任副主编的克鲁克说，不署名这一点也塑造了《经济学人》。“有一种真正的我们都融为了一体的感觉，”他说。写稿的人会进行编辑，编辑也会写稿，这会让双方相互体谅。而且作者也可以撰文讨论一些出人意料的话题，因为读者不会把他们的名字和某一个话题联系起来.

尤其是这一段，同学们好好的对比一下，这就是思维。 文章来源：（NYT中文网）

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男人只说三分话，留的七分打天下！

两天十八小时，16瓶矿泉水，4板草珊瑚，谢谢我们的坚持，今天真有点累了，晚安！ 加油！

However, recent scholarship has strongly suggested that those aspects of early New England culture that seem to have been most distinctly Puritan, such as the strong religious orientation and the communal impulse, were not even typical of New England as a whole, but were largely confined to the two colonies of Massachusettes and Connecticut.

解析：这个句子的背景内容对于考研的同学来讲是必须熟悉地，美国早期的文化特征，出题人特别珍爱这种话题。

词汇突破： puritan 清教传统的 religious orientation 宗教导向 communal impulse 团体意识 connectict 康尼狄格州句子中 be confinded to 局限于...

主干识别：recent scholarship has strongly suggested that ... 主谓宾结构

其他成分：难点是宾语从句中主干的识别：those aspects were not ...but were confined to ...其他的定语什么的就比较好理解了。 参考译文：早期的新英格兰文化呈现出了明确的清教传统的特征，这些特征包括强烈的宗教导向和团体意识。但是最近的研究强烈的表明这些方面并不是新英格兰整体的特征，而仅是局限于马赛诸塞州和康涅狄格州之中的。

翻译点拨：在翻译的时候还是要注意太长的成分就单独成句了。

of early New England culture that seem to have been most distinctly Puritan, such as the strong religious orientation and the communal impulse, 早期的新英格兰文化呈现出了明确的清教传统的特征，这些特征包括强烈的宗教导向和团体意识。

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MBA 教育的价值一直是人们讨论的焦点，2014考研英语讨论了法律教育的弊端，2016年会不会讨论MBA的价值呢? 请同学们一定关注！

The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era, when Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his \and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps, doing things like improving fuel-transport times and scheduling more-efficient bombing raids.

主干识别：The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era

其他成分：when Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his \famous定语从句主干

for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps,

定语从句中的状语 状语

翻译点拨：词汇点拨： 注意对pendulum的理解：

The pendulum has swung back and the American car companies have made dramatic advances in safety...

三十年河东，三十年河西，美国汽车公司在安全方面已经取得了巨大进步。 The political pendulum has swung in favour of the liberals. 政治形势转而对自由主义者有利。

The political pendulum in American politics swung away from the right, putting an end to the12- year Republican Revolution on Capitol Hill and delivering a sharp rebuke of President Bush and the Iraq war.

美国政坛的政治钟摆从右派转向，一举结束共和党在国会山庄的十二年革命，并对布希总统和伊拉克战争发出强烈的怒吼。 grad 毕业生whiz kids 天才学生

mathematical modeling 数学模型game theory 博弈论 statistical analysis 数据分析Army Air Corps 陆军航空队 fuel-transport 加油bombing raids 空袭 成分点拨：

The pendulum began to swing in the postwar era 情况在战后开始改变 再单独翻译定语从句：

Harvard Business School grad Robert McNamara and his \kids\became famous for using mathematical modeling, game theory and complex statistical analysis for the Army Air Corps, 哈佛商学院的毕业生 Robert McNamara和那些天才学生一起因为使用数学模型，博弈论和复杂的数据分析来为陆军航空队做事而名噪一时， 最后翻状语：

doing things like improving fuel-transport times and scheduling more-efficient bombing raids. 翻译是省略doing things like，直接翻为：他们减少加油的时间并且安排出更有效的空袭。 参考译文：情况在战后开始改变，哈佛商学院的毕业生 Robert McNamara和那些天才学生一起因为使用数学模型，博弈论和复杂的数据分析来为陆军航空队做事而名噪一时，他们减少了加油所需要的时间并且安排出更有效的空袭。

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什么都不用说了，来做题吧，高铁上出的模拟题，文章非常有意思，可以作为作文语料积累。 这就是业界良心！

Booksread in electronic form will boast the same power and some new ones to boot.The printed book is an excellent means of channeling information from writer toreader; the e-book can send information back as well. Teachers will be able tolearn of a pupil’s progress and questions; publishers will be able to see whichbooks are gulped down, which sipped slowly. Already readers can see what otherreaders have thought worthy of note, and seek out like-minded people forfurther discussion of what they have read. The private joys of the book willremain; new public pleasures are there to be added.

Whichof the following is true according to the text?

(A)The electronic books can send more information than traditional ones.

(B)The electronic books are essential for publishers to learn readers.

(C)Readers can distinguish which books are more popular with electronic form.

(D)Added happiness can be brought by the electronic books.

答案明天公布，再次感谢大家的支持！

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不闻是一种智慧，不争是一种慈悲！ 都来做题吧！

Consumers should celebrate that; the firms’ losses are their gains. But there is a catch. Comparison sites, whether for insurance or something else, introduce a new layer of costs,including their own splashy advertising campaigns. In theory, competition in the market for comparison sites ought to keep those costs down. But in a recent paper, David Ronayne of Warwick University argues that consumers often lose out from comparison sites. They earn a commission for each shopper who uses them to buy insurance. That referral cost is incorporated into the price the consumer ends up paying. If the increased costs outweigh the saving the comparison enables, consumers end up worse off.

1. Why consumers often lose out from the comparison sites?

(A) The referral cost will be increasedby splashy advertising campaigns. (B) Consumers may not earn the commissionwhen buying the insurance. (C) The new layer of costs may increasethe price of insurance. (D) The insurance company may spend moreon comparison sites. 昨天题目的解析：

Books read in electronic form will boast the same power and some new ones to boot. The printed book is an excellent means of channeling information from writer to reader; the e-book can send information back as well. Teachers will be able to learn of a pupil’s progress and questions; publishers will be able to see which books are gulped down, which sipped slowly. Already readers can see what other readers have thought worthy of note, and seek out like-minded people for further discussion of what they have read. The private joys of the book will remain; new public pleasures are there to be added.

Which of the following is true according to the text?

(A) The electronic books can send more information than traditional ones.

首先这里没有直接的比较；有同学说电子书可以把信息在返回去，所以信息会更多；对啊，你都说了是回馈信息了，是不是应该是send back 啊，send是一个单行的动词啊。当然主要还是文中没有比较了。

(B) The electronic books are essential for publishers to learn readers. 我说过的essential就没有对过。

(C) Readers can distinguish which books are more popular with electronic form. 偷换了主语，是出版商能分辨。

(D) Added happiness can be brought by the electronic books. new public pleasures are there to be added. 新的快乐=added happiness. 正确答案！ 以电子形式阅读的书籍将拥有同样的力量，并启动一些新的能力。印刷书籍是把资讯从作者传输给读者的一种上佳途径；而电子书还可以把信息反向传输。教师可以了解到学生的进展和疑问；出版商将能看到哪些书被一口气读完，哪些则被人细细品味。读者已经能够看到其他人认为哪些内容值得一提，并寻找见解相似者进一步讨论阅读的内容。书籍的私密愉悦性将保留，却会增加新的公共乐趣。书的未来如何? 远比人们想得光明。

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昨天题目的解析！

1. Why consumers often lose out from the comparison sites?

(A) The referral cost will be increased by splashy advertising campaigns.

referral cost 和splashy advertising campaigns 之间是没有关系的（看译文你就知道了） (B) Consumers may not earn the commission when buying the insurance.

这个干扰项就是我从文中随便找了几个词拼凑在一起的。Commission 你都不知道是什么就瞎选！

(C) The new layer of costs may increase the price of insurance.

Comparison sites, whether for insurance or something else, introduce a new layer of costs. 这句话看的明白吧：新的成本是会加到保险价格上的，羊毛出在羊身上啊！ 正确答案C！！！作对了就打赏呗：）

(D) The insurance company may spend more on comparison sites.

保险公司才没有花更多呢。 定位其实两个句子都是可以的：

That referral cost is incorporated into the price the consumer ends up paying.

Comparison sites, whether for insurance or something else, introduce a new layer of costs. 这段话用了两句话来说同一个意思。 你确定那一句都是可以得出答案的！

Consumers should celebrate that; the firms’ losses are their gains. But there is a catch. Comparison sites, whether for insurance or something else, introduce a new layer of costs, including their own splashy advertising campaigns. In theory, competition in the market for comparison sites ought to keep those costs down. But in a recent paper, David Ronayne of Warwick University argues that consumers often lose out from comparison sites. They earn a commission for each shopper who uses them to buy insurance. That referral cost is incorporated into the price the consumer ends up paying. If the increased costs outweigh the saving the comparison enables, consumers end up worse off.

消费者应该欢呼雀跃，因为企业的损失正是他们的获益。然而这里有一个陷阱，无论是保险还是其他产品的比价网站都引入了新一层的成本，包括这些网站声势浩大的广告活动。理论上，比价网站之间的市场竞争应当可以压低这类成本。但华威大学（Warwick University）的戴维?罗内因（David Ronayne）最近发表的论文认为，消费者往往会因为比价网站而遭受损失。对于每个从这些网站购买保险的顾客，网站都从中赚取佣金。这一转介成本实际上被加到了产品的价格之中，最终还是由消费者买单。如果这部分增加的成本高于从比价网站获得的优惠，消费者反而将得不偿失。 今天的句子：

Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds like a useful，ground-clearing way to start. Actually，it isn't，because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights，which is something the world does not have. 词汇突破：account 看法 Put (常用于观点的表达) 主干识别：it isn't

其他成分：Actually，状语

because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights，which is something the world does not have.状语从句

微观分析：it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights 状语从句的主句

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which is something the world does not have 状语从句中的定语从句

翻译点拨：当翻译的句子中出现指代的时候有时需要往前找到指代的对象，并翻译出来，以语义是否通顺为标准。

it指代前面的句子可以翻译为：这种说法，isn't后面省略了so或true 这种说法并不对/情况并不是这样的 第二个it 也是指代it:这种说法认为

an agreed account 约定的看法，共同的认识

an agreed account of human rights 关于人权的约定的认识

which is something the world does not have.这个认识是世界上没有的。 参考译文：（1）这种说法是不对的，因为这种说法认为存在着一种被大家认同的关于人权的看法，而这种共识其实是不存在的。

（2）事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同的认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。

七夕临近，用一段话来慰藉苦逼的忙着考研而无力表白的单身狗们，考完了KK三步表白法助你成功！

When I look in your eyes and you're looking back in mine, everything feels not quite normal, because I feel stronger and weaker at the same time. I feel excited and,at the same time,terrified. The truth is, I don't know what I feel, except I know what kind of man I want to be.

当我看着你的双眼，而你也深情看着我时，一切都好像变得特别了。因为我感觉自己好像有了盔甲，同时也有了软肋；我感觉自己激情澎湃，又惊恐不安。事实上，我并不知道自己的真实感受如何形容，但是，我知道我想要成为一个怎样的人。

今天句子短，但是绝对经典实用！ 写作第三段能够用到的句子!

Meanwhile , that potential threat has not escaped the attention of the government. Government is moving to head off any danger.

同时，政府察觉到了这一潜在的威胁并着手消除这样的危险

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当牛奶快要喝完时能够将它加入购物清单的电冰箱。可以统计内里现金量的保险箱。拥有能够提高准确度的高级电脑技术的狙击枪。可以通过互联网播放音乐的汽车。在我的时文精析中我早就讲过物联网的问题呢，最近的华尔街日报也在报道这个话题，但是随之而来的安全问题也引起了人们的关注，骚年们来做题吧！

No company wants to be the first to bear the costs of updating the insecure computer systems that run most cars. We need federal safety regulations to push automakers to move, as a whole industry.Last month, a bill with privacy and cyber security standards for cars was introduced in the Senate. That’s good, but it’s only a start. We need a new understanding of car safety, and of the safety of any object running software or connecting to the Internet. It may be hard to fix security on the digital Internet, but the Internet of Things should not be built on this faulty foundation. Responding to digital threats by patching only exposed vulnerabilities is giving just aspirin to a very ill patient.

What is the root threat to the security of the Internet of Things? (A) The cyber security standards are inadequatein the Senate.

(B) Companies are not willing to allocate funds to improve security system. (C) The understanding of Internet is based on theshaky ground. (D) The foundation of the Internet of Things is vulnerable.

谢谢大家的等待，但是等待是有意义的，一定好好看我的思路解析！

给大家汇报一下我的命题思路，希望对大家把我出题人的命题思路有一定的帮助。

首先这篇文章的难度不大，这给我的命题带来了一些麻烦；不过整个结构特别像2007年的第四篇文章；加上这篇文章的话题（物联网）很新，所以我还是选择了这段话； 在命题的时候我本来想命制为： What can we infer from thisparagraph?

但是发现没有特别难的句子，干扰选项不是很好设置，于是就命制为细节题了。 细节题那就从物联网的问题说起，我选择了threat这个词；其实就是problem； 然后我设置了另外一个考点，加上了root，这样

(B) Companies are not willingto allocate funds to improve security system.

虽然这个选项是正确的，但是不符合题干要求了，因为我需要考生找出根本的问题。属于定位错误。

然后我设置了一个拼凑的选项：

(A) The cyber security standards are inadequatein the Senate.

The cyber securitystandards和the Senate来勾引那些做连连看的人。整个选项我都不知道我在说什么。

接着我很认真的在最后两句上下功夫； 其实最后一句是个比喻：以给暴露的缺陷打补丁的方式应对数字化威胁，就像只给一个病重者吃阿司匹林。很多同学是不太读的明白的；

前一句话：Itmay be hard to fix security on the digital Internet, but the Internet of Thingsshould not be built on this faulty foundation.（观点句，带有May）才是最关键的！ (C) The understanding of Internetis based on the shaky ground.

这个选项我是故意偷换了主语我把再上一句中的understanding和Internet放在了一起； 但是至少应该是：Theunderstanding of Internet of Things 吧！

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同时我为了给基础不错的同学挖陷阱:我用shakyground 替换faulty foundation，这个替换是对了的。所以一些成绩还不错的同学相反中招了。

而 (D) The foundation of theInternet of Things is vulnerable.我故意用vulnerable替换faulty，初一看是不对的，同时还和最后一句的vulnerability有关系，这样很多同学就会觉得这个替换行不通吧。

其实在这个语境中vulnerable替换faulty你自己可以在思考一下是不是？ 而且还有人会觉得“没那么简单吧” 其实就那么简单！ 答案就是D！

好吧，这就是我的想法，其实出题人就是这样想的。 说话，Yes orNo？ 写作必背句子！

Liberal education must notlimit itself to critical thinking and problem solving; it must also fosteropenness, participation and opportunity.

词汇突破：liberaleducation 素质教育 foster 培养 参考译文：素质教育不应该只局限于批判性思维和问题解决的能力。还必须培养开放的态度，参与的精神和机遇。

It should be designed totake us beyond the campus to a life of ongoing, pragmatic learning that findsinspiration in unexpected sources, and increases our capacity to understand andcontribute to the world — and reshape it, and ourselves, in the process. 词汇突破：ongoing持续的 pragmatic 实用的 reshape 重塑 句子分析： 主干

it should be designed totake us beyond the campus to a life.

其他成份：

of ongoing, pragmaticlearning 定语

that finds inspiration inunexpected sources, and increases our capacity to understand and contribute tothe world — and reshape it, and ourselves, in the process. 定语从句 并列动词：findsand increase

understand and contribute and reshape 并列动词

注意：逗号和破折号的用法其实是很自由的，作者很多时候为了强调一些词和短语，尤其是在并列的时候，多加一个逗号或破折号没有什么值得奇怪的，也没有太多规律可讲，所以不用纠结。

参考译文：素质教育的宗旨应当是引导我们超越校园，走向一种持续和务实的学习生活，这种学习能让我们从未知的资源中找到灵感，并增强理解世界和为世界做贡献的能力，并在这一过程中重塑这个世界和我们自己。 昨天的题目：

No company wants to be the first tobear the costs of updating the insecure computer systems that run most cars. Weneed federal safety regulations to push automakers to move, as a wholeindustry. Last month, a bill with privacy and cyber security standards for carswas introduced in the Senate. That’s good, but it’s only a start. We need a newunderstanding of car

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safety, and of the safety of any object running softwareor connecting to the Internet. It may be hard to fix security on the digitalInternet, but the Internet of Things should not be built on this faultyfoundation. Responding to digital threats by patching only exposedvulnerabilities is giving just aspirin to a very ill patient.

What can we infer from this paragraph?

What is the root threat to the security of theInternet of Things? (A) The cyber security standards are inadequatein the Senate.

(B) Companies are not willing to allocate fundsto improve security system. (C) The understanding of Internet is based on theshaky ground. (D) The foundation of the Internet of Things isvulnerable.

没有哪个公司愿意率先为更新大部分汽车都在使用的不安全汽车系统买单。我们需要制定联邦安全法规，来迫使汽车厂商在整个行业内展开行动。上个月，一份有关汽车隐私和网络安全标准的议案被提交到了参议院。这很好，但它只是个开始。我们需要对汽车安全采取新的理解，需要建立有关任何运行软件或联网的物体的安全性的新观念。或许，在数字化的网络上解决安全问题比较困难，但物联网不应该建立在一个有问题的基础上。以给暴露的缺陷打补丁的方式应对数字化威胁，就像只给一个病重者吃阿司匹林。

8月20日，七夕，四六级出成绩，考研还有128天， 我在合肥，这是第三年在合肥过七夕

今年感冒了，咳嗽的厉害，希望早点好起来。 送给恋爱中的男生一句话：

Women are meant to be loved, not to be understood. 女人是用来被爱的，不是用来被理解的。（这样你的恋爱会开心一些。） 送给女生两句话：

To love oneself is the beginning of a life long romance. 爱自己是终身浪漫的开始

There is only one real tragedy in a woman's life. The fact that her past is always her lover, and her future invariably her husband.

女人的生活中只有一个真正的悲剧：她总在缅怀过去，却必须活在未来。 送给情侣们：

The course of true love never did run smooth. 真爱无坦途。 送给单身狗们：

When one is in love, one always begins by deceiveing one's self, and one always ends by deceiving others. That is what would calls a romance.

爱，始于自我欺骗，终于欺骗他人。这就是所谓的浪漫。 没有也罢，如果还安慰不了你，好吧： You don't need sex. Life fucks you everyday. 满意了吧：）

评论过者，四六级必过！

今天的句子很有意思，不长但是需要仔细思考，别急着看解析，好好地看一看！ 后面附上一个能用的写作句型。加油！

The sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.

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词汇突破：sex ratio性别比率 be favored 受到亲睐 descendant 后代

gene copies transmitted 被传播的基因份数 主干分析：The sex ratio will be favored

其他成分：whichmaximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. 定语从句修饰the sex ratio 微观分析： 1.定语从句中套一个定语从句：which maximizes thenumber of descendants （that）an individualwill have. 定语从句中宾语的that被省略了

2.And 连接两个number; (hence 是状语在找并列的时候可以忽视）

补全就是：which maximizes the number of?and (maximizes) the number of?;

参考译文：这种性别比率将会受到青睐，这种性别比率能够最大化个体所拥有的后代数目，而且因此可以最大化被传播的基因份数。 写作句型:

经济学人原句：

Opinions are furiously divided as to whether the unintended harm caused by health reform will outweigh its benefits.

句型：

Opinions are furiously divided as to whether the unintended harm caused by A will outweigh its benefits.

仿写例句：

Opinions are furiously divided as to whether the unintended harm caused by the Internet will outweigh its benefits.

互联网所带来的意想不到的害处是否会比其带来的益处更大，人们的看法非常不同。

四六级出分，考的好的觉得可以庆祝一下，玩了一天；

考的不好的，各种自我怀疑，各种否定，动摇，纠结，而且这种情绪会一直伴随好几天，而且一有点困难就会想我四六级都没有过，考研还能行吗？

我要是四六级过了该多好啊！这样的想法可以有，一天就够了！

哪怕过了你还得面对考研，并且四六级和考研之间并没有必然的联系！ 无数四六级没有过的同学在考研中取得了很少的成绩。 这次六级考试的部分题目相对简单一些，所以作文在评分的时候就比前几次都要严格，这是很正常的事情，在以前也遇到过；

六级考试是要控制过级率的，这个考试参考人数降低，影响力就会下降了，尤其最近取消四六级的呼声比较小了，这帮命题委员会的人又开始嘚瑟了，有开始动歪脑筋了，这确实是多么大的一个利益圈啊，说到底还是经济学啊!大家没事吐吐槽也挺好的，让这帮人有点危机感。

是的，道理都懂，难受也只能先受着，只是时间不等你了！你失恋了可以用时间来疗愈，但是考研只有128天了！一晃就过了！赶快做真题，背句子吧！（你别说这次六级我背了句子作文怎么还是分不高，第一，这次作文压分，你不背说不定更低。第二，六级作文题们用英文写的很多同学连题目都没有读懂，跑题的比较多。第三，这次很多同学背的并不熟，发给我看的句子都是错了。所以必须继续背，如果你还是怀疑，那就背到很熟悉，熟悉到能自己改写出更灵活的句子！所以必须背！）

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有人会说太虐心了，是的借用考研阅读中的一句话吧： 考研阅读中有这样一句话：

The things that bring thegreatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. 成长就必须面对这样的事情， 敢于面对可能的失败，不惧怕前进路上的风雨，保有你对幸福的向往，保持你的倔强和骄傲，回望时你就能对曾经的自己微笑来吧，整理好心情，看句子吧！下面两句话是不是一个意思？

我把翻译都给出来了。

不能只浏览不思考不留印哦：）

1.No clear-cut distinction can bedrawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found toany rule.

在科学上，职业人士和业余人士之间没有鲜明的区别：任何规则（区别）都能找到例外的情况。

2.Amateurs can compete withprofessionals in some areas of science. 在科学的某些领域，业余人士能与职业人士竞争；

这两句话表达的是一个意思；在考研中可以被看作是同意替换。 1.第一句是结论：任何区分专业和业余人士的规则都能找到例外；

2.第二句是例子：这种情况就是一种例外啊；是对于这种例外的具体描写。尤其是some的使用，很模糊，好好体会！

2001年的文章，如果大家还不能理解就结合文章看哦

今天的句子含金量非常高！一定认真看！

考研考过乔姆斯基了，考过维多利亚时期的写作风格了，考过萧伯纳了，考过爱默生了，考过莎士比亚了；在准备应试的时候懂点文化是必要的，我会在每次恰当的时候给大家补充这些东西的。来看看今天的句子吧，绝对不容错过！只觉得不能用体贴来形容自己了。每次来了没有给评论的，留点脚印哈！

As she put it in The Common Reader, “Although it is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set upon another because of anything Chaucer said or wrote; and yet,as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore. ”

背景介绍：杰弗里·乔叟（GeoffreyChaucer，1342年—1400年），英国中世纪著名作家，诗人，做过官，当过国王的使者，死后被葬在威斯敏斯特教堂。被后人称为：英国诗歌之父，甚至有些论著认为其是英国文学之父。牛人一枚。其最著名的作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》 (The Canterbury Tales)。这哥们之所以牛，主要还是由于到了意大利和法国，开了眼见，认识了更牛的比如但丁、彼特拉克和薄伽丘等人的作品，回国后作品风格就从理想主义转变为了现实主义，揭露了教会的腐败、教士的贪婪和伪善，谴责了扼杀人性的禁欲主义，肯定了世俗的爱情生活。

词汇突破：frame 制定morality 道德Pore 毛孔 句子解析：这个句子在结构上还真不难：

As she put it in The Common Reader,非限定性定语从句开头； 就如她在普通读者一书中所说的那样，

Althoughit is safe to say that not a single law has been framed or one stone set uponanother because of anything Chaucer said or wrote;

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状语从句：it issafe to say that 可以安全的说=可以毫无疑问的说=可以确定的说=可以保险的说=可以肯定的说

not asingle law has been framed 没有一个法律被制定

onestone set upon another 没有一个石头被放到了另外一个石头上=没有一栋建筑被修起来 becauseof anything Chaucer said or wrote 由于乔叟说的或写的任何事情； 状从+主句

and yet, as we read him, we are absorbing morality at every pore. ” 但是，当我们读他（作品）的时候，我们每个毛孔都吸满了道德。 特别解析：这里必须注意在理解这部分的时候不能只从语法上理解了，作者在这里实际使用了比喻的手段：

“没有法律被制定，没有建筑被修起来”说明乔叟的影响并不在于实际的生活。 “每个毛孔都吸满了道德”说明乔叟对我们思想的影响很大。 参考译文：就如她在普通读者一书中所说的那样，虽然我们可以很确定的说没有一个法律是由于乔叟说的或写的任何事情而被制定的，也没有一栋建筑是由于他说的或写的任何事情被修起来的，但是当我们在读他的作品时，我们每个毛孔都吸满了道德。

再次提醒：我的公众微信号：kkenglish；需要背诵篇章语音的同学可以加关注! 英国经济是最近几年考研英语阅读新的关注点，也不难理解，美国的那些事都考的差不多了，我们就来了解一下英国的经济吧。

今天了解一下英国央行英格兰银行(Bank of England)行长,马克卡尼(Mark Carney) 之前效力于高盛集团（Goldman Sachs），并曾经担任加拿大央行行长，引导加拿大度过全球经济危机，成为经济衰退影响最小的富裕国家。被认为是英国财政大臣奥斯本（George Osborne，前几年英语一和英语二都同时考到了这位一个世纪以来最年轻的英国财务大臣）做出的最好的选择之一。马克卡尼去年以来就一直在强调：英国央行不急于加息；这篇文章的标题就能看出对于位行长的认同： Mr Dependable （“可靠”先生）

1. Recognizing that fragile economies need strong leaders, Mark Carney, the governor of the Bank of England, aims for an air of unruffled competence.

词汇突破：aims for：力求获得

an air of unruffled competence 一种镇定自若的老练的状态

（Unruffled:平静的； competence能力，老练 a man of competenceAn air of 神情，神气） 参考译文：英格兰银行行长马克卡尼先生已经认识到脆弱的经济需要强势的领袖，他正在力求获得一种镇定自若的老练的气场。

（Unruffled:平静的； competence能力，老练 a man of competence An air of 神情，神气） 参考译文：英格兰银行行长马克卡尼先生已经认识到脆弱的经济需要强势的领袖，他正在力求获得一种镇定自若的老练的气场。

2. That a Labour MP likened the bank’s behavior to that of an unreliable boyfriend proved harsh: Mr Carney is sticking to his original plan. 主语从句+proved harsh； 参考译文：一个工党的议员将银行的行为比作是一个不可靠的男朋友的行为，这一说服被证明是不对的，马克卡尼坚持了他原来的计划。 3. Worries about housing market bubbles abound.

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词汇突破：abound：（不及物动词）充足 主干：Worries abound.

参考译文：人们对于房地产市场的泡沫有很多担心。 Yet Mr Carney holds steady.

参考译文：但是卡尼坚持不加息。

（说明：一般房地产市场出现泡沫的时候，国家的调控手段就是加息） 4. Don’t expect interest rates to rise until inflation does. 作者在最后再次力挺卡尼，给出观点，表明看法：（结合04年第三篇文章第二段第五句来看一下句式。）

别指望加息，除非通胀增加。 再次证明卡尼这个哥们是靠谱的。

NYT上最新的文章，关于互联网广告的问题。

The great philosopher Homer Simpson once memorably described alcohol as “the cause of and solution to all of life’s problems.” Internet advertising is a bit like that — the funder of and terrible nuisance baked into everything you do online.

“伟大的哲学家霍默?辛普森(Homer Simpson)曾经令人难忘地将酒精描述为“生活中所有问题的源头和解决方案”。互联网广告和它有一点类似，它资助了你在网上进行的各种活动，但又给你带来很多惹人厌的麻烦。 选座位哦

Advertising sustains pretty much all the content you enjoy on the web, not least this very newspaper and its handsome, charming technology columnist; as I’ve argued before, many of the world’s most useful technologies may never have come about without online advertising. But at the same time, ads and the vast, hidden, data-sucking machinery that they depend on to track and profile you are routinely the most terrible thing about the Internet.Now, more and more web users are escaping the daily bombardment of online advertising by installing an ad blocker. This simple, free software lets you roam the web without encountering any ads that shunt themselves between you and the content you want to read or watch. With an ad blocker, your web browser will generally run faster, you’ll waste less bandwidth downloading ads, and you’ll suffer fewer annoyances when navigating the Internet. You’ll wonder why everyone else in the world doesn’t turn to the dark side.

What of following is true about the web ad blocker?

(A)It will help you confront the ad beween you and the wanting message. (B)It will jeopardise the user-friendly Internet surfing experience. (C)It will take users into a dark side of the Internet. (D)It will waste more bandwidth downloading ads.

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来看看你的想法和我的想法有多远？

Which of following is trueabout the web ad blocker?

(A)It will help youconfront the ad between you and the wanting message. 原文是这样说的：

This simple, free softwarelets you roam the web without encountering any ads that shunt themselvesbetween you and the content you want to read or watch.

这类简单的免费软件可以让你在上网时不会碰到广告突然冒出来挡在你想阅读或观看的内容前面。

所以我其实是用confront这个单词去偷换了withoutencountering; 而且会有人觉得confront有处理的意思。并没有！ 这样选A的人就比较多了 建议：一定要切分句子！

不过：wantingmessage确实等于the content you want to read or watch. (B)It will jeopardize theuser-friendly Internet surfing experience.

这个选项主要是jeopardize很多同学不认识，还有人质疑说这是超纲词汇；说超纲词汇不能出现在选项中，你知道的真多！确实超纲词汇不能出现在选项中，不过出题人是干过的这样的事情的，而且这个词汇确实很重要，因此需要大家掌握：危害的意思！ 这样一解释大家应该不选了吧！

不过：theuser-friendly Internet surfing experience.确实是对without encountering anyads that shunt themselves between you and the content you want to read orwatch.的同意替换； (C)It will take users intoa dark side of the Internet. 这个选项出完以后我也觉得自己挺无耻的，我这么能这样呢？据说有学生拿这个题去让一个老外做，老外也选错了。很正常，你拿公务员考试的阅读理解来做，同样做错。 这个选项定位到最后一句。这个定位是没有问题的，虽然没有包含ad blocker 但确实是在谈论和ad blocker 相关的内容。

You’ll wonder why everyoneelse in the world doesn’t turn to the dark side. 你会奇怪，其他人（用户）为什么不也加入到这个黑暗的一面呢？ 这样是直译。

那么dark side是什么意思呢？ 你知道吗？不知道，你就敢不选？ 你可以一开始不选这个选项，但是当你看完了其他三个选项之后你是不是应该想一下这个选项是不是有蹊跷啊？

其实这里就是典型的贬义词褒用的例子。

作者很明显认为没有广告的用户体验是很好的。

所以这里的darkside其实就是指用了adblocker 之后没有广告的互联网世界。 所以这个选项是很完美的同意替换。 有同学会问为什么这里会贬义褒用，给大家解释一下，后面作者也会说道没有广告的互联网真的是很可怕的，因为很多互联网产品就不可能免费了。 (D)It will waste more bandwidth downloadingads. 这个选项是很明显的偷换。 来复习一个翻译的句子：

Television is one of themeans by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps neverbefore has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in therecent events in Europe.

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主干识别：并列句主干一：Televisionis one of the means.

并列句主干二：it has served to connectdifferent peoples and nations

其他成分：并列句一中：bywhich these feelings are created and conveyed定语从句 并列句二中：to connect differentpeoples and nations状语一 never so much as in the recent eventsin Europe before.状语二

翻译点拨：词语的点拨：It served “起作用”Conveyed “传递”People “民族”Nation“国家”

电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。 主句一的处理：

定语从句可以前置翻译；

电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。 主句二的处理：

状语一：就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言；

状语二：在此之前（ before）?没有像在最近的欧洲事件中那样，

参考译文：电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中那样，起过如此大的作用。

全球最具代表性的难句！快来围观一下吧！

别二，这样长的句子都能看懂，那考研的句子当然不在话下！那些负能量的二货有多远滚多远！键盘侠，一辈子没出息！

These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers-will be at stake, and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding，a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.

词汇突破：

1. in a sense 从某种意义上讲

What you say is true in a sense. 你的话从某种意义上讲是正确的。 In the sense of +短语

that+句子 (从下面的意义上讲?= 因为?)

2. disinterested 公正的；无私的；不感兴趣的；不关心的 3.Inquiry 询问，探究

4. in substantial numbers 大量的 5.sexism 性别主义（歧视） 6.distinctive 独特的，明显的 7.at stake 有风险的

主干识别：These questions are political这些问题是政治性的问题， 其他成分：由in the sense that引导出一个状语从句: 状语从句主干：

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The debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle. 因为，对于这些问题的争论并不是在公正的探究精神的指导下对抽象事务的探究，而是一种学术权力的争斗。 状语从句中的定语从句：

in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars-only now entering the academic profession insubstantial numbers-will be at stake在这种争斗中，很多女性学者（她们很多是现在才大量进入学术圈的）的职业和专业才能都会面临风险， 后接一个省略句，这种结构在我们之前的考研难句中是见过的：

（with them） the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding （ will be at stake）

同时，对她们而言，对于人文学科的理解做出独特贡献的机会也会处于风险之中。 最后加一个同位语解释说明前面的contribution：

，a contribution +定语从句：that might be an important influence against sexism in our society. 而这种贡献可能会对于反对我们社会中的性别歧视主义产生重大的影响。

参考译文：这些是政治性的问题，因为，对于这些问题的争论并不是在公正的探究精神的指导下对抽象事务的探究，而是一种学术权力的争斗。在这种争斗中，很多女性学者（她们很多是现在才大量进入学术圈的）职业前途和专业才能都会面临风险。同时，对她们而言，对于人文学科的理解做出独特贡献的机会也会处于风险之中。而这种贡献可能也会极大的影响到社会中对于性别歧视主义的反对。

绝对和真题难度一致的题目！

我的微信kkenglish里面有投票，有语音，再次感谢那些点击推广的同学，你们的肯定我的动力！

COMPANY A hires company B to hire employees for a project. These employees work for company B, but do they also work for company A? If they are upset with the terms of their employment can they go after company A with pickets, boycotts and protests? Does A have any direct obligations to these employees?

The correct answer, in general, is that it depends. In a more specific sense it depends on the outcome of a unpleasant battle between a California branch of the Teamsters Union and Republic Services, one of America’s two giant rubbish-collection companies. The union is attempting to organise employees of Leadpoint Business Services, which employs sorters and other workers at a recycling plant in the Golden State. The union, however, has gone a step further and petitioned to have Republic treated as an employer as well since, it argues, Leadpoint’s supervisors act in a chain of authority controlled by Republic.

The National Labour Relations Board (NLRB), a body set up in the Depression to rule on disputes between workers and management that is liked by Democrats and loathed by Republicans, is expected to issue a ruling on the matter in the final days of August. What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?

(A) The ruling of one case may change the practice of some recycling plants. (B) NLRB will hold the Teamsters Union be responsible for management. (C) The Teamsters Union hires Republic Services to control Leadpoint. (D) NLRB may rule Republic has direct obligations to some employees.

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通过在微博和空间以及微信的互动发现很多同学根本就不是思路的问题，就是单词不认识，句子读不懂的问题！说到底还是语言的问题，根本就还说不上思路的问题！因为连最起码的句子都读不明白，然后再微博里面一阵吵吵，确实现在让你们来做题就是在鼓励你们投机，所以虽然离考研还有120天了，我依然觉得必须回归真题！解决最基本的单词和句子的问题，越是到后期越是需要大家扎实基础！KK再次跪求各位去除浮躁！踏实前行！

A公司雇佣B公司去招募人员来做一个项目；那么被招募的人员的雇主是B公司；但是，其实A公司也是雇主之一，那么A公司需不需要负担连带责任？加州两家机构（一个是一家公司名字叫Republic还有一家是一家工会叫Teamster Union卡车司机工会）间争端的仲裁结果将会决定这个问题的答案。

What can we infer from thefirst three paragraphs?

(A) The ruling of one casemay change the practice of some recycling plants. 这个选项是我设置的最大的干扰选项。 其中有may;

一开始的时候我准备把这个选项设置为这样的：

The ruling of one case maychange the practice of employment. 这样就是正确的答案，但是后来觉得这样可能太简单了。 于是我就将其偷换为了some recycling plants. 这个词我就是随便从文中找来的。 所以A是不对的了。

(B) NLRB will hold theTeamsters Union be responsible for management.

这个选项的错误也是偷换，本来TeamstersUnion就将对管理负责。不需要NLRB做出判决。 (C) The Teamsters Unionhires Republic Services to control Leadpoint.

这里是很明显的错误，原文是RepublicServices 雇佣Teamsters Union去招募工人为自己工作。 (D) NLRB may rule Republic hasdirect obligations to some employees.

NLRB确实会做出判决的啊，判决结果也无非是两个：一个是Republic公司负责任，一个Republic公司不用负责任。所以D才是正确答案！！！！

今天的句子：

The National Labour Relations Board(NLRB), a body set up in the Depression to rule on disputes between workers andmanagement that is liked by Democrats and loathed by Republicans, is expectedto issue a ruling on the matter in the final days of August. 主干识别：NLRBis expected to issue a ruling on the matter 其他成分：同位语：

a body set up in theDepression to rule on disputes between workers and management that is liked byDemocrats and loathed by Republicans

这是一家设立于大萧条时期的机构，旨在解决劳资双方争端的机构，民主党青睐这家机构，而共和党厌恶这家机构；

（昨天在做题的时候居然有人把加州的那家公司和共和党扯上关系了，这让我感觉到我们真的必须更加脚踏实地啊！）

参考译文：国家劳工关系委员会设立于大萧条时期，旨在解决劳资双方争端，民主党青睐这家机构，而共和党厌恶这家机构；本月底委员会将对这件事做出裁决。

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一个很难的句子，不要退却！谁都是一边受伤，一边学会坚强的！

Probably there is no one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.

词汇讲解： 1. in course of 在??的过程中,在??中

如：The new textbook is in course ofpreparation.新教科书正在准备之中。 in the course of = during 在??期间，在??的时候

如：He has seen many changes in the course of his long life.他在漫长的一生中目睹了许许多多的变化。

The company will face major challenges in the course of the next few years.这家公司以后几年将面临重大的挑战。

所以这里的in the course of day 就直接理解为：一天之中（这是一个很装的用法，我们写作的时候不能用）

2. occasion 时候，时机

3. set in motion + sth 短语：发起?，着手做? 4. a train of 一系列的，一连串的 5. scientific man 科学家

主干识别：there is no one here

其他成分：who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning

定语从句的主干 难点：（1） of the very same kind as that 定语从句中的定语修饰 reasoning (That指代reasoning)

（2） though differing in degree 定语从句中的定语也修饰reasoning ，前后两个定语补全是这样的： （1）reasoning differing （that which a scientific man goesthrough in tracing the causes of natural phenomena） in degree.

（2） reasoning ofthe very same kind as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.

根据两个定语的语义在加上一个though（虽然）. 接下来：

which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.定语从句修饰that ；其中 in tracing the causes of natural phenomena 为状语。

解释的还算清楚吧，KK够体贴了吧。 参考译文：世上大概不会有人一整天都没有机会进行一连串复杂的思考活动，而这些思考活动与科学家在探索自然现象原因时所经历的思考活动，尽管复杂程度不同，但在类型上是完全一样的。

世上大概不会有人一整天都没有机会进行一连串复杂的思考活动，这些思考活动与科学家在探索自然现象原因时所经历的思考活动，在类型上是完全一样的，尽管复杂程度是不同的。 背景介绍：这个句子是空间中一位同学留言的句子，我查一下是某次翻译考试的句子。是属于科学研究方法的文章，这样的文章考研常考，很晦涩，但是看多了就好了。不要沮丧于看不懂，因为你之前就没看过，没人天生就会。都是慢慢积累的。

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2012年考研英语中出现过TeamstersUnion这个机构，前几天的模拟题中也出现了这个机构，今天的经济学人又专门提到了这家机构。

这家机构翻译为中文是：卡车司机工会；但是从1980年代以后这个工会构成就不只是卡车司机（lorrydrivers）了。1980年代：The trucking industry was deregulated.卡车行业就解除管制了。

New companies were formed whichpreferred to work with non-union drivers, whose compensation was typically 26% lessthan union drivers. 新的公司组建以后更愿意雇佣非工会会员的司机，一般而言，这些司机的赔偿会比工会会员司机的赔偿少26%。这样一来这个工会的卡车司机的数量就比之前少了。

但：Deregulationalso caused the Teamsters to diversify.（这次解除管制也导致了Teamsters的多元化）

现在这个工会包括：flightattendants, pilots, bakers, yogurt processors, vegetable workers, warehousestaff, railway engineers, secretaries, printers ,public servants (policeofficers, sheriffs, school bus drivers and public defenders),brewers andzookeepers.（这些职业名字写作的时候可以用哦。）

现在这个机构正在signup UFC( Ultimate Fighting Championship)的fighters;

因为这些拳手的收入正在减少；Somefighters think the muscle of a union might help them get better pay and more say.(一些拳手认为工会的力量能帮助他们获得更好的报酬也能获得更多的话语权。) 上一次

学习完这篇文章后再来看前几天的文章我想大家会更清晰一些： 首先，文章的标题是：

Companies and employment公司与雇佣 Who’s the boss?谁是老板？

An obscure dispute aboutrubbish could reshape agency working.

一次对于垃圾处理的不起眼的争端可能会改变代理工作制度

The correct answer, ingeneral, is that it depends. In a more specific sense it depends on the outcomeof a fraught battle between a California branch of the Teamsters Union andRepublic Services, one of America’s two giant rubbish-collection companies. Theunion is attempting to organise employees of Leadpoint Business Services, whichemploys sorters and other workers at a recycling plant in the Golden State. Theunion, however, has gone a step further and petitioned to have Republic treatedas an employer as well since, it argues, Leadpoint’s supervisors act in a chainof authority controlled by Republic.

从整体来讲，正确的答案是：看情况。更具体的讲，这将取决于卡车司机工会加州分会与共和服务公司Republic Services间一场不愉快的争端的结果。RepublicServices是美国最大的两家垃圾收集公司中的一家。工会正在试图组织Leadpoint Business Services的雇员组建工会。（organize这个词本来就是组建工会的意思）LeadpointBusiness Services在加州（the Golden State）的一个垃圾回收厂雇佣了一些垃圾分类工人和其他工人。而且，工会还进一步的申述要求将Republic Services也当做雇主。工会认为Leadpoint的监管者行使有连锁职权，而这些又是由RepublicServices所控制的。 所以这里的A公司=RepublicServices B公司=Leadpoint Services

也就是A公司委托B公司招募工人处理垃圾。

而工会认为工人的老板不应该只是B公司，还应该有A公司。

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这也不难理解，毕竟A是大公司，如果A公司成为了老板，工人的权益应该能得到更好的保障。

但是A公司不愿意承认自己是老板。A公司之所以要雇佣B公司为自己招募员工也是为了减轻一些人员成本和可能的争端。有事呢，你们就去找B公司得了，别来找我了。 这样就撕起来了，就去一家仲裁机构寻求仲裁了。

从这两篇文章都能看的出美国工会的力量还是很强大的。之后我们会进一步关注这一话题。

最近很多同学发来消息询问感情的困惑，其实我也不是什么情感专家，但是我一早就给大家讲过，考研这一年我们需要得做好失去很多的准备，爱好，友谊，爱情...青春的意义就在于：为了追逐梦想，哪怕失去地痛彻心扉也必须继续奋不顾身！当这场青春之战硝烟散尽的时候，你是命运的勇者！

Our dreams are the internal powerful engine and the compass that may enable us to bring up our potential glowing capacity and to guide ourselves into the future. (写作背诵句！) 今天阅读的句子不难：

The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.

词汇突破：dramatic 巨大的 Passionate 情绪激动的

句子切分：1. The same dramatic technological changes have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices（定语从句；that=the same dramatic technological changes)

2. The same dramatic technological changes have also increased the risk.(主句）

3. Passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.（同位语从句）

参考译文：剧烈的技术变革使营销人员获得了数量更多、种类更广的沟通选择，但同时也带来了更高的风险，因为激动的消费者能够以更迅速、更明显、更有害的方式来表达他们的意见。

你切分对了吗！ 给自己点赞吧！

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在微博上说决定从今天开始跑步，有同学回复说：“恩，这和我们下决心记单词是一个意思。”是呀解释是没有用的，那我们都拿出态度来，我坚持一天，你也坚持一天哦！今天的句子是唱片工业变革的句子，也是流媒体的句子大家试着切分和独立成句！ Having previously fought losing battles against technological change, record executives have been quicker to embrace streaming’s surge. 词汇突破：1.losing battle 必败之仗

2.record executives 唱片公司的执行官们

注：用一批人代替一个产业和一个机构是议论文中常见的事情。 Banks= bankers

Real estate= property developers （房地产业）

在阅读的时候一定要注意他们说的话，其实就是代表一方的观点。 3.embrace 接受/支持

4.Stream=streaming：泛指流媒体技术。流媒体实际指的是一种新的媒体传送方式，而非一种新的媒体，是指采用流式传输的方式在Internet播放的媒体格式。 5．Surge 浪潮（常用来比喻某物的繁荣状态） 句子解析：当阅读中遇到比较长的非谓语或者独立主格结构的时候，一定拆分为独立的句子；这样能理清主谓宾的关系，避免掉进命题的陷阱中。

1.Record executives previously fought losing battles against technological change 2.Record executives have been quicker to embrace streaming’s surge. 这样两句话之间的关系其实就可以看成是因果关系了：

参考译文：因为，之前，唱片公司的执行官们在和技术革新的对抗中，输掉了一场场必败的战役，所以现在他们更快的接受了流媒体的浪潮。

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学生问到的一个句子，从今天起，要是你们给我的句子我采用了，我就送你们时文精析！可以到微博回复我，我的新浪微博：何凯文

A desire to throw overreality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on thepart of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly andconcretely the structure and texture of a flower.

词汇突破：1.throwa light over 照亮 2.give way to 让位于...

A give way to B，是A让位于B A be given way to B A 取代 B 3.on the part 部分

首先我要提醒大家这个句子其实是一个省略句，完整的结构是： (This is) a desire....

这样的句子我们在考研中见过，我将其命名为独词句； Hence the description ofamerica as a \

完整结构是：Hence（thereis) the description of america as a \

This is a desire to throwover reality a light / that never was might give away abruptly to the desire/on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactlyand concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

1.This is a desire to throwover reality a light This is a desire to throw a light overreality.

这是想要去照亮现实的欲望

2.That never was might giveaway abruptly to the desire. That might never be given away abruptly tothe desire. 这种欲望不会突然地取代后面的这种欲望

3.on the part of what we mightconsider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structureand texture of a flower. on the part 部分地

of something that we might consider a novelist-scientist to recordexactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

of something we might consider that a novelist-scientist to recordexactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

我们可能会部分地认为这种欲望是一个既是小说家又是科学家的人想要去准确并具体地记录一朵花的结构和纹理的那种欲望 整句翻译：这是想要去照亮现实的欲望这种欲望不会突然地取代后面的欲望，我们可能会部分地认为后面这种欲望是一个既是小说家又是科学家的人想要去准确并具体地记录一朵花的结构和纹理的那种欲望。

（是的我知道你们会说中文在说什么我都不知道，没事，没有上下文谁都不太懂。）

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明天伟大的胜利日！今天感受一下幸福！记得签到，我一直都在，你们在哪里？

My point is that its central consciousness—its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage, a heritage that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics.

词汇突破：central consciousness 中心思想 A owes much to B； A很大程度得益于B; literary heritage 文学遗产 contemporary 现代的 literary critics 文学批评家

understanding of A as B 把A理解为B

断句：My point is that/ its central consciousness—its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage, /a heritage/ that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics. 主干识别：my point is that ?

its central consciousness owes much to that earlier literary heritage 其他成分：两个同位语：

同位语一：its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’s lives

同位语二：a heritage（ that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics 定语从句） =this is a heritge

this= earlier literary heritage

参考译文：我的观点是，这种流派的中心的意识是：其深刻地认为阶级和性别对于人们的生活有着塑造性的影响。这种意识在很大程度上得益于那个更早的文化遗产，而这个文化遗产从总体而言并没有引起当代文学评论家们足够的重视。

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胜利日的热闹给了我们荣耀和自豪，但是你的路还得踏实的走，不管这个世界怎么热闹，还是来看句子吧：

在阅读中很多时候难住我们的其实还不长句而是一些短句中的表达，而这些表达就是我选择核心词的标准，今天的几个句子非常重要,都来自今天的经济学人：

1. Life can be tough for immigrants in America. If youcan’t find work, as a Romanian bank clerk in Atlanta puts it, don’t expect thetaxpayers to bail you out. Unlike in some European countries, it is extremely hardfor an able-bodied immigrant to live off the state. 重点掌握两个短语：

1. bail sb out. 将某人从困境中解救出来； 2. live off sth/sb.以某人或某物为生；

参考译文：对于美国移民而言，生活是艰辛的；就如一名亚特兰大的罗马尼亚裔的职员所说那样，如果你找不到工作，别指望纳税人能来解救你。

和一些欧洲国家不一样，对于身体健全的移民而言，想靠国家活下去是极端困难的。 2. Their results offer ammunition for fansof more open borders.

重点掌握：

1.ammunition：本意是弹药，但是更多我们能见到的含义就是这里的：论据！ 2.open borders: 开放的边界；通常理解为，更开放的移民政策；

参考译文：他们的研究结果为那些支持更开放的移民政策的人提供了论据。

3. None of these effects was large, but the studyundermines the claim that immigrants steal jobs from natives or drag down theirwages.

主干：none was large.

体会翻译：这些影响都不大； 这些影响中没有一个是大的。（前者更好吧！） 重点掌握：

1. undermines: 本意是“破坏”，感觉是个贬义词；但是其实这里是中性的，就是表明研究使后面的claim(论点)完全站不住脚。

参考译文：这些影响虽然都不大，但是这项研究却彻底的使这样的观点站不住脚：移民偷走了当地人的职业或者拉低了他们收入。

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今天经济学人的封面文章是关于唐纳德·特朗普，2016大选共和党的总统候选人之一。曾经是美国最具知名度的房地产商之一，人称“地产之王”。并且创建“特朗普梭运航空”，也是新泽西州“将军”职业足球队老板。兴建数幢华厦与别墅，还购买价值一亿美元的豪华游艇。我非常喜欢的酒店：Grand Hyatt:（凯悦酒店）（Park Ave at Grand Central, New York City, NY (26层楼的饭店，在中央车站旁，也是特朗普经手的第一个主要计划）。美国非常有名的真人秀节目“飞黄腾达”的制片人。国内的那些个创业节目，什么赢在中国啊等乱七八糟的都是跟他学的。确实是个传奇人物。而且这次在《狄蒙纪录报》上周六晚上公布的最新调查中，喜欢特朗普的人数比例突然飙升至61%，不喜欢他的比例下降至35%。； 下图是他；他的女儿，女婿；他的儿子（他有三次婚姻）

来看看经济学人对他的态度吧！你们自己先看，明天给解析哦！放假的人不多，再次感谢大家的支持！

When Mr Trump first announced that he was running for president, he was dismissed as a joke. Americans are waking up to the possibility that a man whose hobby is naming things after himself might—conceivably—be the nominee of the party of Lincoln and Reagan. On one domestic issue, to be fair, he has staked out a clear, bold position

He would deport all 11m immigrants currently thought to be in America illegally.

He would also round up and expel their children who were born on American soil and are therefore American citizens.

That this would be illegal does not bother him. His approach to foreign affairs is equally crude.

Republicans should listen carefully to Mr Trump, and vote for someone else.

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今天对新到手的英语大纲草案做了分析，从现在来看没有太多新的元素，肯定会延续以往命题风格，同学们按照我之前定好的复习计划复习就好了。毕竟稳定压倒一切，希望最后也不要有什么变动。

（准备在空间搞一个抽奖，同意的评论1吧！） 昨天句子的解析

When Mr Trump firstannounced that he was running for president, he was dismissed as a joke.

当川普先生一开始宣布要竞选总统时，他被人当做是一个笑话。 1. be dismissed as 被当做是

Americans are waking up tothe possibility that a man whose hobby is naming things after himselfmight—conceivably—be the nominee of the party of Lincoln and Reagan.

解析：

1.Conceivably 强调这种可能性（有可能地，可以相信地）

2. whose hobby is namingthings 名词转译为动词；他习惯于命名事物

3. the party of Lincoln andReagan. 这两个人都是共和党人；所以就是指共和党 4. are waking up to 突然意识到 美国人突然意识到有一种可能性，这个喜欢用自己的名字命名各种东西的人真的有可能会成为共和党的总统候选人

On one domestic issue, tobe fair, he has staked out a clear, bold position 解析：

公平的讲，在一个国内问题上，他摆出了一个明确而且大胆的姿态。 He would deport all 11mimmigrants currently thought to be in America illegally.

解析： 1.deport

他会将1千一百多万被认为非法待在美国的移民驱逐出境。

He would also round up andexpel their children who were born on American soil and are therefore Americancitizens.

他也会围捕并且驱逐他们的孩子出境，这些孩子是在美国出生的，所以也是美国公民。 That this would be illegaldoes not bother him.

虽然这样做是违法的，但一点都没有为难到他。 His approach to foreignaffairs is equally crude. 他解决国外事务的方法同样是很粗犷的。 （crude这个词是能体现出

Republicans should listencarefully to Mr Trump, and vote for someone else. 共和党人应该珍惜听川普先生的，但是该投其他人的票。 （所以这样的奇葩，经济学人也是不待见的.) 来看看今天的任务：

THOSE hoping for an end to the suspense will be disappointed. America’s labour market update—the last before the Federal Reserve’s meeting on September 17th—did not provide much clarity about the chance of an imminent rise in interest rates. For months, Fed officials have emphasized that their decision on when to raise rates will depend on the data. But with no further major data releases before the meeting, the outcome remains acliffhanger.

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