说明文Summary writing写作 - 教师版

说明文summary

1. 写说明文概述的步骤：

1） 确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。

2）寻找关键词。分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。

3）重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。

4）重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。

口诀：简括为：缩长见短，省却细腻。（括：概括性。见：间接引语。短：短的连词。细腻：细节和例子）

2. 写说明文概述要注意的事项：

1) 不能摘抄原文句子, 要用自己的语言“重组” 主要内容； 2) 只保留主要观点，不要细节； 3) 不要发表自己的观点；

4) 不要把列举、描绘性语言当成概述性语言； 5) 一般用第三人称转述；

6) 概述不要太宽泛，缺乏针对性，也不要只针对原文某个细节，概述得太狭窄； 7) 注意段中句子的衔接, 切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子； 8) 保证无语法错误;

说明文Summary 的教学步骤

第一步通读全文, 领略大意。通常summary 的开头都有一些常用的句子，学生可以积累用。 第二步 小结每一段的大意。用最简练的文字把文章每段的主要内容概括出即可。

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第三步 根据每一段的大意以及作者的侧重点, 不要加入自己的个人观点，综合归纳全文的大意。对于说明性或描述性的短文，可以用概括性文字说明某一现象。比如可概括如下： This article points out the common phenomenon?

Summary 范文

Directions: Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.

Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or the other, you’ll have to stand up and say – problem, I don’t want you in my life. Of course, we’ve been fighting troubles ever since we were born. Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children – the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shapes and colors and feelings.//

But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.//

Talk, it really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.Talking helps you move on and let go.

Write your problems. Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don’t want a real person to talk with.When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.

Don’t lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family… you should still have faith. With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.//

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Your problems aren’t the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there’re another one million people whose problems are huger than yours. Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.

Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.// 分析：

这是一片典型的说明性质要求的Summary Writing. 说明文的Summary 格式是说明对象/现象/问题 + 解释/分述/解决措施/建议。所以我们来分析这篇文章，主要的问题是problems 是我们生活中的一部分而且与我们生活息息相关，我们需要去处理它。接下来给了我们一些解决问题的方法，每一段的第一句做了简要叙述。最后总结有问题不要害怕，不论再大都可以解决。这样一片文章的structure就基本出来了。最后注意使用语句的时候不要抄原文的。 Possible Version:

The passage indicates that problems occupy a part of life and is closely related to nearly each aspects of our life. The tips about how to overcome them can be seen as follows. Firstly, try to talk with other. Secondly, write down your problems. At last, don’t lose confidence of yourself. Whatever problems or However big or small can be solved if you have determination. (67 words)

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