美国文学史及作品选读习题集(4)

4 The Romantic period of American literature

I. Fill in the blanks.

1. In the early 19th century Rip Van Winkle had established __________‘s reputation at home and abroad, and designated the beginning of American Romanticism.

2. Emerson‘s first book in 1836____brought American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England Transcendentalism.

3. In the early 19th century, Washington Irving wrote ___which became the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic. 4. In 1828, _____published his An American Dictionary of the English language.

5. In 1755, ______published his remarkable dictionary named Dictionary of the English language.

6. _______‘s poems have the musical quality and romantic beauty. The Raven is his best-known poem.

7. The civil war of 18661~1865 ended in the defeat of the Southerners and the abolition of______.

8. The American Transcendentalists formed a club called______. 9. The Transcendental Club often met at _____‘s home in Concord.

10. Leaves of Grass, either in content or form, is an epoch-making work in American literature; its democratic content marked the shift from ___ to ____, and its ____from broke from old poetic conventions to open a new road for American poetry.

11. ____was regarded as the first great prose stylist of American romanticism.

12. At 19 in 1802____began to write a series of sketches or essays on the theatre and the New York society, using the name of Jonathan Oldstyle.

13. In Washington Irving‘s work ____appeared the first modern short stories and the first great American juvenile literature.

14. In pairs, Washington Irving met John Howard Payne, the American dramatist and actor, with whom Irving wrote his brilliant social comedy____, or The Merry Monarch.

15. In 1823 Cooper James Fenimore wrote The Pioneers, the first of the five novels that make up ____.The remaining four books: The Last of Mohicans (1826), The Prairie (1827), The Pathfinder (1840), and The Deerslayer (1841), continue the story of Natty Bumppo, one of the most famous characters in American fiction. 16. The short story The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is taken from Washington Irving‘s work named______.

17. _____was the first American to achieve an international literary reputation after the Revolutionary War.

18. _____is famous for writing stories about the sea and the islands of the Southern Pacific. In his master piece___, he tells a story of a Whaling voyage which is set a symbolic account of the conflict between man and his fate.

19. Washington Irving‘s first book appeared in 1809.It was entitled ____.

20. Washington Irving also wrote two biographies, one is The Life of Oliver

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Goldsmith, and the other is____.

21. The first important American novelist was ____.

22. ____‘s Rip Van Winkle is a fantasy tale about a man who somehow stepped outside the main stream of life.

23. James Fenimore Cooper‘s novel ____ was a rousing tale about espionage against the British during the Revolutionary War.

24. The best of James Fenimore Cooper‘s sea romances was ____.The hero of the novel represents John Paul Jones, the great naval fighter of the Revolutionary War. 25. The central figure in the Leatherstocking Tales is ____, who goes by the various names of Leatherstocking, Deerslayer, Pathfinder and Hawkeye.

26. To A Waterfowl is perhaps the peak of ____‘s work, it has been called by an eminent English critic ―the most perfect brief poem in the language.‖

27. Washington Irving‘s works are numerous, but his most successful work is The Sketch Book OF Geoffrey Crayon, of which the most famous and anthologized are____.

28. ____ was the fist American to gain the stature of a major poet in the world literature.

29. Among William Cullen Bryant‘s most important later works are his translations of the Iliad and the ____into English blank verse.

30. Edgar Allan Poe‘s poem ____is perhaps the best example of onomatopoeia in the English language.

31. Most of ____‘s stories can be roughly divided into two kinds: tales of Gothic horror or grotesque like The Black Cat, an incisive enquiry into the capacity of the human mind to originate its own destruction and The Fall of the House of Usher; while the other kind is stories of intellect or ratiocination such as ____.

32. Edgar Allan Poe‘s poem _____ was published in 1845 as the title poem of a collection.

33. Ralph ____ Emerson was responsible for bringing Transcendentalism to New England.

34. Emerson‘s truest disciple, the man who put into practice many of Emerson‘s theories, was Henry ____ Thoreau.

35. In 1845, Thoreau began a two year residence at ____ Pond.

36. A superb book ____ came out of Thoreau‘s two-year experiment at Walden Pond. 37. From Thoreau‘s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay ____. 38. Hester Prynne is the heroine in Hawthorne‘s novel ____.

39. _____ was a great American Transcendentalist and revolutionary Romanticist, whose first book nature is the fundamental document of his philosophy.

40. In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his masterpiece ____, the story of a triangular love affair in colonial America.

41. Herman Melville‘s novel____ is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.

42. In I Hear Singing, ____ depicts the beauty of labor and laborers.

43. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow‘s first collection of poems entitled ____appeared in 1838.

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44. The most scholarly of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow‘s writings is his translation of Dante‘s _____.

45. Besides lyrics and longer poems Henry Wadsworth Longfellow wrote dramatic works, among which _____ is the most conspicuous.

46. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and _____ are the only two American poets commemorated in the Poet‘s Corner of Westminster Abbey.

47. For the whole 19th century ____was the only woman poet who enjoys high academic esteem today. She has been acclaimed as a poet of philosophical and tragic dimensions, a poet who was responsive to the challenging questions of man, nature and human consciousness.

48. After his death, _____ became the only American to be honored with a bust in the Poet‘s Corner of Westminster Abbey.

49. The American Romantic Period stretches form the end of the 18th century through the outburst of the ____.

50. The English author named _____ was, in a way, responsible for the romantic description of landscape in American literature and the development of American Indian romance. His Waverly novels were models for American historical romance.

51. Published in 1823, _____ was the first of the Leatherstcoking Tales, in their order of publication time, and probably the first true romance of the frontier in American literature.

52. In The Pioneers, ____ represents the ideal American, living a virtuous and free life in God‘s world.

53. In 1836, a little book came out which made a tremendous impact on the intellectual life of America. It was entitled Nature by ____.

54. Ralph Waldo Emerson‘s essay ____ has been regarded as ―Americas Declaration of Intellectual Independence‖. It called on American writers to write about America in a way peculiarly American.

55. Another renowned New England Transcendentalist was ____, a friend of Ralph Waldo Emerson and his junior by some 14 years.

56. The way in which ____ wrote The Scarlet letter suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.

57. Herman Melville‘s world classic novel Moby Dick was dedicated to ____, a novelist.

58. It is said that in his late years, Herman Melville stopped writing novels and stories and turned to poetry, ____ is his most famous poetic work.

59. Herman Melville is best known as the author of one book named ____, which is, critics have agreed, one of the world‘s greatest masterpieces. Ⅱ. Multiple Choice.

1. In 1837, the first college-level institution for women, Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, opened in ____ to serve the ―muslin sex‖. A. New England B. Virginia C. Massachusetts D. New York 2. Transcendentalists took their ideas from ____.

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A. the romantic literature in Europe B. neo-Platonism

C. German idealistic philosophy

D. the revelations of oriental mysticism E. All of the above

3. As a philosophical and literary movement, _____ flourished in New England form the 1830s to the Civil War.

A. modernism B. rationalism

C. sentimentalism D. transcendentalism

4. Transcendentalist doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in _____ and Thoreau.

A. Jefferson B. Emerson C. Freneau D. Oversoul 5. Who were regarded as the ―School-room Poets‖?

A. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow B. James Russell Lowell C. Oliver Wendell Holmes D. John Greenleaf Whittier E. All of the above

6. The appearance of The Scarlet letter marked the maturity of Nathaniel Hawthorne as a novelist. Soon he composed the other three important novels including _____, The Blithedale Romance and The Marble Faun.

A. The House of the Seven Gables B. The Prairie C. The Fall of the House of Usher D. Walden

7. _____ was the most leading spirit of the Transcendental Club. A. Thoreau B. Emerson C. Hawthorne D. Whitman

8. Transcendentalists recognized ______ as the ―highest power of the soul‖. A. intuition B. logic C. date of the senses D. thinking

9. Led by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Ralph Waldo Emerson and _____, there arose a kind of teaching of transcendentalism in the early 19th century.

A. Herman Melville B. Henry David Thoreau C. Mark Twain D. Theodore Dreiser

10. Transcendentalism appealed to those who disdained the hash God of the Puritan ancestors, and it appealed to those who scorned the pale deity of New England _____.

A. Transcendentalism B. Humanism

C. Naturalism D. Unitarianism

11. In early 19th century America, statesmen such as______, came to dominate American politics not with their prose but with the emotional force of their oratory.

A. Daniel Webster B. Daniel Defoe C. Philip Freneau D. Thomas Paine

12. A new _____ had appeared in England in the last years of the 18th century. It spread to continental Europe and then came to America early in the 19th century.

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A. Realism B. Critical realism C. Romanticism D. Naturalism

13. The desire for an escape form society and a return to nature became a permanent convention of American literature, evident in ____. A. James Fenimore Cooper‘s Leatherstocking Tales B. Henry David Thoreau‘s Walden C. Mark Twain‘s Huckleberry Finn D. All of the above

14. Herman Melville‘s _____ is not only an adventure story, but also a significant philosophical work on spiritual exploration.

A. Moby Dick B. The Egg

C. Nature D. The Over-Soul

15. An American Dictionary of the English Language was published in 1828 by _____.

A. Samuel Johnson B. Noah Webster C. Daniel Webster D. Daniel Defoe

16. In the 19th century America, Romanticism had certain general characteristics. Choose such characteristics from the following items. A. Moral enthusiasm

B. Faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception C. Adoration for the natural world

D. Presumption about the corrosive effect of human society E. All of the above

17. Choose Washington Irving‘s works from the following items. A. Self-Reliance B. Sister Carrie

C. Walden D.A History of New York

18. In James Fenimore Cooper‘s novels, close after Natty Bumppo in romantic appeal, come the two noble red men. Choose them from the following items. A. The Mohican Chief Chingachgook B. Uncas

C. Tome Jones D. Both A and B

19. In 1817, the stately poem called Thanatopsis introduced he best poet _____ to appear in America up to that time.

A. Edward Taylor B. Philip Freneau C. William Cullen Bryant D. Edgar Allan Poe 20. Choose William Cullen Bryant‘s poem from the following ones. A. Thanatopsis B. Song of Myself C. Ligeia D. Voices of the Night

21. In 1831, Edgar Allan Poe Published his third book, Poems by Edgar A. Poe in New York, which consisted of some of his best poems, like _____ and The City in the Sea.

A. To a waterfowl B. To a Caty-Did

C. To Helen D. The Wild Honey Suckle

22. Ralph Waldo Emerson‘s first book _____ is the fundamental document of his philosophy, and expresses his constant, deeply felt love for he natural scenes.

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