高三语法填空(2)

语法填空

三个解题步骤

(1)通读全文，了解大意。步骤：概读理解 – 分析填空 – 连贯检查

既然是利用语篇在语境中考语法，那么，我们在解题前，应快速浏览短文，了解全文大意，这一步非常重要。 （2）分析思路

词法—句法—篇章—惯用法 (3)试填空格，先易后难。

读懂短文之后，要结合短文所提供的特定的语境(也就是上下文)，从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性，再根据句子的意义，以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。 (4)重读全文，解决难题。

在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。

（5）通读全文,理解大意；检查搭配, 前后连贯；根据篇章, 确定语义；分析句子,确定词性；

语法填空的答题过程归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。

具体分析方法: （一）纯空格题

1、缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。

[例1] I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __38_ gets there almost in a second. (茂名一模)

2、名词前是空格，若该名词前没有限定词，很可能是填冠词his, their等形容词性物主代词，或some, any, other(s), another等限定词。

[例2] It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help __33 rice crop grow up quickly. (2008年广东高考)

[例3] …the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to__35_small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage. (2007年广东高考)

3、名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。

[例4] The little boy pulled [33]________ right hand out of the pocket … （his）

[例5] … who should have the honour of receiving me 33______ a guest in their house. (2007年广东高考)

4、若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。

[例6] …two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 34 Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.

[例7] …all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me 36 almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (2008年深圳一模)

5、若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词。 [例8] I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days 32 I was to return to

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Guangzhou. (2008年广州一模)

[例9] He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, 37 he felt very happy… (2008年广东高考)

6、若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。

[例10 What is acceptable in one country 31 be considered extremely rude in another. (珠三角五校联考)

[例11] He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regular salary.

7、若缺状语，一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大)。（例句略） 8、由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。

(1)由it is…that…强调结构形式，判断填it还是that。

[例12] …and 40 was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG (味精)! (广州一模)

(2)由倒装句式判断，是填构成倒装的条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，还是填do, does, did等。

[例13] _______with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.

(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格处是否填it。如：

[例14] …as 32 took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists… (2008年佛山二模)

[例15] Dating sites also make 36 easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in. (2008年惠州二模)

(4)so /such…that…句型。如：

[例16] This made the goat so jealous___34___it began plotting against (谋划对付) the donkey. (2007年惠州二模)

(5)more…than… (与其说……不如说……，比……更……)句型。

[例17] Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares 40 how much he pays. (深圳宝安期末) (二)给出了动词的试题。

1、动词不在主语或宾语的位置

首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。

若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。

[例18] His fear of failure ____36____(keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. (2008年深圳一模)

[例19] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 40 (close) my book and walked away. (2008年广州一模)

[例20] In Logan, three people __38__ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. (梅州二模)

若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式，确定的方法主要有：

2、作主语或宾语，通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。 [例21] …but it is not enough only 35 (memorize) rules from a grammar book. (佛山一模) [例20] _______ (speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…

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