法律英语专业词汇汇总 来源

一、 律师部分

案件受理费 court acceptance fee

案情重大、复杂 important and complicated case

案由 cause of action

案子 case

包揽诉讼 monopolize lawsuits

被告 defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)

被上诉人 appellee

被诉人 respondent; defendant

本案律师 councel pro hac vice

本地律师 local counsel

毕业证 diploma; graduation certificate

辩护词 defense; pleadings

辩护律师 defense lawyer

辩护要点 point of defense

辩护意见 submission

财产租赁 property tenancy

裁定书 order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）

裁决书 award（用于仲裁）

裁决书 verdict（用于陪审团）

采信的证据 admitted evidence; established evidence

草拟股权转让协议 drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests

查阅法条 source legal provisions

产权转让 conveyancing

出差 go on errand; go on a business trip

出国深造 further study abroad

出具律师意见书 providing legal opinion

出示的证据 exhibit

出庭 appear in court

传票 summons; subpoena

答辩状 answer; reply

代理词 representation

代理房地产买卖与转让 agency for sale and transfer of real estate

代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记 agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations

代理仲裁 agency for arbitration

代写文书 drafting of legal instruments

待决案件 pending case

当事人陈述 statement of the parties

第三人 third party

吊销执业证 revocation of lawyer license

调查笔录 investigative record

调查取证 investigation and gathering for evidence

调解 mediation

调解书 mediation

二审案件 case of trial of second instance

发送电子邮件 send e-mail

法律顾问 legal consultants

法律意见书 legal opinions

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨询 legal counseling

法庭 division; tribunal

法学博士学位 LL.D (Doctor of Laws)

法学会 law society

法学课程 legal courses

法学硕士学位 LL.M (Master of Laws)

法学系 faculty of law; department of law

法学学士学位 LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)

J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士)

法学院 law school

法院公告 court announcement

反诉状 counterclaim

房地产律师 real estate lawyer; real property lawyer

非合伙律师 associate lawyer

非诉讼业务 non-litigation practice

高级合伙人 senior partner

高级律师 senior lawyer

各类协议和合同 agreements and contracts

公安局 Public Security Bureau

公司上市 company listing

公诉案件 public-prosecuting case

公证书 notarial certificate

国办律师事务所 state-run law office

国际贸易 international trade

国际诉讼 international litigation

国内诉讼 domestic litigation

合伙律师 partner lawyer

合伙制律师事务所 law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice

合同审查、草拟、修改 contract review, drafting and revision

会见当事人 interview a client

会见犯罪嫌疑人 interview a criminal suspect

兼职律师 part-time lawyer

监狱 prison; jail

鉴定结论 expert conclusion

缴纳会费 membership dues

举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi

决定书 decision

勘验笔录 record of request

看守所 detention house

抗诉书 protest

控告人 accuser; complainant

跨国诉讼 transnational litigation

劳动争议 labor disputes

劳动争议仲裁委员会 arbitration committee for labor disputes

劳改场 reform-through-labor farm; prison farm

利害关系人 interested party; party in interest

律管处处长 director of lawyer control department

律师 lawyer attorney; attorney at law

律师惩戒 lawyer discipline

律师法 Lawyer Law

律师费 lawyer fee

律师函 lawyer's letter

律师见证 lawyer attestation/authentication

律师见证书 lawyer certification/authentication/witness

律师卷宗 lawyer's docile; file

律师刊物 lawyer's journal

律师联系电话 contact phone number of a lawyer

律师事务所 law office; law firm

律师收费 billing by lawyer

律师网站 lawyer website

律师协会 National Bar (Lawyer) Association

律师协会会员 member of Lawyer Association

律师协会秘书长 secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association

律师协会章程 Articles of Lawyer Assocition

律师业务室 lawyer's office

律师执业证 lawyer license

律师助理 assistant lawyer

律师资格考试 bar exam; lawyer qualification exam

律师资格证 lawyer qualification certificate

民事案件 civil case

民事调解 civil mediation

民事诉讼 civil litigation

派出所 local police station; police substation

判决 judgement(用于民事、行政案件);

determination(用于终审);

sentence(用于刑事案);

verdict(由陪审团作出)

旁证 circumstantial evidence

企业章程 articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw

企业重组 corporate restructure

起诉状 information; indictment

取消律师资格 disbar

全国律师代表大会 National Lawyer Congress

缺席宣判 pronounce judgement or determination by default

人民法院 People's Court

人民检察院 People's Procuratorate

认定事实 determine facts

上诉案件 case of trial of second instance; appellate case

上诉人 appellant

上诉状 petition for appeal

涉外律师 lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters

申请复议 administrative reconsideration petition

申请加入律师协会 application for admission to Law Association

申请人 petitioner; claimant

申诉案件 appeal case

申诉人（仲裁） claimant; plaintiff

申诉书 appeal for revision, petition for revision

实习律师 apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period

实习律师证 certificate of apprentice lawyer

视听证据 audio-visual reference material

适用法律 apply law to facts

受害人 victim

书证 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

司法建议书 judicial advise

司法局 Judicial Bureau

司法局副局长 deputy director of Judicial Bureau

司法局局长 director of Judicial Bureau

司法统一考试 uniform judicial exam

送达 service of process

诉讼 litigation; action; lawsuit

诉讼当事人 litigation party; litigious party

诉讼业务 litigation practice

诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim

推销法律服务 promote/market legal service

外国律师事务所 foreign law office

委托代理合同 authorized representation contract

委托代理人 agent ad litem; entrusted agent

委托授权书 power of attorney

物证 material evidence

嫌疑人 criminal suspect

项目融资 project financing

项目谈判 project negotiating

刑事案件 criminal case

刑事诉讼 criminal litigation

行政诉讼 administrative litigation

休庭 adjourn the court; recess

宣判 pronounce judgement; determination

宣誓书 affidavit

业务进修 attendance in advanced studies

一审案件 case of trial of first instance

与国外律师事务所交流 communicate with foreign law firms

原告 plaintiff

证券律师 securities lawyer

证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit

执行笔录 execution record

执业登记 registration for practice

执业范围 scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area

执业申请 practice application

执业证年检 annual inspection of lawyer license

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁案件 arbitration case

仲裁机构 arbitration agency

专门律师 specialized lawyer

专职律师 professional lawyer; full-time lawyer

撰写法律文章 write legal thesis

资信调查 credit standing investigation

自诉案件 private prosecuting case

二、 诉讼法律

案件 case

案件发回 remand/rimit a case (to a low court)

案件名称 title of a case

案卷材料 materials in the case

案情陈述书 statement of case

案外人 person other than involved in the case

案值 total value involved in the case

败诉方 losing party

办案人员 personnel handling a case

保全措施申请书 application for protective measures

报案 report a case (to security authorities)

被告 defendant; the accused

被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused

被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder

被害人 victim

被害人的诉讼代理人 victim's agent ad litem

被上诉人 respondent; the appellee

被申请人 respondent

被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed

被执行人 person subject to enforcement

本诉 principal action

必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation

变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord

辩护 defense

辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer

辩护人 defender

辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence

辩论阶段 stage of court debate

驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim

驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion

驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling 驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit

驳回通知书 notice of dismissal

驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution

驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case

补充答辩 supplementary answer

补充判决 supplementary judgement

补充侦查 supplementary investigation

不公开审理 trial in camera

不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing

不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest

不起诉 nol pros

不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court

财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation 裁定 order; determination (指最终裁定)

裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order

裁定书 order; ruling

裁决书 award

采信的证据 admitted evidence

查封 seal up

撤回上诉 withdraw appeal

撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit

撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file

撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial

出示的证据 exhibit

除权判决 invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)

传唤 summon; call

传闻证据 hearsay

答辩 answer; reply

答辩陈述书 statement of defence

答辩状 answer; reply

大法官 associate justices; justice

大检察官 deputy chief procurator

代理控告 agency for accusation

代理申诉 agency for appeal

代理审判员 acting judge

代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving

弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure

当事人陈述 statement of the parties

当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court

地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction

地区检察分院 inter-mediate People's Procuratorate

第三人 third party

调查笔录 record of investigation

定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date

定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence

冻结 freeze

督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge

独任庭 sole-judge bench

独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator

对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action 对席判决 judgement inter parties

二审 trial of second instance

二审案件 case of trial of second insurance

罚款 impose a fine

法定证据 statutory legal evidence

法定证据制度 system of legal evidence

法官 judges

法警 bailiff; court police

法律文书 legal instruments/papers

法律援助 legal aid

法律咨询 legal consulting

法庭辩论 court debate

法庭调查 court investigation

法庭审理笔录 court record

法庭审理方式 mode of court trial

法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal

法院 court

法院公告 court announcement

反诉 counterclaim

反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim

反诉状 counterclaim

犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect

附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action

附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action

复查 reexamination; recheck

复验 reinspect

高级法官 senior judge

高级检察官 senior procurator

高级人民法院 Higher People's Court

告诉案件 case of complaint

告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint

告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division

工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children

公安部 Ministry of Public Security

公安分局 public security sub-bureau

公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government

公开审理 trial in public

公开审判制度 open trial system

公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation

公诉案件 public-prosecuting case

公诉词 statement of public prosecution

公证机关 public notary office

共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction

管辖 jurisdiction

国际司法协助 international judicial assistance

海事法院 maritime court

合议庭 collegial panel

合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench

和解 composition; compromise

核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties

恢复执行 resumption of execution

回避 withdrawal

混合式诉讼 mixed action

基层人民法院 basic People's Court

羁押期限 term in custody

级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels

监视居住 living at home under surveillance

监狱 prison

检察官 procurator

检察权 prosecutorial power

检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee

检察院 procuratorate

检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate

简易程序 summary procedure

鉴定结论 expert conclusion

经济审判庭 economic tribunal

径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice

纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings

拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant

拘留所 detention house

举报 information/report of an offence

举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi

决定书 decision

军事法院 military procuratorate

开庭审理 open a court session

开庭通知 notice of court session

勘验笔录 record of inquest

看守所 detention house

可执行财产 executable property

控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings

控诉证据 incriminating evidence

控诉职能 accusation function

扣押 distrain on; attachment

扣押物 distress/distraint

宽限期 period of grace

劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration

劳改场 reform-through-labor farm

劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office

类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据 cumulative evidence

立案报告 place a case on file

立案管辖 functional jurisdiction

立案决定书 written decision of case-filing

立案侦查 report of placing a case on file

利害关系人 interested party

临时裁决书 interim award

律师见证书 lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication

律师事务所 law office; law firm

律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer

免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty

民事案件 civil case

民事审判庭 civil tribunal

民事诉讼 civil action

民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law

扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police

派出法庭 detached tribunal

派出所 police station

判决 judgement; determination

判决书 judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)

旁证 circumstantial evidence

陪审员 juror

批准逮捕 approval of arrest

破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case

破产 bankruptcy; insolvency

普通程序 general/ordinary procedure

普通管辖 general jurisdiction

企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation 起诉 filing of a lawsuit

起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings

起诉状 indictment; information

区县检察院 grassroots People's Procuratorate

取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving

缺席判决 default judgement

人民调解委员会 People's Mediation Committee

认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless

认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity

上诉 appeal

上诉人 appellant

上诉状 petition for appeal

少管所 juvenile prison

社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security

涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests

涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings

涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings

申请人 applicant; petitioner

申请书 petition; application for arbitration

申请执行人 execution applicant

申诉人宣誓书 claimant's affidavit of authenticity

申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision

神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence

神示制度 ordeal system

审查案件 case review

审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest

审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution

审理通知书 notice of hearing

审判长 presiding judge

审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session

审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction

审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision

审判委员会 judicial committee

审判员 judge

审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings

生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order

胜诉方 winning party

省市自治区检察院 higher People's Procuratorate

失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death

实（质）体证据 substantial evidence

实物证据 tangible evidence

实在证据 real evidence

示意证据 demonstrative evidence

视听证据 audio-visual evidence

收容所 collecting post; safe retreat

首席大法官 chief justice

首席检察官 chief procurator

受害人的近亲属 victim's immediate family

受理 acceptance

受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case

受送达人 the addressee

书记员 court clerk

书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules

书证 documentary evidence

司法部 Ministry of Justice

司法机关 judicial organizatons

司法警察 judicial police

司法局 judicial bureau

司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government

司法协助 judicial assistance

死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve

死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence

死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence

送达 service of process

送达传票 service of summons/subpoena

送达诉状 service of bill of complaint

搜查 search

诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit

诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit

诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action

诉讼保全 attachment

诉讼参加人 litigious participants

诉讼代理人 agent ad litem

诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim

特别程序 special procedures

提起公诉 institute a public prosecution

铁路法院 railway court

铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate

庭审程序 procedure of court trial

通缉 wanted for arrest

投案 appearance

退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation

委托辩护 entrusted defense

未成年人法庭 juvenile court

无行政职务的法官 associate judge

无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause

无罪判决 acquittal, finding of " not guilty "

物证 material evidence

先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution

先予执行 advanced execution

刑事案件 criminal case

刑事拘留 criminal detention

刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures

刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal

刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings

刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law

刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint

行政案件 administrative case

行政审判庭 administrative tribunal

行政诉讼 administrative proceedings

行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law

宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death 宣判笔录 record of rendition of judgement

选民资格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters

询问证人 inquire/question a witness

训诫 reprimand

讯问笔录 record of interrogation

询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect

言词证据 verbal evidence

要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena

一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding

一审 trial of first instance

一审案件 case of trial of first instance

应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action

有罪判决 sentence; finding of "guilty"

予审 preliminary examinantion; pretrial

原告 plaintiff

院长 court president

阅卷笔录 record of file review (by lawyers)

再审案件 case of retrial

再审申请书 petition for retrial

责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance

债权人会议 creditors' meeting

侦查阶段 investigation stage

侦查终结 conclusion of investigation

征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant

证据 evidence

证据保全 preserve evidence

证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation

证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit

支付令 payment order/warrant

知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal

执行程序 procedure execution

执行逮捕 execution of arrest

执行和解 conciliation of execution

执行回转 recovery of execution

执行庭 executive tribunal

执行异议 objection to execution

执行员 executor

执行中止 discontinuance of execution

执行终结 conclusion of execution

指定辩护 appointed defense

指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator

中级人民法院 intermediate People's Court

中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission

仲裁 arbitration

仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant

仲裁裁决 award

仲裁申请书 arbitration

仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff

仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal

仲裁委员会 arbitration committee

仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration

仲裁员 arbitrator

主诉检察官 principal procurator

助理检察官 assistant procurator

助理审判员 assistant judge

专门法院 special court

专门管辖 specific jurisdiction

专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction

追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility

自首 confession to justice

自诉案件 private-prosecuting case

自行辩护 self-defense

自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence

自侦案件 self-investigating case

最高人民法院 the Supreme People's Court

最高人民检察院 the Supreme People's Procuratorate

最后裁决书 final award

三、 民事法律

法律渊源 source of law

制定法 statute

判例法 case law; precedent

普通法 common law

特别法 special law

固有法 native law; indigenous law

继受法 adopted law

实体法 substantial law

程序法 procedural law

原则法 fundamental law

例外法 exception law

司法解释 judicial interpretation

习惯法 customary law

公序良俗 public order and moral

自然法 natural law

罗马法 Roman Law

私法 private law

公法 public law

市民法 jus civile

万民法 jus gentium

民法法系 civil law system

英美法系 system of Anglo-American law

大陆法系 civil law system

普通法 common law

大陆法 continental law

罗马法系 Roman law system

英吉利法 English law

衡平法 equity; law of equity

日尔曼法 Germantic law

教会法 ecclesiastical law

寺院法 canon law

伊斯兰法 Islamic law

民法法律规范 norm of civil law

授权规范 authorization norm

禁止规范 forbidding norm

义务性规范 obligatory norm

命令性规范 commanding norm

民法基本原则 fundamental principles of civil law

平等原则 principle of equality

自愿原则 principle of free will

公平原则 principle of justice

等价有偿原则 principle of equal value exchange

诚实信用原则 principle of good faith

行为 act

作为 act

不作为 omission

合法行为 lawful act

违法行为 unlawful act

民事权利权利能力 civil right

绝对权 absolute right

相对权 relative right

优先权 right of priority

先买权 preemption

原权 antecedent right

救济权 right of relief

支配权 right of dominion

请求权 right of claim

物上请求权 right of claim for real thing

形成权 right of formation

撤销权 right of claiming cancellation

否认权 right of claiming cancellation

解除权 right of renouncement

代位权 subrogated right

选择权 right of choice

承认权 right of admission

终止权 right of termination

抗辩权 right of defense

一时性抗辩权 momentary right of defense

永久性抗辩权 permanent counter-argument right

不安抗辩权 unstable counter-argument right

同时履行抗辩权 defense right of simultaneous performance

既得权 tested right

期待权 expectant right

专属权 exclusive right

非专属权 non-exclusive right

人身权利 personal right

人权 human right

人格权 right of personality

生命健康权 right of life and health

姓名权 right of name

名称权 right of name

肖像权 right of portraiture

自由权 right of freedom

名誉权 right reputation

隐私权 right of privacy

私生活秘密权 right of privacy

贞操权 virginity right

身份权 right of status

亲权 parental power; parental right

亲属权 right of relative

探视权 visitation right

配偶权 right of spouse

荣誉权 right of honor

权利的保护 protection of right

公力救济 public protection

私力救济 self-protection

权利本位 standard of right

社会本位 standard of society

无责任行为 irresponsible right

正当防卫 justifiable right; ligitimate defence

防卫行为 act of defence

自为行为 self-conducting act

紧急避险 act of rescue; necessity

自助行为 act of self-help

不可抗力 force majeure

意外事件 accident

行为能力 capacity for act

意思能力 capacity of will

民事行为 civil act

意思表示 declaration of intention

意思表示一致 meeting of minds; consensus

完全行为能力 perfect capacity for act

限制行为能力 restrictive capacity for act

准禁治产人 quasi-interdicted person

保佐 protection

自治产人 minor who is capable of administering his own capacity

无行为能力 incapacity for act

禁治产人 interdicted person

自然人 natural person

公民 citizen

住所 domicile

居所 residence

经常居住地 frequently dwelling place

户籍 census register

监护 guardianship

个体工商户 individual business

农村承包经营户 leaseholding rural household

合伙 partnership

合伙人 partner

合伙协议 partnership agreement

合伙财产 property of partnership

合伙债务 debt of partnership

入伙 join partnership

退伙 withdrawal from partnership

合伙企业 partnership business establishment

个人合伙 partnership

法人合伙 partnership of legal person

特别合伙 special partnership

普通合伙 general partnership

有限合伙 limited partnership

民事合伙 civil partnership

隐名合伙 sleeping partnership; dormant partnership

私营企业 private enterprise; proprietorship

法人 legal person

企业法人 legal body of enterprise

企业集团 group of enterprise

关联企业 affiliate enterprise

个人独资企业 individual business establishment

国有独资企业 solely state-owned enterprise

中外合资企业 Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise

中外合作企业 Sino-foreign contractual enterprise

社团法人 legal body of mass organization

财团法人 legal body of financial group

联营 joint venture

法人型联营 association of legal persons

合伙型联营 coordinated management in partnership

协作型联营 cooperation-type coordinated management

合作社 cooperative

民事法律行为 civil legal act

单方民事法律行为 unilateral civil legal act

双方民事法律行为 bilateral civil legal act

多方民事法律行为 joint act civil legal act

有偿民事法律行为 civil legal act with consideration

无偿民事法律行为 civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为 practical civil legal act

诺成性民事法律行为 consental civil legal act

要式民事法律行为 formal civil legal act

不要式民事法律行为 informal civil legal act

要因民事法律行为 causative civil legal act

不要因民事法律行为 noncausative civil legal act

主民事法律行为 principal civil legal act

从民事法律行为 accessory civil legal act

附条件民事法律行为 conditional civil legal act

附期限民事法律行为 civil legal act with term

生前民事法律行为 civil legal act before death

死后民事法律行为 civil legal act after death

准民事法律行为 quasi-civil legal act

无效行为 ineffective act

可撤销民事行为 revocable civil act

违法行为 illegal act; unlawful act

侵权行为 tort

欺诈 fraud

胁迫 duress

乘人之危 taking advantage of others' precarious position

以合法形式掩盖非法目的 legal form concealing illegal intention

恶意串通 malicious collaboration

重大误解 gross misunderstanding

显失公平 obvious unjust

误传 misrepresentation

代理 agency

本人 principal

被代理人 principal

受托人 trustee

代理人 agent

本代理人 original agent

法定代理人 statutory agent; legal agent

委托代理人 agent by mandate

指定代理人 designated agent

复代理人 subagent

再代理人 subagent

转代理人 subagent

代理权 right of agency

授权行为 act of authorization

授权委托书 power of attorney

代理行为 act of agency

委托代理 agency by mandate

本代理 original agency

复代理 subagency

次代理 subagency

有权代理 authorized agency

表见代理 agency by estoppel; apparent agency

律师代理 agency by lawyer

普通代理 general agency

全权代理 general agency

全权代理委托书 general power of attorney

共同代理 joint agency

独家代理 sole agency

居间 brokerage

居间人 broker

行纪 commission; broker house

信托 trust

时效 time limit; prescription; limitation

时效中止 suspension of prescription/limitation

时效中断 interruption of limitation/prescription

时效延长 extension of limitation

取得时效 acquisitive prescription

时效终止 lapse of time; termination of prescription

期日 date

期间 term

涉外民事关系 civil relations with foreign elements

冲突规范 rule of conflict

准据法 applicable law; governing law

反致 renvoi; remission

转致 transmission

识别 identification

公共秩序保留 reserve of public order

法律规避 evasion of law

国籍 nationality

国有化 nationalization

法律责任 legal liability

民事责任 civil liability/responsibility

行政责任 administrative liability/responsibility

刑事责任 criminal liability/responsibility

违约责任 liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default

有限责任 limited liability

无限责任 unlimited liability

按份责任 shared/several liability

连带责任 joint and several liability

过失责任 liability for negligence; negligent liability

过错责任 fault liability; liability for fault

单独过错 sole fault

共同过错 joint fault

混合过错 mixed fault

被害人过错 victim's fault

第三人过错 third party's fault

推定过错 presumptive fault

恶意 bad faith; malice

故意 deliberate intention; intention; willfulness

过失 negligence

重大过失 gross negligence

疏忽大意的过失 careless and inadvertent negligence

过于自信的过失 negligence with undue assumption

损害事实 facts of damage

有形损失 tangible damage/loss

无形损失 intangible damage/loss

财产损失 property damage/loss

人身损失 personal damage/loss

精神损失 spiritual damage/loss

民事责任承担方式 methods of bearing civil liability

停止侵害 cease the infringing act

排除妨碍 exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle

消除危险 elimination of danger

返还财产 restitution of property

恢复原状 restitution; restitution of original state

赔偿损失 compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss

支付违约金 payment of liquidated damage

消除影响 eliminate ill effects

恢复名誉 rehabilitate one's reputation

赔礼道歉 extend a formal apology

物权 jus ad rem; right in rem; real right

物权制度 real right system; right in rem system

一物一权原则 the principal of One thing, One Right

物权法定主义 principal of legality of right in rem

物权公示原则 principal of public summons of right in rem

物权法 jus rerem

物 property

生产资料 raw material for production

生活资料 means of livelihood; means of subsistence

流通物 res in commercium; a thing in commerce

限制流通物 limited merchantable thing

禁止流通物 res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce

资产 asset

固定资产 fixed asset

流动资产 current asset; floating asset

动产 movables; chattel

不动产 immovable; real estate

特定物 res certae; a certain thing

种类物 genus; indefinite thing

可分物 res divisibiles; divisible things

不可分物 res indivisibiles; indivisible things

主物 res capitalis; a principal thing

从物 res accessoria; an accessory thing

原物 original thing

孳息 fruits

天然孳息 natural fruits

法定孳息 legal fruits

无主物 bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods

遗失物 lost property

漂流物 drifting object

埋藏物 fortuna; hidden property

货币 currency

证券 securities

债券 bond

物权分类 classification of right in rem/real right

自物权 jus in re propria; right of full ownership

所有权 dominium; ownership; title

所有权凭证 document of title; title of ownership

占有权 dominium utile; equitable ownership

使用权 right of use; right to use of

收益权 right to earnings; right to yields

处分权 right of disposing; jus dispodendi

善意占有 possession in good faith

恶意占有 malicious possession

按份共有 several possession

共同共有 joint possession

他物权 jus in re aliena

用益物权 real right for usufruct

使用权 right to use; right of use

土地使用权 right to the use of land

林权 forest ownership

采矿权 mining ownership

经营权 managerial authority; power of management

承包经营权 right to contracted management

相邻权 neighboring right; relatedright

地上权 superficies

永佃权 jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权 servitude; easement

人役权 servitus personarum; personal servitude

担保物权 real right for security

物的担保 security for thing

物的瑕疵担保 warranty against defect of a thing

抵押权 hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage

抵押权的设定 creation of right to mortgage

抵押人 mortgagor

抵押权人 mortgagee

抵押标的物 collateral; estate under mortgage

抵押权的效力 deffect of right to mortgage

抵押权的次序 sequence of right to mortgage

抵押权的抛弃 abandonment of right to mortgage

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